Alicia Kozma and Finley Freibert (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2021
- Published Online:
- January 2022
- ISBN:
- 9781474482349
- eISBN:
- 9781399501606
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781474482349.001.0001
- Subject:
- Film, Television and Radio, Film
This volume—the first ever devoted to director Doris Wishman—covers her vast filmography, and is inclusive of her less discussed later films, hardcore films, and nudist films. By situating Wishman ...
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This volume—the first ever devoted to director Doris Wishman—covers her vast filmography, and is inclusive of her less discussed later films, hardcore films, and nudist films. By situating Wishman within larger contexts and movements in film history including women’s filmmaking, avant- garde and experimental cinema, and genre film, the volume considers the cultural, historical, and industrial significance of Wishman. Special focus is paid to gender studies, genre studies, film narrative, feminist history, queer history, and adult film history.Less
This volume—the first ever devoted to director Doris Wishman—covers her vast filmography, and is inclusive of her less discussed later films, hardcore films, and nudist films. By situating Wishman within larger contexts and movements in film history including women’s filmmaking, avant- garde and experimental cinema, and genre film, the volume considers the cultural, historical, and industrial significance of Wishman. Special focus is paid to gender studies, genre studies, film narrative, feminist history, queer history, and adult film history.
Calum Waddell
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781474409254
- eISBN:
- 9781474449625
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781474409254.001.0001
- Subject:
- Film, Television and Radio, Film
What is an exploitation film? The Style of Sleaze reasons that the aesthetic and thematic approach of the key texts within three distinct exploitation demarcations - blaxploitation, horror and ...
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What is an exploitation film? The Style of Sleaze reasons that the aesthetic and thematic approach of the key texts within three distinct exploitation demarcations - blaxploitation, horror and sexploitation - indicate a concurrent evolution of filmmaking that could be seen as an identifiable cinematic movement. Offering a fresh perspective on studies of marginal cinema, The Style of Sleaze maintains that defining exploitation cinema as a vaguely attributed 'excess' is unhelpful, and instead concludes that this period in American film history produced a number of the most transgressive, and yet morally complex, motion pictures ever made.Less
What is an exploitation film? The Style of Sleaze reasons that the aesthetic and thematic approach of the key texts within three distinct exploitation demarcations - blaxploitation, horror and sexploitation - indicate a concurrent evolution of filmmaking that could be seen as an identifiable cinematic movement. Offering a fresh perspective on studies of marginal cinema, The Style of Sleaze maintains that defining exploitation cinema as a vaguely attributed 'excess' is unhelpful, and instead concludes that this period in American film history produced a number of the most transgressive, and yet morally complex, motion pictures ever made.
Philippe Carles and Jean-Louis Comolli
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781628460391
- eISBN:
- 9781626740846
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781628460391.003.0003
- Subject:
- Music, History, American
This chapter explores the impact of white appropriation and commercial interests on the evolution of jazz. They long contributed to the economic exploitation of black musicians and in imposing white ...
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This chapter explores the impact of white appropriation and commercial interests on the evolution of jazz. They long contributed to the economic exploitation of black musicians and in imposing white values and preferences over jazz. Free jazz musicians show awareness of their economic position in the music business and their music can be read as a political decision to break from it.Less
This chapter explores the impact of white appropriation and commercial interests on the evolution of jazz. They long contributed to the economic exploitation of black musicians and in imposing white values and preferences over jazz. Free jazz musicians show awareness of their economic position in the music business and their music can be read as a political decision to break from it.
Jonathan Pattenden
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780719089145
- eISBN:
- 9781526109583
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719089145.003.0009
- Subject:
- Sociology, Economic Sociology
The conclusion provides an overview of the book’s main arguments while looking ahead to the future. In contrast to ‘residual’ and some ‘semi-relational’ approaches to poverty, the book has argued ...
