Yen Le Espiritu and Diane L. Wolf
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520230118
- eISBN:
- 9780520927513
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520230118.003.0006
- Subject:
- Sociology, Migration Studies (including Refugee Studies)
This chapter begins by presenting a broader historical context of Filipino immigration to the United States; to California; and to the research site, San Diego. It then delineates the socioeconomic ...
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This chapter begins by presenting a broader historical context of Filipino immigration to the United States; to California; and to the research site, San Diego. It then delineates the socioeconomic status of the Filipino CILS sample and the academic achievements and ambitions of young Filipinos. Next, the chapter analyzes what it means to grow up as children of Filipino immigrants in San Diego by focusing on shifts in ethnic identity and perceptions of discrimination, the quality of family relationships, and emotional well-being. It notes that race and gender mark most aspects of young Filipino lives and constitute crucial axes along which children of Filipino immigrants must be understood.Less
This chapter begins by presenting a broader historical context of Filipino immigration to the United States; to California; and to the research site, San Diego. It then delineates the socioeconomic status of the Filipino CILS sample and the academic achievements and ambitions of young Filipinos. Next, the chapter analyzes what it means to grow up as children of Filipino immigrants in San Diego by focusing on shifts in ethnic identity and perceptions of discrimination, the quality of family relationships, and emotional well-being. It notes that race and gender mark most aspects of young Filipino lives and constitute crucial axes along which children of Filipino immigrants must be understood.
Cecilia M. Tsu
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199734771
- eISBN:
- 9780199344987
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199734771.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
Set in the Great Depression, this chapter explores the plight of Filipino migrant farm laborers, who white growers in the Santa Clara Valley initially welcomed as another bachelor population capable ...
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Set in the Great Depression, this chapter explores the plight of Filipino migrant farm laborers, who white growers in the Santa Clara Valley initially welcomed as another bachelor population capable of serving the area𠀧s labor needs. Filipino men soon came under fire for their association with white women, but their participation in the farm labor movement during the 1930s was even more problematic for white residents and resulted in the racialization of Filipinos as disruptive radicals threatening the livelihoods of struggling farmers already hit hard by the Depression. The increasingly polarized public discourse on the farm labor problem in the 1930s overshadowed any residual concern about Japanese farm families, some of whom also employed Filipino workers and at times became embroiled in conflict with them.Less
Set in the Great Depression, this chapter explores the plight of Filipino migrant farm laborers, who white growers in the Santa Clara Valley initially welcomed as another bachelor population capable of serving the area𠀧s labor needs. Filipino men soon came under fire for their association with white women, but their participation in the farm labor movement during the 1930s was even more problematic for white residents and resulted in the racialization of Filipinos as disruptive radicals threatening the livelihoods of struggling farmers already hit hard by the Depression. The increasingly polarized public discourse on the farm labor problem in the 1930s overshadowed any residual concern about Japanese farm families, some of whom also employed Filipino workers and at times became embroiled in conflict with them.
Roderick N. Labrador
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- April 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780252038808
- eISBN:
- 9780252096761
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5406/illinois/9780252038808.003.0003
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
This chapter critiques the idea of Hawaiʻi as a “multicultural paradise” and the production of Local by examining the popular practice of ethnic humor. It argues that Hawaiʻi ethnic humor is a space ...
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This chapter critiques the idea of Hawaiʻi as a “multicultural paradise” and the production of Local by examining the popular practice of ethnic humor. It argues that Hawaiʻi ethnic humor is a space for the production of “Local knowledge(s)” and ideologies where identities are constructed and social order and racial hierarchy are enacted. It draws attention to the production of Local as a nonimmigrant identity, especially the ways in which Local comedians appropriate the voice of immigrant Filipinos through the use of Mock Filipino (or speaking English with a “Filipino accent”). Although understood as “innocent” and “harmless” joking in which “we can laugh at ourselves,” Hawaiʻi ethnic humor in general, and Mock Filipino in particular, simultaneously produce racially demeaning or “racially interested” discourses that uphold the positive self-image of Locals, especially their membership in Hawaiʻi's “racial paradise,” while lowering that of immigrant Filipinos.Less
This chapter critiques the idea of Hawaiʻi as a “multicultural paradise” and the production of Local by examining the popular practice of ethnic humor. It argues that Hawaiʻi ethnic humor is a space for the production of “Local knowledge(s)” and ideologies where identities are constructed and social order and racial hierarchy are enacted. It draws attention to the production of Local as a nonimmigrant identity, especially the ways in which Local comedians appropriate the voice of immigrant Filipinos through the use of Mock Filipino (or speaking English with a “Filipino accent”). Although understood as “innocent” and “harmless” joking in which “we can laugh at ourselves,” Hawaiʻi ethnic humor in general, and Mock Filipino in particular, simultaneously produce racially demeaning or “racially interested” discourses that uphold the positive self-image of Locals, especially their membership in Hawaiʻi's “racial paradise,” while lowering that of immigrant Filipinos.
