Gerald Gunther
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195377774
- eISBN:
- 9780199869374
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195377774.003.0013
- Subject:
- Law, Constitutional and Administrative Law, Legal History
This chapter details Learned Hand's final opportunity to be appointed to the Supreme Court. Hand's opportunity to attain a seat on the United States Supreme Court came in the fall of 1942, when he ...
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This chapter details Learned Hand's final opportunity to be appointed to the Supreme Court. Hand's opportunity to attain a seat on the United States Supreme Court came in the fall of 1942, when he was nearly seventy-one. The nation was embroiled in a war whose outcome was still uncertain. The pervasive domestic impact of the war effort touched even the composition of the Supreme Court that fall, when at the beginning of October, President Roosevelt persuaded James F. Byrnes to resign from the Court in order to become director of the Office of Economic Stabilization. With the new vacancy created by Byrnes' resignation, several friends of Hand, led by Felix Frankfurter and Charles C. Burlingham, launched a massive campaign to persuade President Roosevelt to name Hand to the Court. But on January 11, 1943, the White House announced that Wiley Rutledge of Iowa was the president's choice. Rutledge was twenty-two years younger than Hand, only forty-eight years old in 1943. For the rest of their lives, both Frankfurter and Burlingham were convinced that Hand was not named to the Supreme Court in 1942 solely because of Roosevelt's preoccupation with the age issue and the constraints imposed by the hobgoblin of consistency.Less
This chapter details Learned Hand's final opportunity to be appointed to the Supreme Court. Hand's opportunity to attain a seat on the United States Supreme Court came in the fall of 1942, when he was nearly seventy-one. The nation was embroiled in a war whose outcome was still uncertain. The pervasive domestic impact of the war effort touched even the composition of the Supreme Court that fall, when at the beginning of October, President Roosevelt persuaded James F. Byrnes to resign from the Court in order to become director of the Office of Economic Stabilization. With the new vacancy created by Byrnes' resignation, several friends of Hand, led by Felix Frankfurter and Charles C. Burlingham, launched a massive campaign to persuade President Roosevelt to name Hand to the Court. But on January 11, 1943, the White House announced that Wiley Rutledge of Iowa was the president's choice. Rutledge was twenty-two years younger than Hand, only forty-eight years old in 1943. For the rest of their lives, both Frankfurter and Burlingham were convinced that Hand was not named to the Supreme Court in 1942 solely because of Roosevelt's preoccupation with the age issue and the constraints imposed by the hobgoblin of consistency.
Evan Tsen Lee
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195340341
- eISBN:
- 9780199867240
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195340341.003.0005
- Subject:
- Law, Constitutional and Administrative Law
This chapter focuses on Brandeis's most prominent protégé, Felix Frankfurter, who assumed his seat on the Supreme Court in 1939. It shows how Frankfurter's qualms about the vigorous use of judicial ...
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This chapter focuses on Brandeis's most prominent protégé, Felix Frankfurter, who assumed his seat on the Supreme Court in 1939. It shows how Frankfurter's qualms about the vigorous use of judicial review were a product of deep professional indoctrination as well as political expediency.Less
This chapter focuses on Brandeis's most prominent protégé, Felix Frankfurter, who assumed his seat on the Supreme Court in 1939. It shows how Frankfurter's qualms about the vigorous use of judicial review were a product of deep professional indoctrination as well as political expediency.
Tracey Maclin
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199795475
- eISBN:
- 9780199979684
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199795475.003.0010
- Subject:
- Law, Criminal Law and Criminology, Human Rights and Immigration
The effect of Weeks and Silverthorne Lumber was that evidence obtained from an unreasonable search and seizure could not be used in a federal prosecution. This judgment—that the exclusionary rule is ...
