Robert Wyatt and John Andrew Johnson
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195327113
- eISBN:
- 9780199851249
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195327113.003.0019
- Subject:
- Music, Popular
This chapter presents an excerpt from Alec Wilder's 1972 book titled American Popular Song: The Great Innovators. This book is about the successful opening the musical Tip-Toes in December 1925, ...
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This chapter presents an excerpt from Alec Wilder's 1972 book titled American Popular Song: The Great Innovators. This book is about the successful opening the musical Tip-Toes in December 1925, which was written by George and Ira Gershwin. Wilder compares the show to other musicals and suggestes that it had the most excellent opening number in the song The Certain Feeling and the most number of memorable hit songs including Looking for a Boy, Sweet and Low-Down, and Nice Baby!. He also describes the uniqueness of George's compositions.Less
This chapter presents an excerpt from Alec Wilder's 1972 book titled American Popular Song: The Great Innovators. This book is about the successful opening the musical Tip-Toes in December 1925, which was written by George and Ira Gershwin. Wilder compares the show to other musicals and suggestes that it had the most excellent opening number in the song The Certain Feeling and the most number of memorable hit songs including Looking for a Boy, Sweet and Low-Down, and Nice Baby!. He also describes the uniqueness of George's compositions.
Lieve Van Hoof
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199583263
- eISBN:
- 9780191723131
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199583263.001.0001
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Ancient Greek, Roman, and Early Christian Philosophy
The Second Sophistic was a time of intense competition for honour and status. Like today, this often caused mental as well as physical stress for the elite of the Roman Empire. This book studies ...
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The Second Sophistic was a time of intense competition for honour and status. Like today, this often caused mental as well as physical stress for the elite of the Roman Empire. This book studies Plutarch's practical ethics, a group of twenty-odd texts within the Moralia designed to help powerful Greeks and Romans manage their ambitions and society's expectations successfully. According to Plutarch (c. AD 45–120), the key for a happy life lies with philosophy, yet instead of advancing philosophical values as an alternative for worldly ambitions, as did other philosophers, he presents philosophy as a way towards distinction and success in imperial society. By thus subtly redefining what elite culture should be like, Plutarch also firmly establishes himself as an intellectual and cultural authority. This book combines a systematic analysis of the general principles underlying Plutarch's practical ethics, including the author's target readership, therapeutical practices, and self-presentation, with innovative interpretations of five case studies (On Feeling Good, On Exile, On Talkativeress, On Cuiusity, Precepts of Health Care). A picture emerges of philosophy under the Roman Empire not as a set of abstract, theoretical doctrines, but as a kind of symbolic capital engendering power and prestige for author and reader alike. Transcending the boundaries between literature, social history, and philosophy, Van Hoof makes a strong case for the pertinence and vitality of this often neglected group of texts, and incisively shows Plutarch to be not just a philanthropic adviser, but also a sophisticated author strategically manipulating his own cultural capital in pursuit of influence and glory.Less
The Second Sophistic was a time of intense competition for honour and status. Like today, this often caused mental as well as physical stress for the elite of the Roman Empire. This book studies Plutarch's practical ethics, a group of twenty-odd texts within the Moralia designed to help powerful Greeks and Romans manage their ambitions and society's expectations successfully. According to Plutarch (c. AD 45–120), the key for a happy life lies with philosophy, yet instead of advancing philosophical values as an alternative for worldly ambitions, as did other philosophers, he presents philosophy as a way towards distinction and success in imperial society. By thus subtly redefining what elite culture should be like, Plutarch also firmly establishes himself as an intellectual and cultural authority. This book combines a systematic analysis of the general principles underlying Plutarch's practical ethics, including the author's target readership, therapeutical practices, and self-presentation, with innovative interpretations of five case studies (On Feeling Good, On Exile, On Talkativeress, On Cuiusity, Precepts of Health Care). A picture emerges of philosophy under the Roman Empire not as a set of abstract, theoretical doctrines, but as a kind of symbolic capital engendering power and prestige for author and reader alike. Transcending the boundaries between literature, social history, and philosophy, Van Hoof makes a strong case for the pertinence and vitality of this often neglected group of texts, and incisively shows Plutarch to be not just a philanthropic adviser, but also a sophisticated author strategically manipulating his own cultural capital in pursuit of influence and glory.
Simon Mussell
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781526105707
- eISBN:
- 9781526132253
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9781526105707.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Political Philosophy
The book provides a new perspective on the early work of the Frankfurt School, by focusing on the vital role that affect and feeling play in the development of critical theory. Building on ...