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The conclusion provides an overview of the book’s main arguments while looking ahead to the future. In contrast to ‘residual’ and some ‘semi-relational’ approaches to poverty, the book has argued that analysis of class relations is central to understanding the conditions of classes of labour, and the possibilities for pro-labouring class change. Class relations have been analysed primarily in terms of changing forms of exploitation and domination, and the ways they are mediated by forms of collective action and the state. As the bases of classes of labour’s reproduction and patterns of capitalist accumulation are modified, so too are the ways in which labour is controlled and is able to extract concessions from capital and the state. The uneven trajectories of class relations have been illustrated through longitudinal fieldwork material in a number of south Indian villages. Labour relations differ in form between villages with greater and lesser levels of irrigation, between villages that are more or less tightly integrated into non-agricultural labour markets, between those where accumulation remains focused on agriculture or has become more oriented around the state, and between the countryside and the city. While local government institutions and ‘neoliberal’ civil society organisations tend to reinforce the status quo, the interplay of labouring class organisation and pro-labour government policy can produce minor gains for classes of labour. If both can be scaled up, labour’s conditions improve, and the possibilities for more broad-based social change increase.Less
The conclusion provides an overview of the book’s main arguments while looking ahead to the future. In contrast to ‘residual’ and some ‘semi-relational’ approaches to poverty, the book has argued that analysis of class relations is central to understanding the conditions of classes of labour, and the possibilities for pro-labouring class change. Class relations have been analysed primarily in terms of changing forms of exploitation and domination, and the ways they are mediated by forms of collective action and the state. As the bases of classes of labour’s reproduction and patterns of capitalist accumulation are modified, so too are the ways in which labour is controlled and is able to extract concessions from capital and the state. The uneven trajectories of class relations have been illustrated through longitudinal fieldwork material in a number of south Indian villages. Labour relations differ in form between villages with greater and lesser levels of irrigation, between villages that are more or less tightly integrated into non-agricultural labour markets, between those where accumulation remains focused on agriculture or has become more oriented around the state, and between the countryside and the city. While local government institutions and ‘neoliberal’ civil society organisations tend to reinforce the status quo, the interplay of labouring class organisation and pro-labour government policy can produce minor gains for classes of labour. If both can be scaled up, labour’s conditions improve, and the possibilities for more broad-based social change increase.
Mark Harvey and Norman Geras
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781526114020
- eISBN:
- 9781526136046
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9781526114020.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
This book arose out of a friendship between a political philosopher and an economic sociologist, and their recognition of an urgent political need to address the extreme inequalities of wealth and ...
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This book arose out of a friendship between a political philosopher and an economic sociologist, and their recognition of an urgent political need to address the extreme inequalities of wealth and power in contemporary societies. The book provides a new analysis of what generates inequalities in rights to income, property and public goods in contemporary societies. It claims to move beyond Marx, both in its analysis of inequality and exploitation, and in its concept of just distribution. In order to do so, it critiques Marx’s foundational Labour Theory of Value and its closed-circuit conception of the economy. It points to the major historical transformations that create educational and knowledge inequalities, inequalities in rights to public goods that combine with those to private wealth. In two historical chapters, it argues that industrial capitalism introduced new forms of coerced labour in the metropolis alongside a huge expansion of slavery and indentured labour in the New World, with forms of bonded labour lasting well into the twentieth century. Only political struggles, rather than any economic logic of capitalism, achieved less punitive forms of employment. It is argued that these were only steps along a long road to challenge asymmetries of economic power and to realise just distribution of the wealth created in society.Less
This book arose out of a friendship between a political philosopher and an economic sociologist, and their recognition of an urgent political need to address the extreme inequalities of wealth and power in contemporary societies. The book provides a new analysis of what generates inequalities in rights to income, property and public goods in contemporary societies. It claims to move beyond Marx, both in its analysis of inequality and exploitation, and in its concept of just distribution. In order to do so, it critiques Marx’s foundational Labour Theory of Value and its closed-circuit conception of the economy. It points to the major historical transformations that create educational and knowledge inequalities, inequalities in rights to public goods that combine with those to private wealth. In two historical chapters, it argues that industrial capitalism introduced new forms of coerced labour in the metropolis alongside a huge expansion of slavery and indentured labour in the New World, with forms of bonded labour lasting well into the twentieth century. Only political struggles, rather than any economic logic of capitalism, achieved less punitive forms of employment. It is argued that these were only steps along a long road to challenge asymmetries of economic power and to realise just distribution of the wealth created in society.