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The effect of Weeks and Silverthorne Lumber was that evidence obtained from an unreasonable search and seizure could not be used in a federal prosecution. This judgment—that the exclusionary rule is part and parcel of the protection provided by the Fourth Amendment—would go unchallenged for nearly thirty years. The Weeks–Silverthorne Lumber interpretation of the amendment, however, vanished with the 1949 ruling in Wolf v. Colorado. This chapter examines Wolf v. Colorado and Felix Frankfurter's opinion in the case. After Wolf, a majority of the Court would never again embrace the Weeks–Silverthorne Lumber conclusion that the Fourth Amendment mandates the exclusion of evidence acquired through unreasonable searches and seizures.Less
The effect of Weeks and Silverthorne Lumber was that evidence obtained from an unreasonable search and seizure could not be used in a federal prosecution. This judgment—that the exclusionary rule is part and parcel of the protection provided by the Fourth Amendment—would go unchallenged for nearly thirty years. The Weeks–Silverthorne Lumber interpretation of the amendment, however, vanished with the 1949 ruling in Wolf v. Colorado. This chapter examines Wolf v. Colorado and Felix Frankfurter's opinion in the case. After Wolf, a majority of the Court would never again embrace the Weeks–Silverthorne Lumber conclusion that the Fourth Amendment mandates the exclusion of evidence acquired through unreasonable searches and seizures.
Lawrence S. Wrightsman
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- May 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780195368628
- eISBN:
- 9780199867554
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195368628.003.0006
- Subject:
- Psychology, Forensic Psychology
The case of Brown v. Board of Education (1954) is used as an example of the role of the oral arguments in deciding a case. A chronology of the case's development is provided. Excerpts from the oral ...
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The case of Brown v. Board of Education (1954) is used as an example of the role of the oral arguments in deciding a case. A chronology of the case's development is provided. Excerpts from the oral arguments are used to illustrate the thinking of the justices. The impact of the oral arguments on the eventual decision is evaluated.Less
The case of Brown v. Board of Education (1954) is used as an example of the role of the oral arguments in deciding a case. A chronology of the case's development is provided. Excerpts from the oral arguments are used to illustrate the thinking of the justices. The impact of the oral arguments on the eventual decision is evaluated.
Constance Jordan
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- April 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780199899104
- eISBN:
- 9780190260132
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199899104.003.0004
- Subject:
- Law, Legal History
News of Holmes's retirement and Franklin Roosevelt's election opens this chapter's correspondence. Felix Frankfurter worries about how the nation's wealth and resources are distributed, and Hand ...
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News of Holmes's retirement and Franklin Roosevelt's election opens this chapter's correspondence. Felix Frankfurter worries about how the nation's wealth and resources are distributed, and Hand alludes to the advent of National Socialism in Germany and of Communism in the Soviet Union. The interpretation of statutes leads Hand to articulate the seminal dictum of the sixteenth-century English common lawyer Edmund Plowden. In his subsequent essays, Hand considers Plowden's instruction with increasing emphasis on the role of the judicial imagination in reconstructing the legislative event. Letters to Bernard Berenson reveal Hand's fascination with the cultural landscapes of Italy. Letters to Louis Henkin, Hand's former clerk, reveal the vast distance that actually separates Hand from the war in Europe. The correspondence of this period ends with letters to and from Judge Henry T. Lummus of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts.Less
News of Holmes's retirement and Franklin Roosevelt's election opens this chapter's correspondence. Felix Frankfurter worries about how the nation's wealth and resources are distributed, and Hand alludes to the advent of National Socialism in Germany and of Communism in the Soviet Union. The interpretation of statutes leads Hand to articulate the seminal dictum of the sixteenth-century English common lawyer Edmund Plowden. In his subsequent essays, Hand considers Plowden's instruction with increasing emphasis on the role of the judicial imagination in reconstructing the legislative event. Letters to Bernard Berenson reveal Hand's fascination with the cultural landscapes of Italy. Letters to Louis Henkin, Hand's former clerk, reveal the vast distance that actually separates Hand from the war in Europe. The correspondence of this period ends with letters to and from Judge Henry T. Lummus of the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts.
Constance Jordan
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- April 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780199899104
- eISBN:
- 9780190260132
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199899104.003.0002
- Subject:
- Law, Legal History
This chapter examines Hand's correspondence from 1909 to 1920, showing his investment in the politics of the nation and his engagement with the policies of the European powers. His letters to ...