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The book provides a new perspective on the early work of the Frankfurt School, by focusing on the vital role that affect and feeling play in the development of critical theory. Building on contemporary theories of affect, the author argues that any renewal of critical theory today must have an affective politics at its core. If one’s aim is to effectively theorize, criticize, and ultimately transform existing social relations, then a strictly rationalist model of political thought remains inadequate. In many respects, this flies in the face of predominant forms of political philosophy, which have long upheld reason and rationality as sole proprietors of political legitimacy. Critical theory and feeling shows how the work of the early Frankfurt School offers a dynamic and necessary corrective to the excesses of formalized reason. Studying a range of themes – from melancholia, unhappiness, and hope, to mimesis, affect, and objects – this book provides a radical rethinking of critical theory for our times.Less
The book provides a new perspective on the early work of the Frankfurt School, by focusing on the vital role that affect and feeling play in the development of critical theory. Building on contemporary theories of affect, the author argues that any renewal of critical theory today must have an affective politics at its core. If one’s aim is to effectively theorize, criticize, and ultimately transform existing social relations, then a strictly rationalist model of political thought remains inadequate. In many respects, this flies in the face of predominant forms of political philosophy, which have long upheld reason and rationality as sole proprietors of political legitimacy. Critical theory and feeling shows how the work of the early Frankfurt School offers a dynamic and necessary corrective to the excesses of formalized reason. Studying a range of themes – from melancholia, unhappiness, and hope, to mimesis, affect, and objects – this book provides a radical rethinking of critical theory for our times.
Lieve Van Hoof
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199583263
- eISBN:
- 9780191723131
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199583263.003.0005
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Ancient Greek, Roman, and Early Christian Philosophy
This chapter deals with Plutarch's On Feeling Good, which presents itself as a letter written by Plutarch, who characterizes himself as a philosopher, at the demand of a publicly active man. As this ...
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This chapter deals with Plutarch's On Feeling Good, which presents itself as a letter written by Plutarch, who characterizes himself as a philosopher, at the demand of a publicly active man. As this chapter shows, Plutarch and his addressee are both dramatic characters designed to guide the reader's responses. In contrast to what other philosophers suggest, Plutarch does not encourage Paccius to give up public activity if he is to achieve well-being, nor to devote himself to studying philosophical intricacies: the help he offers him in this practical ethical text will be enough. This advice was tailor-made for Plutarch's target readers, who often placed a high value on involvement in society, yet it also had the advantage of reserving the role of philosopher exclusively for Plutarch himself.Less
This chapter deals with Plutarch's On Feeling Good, which presents itself as a letter written by Plutarch, who characterizes himself as a philosopher, at the demand of a publicly active man. As this chapter shows, Plutarch and his addressee are both dramatic characters designed to guide the reader's responses. In contrast to what other philosophers suggest, Plutarch does not encourage Paccius to give up public activity if he is to achieve well-being, nor to devote himself to studying philosophical intricacies: the help he offers him in this practical ethical text will be enough. This advice was tailor-made for Plutarch's target readers, who often placed a high value on involvement in society, yet it also had the advantage of reserving the role of philosopher exclusively for Plutarch himself.
Lieve Van Hoof
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199583263
- eISBN:
- 9780191723131
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199583263.003.0006
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Ancient Greek, Roman, and Early Christian Philosophy
This chapter is, as it were, the counterpart of On Feeling Good: in a kind of open letter, Plutarch here teaches that exclusion from politics does not have to lead to unhappiness. It is noteworthy, ...
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This chapter is, as it were, the counterpart of On Feeling Good: in a kind of open letter, Plutarch here teaches that exclusion from politics does not have to lead to unhappiness. It is noteworthy, in this respect, that Plutarch exploited the theme of exile not, as other authors did, to discuss philosophy, but to discuss politics: he explicitly refuses to see exile as a turning point at which to opt for a philosophical life. At first sight, this is an altruistic project offering comfort to a man attached to politics with its concomitant honour and fame. Yet careful examination shows that Plutarch may be promoting his own life as well: if he did not make the same political career as some of his readers, he uses On Exile to present that as a sign not of weakness but of strength.Less
This chapter is, as it were, the counterpart of On Feeling Good: in a kind of open letter, Plutarch here teaches that exclusion from politics does not have to lead to unhappiness. It is noteworthy, in this respect, that Plutarch exploited the theme of exile not, as other authors did, to discuss philosophy, but to discuss politics: he explicitly refuses to see exile as a turning point at which to opt for a philosophical life. At first sight, this is an altruistic project offering comfort to a man attached to politics with its concomitant honour and fame. Yet careful examination shows that Plutarch may be promoting his own life as well: if he did not make the same political career as some of his readers, he uses On Exile to present that as a sign not of weakness but of strength.
Giovanna Colombetti
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- May 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780262019958
- eISBN:
- 9780262318419
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262019958.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Philosophy of Mind
In this book I conceptualize various affective phenomena from the perspective of the “enactive” approach in cognitive science and philosophy of mind. I begin by arguing that affectivity is not a ...