Yen Le Espiritu
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- March 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780814772522
- eISBN:
- 9780814723814
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9780814772522.003.0008
- Subject:
- Sociology, Marriage and the Family
This chapter studies how immigration between the Philippines and the United States has altered men's and women's sexual lives. Focusing on Filipino immigrants, the chapter argues that, owing to the ...
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This chapter studies how immigration between the Philippines and the United States has altered men's and women's sexual lives. Focusing on Filipino immigrants, the chapter argues that, owing to the Philippines' neocolonial relationship with the United States, Filipinos “[have] been prepared by the thoroughly Americanized culture of the homeland” because they have encountered U.S. customs while still in the Philippines. However, Filipino immigrant parents have both constructed idealized notions of female chastity and relaxed rigid expectations for their children's behaviors. Furthermore, the perceived inflexible expectation of Filipina chastity is not only about reinforcing masculinist and patriarchal power but also about strengthening national and ethnic self-respect in light of the pervasive sexualization of Filipinas and other Asian women in the United States.Less
This chapter studies how immigration between the Philippines and the United States has altered men's and women's sexual lives. Focusing on Filipino immigrants, the chapter argues that, owing to the Philippines' neocolonial relationship with the United States, Filipinos “[have] been prepared by the thoroughly Americanized culture of the homeland” because they have encountered U.S. customs while still in the Philippines. However, Filipino immigrant parents have both constructed idealized notions of female chastity and relaxed rigid expectations for their children's behaviors. Furthermore, the perceived inflexible expectation of Filipina chastity is not only about reinforcing masculinist and patriarchal power but also about strengthening national and ethnic self-respect in light of the pervasive sexualization of Filipinas and other Asian women in the United States.
Anthony P. S. Guerrero, Ricardo Bayola, and Celia Ona
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- November 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780824835804
- eISBN:
- 9780824868529
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Hawai'i Press
- DOI:
- 10.21313/hawaii/9780824835804.003.0009
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Pacific Studies
This chapter discusses the context and history of Filipino migration to Hawaiʻi. Filipinos in Hawaiʻi are the product of waves of immigration initially borne out of American colonization and the ...
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This chapter discusses the context and history of Filipino migration to Hawaiʻi. Filipinos in Hawaiʻi are the product of waves of immigration initially borne out of American colonization and the social and historical contexts that surrounded them. In addition, Filipinos are a unique blend of many diverse cultures and influences, and this discussion emphasizes the significance of regional differences and regional pride among Filipinos. After presenting the more salient features of Filipino identity, this chapter goes on to discuss the Filipino ethnocultural identity in Hawaiʻi, proposing that the Filipinos of Hawaiʻi currently represent a diverse group, with a unique ethnocultural identity that maintains significant threads of continuity with traditional Filipino ethnocultural identity and that also reflects molding by the various social and historical forces that Filipino immigrants faced in the past 104 years, including the upward social mobility that likely drove much of the immigration.Less
This chapter discusses the context and history of Filipino migration to Hawaiʻi. Filipinos in Hawaiʻi are the product of waves of immigration initially borne out of American colonization and the social and historical contexts that surrounded them. In addition, Filipinos are a unique blend of many diverse cultures and influences, and this discussion emphasizes the significance of regional differences and regional pride among Filipinos. After presenting the more salient features of Filipino identity, this chapter goes on to discuss the Filipino ethnocultural identity in Hawaiʻi, proposing that the Filipinos of Hawaiʻi currently represent a diverse group, with a unique ethnocultural identity that maintains significant threads of continuity with traditional Filipino ethnocultural identity and that also reflects molding by the various social and historical forces that Filipino immigrants faced in the past 104 years, including the upward social mobility that likely drove much of the immigration.
Roderick N. Labrador
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- April 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780252038808
- eISBN:
- 9780252096761
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5406/illinois/9780252038808.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
Drawing on ten years of interviews and ethnographic and archival research, this book delves into the ways Filipinos in Hawaiʻi have balanced their pursuit of upward mobility and mainstream acceptance ...