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This chapter examines Hand's correspondence from 1909 to 1920, showing his investment in the politics of the nation and his engagement with the policies of the European powers. His letters to Theodore Roosevelt on the Progressive movement convey both his hopes and despair that its programs of reform can be realized. His letters to Herbert Croly and his magazine, The New Republic, show how both Croly and the magazine lose force and credibility. In 1911, Hand opens his life-long correspondence with Felix Frankfurter by outlining the dangers of judicial review. In his first letter to Oliver Wendell Holmes, Holmes allows Hand to confront his own Puritan inheritance. In Hand's response to the government's challenge to Max Eastman, he begins his efforts to interpret the First Amendment law.Less
This chapter examines Hand's correspondence from 1909 to 1920, showing his investment in the politics of the nation and his engagement with the policies of the European powers. His letters to Theodore Roosevelt on the Progressive movement convey both his hopes and despair that its programs of reform can be realized. His letters to Herbert Croly and his magazine, The New Republic, show how both Croly and the magazine lose force and credibility. In 1911, Hand opens his life-long correspondence with Felix Frankfurter by outlining the dangers of judicial review. In his first letter to Oliver Wendell Holmes, Holmes allows Hand to confront his own Puritan inheritance. In Hand's response to the government's challenge to Max Eastman, he begins his efforts to interpret the First Amendment law.
Daniel R. Ernst
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- June 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199920860
- eISBN:
- 9780199377206
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199920860.003.0002
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
One of the few Americans who looked to the European continent not just for programs to address the social ills of capitalism but also to constrain administrators was the German-educated law professor ...
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One of the few Americans who looked to the European continent not just for programs to address the social ills of capitalism but also to constrain administrators was the German-educated law professor Ernst Freund. A trusted advisor to Chicago’s reformers, Freund believed that America was a Rechtsstaat, in which bright-line rules distinguished legitimate from illegitimate administrative action. Most legal progressives believed instead that administrative discretion was inevitable and desirable. Their leader, the Harvard law professor Felix Frankfurter, revealed their disagreement when he and Freund jointly directed legal studies of agencies financed by the Commonwealth Fund. One monograph, by Gerard Henderson on the Federal Trade Commission, influentially argued that an agency’s authority turned on the quality of its findings of fact. By 1932, Frankfurter had prevailed. Henceforth reformers would look not to Continental Europe but to the common-law tradition for a rule of law better suited to American politics.Less
One of the few Americans who looked to the European continent not just for programs to address the social ills of capitalism but also to constrain administrators was the German-educated law professor Ernst Freund. A trusted advisor to Chicago’s reformers, Freund believed that America was a Rechtsstaat, in which bright-line rules distinguished legitimate from illegitimate administrative action. Most legal progressives believed instead that administrative discretion was inevitable and desirable. Their leader, the Harvard law professor Felix Frankfurter, revealed their disagreement when he and Freund jointly directed legal studies of agencies financed by the Commonwealth Fund. One monograph, by Gerard Henderson on the Federal Trade Commission, influentially argued that an agency’s authority turned on the quality of its findings of fact. By 1932, Frankfurter had prevailed. Henceforth reformers would look not to Continental Europe but to the common-law tradition for a rule of law better suited to American politics.
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- March 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226428840
- eISBN:
- 9780226428864
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226428864.003.0002
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
This chapter describes the new constitutional foundations marked out by three especially influential New Deal appointees, Felix Frankfurter, Harlan Fiske Stone, and Hugo Black. The justices faced a ...
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This chapter describes the new constitutional foundations marked out by three especially influential New Deal appointees, Felix Frankfurter, Harlan Fiske Stone, and Hugo Black. The justices faced a key choice point with a number of alternative visions of the judicial role available to them, during the immediate post-New Deal period. After the New Deal “switch in time,” Roosevelt sought to consolidate the new constitutional order by making a series of what Bruce Ackerman (1998) has called “transformative judicial appointments.” Though Black and Frankfurter would continue the First Amendment debate in the years to come, but their principal conflict during 1940 centered on whether the Court should apply the original Bill of Rights to the states.Less
This chapter describes the new constitutional foundations marked out by three especially influential New Deal appointees, Felix Frankfurter, Harlan Fiske Stone, and Hugo Black. The justices faced a key choice point with a number of alternative visions of the judicial role available to them, during the immediate post-New Deal period. After the New Deal “switch in time,” Roosevelt sought to consolidate the new constitutional order by making a series of what Bruce Ackerman (1998) has called “transformative judicial appointments.” Though Black and Frankfurter would continue the First Amendment debate in the years to come, but their principal conflict during 1940 centered on whether the Court should apply the original Bill of Rights to the states.