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In this book I conceptualize various affective phenomena from the perspective of the “enactive” approach in cognitive science and philosophy of mind. I begin by arguing that affectivity is not a contingent psychological faculty, but an essential and pervasive dimension of our embodied existence, and more broadly of all living organisms (chapter 1). I then turn to existing affective-scientific accounts of the emotions (basic emotion theory, psychological constructionist approaches, the component process model), emphasising some of their main limitations (chapter 2), and then offering an enactive alternative that draws on dynamical systems theory and characterizes all emotional episodes as self-organizing patterns of the whole organism (chapter 3). Chapter 4 addresses the notion of “appraisal”, highlighting and criticizing the widespread assumption that appraisal is an entirely brain-based cognitive process. In line with the enactive approach, I then reconceptualize appraisal as a thoroughly embodied and enactive phenomenon. Chapter 5 pays special attention to the phenomenology of affectivity, distinguishing various ways in which we feel our body when we experience emotions. In chapter 6 I turn to neuroscience, and in line with the “neurophenomenological” approach favoured by enactivism, I argue that an adequate neuroscientific account of emotion needs to integrate methods for the collection of data about brain and bodily activity with methods for the collection of data about experience. Finally, in chapter 7 I discuss the place of affectivity in intersubjectivity, distinguishing different ways in which we feel others (in empathy, sympathy, intimacy, etc.), and using these distinctions to make sense of empirical evidence of how our bodies respond to the physical presence of other people.Less
In this book I conceptualize various affective phenomena from the perspective of the “enactive” approach in cognitive science and philosophy of mind. I begin by arguing that affectivity is not a contingent psychological faculty, but an essential and pervasive dimension of our embodied existence, and more broadly of all living organisms (chapter 1). I then turn to existing affective-scientific accounts of the emotions (basic emotion theory, psychological constructionist approaches, the component process model), emphasising some of their main limitations (chapter 2), and then offering an enactive alternative that draws on dynamical systems theory and characterizes all emotional episodes as self-organizing patterns of the whole organism (chapter 3). Chapter 4 addresses the notion of “appraisal”, highlighting and criticizing the widespread assumption that appraisal is an entirely brain-based cognitive process. In line with the enactive approach, I then reconceptualize appraisal as a thoroughly embodied and enactive phenomenon. Chapter 5 pays special attention to the phenomenology of affectivity, distinguishing various ways in which we feel our body when we experience emotions. In chapter 6 I turn to neuroscience, and in line with the “neurophenomenological” approach favoured by enactivism, I argue that an adequate neuroscientific account of emotion needs to integrate methods for the collection of data about brain and bodily activity with methods for the collection of data about experience. Finally, in chapter 7 I discuss the place of affectivity in intersubjectivity, distinguishing different ways in which we feel others (in empathy, sympathy, intimacy, etc.), and using these distinctions to make sense of empirical evidence of how our bodies respond to the physical presence of other people.
Suzanne Bost
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780823230846
- eISBN:
- 9780823241101
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823230846.003.0002
- Subject:
- Literature, Women's Literature
The “Feeling Pre-Columbian” serves as a respond to Elaine Scarry's often quoted assertion that pain is world-destroying, where an argument has been made to say that pain opens up new perceptions of ...
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The “Feeling Pre-Columbian” serves as a respond to Elaine Scarry's often quoted assertion that pain is world-destroying, where an argument has been made to say that pain opens up new perceptions of the relationships between one's body and the world around it. Different insights from different people concerned with literature were used to defend this argument that gave multiple historical references that enables today's dominant culture to move outside. In particular, the indigenous Mesoamerican traditions invoke center on public displays of body manipulation. Unlike their predecessors of the Chicano movimiento, who adopted the Aztec warrior as an icon to strengthen Chicano nationalism, Anzaldúa, Moraga, and Castillo worship goddesses, saints, artists, and AIDS victims who represent shape-shifting and openness rather than defended bodily boundaries.Less
The “Feeling Pre-Columbian” serves as a respond to Elaine Scarry's often quoted assertion that pain is world-destroying, where an argument has been made to say that pain opens up new perceptions of the relationships between one's body and the world around it. Different insights from different people concerned with literature were used to defend this argument that gave multiple historical references that enables today's dominant culture to move outside. In particular, the indigenous Mesoamerican traditions invoke center on public displays of body manipulation. Unlike their predecessors of the Chicano movimiento, who adopted the Aztec warrior as an icon to strengthen Chicano nationalism, Anzaldúa, Moraga, and Castillo worship goddesses, saints, artists, and AIDS victims who represent shape-shifting and openness rather than defended bodily boundaries.
Simon Mussell
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781526105707
- eISBN:
- 9781526132253
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9781526105707.003.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Political Philosophy
The introduction sets out the book’s aims and objectives in relation to the predominant legacies of political philosophy. The author shows how rationalist principles have formed the backbone of ...