A.B. Dickinson
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780973893441
- eISBN:
- 9781786944603
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9780973893441.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Maritime History
This study offers a chronological history of seal fishing in the Falkland Islands and Dependencies from the eighteenth century to the early twenty-first. It concerns the fluctuating seal population ...
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This study offers a chronological history of seal fishing in the Falkland Islands and Dependencies from the eighteenth century to the early twenty-first. It concerns the fluctuating seal population due to sealing; the Atlantic and global demand for seal fur and oil; the competition between American, British, and Canadian sealers over the territory’s seal stocks; and the attempts by various ruling governments to prioritise domestic sealing, maintain sufficient seal stocks, and continue to make profit. It is comprised of nine chapters, the first and last chapters of which serve as introduction and conclusion. The study also includes eight appendices presenting tabled statistics, and a select bibliography. The appendices concern seal skin imports into London; vessel details at Puerto Soledad; the value and amount of seal products exported from the Falklands; Canadian sealing vessels entering Port Stanley; seal catch and oil yield in South Georgia; South Georgian seal catch summaries; South Georgian commercial catches by sealing division; and marine mammal products landed in the Newfoundland fisheries region.Less
This study offers a chronological history of seal fishing in the Falkland Islands and Dependencies from the eighteenth century to the early twenty-first. It concerns the fluctuating seal population due to sealing; the Atlantic and global demand for seal fur and oil; the competition between American, British, and Canadian sealers over the territory’s seal stocks; and the attempts by various ruling governments to prioritise domestic sealing, maintain sufficient seal stocks, and continue to make profit. It is comprised of nine chapters, the first and last chapters of which serve as introduction and conclusion. The study also includes eight appendices presenting tabled statistics, and a select bibliography. The appendices concern seal skin imports into London; vessel details at Puerto Soledad; the value and amount of seal products exported from the Falklands; Canadian sealing vessels entering Port Stanley; seal catch and oil yield in South Georgia; South Georgian seal catch summaries; South Georgian commercial catches by sealing division; and marine mammal products landed in the Newfoundland fisheries region.
Gordon Jackson
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780973007398
- eISBN:
- 9781786944658
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9780973007398.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Maritime History
This book provides a comprehensive economic history of the British Whaling Trade, divided into two eras of significant technological difference. The first part concerns the traditional whaling trades ...
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This book provides a comprehensive economic history of the British Whaling Trade, divided into two eras of significant technological difference. The first part concerns the traditional whaling trades that structured the industry for three centuries, from 1604-1914. The second part concerns the modern whaling trade between the years 1904-1963, characterised by technological advance and tremendous international competition. Gordon Jackson approaches the enormous subject of British Whaling from the perspectives of both the national economy of Britain, and the international whaling industry as a whole. The book consults official statistical material to determine the size and performance of various whaling fleets; eye-witness accounts and state papers for the early history of the trade; log books, and trade and customs records for the eighteenth century; and the documents of the Southern Whaling Company, Salvesen, and Unilever for insights into the modern whaling period. The book concludes with appendices containing statistical data concerning whale oil, whale stocks, and the price of goods, two bibliographies of further reading, and a conclusion that free competition and market demand simply exhausted whale stocks beyond any possibility of restoration.Less
This book provides a comprehensive economic history of the British Whaling Trade, divided into two eras of significant technological difference. The first part concerns the traditional whaling trades that structured the industry for three centuries, from 1604-1914. The second part concerns the modern whaling trade between the years 1904-1963, characterised by technological advance and tremendous international competition. Gordon Jackson approaches the enormous subject of British Whaling from the perspectives of both the national economy of Britain, and the international whaling industry as a whole. The book consults official statistical material to determine the size and performance of various whaling fleets; eye-witness accounts and state papers for the early history of the trade; log books, and trade and customs records for the eighteenth century; and the documents of the Southern Whaling Company, Salvesen, and Unilever for insights into the modern whaling period. The book concludes with appendices containing statistical data concerning whale oil, whale stocks, and the price of goods, two bibliographies of further reading, and a conclusion that free competition and market demand simply exhausted whale stocks beyond any possibility of restoration.