Steven K. Green
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780190908140
- eISBN:
- 9780190908171
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190908140.003.0003
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society, Religious Studies
This chapter examines the legal controversies and cases that provided the background for the modern Court’s early church–state cases. It pays particular attention to the activities and litigation ...
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This chapter examines the legal controversies and cases that provided the background for the modern Court’s early church–state cases. It pays particular attention to the activities and litigation involving Jehovah’s Witnesses—canvassing and flag-salute controversies—and how those cases impacted the justices’ thinking about church and state. Although representing distinct constitutional issues, the Witnesses’ free exercise and free speech claims laid the groundwork for the Court’s Establishment Clause decisions. The chapter then examines Protestant–Catholic relations during the war years and the church–state controversies that arose in its immediate aftermath. These events set the stage for the Court’s holdings in Everson and McCollum.Less
This chapter examines the legal controversies and cases that provided the background for the modern Court’s early church–state cases. It pays particular attention to the activities and litigation involving Jehovah’s Witnesses—canvassing and flag-salute controversies—and how those cases impacted the justices’ thinking about church and state. Although representing distinct constitutional issues, the Witnesses’ free exercise and free speech claims laid the groundwork for the Court’s Establishment Clause decisions. The chapter then examines Protestant–Catholic relations during the war years and the church–state controversies that arose in its immediate aftermath. These events set the stage for the Court’s holdings in Everson and McCollum.
Marion Elizabeth Rodgers
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195072389
- eISBN:
- 9780199787982
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195072389.003.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, 19th-century and Victorian Literature
This Prologue sets the theme for the entire book: the issue of freedom. It presents a scene, captured during a pivotal moment in Mencken's career when, at the height of his popularity, he was ...
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This Prologue sets the theme for the entire book: the issue of freedom. It presents a scene, captured during a pivotal moment in Mencken's career when, at the height of his popularity, he was arrested in Boston in 1926 or selling a copy of his censored magazine, The American Mercury.Less
This Prologue sets the theme for the entire book: the issue of freedom. It presents a scene, captured during a pivotal moment in Mencken's career when, at the height of his popularity, he was arrested in Boston in 1926 or selling a copy of his censored magazine, The American Mercury.
Robert M. Lichtman
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- April 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780252037009
- eISBN:
- 9780252094125
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5406/illinois/9780252037009.001.0001
- Subject:
- Law, Legal History
This book provides a comprehensive history of the U.S. Supreme Court’s decisions in “Communist” cases during the McCarthy era. The book shows the Court’s vulnerability to public criticism and attacks ...
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This book provides a comprehensive history of the U.S. Supreme Court’s decisions in “Communist” cases during the McCarthy era. The book shows the Court’s vulnerability to public criticism and attacks by the elected branches during periods of political repression. The book describes every Communist-related decision of the era (none is omitted), placing them in the context of political events and revealing the range and intrusiveness of McCarthy-era repression. Demonstrating keen insight into the Supreme Court’s inner workings and making extensive use of the justices’ papers, the book examines the dynamics of the Court’s changes in direction and the relationships and rivalries among its justices, including such towering figures as Hugo Black, Felix Frankfurter, Earl Warren, William O. Douglas, and William J. Brennan, Jr.Less
This book provides a comprehensive history of the U.S. Supreme Court’s decisions in “Communist” cases during the McCarthy era. The book shows the Court’s vulnerability to public criticism and attacks by the elected branches during periods of political repression. The book describes every Communist-related decision of the era (none is omitted), placing them in the context of political events and revealing the range and intrusiveness of McCarthy-era repression. Demonstrating keen insight into the Supreme Court’s inner workings and making extensive use of the justices’ papers, the book examines the dynamics of the Court’s changes in direction and the relationships and rivalries among its justices, including such towering figures as Hugo Black, Felix Frankfurter, Earl Warren, William O. Douglas, and William J. Brennan, Jr.
Mel A. Topf
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199756766
- eISBN:
- 9780199918898
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199756766.003.0006
- Subject:
- Law, Constitutional and Administrative Law
This concluding chapter argues that advisory opinions have contributed to politicization of the judiciary and to the eclipse of civic debate. Both have long been complaints about advisory opinion ...