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The introduction sets out the book’s aims and objectives in relation to the predominant legacies of political philosophy. The author shows how rationalist principles have formed the backbone of Western philosophical thought, invariably in opposition to affect, emotion, feeling, and passion, since the latter are seen to be detrimental to or obstructive of the procedural functionality of reason. In contrast to this, taking Dialectic of Enlightenment as a starting point, it is suggested that early critical theory provides an important corrective to the excesses of formalized, rationalist, and anti-emotional modes of argumentation. The point is that reason in and of itself is not sufficient as a foundation for political theory.Less
The introduction sets out the book’s aims and objectives in relation to the predominant legacies of political philosophy. The author shows how rationalist principles have formed the backbone of Western philosophical thought, invariably in opposition to affect, emotion, feeling, and passion, since the latter are seen to be detrimental to or obstructive of the procedural functionality of reason. In contrast to this, taking Dialectic of Enlightenment as a starting point, it is suggested that early critical theory provides an important corrective to the excesses of formalized, rationalist, and anti-emotional modes of argumentation. The point is that reason in and of itself is not sufficient as a foundation for political theory.
Penny McCall Howard
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- January 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781784994143
- eISBN:
- 9781526128478
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9781784994143.003.0004
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Anthropology, Global
Chapter Three begins by examining the importance of boats as technologies for living and working at sea - in contrast to a great deal of literature about the sea and fishing that focusses on ...
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Chapter Three begins by examining the importance of boats as technologies for living and working at sea - in contrast to a great deal of literature about the sea and fishing that focusses on human-environment relations only. The chapter draws on Marcel Mauss’ analysis of techniques to ethnographically and phenomenologically examine the way in which boats and other tools are used to extend people’s bodies and sensory perception deep into the sea. As a result of these extensions, the sea is treated as a familiar workspace and caring relationships of maintenance develop between people and their tools and boats. The chapter investigates how human subjectivities and bodily safety are affected by the struggle to remain in control of the extended practices often used to work at sea. This control also depends on the ownership of boats and their gear. The chapter engages with the history of the Scottish herring fishery, the anthropology of the senses, and Lucy Suchman’s and Michael Jackson’s anthropology of human-machine relations. It also draws on anthropologies of labour-action, enskilment and task-orientation by Michael Jackson, Gísli Pálsson, and Tim Ingold.Less
Chapter Three begins by examining the importance of boats as technologies for living and working at sea - in contrast to a great deal of literature about the sea and fishing that focusses on human-environment relations only. The chapter draws on Marcel Mauss’ analysis of techniques to ethnographically and phenomenologically examine the way in which boats and other tools are used to extend people’s bodies and sensory perception deep into the sea. As a result of these extensions, the sea is treated as a familiar workspace and caring relationships of maintenance develop between people and their tools and boats. The chapter investigates how human subjectivities and bodily safety are affected by the struggle to remain in control of the extended practices often used to work at sea. This control also depends on the ownership of boats and their gear. The chapter engages with the history of the Scottish herring fishery, the anthropology of the senses, and Lucy Suchman’s and Michael Jackson’s anthropology of human-machine relations. It also draws on anthropologies of labour-action, enskilment and task-orientation by Michael Jackson, Gísli Pálsson, and Tim Ingold.
Shannon L. Mariotti
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780813167336
- eISBN:
- 9780813167411
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Kentucky
- DOI:
- 10.5810/kentucky/9780813167336.003.0003
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
This chapter begins by laying out Adorno’s materialism, by exploring his unique form of Marxism and his critique of idealism, to highlight the important role that the experience of external objects ...
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This chapter begins by laying out Adorno’s materialism, by exploring his unique form of Marxism and his critique of idealism, to highlight the important role that the experience of external objects plays in his theory. Second, I explain Adorno’s theory of negative dialectics to show how it takes the form of a specific way of thinking and, importantly, feeling against the world we are given. Third, I investigate how affect theory can enrich our understanding of Adorno, as well as how Adorno can also contribute to present-day theorizing about affect, with a particular focus on how the notion of the affects broadens our understanding of the experience of encountering the nonidentical. In analyzing the importance of experience in Adorno’s thought, and in sensing, feeling, and perceiving, this chapter reworks our conventional image of him as excessively intellectual. Additionally, I make a particularly political—and democratic—argument about the role that the senses play in his thought. Adorno draws connections between how we experience the world around us, in terms of sensing, feeling, and perception, and our capacities for engaging in the practice of critique and, in turn, our ability to act as truly democratic citizens in our everyday lives.Less
This chapter begins by laying out Adorno’s materialism, by exploring his unique form of Marxism and his critique of idealism, to highlight the important role that the experience of external objects plays in his theory. Second, I explain Adorno’s theory of negative dialectics to show how it takes the form of a specific way of thinking and, importantly, feeling against the world we are given. Third, I investigate how affect theory can enrich our understanding of Adorno, as well as how Adorno can also contribute to present-day theorizing about affect, with a particular focus on how the notion of the affects broadens our understanding of the experience of encountering the nonidentical. In analyzing the importance of experience in Adorno’s thought, and in sensing, feeling, and perceiving, this chapter reworks our conventional image of him as excessively intellectual. Additionally, I make a particularly political—and democratic—argument about the role that the senses play in his thought. Adorno draws connections between how we experience the world around us, in terms of sensing, feeling, and perception, and our capacities for engaging in the practice of critique and, in turn, our ability to act as truly democratic citizens in our everyday lives.