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Drawing on ten years of interviews and ethnographic and archival research, this book delves into the ways Filipinos in Hawaiʻi have balanced their pursuit of upward mobility and mainstream acceptance with a desire to keep their Filipino identity. In particular, the book speaks to the processes of identity making and the politics of representation among immigrant communities striving to resist marginalization in a globalized, transnational era. Critiquing the popular image of Hawaiʻi as a postracial paradise, the book reveals how Filipino immigrants talk about their relationships to the place(s) they left and the place(s) where they've settled, and how these discourses shape their identities. It also shows how struggles for community empowerment and identity territorialization continue to affect how minority groups construct the stories they tell about themselves, to themselves and others. The book follows the struggles of contemporary Filipino immigrants to build community, where they enact a politics of incorporation built on race, ethnicity, class, culture, and language. It focuses on two sites of building and representation, the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa and the Filipino Community Center in Waipahu.Less
Drawing on ten years of interviews and ethnographic and archival research, this book delves into the ways Filipinos in Hawaiʻi have balanced their pursuit of upward mobility and mainstream acceptance with a desire to keep their Filipino identity. In particular, the book speaks to the processes of identity making and the politics of representation among immigrant communities striving to resist marginalization in a globalized, transnational era. Critiquing the popular image of Hawaiʻi as a postracial paradise, the book reveals how Filipino immigrants talk about their relationships to the place(s) they left and the place(s) where they've settled, and how these discourses shape their identities. It also shows how struggles for community empowerment and identity territorialization continue to affect how minority groups construct the stories they tell about themselves, to themselves and others. The book follows the struggles of contemporary Filipino immigrants to build community, where they enact a politics of incorporation built on race, ethnicity, class, culture, and language. It focuses on two sites of building and representation, the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa and the Filipino Community Center in Waipahu.
Roderick N. Labrador
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- April 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780252038808
- eISBN:
- 9780252096761
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5406/illinois/9780252038808.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
This concluding chapter revisits the idea of identity territorializations and their use in immigrant struggles for community empowerment. It asks what happens when “home”-making processes and ...
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This concluding chapter revisits the idea of identity territorializations and their use in immigrant struggles for community empowerment. It asks what happens when “home”-making processes and practices occur in someone else's “homeland.” Specifically, it examines how Filipino identity territorializations directly and indirectly engage indigeneity and local struggles for indigenous rights. Are Filipinos in Hawaiʻi one of the Asian settlers participating in the double colonialism of Hawaiʻi? How does engaging indigeneity shift our understandings of people, place, identity, and empowerment? What are the relationships between indigenous rights and immigrant rights? The chapter participates in broader conversations about settler colonialism but is also involved in more general discussions about the relationship between people, place, identity, and politics.Less
This concluding chapter revisits the idea of identity territorializations and their use in immigrant struggles for community empowerment. It asks what happens when “home”-making processes and practices occur in someone else's “homeland.” Specifically, it examines how Filipino identity territorializations directly and indirectly engage indigeneity and local struggles for indigenous rights. Are Filipinos in Hawaiʻi one of the Asian settlers participating in the double colonialism of Hawaiʻi? How does engaging indigeneity shift our understandings of people, place, identity, and empowerment? What are the relationships between indigenous rights and immigrant rights? The chapter participates in broader conversations about settler colonialism but is also involved in more general discussions about the relationship between people, place, identity, and politics.
Linda Pierce Allen
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- March 2014
- ISBN:
- 9781617032622
- eISBN:
- 9781617032639
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781617032622.003.0013
- Subject:
- History, Cultural History
This chapter examines the story of Filipinas in south Mississippi. The Filipino community in south Mississippi is largely a Filipina community, comprised mainly of first-generation Filipina immigrant ...
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This chapter examines the story of Filipinas in south Mississippi. The Filipino community in south Mississippi is largely a Filipina community, comprised mainly of first-generation Filipina immigrant women married to white American men. Scattered throughout rural Mississippi, these women managed to forge ties across distance, dialects, and provincial differences to create a community that would initially provide a social network, and eventually establish critical systems of support.Less
This chapter examines the story of Filipinas in south Mississippi. The Filipino community in south Mississippi is largely a Filipina community, comprised mainly of first-generation Filipina immigrant women married to white American men. Scattered throughout rural Mississippi, these women managed to forge ties across distance, dialects, and provincial differences to create a community that would initially provide a social network, and eventually establish critical systems of support.
Eleanor Ty
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- August 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780816665075
- eISBN:
- 9781452946368
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Minnesota Press
- DOI:
- 10.5749/minnesota/9780816665075.003.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Race and Ethnicity
This chapter examines two novels by Filipino American writers: Brian Ascalon Roley’s American Son and Han Ong’s Fixer Chao. These novels document the lives of Filipino immigrants facing prejudice, ...