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This concluding chapter argues that advisory opinions have contributed to politicization of the judiciary and to the eclipse of civic debate. Both have long been complaints about advisory opinion jurisdiction, prominently in a 1924 article by Felix Frankfurter. The politicization and eclipse has been aggravated in recent years by the adoption in some advisory opinion jurisdictions of a public importance exception, by which the advising justices waive their own restrictions on rendering advice. The exception is so vaguely and loosely applied that it threatens to devour the restrictions altogether. With the failure of the nonbinding doctrine (discussed in Chapter 5), together with the public importance exception sabotaging the restrictions on issuing advisory opinions, the advising justices are increasingly free to impose “advice” on legislatures and governors without limit. This contributes, this chapter argues, to the politicization of the judiciary and to the withdrawal of political issues from the civic realm, resulting in a substantial contribution to the growth of judicial supremacy.Less
This concluding chapter argues that advisory opinions have contributed to politicization of the judiciary and to the eclipse of civic debate. Both have long been complaints about advisory opinion jurisdiction, prominently in a 1924 article by Felix Frankfurter. The politicization and eclipse has been aggravated in recent years by the adoption in some advisory opinion jurisdictions of a public importance exception, by which the advising justices waive their own restrictions on rendering advice. The exception is so vaguely and loosely applied that it threatens to devour the restrictions altogether. With the failure of the nonbinding doctrine (discussed in Chapter 5), together with the public importance exception sabotaging the restrictions on issuing advisory opinions, the advising justices are increasingly free to impose “advice” on legislatures and governors without limit. This contributes, this chapter argues, to the politicization of the judiciary and to the withdrawal of political issues from the civic realm, resulting in a substantial contribution to the growth of judicial supremacy.
Richard A. Shweder
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- November 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780231168809
- eISBN:
- 9780231538794
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231168809.003.0010
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Moral Philosophy
This chapter examines academic freedom at the University of Chicago, which proudly thinks of itself as a Socratic, free-thinking, and contentious institution. More specifically, it considers the ...
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This chapter examines academic freedom at the University of Chicago, which proudly thinks of itself as a Socratic, free-thinking, and contentious institution. More specifically, it considers the antiquarian view of academic freedom associated with two constitutional conservatives, both of them famous for their advocacy of judicial restraint: Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter and his former law clerk Alexander Bickel. The chapter explores the ancient Socratic ideal of freedom of thought and the application of the methods of critical reason as the ultimate ends of academic life. It also discusses the University of Chicago's conception of academic freedom as articulated in the Kalven committee report and whether faculty and administrative governance is a threat to academic freedom. It suggests that what makes a great university great is its commitment and willingness to nurture and protect the ardor and fearlessness of autonomous minds to follow the argument where it leads regardless of moral, political, or commercial interests or popular opinion.Less
This chapter examines academic freedom at the University of Chicago, which proudly thinks of itself as a Socratic, free-thinking, and contentious institution. More specifically, it considers the antiquarian view of academic freedom associated with two constitutional conservatives, both of them famous for their advocacy of judicial restraint: Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter and his former law clerk Alexander Bickel. The chapter explores the ancient Socratic ideal of freedom of thought and the application of the methods of critical reason as the ultimate ends of academic life. It also discusses the University of Chicago's conception of academic freedom as articulated in the Kalven committee report and whether faculty and administrative governance is a threat to academic freedom. It suggests that what makes a great university great is its commitment and willingness to nurture and protect the ardor and fearlessness of autonomous minds to follow the argument where it leads regardless of moral, political, or commercial interests or popular opinion.
Robert M. Lichtman
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- April 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780252037009
- eISBN:
- 9780252094125
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5406/illinois/9780252037009.003.0009
- Subject:
- Law, Legal History
This chapter discusses the U.S. Supreme Court’s decisions during its October 1958 and 1959 terms. The most important decisions were Barenblatt v. United States and Uphaus v. Wyman, in which the Court ...