Brandon Cooke
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199609581
- eISBN:
- 9780191746260
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199609581.003.0012
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Aesthetics, Moral Philosophy
This chapter offers a detailed critical examination of some of the most powerful moral objections against pornography. One such objection is built on the idea that one can acquire true beliefs from ...
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This chapter offers a detailed critical examination of some of the most powerful moral objections against pornography. One such objection is built on the idea that one can acquire true beliefs from fiction, but also false beliefs, and that the latter invariably happens to consumers of pornography. A different moral objection states that women as a group are exploited by heterosexual pornography. Finally, there is the variety of causal arguments put forward by anti-porn critics who believe that pornography causes harm or induces unethical behaviour. Against the latter this chapter argues that there still is no adequate evidence for any such causal link and that the relevant causal mechanism has yet to be discovered. It also remains sceptical about the other moral objections against pornography, mainly because they fail to square with the fact that most pornography is offered as material for non-alethic imagining and that imaginings of this sort are not morally equivalent to actions or to genuine attitudes. It is this connection with imagining, this chapter argues, that makes pornography on a par, ethically, with art. To be sure, works of art are sometimes an appropriate object of ethical criticism. But establishing that an artwork is ethically flawed requires much more than showing that it has a certain content. According to this chapter, the same is true of much pornography.Less
This chapter offers a detailed critical examination of some of the most powerful moral objections against pornography. One such objection is built on the idea that one can acquire true beliefs from fiction, but also false beliefs, and that the latter invariably happens to consumers of pornography. A different moral objection states that women as a group are exploited by heterosexual pornography. Finally, there is the variety of causal arguments put forward by anti-porn critics who believe that pornography causes harm or induces unethical behaviour. Against the latter this chapter argues that there still is no adequate evidence for any such causal link and that the relevant causal mechanism has yet to be discovered. It also remains sceptical about the other moral objections against pornography, mainly because they fail to square with the fact that most pornography is offered as material for non-alethic imagining and that imaginings of this sort are not morally equivalent to actions or to genuine attitudes. It is this connection with imagining, this chapter argues, that makes pornography on a par, ethically, with art. To be sure, works of art are sometimes an appropriate object of ethical criticism. But establishing that an artwork is ethically flawed requires much more than showing that it has a certain content. According to this chapter, the same is true of much pornography.
Bob Hudson
- Published in print:
- 2021
- Published Online:
- January 2022
- ISBN:
- 9781447355694
- eISBN:
- 9781447355731
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447355694.003.0005
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health
Chapter 4 explores dilemmas in provision. Has the market delivered the right sort of care where it is needed? Is it a robust model capable of meeting current and future demands? Is there a workforce ...
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Chapter 4 explores dilemmas in provision. Has the market delivered the right sort of care where it is needed? Is it a robust model capable of meeting current and future demands? Is there a workforce available in the right numbers and with the right skills?Less
Chapter 4 explores dilemmas in provision. Has the market delivered the right sort of care where it is needed? Is it a robust model capable of meeting current and future demands? Is there a workforce available in the right numbers and with the right skills?
David M. Williams and Andrew P. White
- Published in print:
- 1991
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780969588504
- eISBN:
- 9781786944931
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9780969588504.003.0025
- Subject:
- History, Maritime History
A bibliography of post-graduate theses concerning Oil, subdivided into Historical and Modern Studies, and exploring the topics as follows: Seabed Exploitation; Offshore Operations; the North Sea; and ...
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A bibliography of post-graduate theses concerning Oil, subdivided into Historical and Modern Studies, and exploring the topics as follows: Seabed Exploitation; Offshore Operations; the North Sea; and Other Locations.Less
A bibliography of post-graduate theses concerning Oil, subdivided into Historical and Modern Studies, and exploring the topics as follows: Seabed Exploitation; Offshore Operations; the North Sea; and Other Locations.