Johnny J. R. Fontaine and Klaus R. Scherer
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199592746
- eISBN:
- 9780191762765
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199592746.003.0009
- Subject:
- Psychology, Social Psychology, Developmental Psychology
We explain the operationalization of the feeling component, which was based on five frequently used approaches: the positive affect / negative affect model, the pleasure-arousal model, the tense ...
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We explain the operationalization of the feeling component, which was based on five frequently used approaches: the positive affect / negative affect model, the pleasure-arousal model, the tense arousal and energetic arousal model, the pleasantness-activation model, and the evaluation–potency–activation model. A dimensional analysis of the feeling features revealed a four-factor structure accounting for 90.7% of the total variance. A very strong BAD VS GOOD factor emerged followed by three smaller subsidiary factors: WEAK VS STRONG, CALM VS RESTLESS, and TIRED. BAD VS GOOD and WEAK VS STRONG were strongly related to the overall VALENCE and POWER dimensions respectively. both CALM VS RESTLESS and TIRED were strongly related to the overall AROUSAL factor. it was possible to correctly classify 47.2 % of the emotion terms across the 34 samples into one of the 24 emotion term categories on the basis of only these four feeling factors.Less
We explain the operationalization of the feeling component, which was based on five frequently used approaches: the positive affect / negative affect model, the pleasure-arousal model, the tense arousal and energetic arousal model, the pleasantness-activation model, and the evaluation–potency–activation model. A dimensional analysis of the feeling features revealed a four-factor structure accounting for 90.7% of the total variance. A very strong BAD VS GOOD factor emerged followed by three smaller subsidiary factors: WEAK VS STRONG, CALM VS RESTLESS, and TIRED. BAD VS GOOD and WEAK VS STRONG were strongly related to the overall VALENCE and POWER dimensions respectively. both CALM VS RESTLESS and TIRED were strongly related to the overall AROUSAL factor. it was possible to correctly classify 47.2 % of the emotion terms across the 34 samples into one of the 24 emotion term categories on the basis of only these four feeling factors.
Marcello Mortillaro, Pio E. Ricci-Bitti, Guglielmo Bellelli, and Dario Galati
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199592746
- eISBN:
- 9780191762765
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199592746.003.0025
- Subject:
- Psychology, Social Psychology, Developmental Psychology
Pride is one of the most culture-sensitive emotions, and cultural variations have been identified in its appraisal, expressive, and subjective feeling components. Such differences have been related ...
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Pride is one of the most culture-sensitive emotions, and cultural variations have been identified in its appraisal, expressive, and subjective feeling components. Such differences have been related to the societal values of personal achievement and honor. On the basis of the GRID questionnaire, we investigated how the prototypical meaning of pride changes between two groups of Italian speakers (one from the North and one from the South of the country). For historical, economic and linguistic reasons, indeed, Northern and Southern Italians may show slight differences with regard to their emotional cultures. Results showed that there are small variations in the meaning of pride (for the appraisal and feeling components) and that these differences are reminiscent of those found between collectivistic and individualistic cultures. Findings are discussed on the basis of the potentially different importance of the orientation towards others for Northern and Southern Italians.Less
Pride is one of the most culture-sensitive emotions, and cultural variations have been identified in its appraisal, expressive, and subjective feeling components. Such differences have been related to the societal values of personal achievement and honor. On the basis of the GRID questionnaire, we investigated how the prototypical meaning of pride changes between two groups of Italian speakers (one from the North and one from the South of the country). For historical, economic and linguistic reasons, indeed, Northern and Southern Italians may show slight differences with regard to their emotional cultures. Results showed that there are small variations in the meaning of pride (for the appraisal and feeling components) and that these differences are reminiscent of those found between collectivistic and individualistic cultures. Findings are discussed on the basis of the potentially different importance of the orientation towards others for Northern and Southern Italians.
Rosalind W. Picard and Adolfo Plasencia
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- January 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780262036016
- eISBN:
- 9780262339308
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262036016.003.0023
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Technology and Society
In this dialogue, the scientist Rosalind W. Picard from MIT Media Lab begins by explaining why the expression "Affective computing" is not an oxymoron, and describes how they are trying to bridge the ...