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This chapter discusses the U.S. Supreme Court’s decisions during its October 1958 and 1959 terms. The most important decisions were Barenblatt v. United States and Uphaus v. Wyman, in which the Court decided in the government’s favor a constitutional issue it had nibbled at, but avoided deciding, for years: whether legislative committees may, consistent with the First Amendment, compel witnesses to disclose “Communist” associations. Barenblatt was another House Un-American Activities Committee contempt-of-Congress case, and, as in earlier cases, nonconstitutional issues were also presented. But this time the Court chose to decide on constitutional grounds. Uphaus seemed indistinguishable from Sweezy (it involved a New Hampshire adult-camp director’s refusal to provide information to Louis Wyman’s one-man committee). But Chief Justice Harlan F. Stone, who in Sweezy joined Felix Frankfurter in a concurring opinion that sustained the witness’ refusal to answer on First Amendment grounds, wrote for the Court in Uphaus reaching the opposite result.Less
This chapter discusses the U.S. Supreme Court’s decisions during its October 1958 and 1959 terms. The most important decisions were Barenblatt v. United States and Uphaus v. Wyman, in which the Court decided in the government’s favor a constitutional issue it had nibbled at, but avoided deciding, for years: whether legislative committees may, consistent with the First Amendment, compel witnesses to disclose “Communist” associations. Barenblatt was another House Un-American Activities Committee contempt-of-Congress case, and, as in earlier cases, nonconstitutional issues were also presented. But this time the Court chose to decide on constitutional grounds. Uphaus seemed indistinguishable from Sweezy (it involved a New Hampshire adult-camp director’s refusal to provide information to Louis Wyman’s one-man committee). But Chief Justice Harlan F. Stone, who in Sweezy joined Felix Frankfurter in a concurring opinion that sustained the witness’ refusal to answer on First Amendment grounds, wrote for the Court in Uphaus reaching the opposite result.
Constance Jordan (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- April 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780199899104
- eISBN:
- 9780190260132
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199899104.001.0001
- Subject:
- Law, Legal History
Judge Learned Hand is an icon of American Law. Though he was never nominated to the United States highest court, Hand is nevertheless more frequently quoted by legal scholars and in Supreme Court ...
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Judge Learned Hand is an icon of American Law. Though he was never nominated to the United States highest court, Hand is nevertheless more frequently quoted by legal scholars and in Supreme Court decisions than any other lower court judge in U.S. history. He was the model for all judges who followed him, setting the standard for the bench with a matchless combination of legal brilliance and vast cultural sophistication. Hand was also renowned as a superb writer. This book offers a sampling of the correspondence between Hand and an array of intellectual and legal giants, including Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes, Theodore Roosevelt, Walter Lippmann, Felix Frankfurter, Bernard Berenson, and many other prominent political and philosophical thinkers. The letters—many of which have never been published before—cover almost half a century; often taking the form of brief essays on current events, usually seen through the prism of their historical moment. They reflect Hand's engagement with the issues of the day, ranging from the aftermath of World War I and the League of Nations, the effects of the Depression in the United States, the rise of fascism and the outbreak World War II, McCarthyism, and the Supreme Court's decisions on segregation, among many other topics. Equally important, the letters showcase decades of penetrating and original thought on the major themes of American jurisprudence, particularly key interpretations of the First, Fifth, and Fourteenth Amendments, and will thus be invaluable to those interested in legal issues.Less
Judge Learned Hand is an icon of American Law. Though he was never nominated to the United States highest court, Hand is nevertheless more frequently quoted by legal scholars and in Supreme Court decisions than any other lower court judge in U.S. history. He was the model for all judges who followed him, setting the standard for the bench with a matchless combination of legal brilliance and vast cultural sophistication. Hand was also renowned as a superb writer. This book offers a sampling of the correspondence between Hand and an array of intellectual and legal giants, including Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes, Theodore Roosevelt, Walter Lippmann, Felix Frankfurter, Bernard Berenson, and many other prominent political and philosophical thinkers. The letters—many of which have never been published before—cover almost half a century; often taking the form of brief essays on current events, usually seen through the prism of their historical moment. They reflect Hand's engagement with the issues of the day, ranging from the aftermath of World War I and the League of Nations, the effects of the Depression in the United States, the rise of fascism and the outbreak World War II, McCarthyism, and the Supreme Court's decisions on segregation, among many other topics. Equally important, the letters showcase decades of penetrating and original thought on the major themes of American jurisprudence, particularly key interpretations of the First, Fifth, and Fourteenth Amendments, and will thus be invaluable to those interested in legal issues.
Michele Pifferi
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780198743217
- eISBN:
- 9780191803079
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198743217.003.0009
- Subject:
- Law, Criminal Law and Criminology
The chapter explores how the shift from retributive to preventive justice affected the constitutional balance between judicial and administrative sentencing powers. After analysing the Spanish law ...