David Kretzmer
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199862184
- eISBN:
- 9780199979950
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199862184.003.0002
- Subject:
- Psychology, Social Psychology
This chapter describes the way in which laws have been used and, in effect, misused, as a system of control, discrimination and exploitation of the occupied territories and their Palestinian ...
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This chapter describes the way in which laws have been used and, in effect, misused, as a system of control, discrimination and exploitation of the occupied territories and their Palestinian residents. Thus in establishing settlements and exploiting the resources in the occupied territories for the good of Israel and Israeli Jews, the formal legal norms have been ignored. However, in justifying restrictions on the rights and liberties of the Palestinian residents, the formal norms of belligerent occupation have been cited time and again. Kretzmer calls this situation “legal hypocrisy”, because the territories themselves are not regarded by Israel as occupied; their Palestinian residents are, however, subjected to the law of occupation.Less
This chapter describes the way in which laws have been used and, in effect, misused, as a system of control, discrimination and exploitation of the occupied territories and their Palestinian residents. Thus in establishing settlements and exploiting the resources in the occupied territories for the good of Israel and Israeli Jews, the formal legal norms have been ignored. However, in justifying restrictions on the rights and liberties of the Palestinian residents, the formal norms of belligerent occupation have been cited time and again. Kretzmer calls this situation “legal hypocrisy”, because the territories themselves are not regarded by Israel as occupied; their Palestinian residents are, however, subjected to the law of occupation.
Alicia Kozma and Finley Freibert
- Published in print:
- 2021
- Published Online:
- January 2022
- ISBN:
- 9781474482349
- eISBN:
- 9781399501606
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781474482349.003.0001
- Subject:
- Film, Television and Radio, Film
This introductory chapter traces Doris Wishman’s personal and professional biography. In doing so, the authors describe the archival and filmic instabilities found when research and writing about ...
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This introductory chapter traces Doris Wishman’s personal and professional biography. In doing so, the authors describe the archival and filmic instabilities found when research and writing about exploitation and adult film. Embracing this destabilization, the chapter presents the volume’s methodology and intellectual pathos as reflective of Wishman herself.Less
This introductory chapter traces Doris Wishman’s personal and professional biography. In doing so, the authors describe the archival and filmic instabilities found when research and writing about exploitation and adult film. Embracing this destabilization, the chapter presents the volume’s methodology and intellectual pathos as reflective of Wishman herself.
Elena Gorfinkel
- Published in print:
- 2021
- Published Online:
- January 2022
- ISBN:
- 9781474482349
- eISBN:
- 9781399501606
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781474482349.003.0002
- Subject:
- Film, Television and Radio, Film
The chapter considers Wishman’s Chesty Morgan films, Deadly Weapons and Double Agent 73, in relation to feminist psychoanalytic theory by analyzing how the female body acts as both a prop and a ...
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The chapter considers Wishman’s Chesty Morgan films, Deadly Weapons and Double Agent 73, in relation to feminist psychoanalytic theory by analyzing how the female body acts as both a prop and a technology within the films’ modes of address. Discussing the film in context of exploitation as filmic category defined by its mode of production and marketing, the author contends that Morgan’s body is the films’ primary prop and exploitation “gimmick.” However, the implantation of a camera into Morgan’s breasts complicate the actress’s as simply an object of the gaze; she becomes both a screen and a memory technology, assaulting the male characters and arguably the viewer in the process.Less
The chapter considers Wishman’s Chesty Morgan films, Deadly Weapons and Double Agent 73, in relation to feminist psychoanalytic theory by analyzing how the female body acts as both a prop and a technology within the films’ modes of address. Discussing the film in context of exploitation as filmic category defined by its mode of production and marketing, the author contends that Morgan’s body is the films’ primary prop and exploitation “gimmick.” However, the implantation of a camera into Morgan’s breasts complicate the actress’s as simply an object of the gaze; she becomes both a screen and a memory technology, assaulting the male characters and arguably the viewer in the process.
Talitha L. Leflouria
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781469651231
- eISBN:
- 9781469651262
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469651231.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, African-American History
The chapter reconsiders Georgia’s chain gang labor system by shifting the lens from the Jim Crow South’s convict labor production to the medicalized control over incarcerated Black women’s ...