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In this dialogue, the scientist Rosalind W. Picard from MIT Media Lab begins by explaining why the expression "Affective computing" is not an oxymoron, and describes how they are trying to bridge the gap between information systems and human emotions in her laboratory. She details how they are attempting to give computers and digital machines better abilities so that they can “see” the emotions of their users, and outlines what a machine would have to be like to pass the Turing ‘emotions’ test. Rosalind goes on to describe why emotion is part of all communication, even when the communication itself might not explicitly have emotion in it, arguing that consciousness also involves feelings that cannot be expressed and why emotional experience is an essential part of the normal functioning of the conscious system. Later she outlines her research in affective computing, where they managed to measure signals using a sensor that responds to some human emotion or feelings, and explains how technology can become a sort of ‘affective prosthesis’ to help the disabled, and people with difficulties, in understanding and handling emotions.Less
In this dialogue, the scientist Rosalind W. Picard from MIT Media Lab begins by explaining why the expression "Affective computing" is not an oxymoron, and describes how they are trying to bridge the gap between information systems and human emotions in her laboratory. She details how they are attempting to give computers and digital machines better abilities so that they can “see” the emotions of their users, and outlines what a machine would have to be like to pass the Turing ‘emotions’ test. Rosalind goes on to describe why emotion is part of all communication, even when the communication itself might not explicitly have emotion in it, arguing that consciousness also involves feelings that cannot be expressed and why emotional experience is an essential part of the normal functioning of the conscious system. Later she outlines her research in affective computing, where they managed to measure signals using a sensor that responds to some human emotion or feelings, and explains how technology can become a sort of ‘affective prosthesis’ to help the disabled, and people with difficulties, in understanding and handling emotions.
Giovanna Colombetti
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- May 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780262019958
- eISBN:
- 9780262318419
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262019958.003.0007
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Philosophy of Mind
This chapter builds on existing enactive accounts of empathy and intersubjectivity to explore the affective dimension of our concrete encounters with others. I first focus on the various ways in ...
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This chapter builds on existing enactive accounts of empathy and intersubjectivity to explore the affective dimension of our concrete encounters with others. I first focus on the various ways in which we experience others when we face them, distinguishing phenomena of basic empathy, impressions, feeling close, feeling intimate, and sympathy. I then turn to empirical evidence of how our bodies respond to the bodily presence of others, in particular to our tendency to mimic others when we face them. After discussing and throwing some cold water on the idea that this evidence supports a simulationist account of how we understand others, I turn to an interpretation that has been relatively neglected, namely, that mimicking and more broadly “matching” the other plays an important role in social bonding; I also link this view to some of the phenomenological considerations raised earlier in the chapter.Less
This chapter builds on existing enactive accounts of empathy and intersubjectivity to explore the affective dimension of our concrete encounters with others. I first focus on the various ways in which we experience others when we face them, distinguishing phenomena of basic empathy, impressions, feeling close, feeling intimate, and sympathy. I then turn to empirical evidence of how our bodies respond to the bodily presence of others, in particular to our tendency to mimic others when we face them. After discussing and throwing some cold water on the idea that this evidence supports a simulationist account of how we understand others, I turn to an interpretation that has been relatively neglected, namely, that mimicking and more broadly “matching” the other plays an important role in social bonding; I also link this view to some of the phenomenological considerations raised earlier in the chapter.
Karen Barad
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- January 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780823276219
- eISBN:
- 9780823277049
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823276219.003.0002
- Subject:
- Religion, Theology
In “What Flashes Up,” Karen Barad exposes a startling new sense of matter. The “agential realist” interpretation of quantum physics in her monumental Meeting the Universe Halfway had already brought ...
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In “What Flashes Up,” Karen Barad exposes a startling new sense of matter. The “agential realist” interpretation of quantum physics in her monumental Meeting the Universe Halfway had already brought the indeterminacy and relationality—the “intra-activity”—of quantum ontology into resonance with human ethics: All beings compose and partake in the responsive structure of the world. “Intra-acting responsibly as part of the world means taking account of the entangled phenomena that are intrinsic to the world’s vitality and being responsive to the possibilities that might help us flourish.” In the present discussion, Barad draws Walter Benjamin’s messianic “now-time” via Judith Butler and quantum field theory into a deep meditation on the matter of time, a time that breaks from the scientific and political modernisms of purportedly linear progress.Less
In “What Flashes Up,” Karen Barad exposes a startling new sense of matter. The “agential realist” interpretation of quantum physics in her monumental Meeting the Universe Halfway had already brought the indeterminacy and relationality—the “intra-activity”—of quantum ontology into resonance with human ethics: All beings compose and partake in the responsive structure of the world. “Intra-acting responsibly as part of the world means taking account of the entangled phenomena that are intrinsic to the world’s vitality and being responsive to the possibilities that might help us flourish.” In the present discussion, Barad draws Walter Benjamin’s messianic “now-time” via Judith Butler and quantum field theory into a deep meditation on the matter of time, a time that breaks from the scientific and political modernisms of purportedly linear progress.