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The chapter explores how the shift from retributive to preventive justice affected the constitutional balance between judicial and administrative sentencing powers. After analysing the Spanish law framed by De Asúa on the dangerousness without crime, it compares the European solution of the measures of security with the US indeterminate sentence system, stressing the European attitude in favour of judicial sentencing jurisdiction. It examines the growth of penal administrative powers in the United States, focusing on the shift from legal rules to legal standards in sentencing discussed by Roscoe Pound, Felix Frankfurter, and Sheldon Glueck, and then describes the hybrid system of penal/administrative security measures provided for by the 1930 Italian Fascist Code. The chapter finally investigates the different positions on the powers of the judge in the sentencing phase debated at the Berlin Congress in 1930 and the ambiguities of the dual-track system.Less
The chapter explores how the shift from retributive to preventive justice affected the constitutional balance between judicial and administrative sentencing powers. After analysing the Spanish law framed by De Asúa on the dangerousness without crime, it compares the European solution of the measures of security with the US indeterminate sentence system, stressing the European attitude in favour of judicial sentencing jurisdiction. It examines the growth of penal administrative powers in the United States, focusing on the shift from legal rules to legal standards in sentencing discussed by Roscoe Pound, Felix Frankfurter, and Sheldon Glueck, and then describes the hybrid system of penal/administrative security measures provided for by the 1930 Italian Fascist Code. The chapter finally investigates the different positions on the powers of the judge in the sentencing phase debated at the Berlin Congress in 1930 and the ambiguities of the dual-track system.
Peter Charles Hoffer
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- September 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780226614281
- eISBN:
- 9780226614458
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226614458.003.0009
- Subject:
- Law, Legal History
This concluding section asks whether the Civil Rights revolution should be seen as a legal or as a political movement. It assesses the impact of that movement on the careers and reputations of judges ...
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This concluding section asks whether the Civil Rights revolution should be seen as a legal or as a political movement. It assesses the impact of that movement on the careers and reputations of judges and justices like Earl Warren, Felix Frankfurter, Frank Johnson Jr., and Elbert Tuttle, state politicians like Richard Russell, John Patterson, and Richard Ervin, and academics like Alexander Bickel, Derrick Bell, and Herbert Wechsler. Finally, it weighs issues raised by judicial review, the "countermajoritarian dilemma" and the role of lawyers in political life.Less
This concluding section asks whether the Civil Rights revolution should be seen as a legal or as a political movement. It assesses the impact of that movement on the careers and reputations of judges and justices like Earl Warren, Felix Frankfurter, Frank Johnson Jr., and Elbert Tuttle, state politicians like Richard Russell, John Patterson, and Richard Ervin, and academics like Alexander Bickel, Derrick Bell, and Herbert Wechsler. Finally, it weighs issues raised by judicial review, the "countermajoritarian dilemma" and the role of lawyers in political life.
Constance Jordan
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- April 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780199899104
- eISBN:
- 9780190260132
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199899104.003.0006
- Subject:
- Law, Legal History
This epilogue presents letters written in the last three years of Judge Learned Hand's life. At the end of his life, the main features of Hand's character reveal him to be the double that Felix ...
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This epilogue presents letters written in the last three years of Judge Learned Hand's life. At the end of his life, the main features of Hand's character reveal him to be the double that Felix Frankfurter repeatedly identifies throughout their correspondence. The first represents the puritan with a humorous skepticism who continues to check on the truth of what he is told, even if that describes his own qualities as a person. The second represents the pagan with a dedicated passion for duty who continues to embrace the obligations he has always maintained, whatever the conditions in which he must perform them.Less
This epilogue presents letters written in the last three years of Judge Learned Hand's life. At the end of his life, the main features of Hand's character reveal him to be the double that Felix Frankfurter repeatedly identifies throughout their correspondence. The first represents the puritan with a humorous skepticism who continues to check on the truth of what he is told, even if that describes his own qualities as a person. The second represents the pagan with a dedicated passion for duty who continues to embrace the obligations he has always maintained, whatever the conditions in which he must perform them.