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The chapter reconsiders Georgia’s chain gang labor system by shifting the lens from the Jim Crow South’s convict labor production to the medicalized control over incarcerated Black women’s reproduction. In its exploration of medicalized language and the role of doctors in convict labor camps, this chapter explores how incarcerated black women experienced reproductive exploitation and control after the Civil War. At the heart of this essay is the Jim Crow South’s broader assault on black motherhood and the ways in which the Southern convict labor camp was a site meant to regulate labor production and human reproduction as shared elements of a carceral network. During slavery, black women’s wombs were commodified. After slavery, they were no longer of value. The chapter concludes that the regulation of black woman and motherhood at the site of Southern prisons had deleterious consequences for black women and the black family that stretched beyond the prison.Less
The chapter reconsiders Georgia’s chain gang labor system by shifting the lens from the Jim Crow South’s convict labor production to the medicalized control over incarcerated Black women’s reproduction. In its exploration of medicalized language and the role of doctors in convict labor camps, this chapter explores how incarcerated black women experienced reproductive exploitation and control after the Civil War. At the heart of this essay is the Jim Crow South’s broader assault on black motherhood and the ways in which the Southern convict labor camp was a site meant to regulate labor production and human reproduction as shared elements of a carceral network. During slavery, black women’s wombs were commodified. After slavery, they were no longer of value. The chapter concludes that the regulation of black woman and motherhood at the site of Southern prisons had deleterious consequences for black women and the black family that stretched beyond the prison.
William L. Mcbride
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780823239825
- eISBN:
- 9780823239863
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823239825.003.0005
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
This chapter deals with Berrigan’s relationship to the Marxist tradition. Does he give this tradition too short shrift in understanding such realities as the Vietnam War? Does Berrigan sense the ...
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This chapter deals with Berrigan’s relationship to the Marxist tradition. Does he give this tradition too short shrift in understanding such realities as the Vietnam War? Does Berrigan sense the affinities between Christian and Marxist traditions in trying to overcome relationships domination and subordination and in their commitment to achieving a non-violent, peaceable society? Would not Marxist theory of economic exploitation be useful and even essential in understanding why Christian war-mongers act that way and why capitalism and imperialism are incompatible with Christianity? Should not the writings of Marx be seen as complimentary to, rather than contradicting, the powerful sacred texts that have served as Berrigan’s inspiration?Less
This chapter deals with Berrigan’s relationship to the Marxist tradition. Does he give this tradition too short shrift in understanding such realities as the Vietnam War? Does Berrigan sense the affinities between Christian and Marxist traditions in trying to overcome relationships domination and subordination and in their commitment to achieving a non-violent, peaceable society? Would not Marxist theory of economic exploitation be useful and even essential in understanding why Christian war-mongers act that way and why capitalism and imperialism are incompatible with Christianity? Should not the writings of Marx be seen as complimentary to, rather than contradicting, the powerful sacred texts that have served as Berrigan’s inspiration?
Simon Mackenzie
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- May 2021
- ISBN:
- 9781529203783
- eISBN:
- 9781529203820
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781529203783.003.0008
- Subject:
- Sociology, Law, Crime and Deviance
This chapter begins by recounting common themes across global trafficking markets, and considering the evidence for links and overlaps between them, using three parameters: geographical; transit; and ...