Didier Debaise
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781474423045
- eISBN:
- 9781474438612
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781474423045.003.0005
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Metaphysics/Epistemology
This chapter poses the question of “reality”. In opposition to a substantialist vision that has notably characterized modernity, Whitehead develops a processual conception of the real which is made ...
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This chapter poses the question of “reality”. In opposition to a substantialist vision that has notably characterized modernity, Whitehead develops a processual conception of the real which is made of becomings and individuations. This vision of the real is envisaged starting from three distinct questions: First of all, how to exactly define a process of individuation? This question is treated in its historical aspects (Aristotle and Leibniz) and with respect to contemporary philosophy (Simondon and Deleuze). Secondly, where do the forms, the puissances, the virtualities derive from which accompany any individuation? Starting from this question it is most notably the relation with Platonism and its heritage that is elaborated. And third, which vision of time is implied in a theory of individuation? Even though close to Bergson, Whitehead’s philosophy profoundly differs from it with respect to the status of time and builds up new links with contemporary science. Less
This chapter poses the question of “reality”. In opposition to a substantialist vision that has notably characterized modernity, Whitehead develops a processual conception of the real which is made of becomings and individuations. This vision of the real is envisaged starting from three distinct questions: First of all, how to exactly define a process of individuation? This question is treated in its historical aspects (Aristotle and Leibniz) and with respect to contemporary philosophy (Simondon and Deleuze). Secondly, where do the forms, the puissances, the virtualities derive from which accompany any individuation? Starting from this question it is most notably the relation with Platonism and its heritage that is elaborated. And third, which vision of time is implied in a theory of individuation? Even though close to Bergson, Whitehead’s philosophy profoundly differs from it with respect to the status of time and builds up new links with contemporary science.
Corey Kai Nelson Schultz
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781474421614
- eISBN:
- 9781474449588
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781474421614.003.0108
- Subject:
- Film, Television and Radio, Film
The introduction examines Raymond Williams’s notion of “Structures of feeling” and how it has been theorized. Then, it reviews the history of class in China, the changes made to the Chinese class ...
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The introduction examines Raymond Williams’s notion of “Structures of feeling” and how it has been theorized. Then, it reviews the history of class in China, the changes made to the Chinese class structure during the Maoist period (1949 to 1978), and the use of class figures in Chinese visual culture to advertise political changes, criticize institutions and attitudes, and inspire the populace. It concludes by examining the effects that China’s market reforms adopted in the Reform Era (beginning 1978) has had on Chinese society.Less
The introduction examines Raymond Williams’s notion of “Structures of feeling” and how it has been theorized. Then, it reviews the history of class in China, the changes made to the Chinese class structure during the Maoist period (1949 to 1978), and the use of class figures in Chinese visual culture to advertise political changes, criticize institutions and attitudes, and inspire the populace. It concludes by examining the effects that China’s market reforms adopted in the Reform Era (beginning 1978) has had on Chinese society.
Patricia Meyer Spacks
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- October 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780300110319
- eISBN:
- 9780300128338
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300110319.003.0005
- Subject:
- Literature, 18th-century Literature
This chapter explores the aspects that form novels of sentiment in the eighteenth century. The form of consciousness encountered in the book A Sentimental Journey shot off and created a novelistic ...
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This chapter explores the aspects that form novels of sentiment in the eighteenth century. The form of consciousness encountered in the book A Sentimental Journey shot off and created a novelistic subgenre of its own: the sentimental novel or the novel of sensibility. Henry Mackenzie's The Man of Feeling (1769) is the best-known example of the form. The sentimental is a type of novel that is meant to arouse as well as to render sympathetic feelings. Mackenzie, however, did not originate the form. Before him was Sarah Fielding's David Simple (1744) and its sequel, Volume the Last (1753). Both Fielding's and Mackenzie's works contain abundant satiric elements, often criticizing the greed, vanity, and selfishness in a financially oriented society. And although satire is not often associated with sentimentality—which is supposed to celebrate tender feelings—satire rejects tenderness for criticism; Fielding's work was important in creating a sense of sensitivity to the misfortunes of others, a factor that encouraged other so-called sentimentalists.Less
This chapter explores the aspects that form novels of sentiment in the eighteenth century. The form of consciousness encountered in the book A Sentimental Journey shot off and created a novelistic subgenre of its own: the sentimental novel or the novel of sensibility. Henry Mackenzie's The Man of Feeling (1769) is the best-known example of the form. The sentimental is a type of novel that is meant to arouse as well as to render sympathetic feelings. Mackenzie, however, did not originate the form. Before him was Sarah Fielding's David Simple (1744) and its sequel, Volume the Last (1753). Both Fielding's and Mackenzie's works contain abundant satiric elements, often criticizing the greed, vanity, and selfishness in a financially oriented society. And although satire is not often associated with sentimentality—which is supposed to celebrate tender feelings—satire rejects tenderness for criticism; Fielding's work was important in creating a sense of sensitivity to the misfortunes of others, a factor that encouraged other so-called sentimentalists.