Harry N. Scheiber and Jane L. Scheiber
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- November 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780824852887
- eISBN:
- 9780824868727
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Hawai'i Press
- DOI:
- 10.21313/hawaii/9780824852887.003.0018
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Pacific Studies
Duncan v. Kahanamoku was joined for adjudication in the U.S. Supreme Court by White v. Steer, the parallel case of a stockbroker who had been given a heavy provost court sentence for embezzlement. ...
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Duncan v. Kahanamoku was joined for adjudication in the U.S. Supreme Court by White v. Steer, the parallel case of a stockbroker who had been given a heavy provost court sentence for embezzlement. Argument was scheduled for December 1945, that is, after the end of the Pacific war—and, ominously for the Army, after the high court had recently ruled against the government and the “military necessity” argument in the Endo case, ordering unconditional release of a Japanese American woman being held by the authorities in a mainland camp. The Court’s decision came down in March 1946, ruling against the Army, finding the use of provost courts and takeover of the judicial powers while barring review by the federal courts as being in violation of the Hawai’i Organic Act. In a concurring opinion, Justice Frank Murphy strongly condemned the Army’s contention that the presence of so many ethnic Japanese in Hawai`i constituted a security threat warranting its strict regime; dissenting justices reiterated the rationale of the Japanese-American Cases: that it was “their business, not ours,” when the military in wartime decided that emergency conditions warranted curtailment of liberties.Less
Duncan v. Kahanamoku was joined for adjudication in the U.S. Supreme Court by White v. Steer, the parallel case of a stockbroker who had been given a heavy provost court sentence for embezzlement. Argument was scheduled for December 1945, that is, after the end of the Pacific war—and, ominously for the Army, after the high court had recently ruled against the government and the “military necessity” argument in the Endo case, ordering unconditional release of a Japanese American woman being held by the authorities in a mainland camp. The Court’s decision came down in March 1946, ruling against the Army, finding the use of provost courts and takeover of the judicial powers while barring review by the federal courts as being in violation of the Hawai’i Organic Act. In a concurring opinion, Justice Frank Murphy strongly condemned the Army’s contention that the presence of so many ethnic Japanese in Hawai`i constituted a security threat warranting its strict regime; dissenting justices reiterated the rationale of the Japanese-American Cases: that it was “their business, not ours,” when the military in wartime decided that emergency conditions warranted curtailment of liberties.
Anat Helman
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780190265427
- eISBN:
- 9780190461935
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190265427.003.0025
- Subject:
- Religion, Judaism
This chapter presents Gerald Sorin’s biography of Howard Fast, a renowned American novelist, to discuss Fast’s act of plagiarism. The book, Howard Fast: Life and Literature in the Left Lane, states ...
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This chapter presents Gerald Sorin’s biography of Howard Fast, a renowned American novelist, to discuss Fast’s act of plagiarism. The book, Howard Fast: Life and Literature in the Left Lane, states that Fast became one of the most prolific American novelists, making hundred million copies of novels in the twentieth century. However, it emphasizes that part of the novelist’s success was his way of plagiarizing other authors. For instance, Sorin claims that the fictionalized biography of Governor John Peter Altgeld, The American (1946), was drawn heavily upon Harry Barnard’s biography, Eagle Forgotten without attribution. Also, Fast’s novel The Passion of Sacco and Vanzetti is derived from Felix Frankfurter’s famous exposè of procedural flaws in the cause célèbre of the 1920s. The chapter concludes that Sorin has made good use of all his resources and that he forthrightly exposes the novelist’s tortuous relation to his own Jewish identity.Less
This chapter presents Gerald Sorin’s biography of Howard Fast, a renowned American novelist, to discuss Fast’s act of plagiarism. The book, Howard Fast: Life and Literature in the Left Lane, states that Fast became one of the most prolific American novelists, making hundred million copies of novels in the twentieth century. However, it emphasizes that part of the novelist’s success was his way of plagiarizing other authors. For instance, Sorin claims that the fictionalized biography of Governor John Peter Altgeld, The American (1946), was drawn heavily upon Harry Barnard’s biography, Eagle Forgotten without attribution. Also, Fast’s novel The Passion of Sacco and Vanzetti is derived from Felix Frankfurter’s famous exposè of procedural flaws in the cause célèbre of the 1920s. The chapter concludes that Sorin has made good use of all his resources and that he forthrightly exposes the novelist’s tortuous relation to his own Jewish identity.