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This chapter examines two novels by Filipino American writers: Brian Ascalon Roley’s American Son and Han Ong’s Fixer Chao. These novels document the lives of Filipino immigrants facing prejudice, racism, and alienation. They also reveal a number of common negative effects of globalization on young Filipino Americans: the overvalorization of and desire for wealth, First World products, and material goods; overdetermined and unattainable ideals based on Hollywood models of masculinity and beauty; and emotional and psychic transnationalism. The 1.5-generation children who grow up in these situations often resort to violence, fraud, and trickery in order to validate their sense of self, to gain acceptance into the dominant culture, and to obtain what they perceive to be the rewards of those who pursue the American dream.Less
This chapter examines two novels by Filipino American writers: Brian Ascalon Roley’s American Son and Han Ong’s Fixer Chao. These novels document the lives of Filipino immigrants facing prejudice, racism, and alienation. They also reveal a number of common negative effects of globalization on young Filipino Americans: the overvalorization of and desire for wealth, First World products, and material goods; overdetermined and unattainable ideals based on Hollywood models of masculinity and beauty; and emotional and psychic transnationalism. The 1.5-generation children who grow up in these situations often resort to violence, fraud, and trickery in order to validate their sense of self, to gain acceptance into the dominant culture, and to obtain what they perceive to be the rewards of those who pursue the American dream.
Jose V. Fuentecilla
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- April 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780252037580
- eISBN:
- 9780252095092
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5406/illinois/9780252037580.001.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Asian Studies
This book describes how Filipino exiles and immigrants in the United States played a crucial role in the grassroots revolution that overthrew the fourteen-year dictatorship of former president ...
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This book describes how Filipino exiles and immigrants in the United States played a crucial role in the grassroots revolution that overthrew the fourteen-year dictatorship of former president Ferdinand Marcos in the Philippines in 1986. A member of one of the major U.S.-based anti-Marcos movements, the author tells the story of how small groups of Filipino exiles—short on resources and shunned by some of their compatriots—overcame fear, apathy, and personal differences to form opposition organizations after Marcos's imposition of martial law and learned to lobby the U.S. government during the Cold War. In the process, the author draws from multiple hours of interviews with the principal activists, personal files of resistance leaders, and U.S. government records revealing the surveillance of the resistance by pro-Marcos White House administrations. The first full-length book to detail the history of U.S.-based opposition to the Marcos regime, it provides valuable lessons on how to persevere against a well-entrenched opponent.Less
This book describes how Filipino exiles and immigrants in the United States played a crucial role in the grassroots revolution that overthrew the fourteen-year dictatorship of former president Ferdinand Marcos in the Philippines in 1986. A member of one of the major U.S.-based anti-Marcos movements, the author tells the story of how small groups of Filipino exiles—short on resources and shunned by some of their compatriots—overcame fear, apathy, and personal differences to form opposition organizations after Marcos's imposition of martial law and learned to lobby the U.S. government during the Cold War. In the process, the author draws from multiple hours of interviews with the principal activists, personal files of resistance leaders, and U.S. government records revealing the surveillance of the resistance by pro-Marcos White House administrations. The first full-length book to detail the history of U.S.-based opposition to the Marcos regime, it provides valuable lessons on how to persevere against a well-entrenched opponent.
Antonio T. Tiongson
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- August 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780816679386
- eISBN:
- 9781452948416
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Minnesota Press
- DOI:
- 10.5749/minnesota/9780816679386.003.0003
- Subject:
- Literature, Film, Media, and Cultural Studies
This chapter presents interviews with Filipino American DJs based in San Francisco, namely Rygar, Rey-Jun, Statistix, Celskiii, Tease, One Tyme, and Soup-a-Crunk, and describes the nature of their ...
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This chapter presents interviews with Filipino American DJs based in San Francisco, namely Rygar, Rey-Jun, Statistix, Celskiii, Tease, One Tyme, and Soup-a-Crunk, and describes the nature of their engagement with DJing. Filipino youth involvement within DJing makes sense in relation to the cultural landscape of the Bay Area and the influx of Filipino immigrants working as professionals and highly skilled workers, such as nurses. The interview centers on a set of themes—what drew them to the culture, how they came up with their DJ names, relationship between Filipino culture and DJ culture, and how does DJing figure in their career plans. It also asks about how their family viewed their involvement in hip-hop as a way to accentuate the gendered dimensions of DJ culture, and looks into their take on the notion of hip-hop being an exclusive African American expressive form.Less
This chapter presents interviews with Filipino American DJs based in San Francisco, namely Rygar, Rey-Jun, Statistix, Celskiii, Tease, One Tyme, and Soup-a-Crunk, and describes the nature of their engagement with DJing. Filipino youth involvement within DJing makes sense in relation to the cultural landscape of the Bay Area and the influx of Filipino immigrants working as professionals and highly skilled workers, such as nurses. The interview centers on a set of themes—what drew them to the culture, how they came up with their DJ names, relationship between Filipino culture and DJ culture, and how does DJing figure in their career plans. It also asks about how their family viewed their involvement in hip-hop as a way to accentuate the gendered dimensions of DJ culture, and looks into their take on the notion of hip-hop being an exclusive African American expressive form.