Peter Kraftl
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9781447300496
- eISBN:
- 9781447310914
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447300496.003.0007
- Subject:
- Sociology, Education
This chapter focuses on some of the interpersonal relations that sustain alternative learning spaces. It asks what kinds of interpersonal relationships are appropriate for learning, looking initially ...
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This chapter focuses on some of the interpersonal relations that sustain alternative learning spaces. It asks what kinds of interpersonal relationships are appropriate for learning, looking initially at how these relationships are characterised – especially as ‘friendship’ or ‘family’-like relations. The chapter focuses upon the feelings that constitute those relationships, particularly empathy, care and love. Thereafter, the chapter returns to the question of habit. Rather than thinking about how habits are internalised within young people (Chapter 6), it considers how habits can be understood as outward-facing. That is, some educators advocate spiritual conceptions of love, which are integral to the production of habits of generosity, care and responsibility to others. Thus, this chapter also provides some reflection on that most geographical of terms: scale. Despite an emphasis on ‘smallness’ in many alternative learning spaces, the chapter explores how interpersonal love can also be manifested as a kind of readiness to empathise with (often) unknown others, located physically and conceptually ‘outside’ the immediacy of a particular learning space; sometimes, on the other side of the world. Thus, the chapter's closing argument is that loving habits maybe spatialised beyond immediacy, in an intermingling of spatial scales.Less
This chapter focuses on some of the interpersonal relations that sustain alternative learning spaces. It asks what kinds of interpersonal relationships are appropriate for learning, looking initially at how these relationships are characterised – especially as ‘friendship’ or ‘family’-like relations. The chapter focuses upon the feelings that constitute those relationships, particularly empathy, care and love. Thereafter, the chapter returns to the question of habit. Rather than thinking about how habits are internalised within young people (Chapter 6), it considers how habits can be understood as outward-facing. That is, some educators advocate spiritual conceptions of love, which are integral to the production of habits of generosity, care and responsibility to others. Thus, this chapter also provides some reflection on that most geographical of terms: scale. Despite an emphasis on ‘smallness’ in many alternative learning spaces, the chapter explores how interpersonal love can also be manifested as a kind of readiness to empathise with (often) unknown others, located physically and conceptually ‘outside’ the immediacy of a particular learning space; sometimes, on the other side of the world. Thus, the chapter's closing argument is that loving habits maybe spatialised beyond immediacy, in an intermingling of spatial scales.
Katsuya Hirano
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- May 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780226060422
- eISBN:
- 9780226060736
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226060736.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, Asian History
Chapter 1 explores the ideological and socioeconomic structures constructed by the founders of the Tokugawa government as the mechanism of rule capable of sustaining the newly unified polity after ...
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Chapter 1 explores the ideological and socioeconomic structures constructed by the founders of the Tokugawa government as the mechanism of rule capable of sustaining the newly unified polity after century-long civil war and strife. It then examines the dramatic transformations of socioeconomic structures around the beginning of the eighteenth century, and how those transformations brought about popular articulations of a new sensibility or “structure of feeling,” and how it in turn led to a profound sense of dissonance with the ideological structure in place. The structure of feeling manifested itself in the word ukiyo, or the floating world, which denoted the sense of ontological indeterminacy and was often used in and to refer to the eighteenth and nineteenth-century artistic and literary genres. To examine the use of this term, ukiyo, I focus on the genre called the “story of double-suicide,” which depicted the tragedy of forbidden love between townsman and courtesan. The popularity of the genre was such that ordinary townspeople began to copy the suicides. The authorities responded by imposing bans on the performance of the genre. The chapter probes the implications of this criminalization as a case that demonstrates the crucial interface of governmental power and popular culture.Less
Chapter 1 explores the ideological and socioeconomic structures constructed by the founders of the Tokugawa government as the mechanism of rule capable of sustaining the newly unified polity after century-long civil war and strife. It then examines the dramatic transformations of socioeconomic structures around the beginning of the eighteenth century, and how those transformations brought about popular articulations of a new sensibility or “structure of feeling,” and how it in turn led to a profound sense of dissonance with the ideological structure in place. The structure of feeling manifested itself in the word ukiyo, or the floating world, which denoted the sense of ontological indeterminacy and was often used in and to refer to the eighteenth and nineteenth-century artistic and literary genres. To examine the use of this term, ukiyo, I focus on the genre called the “story of double-suicide,” which depicted the tragedy of forbidden love between townsman and courtesan. The popularity of the genre was such that ordinary townspeople began to copy the suicides. The authorities responded by imposing bans on the performance of the genre. The chapter probes the implications of this criminalization as a case that demonstrates the crucial interface of governmental power and popular culture.