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This chapter begins by recounting common themes across global trafficking markets, and considering the evidence for links and overlaps between them, using three parameters: geographical; transit; and exchange of one trafficked commodity for another. Then we revisit the spectrum of enterprise concept that has been a central thread of analysis of each trafficking market throughout the book. Trafficking is discussed as a form of illicit commodification, as objects and people are transformed into things that can be bought and sold. Commodification is a central feature of contemporary market society, and it encourages an objectification of the things and people being trafficked, which come to be seen merely as items that can be exploited by business-minded entrepreneurs willing to break the law. Through these processes of commodification and exploitation, trafficking is seen as a systematic feature of globalised neoliberal economy and society. The illegal part of the spectrum of enterprise turns a mirror on modern society and economy that highlights some of the worst features of capitalist life: including a business orientation that is systematically indifferent to harmful effects.Less
This chapter begins by recounting common themes across global trafficking markets, and considering the evidence for links and overlaps between them, using three parameters: geographical; transit; and exchange of one trafficked commodity for another. Then we revisit the spectrum of enterprise concept that has been a central thread of analysis of each trafficking market throughout the book. Trafficking is discussed as a form of illicit commodification, as objects and people are transformed into things that can be bought and sold. Commodification is a central feature of contemporary market society, and it encourages an objectification of the things and people being trafficked, which come to be seen merely as items that can be exploited by business-minded entrepreneurs willing to break the law. Through these processes of commodification and exploitation, trafficking is seen as a systematic feature of globalised neoliberal economy and society. The illegal part of the spectrum of enterprise turns a mirror on modern society and economy that highlights some of the worst features of capitalist life: including a business orientation that is systematically indifferent to harmful effects.
Calum Waddell
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781474409254
- eISBN:
- 9781474449625
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781474409254.003.0013
- Subject:
- Film, Television and Radio, Film
The concluding chapter of ‘The Style of Sleaze’ enters into a discourse about how the term ‘exploitation’ has entered into the pubic and critical discourse to reference a myriad of different motion ...
More
The concluding chapter of ‘The Style of Sleaze’ enters into a discourse about how the term ‘exploitation’ has entered into the pubic and critical discourse to reference a myriad of different motion pictures, some of them major Hollywood productions. In conclusion, the book argues that exploitation cinema deserves further exploration – especially given how little has been explored, academically, as regards the cinema of this type that has emerged from other countries and which warrants similar investigation.Less
The concluding chapter of ‘The Style of Sleaze’ enters into a discourse about how the term ‘exploitation’ has entered into the pubic and critical discourse to reference a myriad of different motion pictures, some of them major Hollywood productions. In conclusion, the book argues that exploitation cinema deserves further exploration – especially given how little has been explored, academically, as regards the cinema of this type that has emerged from other countries and which warrants similar investigation.
Vicky Brotherton
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- September 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781447346791
- eISBN:
- 9781447346845
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447346791.003.0005
- Subject:
- Sociology, Law, Crime and Deviance
In 2015, three new Acts had passed into law: the Modern Slavery Act (MSA), the Human Trafficking and Exploitation (Criminal Justice and Support for Victims) Act, and the Human Trafficking and ...
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In 2015, three new Acts had passed into law: the Modern Slavery Act (MSA), the Human Trafficking and Exploitation (Criminal Justice and Support for Victims) Act, and the Human Trafficking and Exploitation (Scotland) Act. The three Acts are comprehensive in scope and include: a raft of new criminal offences; measures aimed at preventing modern slavery; support provisions for child and adult victims; and in the MSA, the role of an Independent Anti-Slavery Commissioner and a ‘Transparency in Supply Chains’ provision, aimed at improving businesses' response to slavery and exploitation. This chapter considers the key, comparable provisions across the three Acts — assessing if and how they differ from each other and from standards in international law. It also details the extent of their implementation and impact to date.Less
In 2015, three new Acts had passed into law: the Modern Slavery Act (MSA), the Human Trafficking and Exploitation (Criminal Justice and Support for Victims) Act, and the Human Trafficking and Exploitation (Scotland) Act. The three Acts are comprehensive in scope and include: a raft of new criminal offences; measures aimed at preventing modern slavery; support provisions for child and adult victims; and in the MSA, the role of an Independent Anti-Slavery Commissioner and a ‘Transparency in Supply Chains’ provision, aimed at improving businesses' response to slavery and exploitation. This chapter considers the key, comparable provisions across the three Acts — assessing if and how they differ from each other and from standards in international law. It also details the extent of their implementation and impact to date.
Yannis Tzioumakis
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748618668
- eISBN:
- 9780748670802
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748618668.001.0001
- Subject:
- Film, Television and Radio, Film
This introduction to American independent cinema offers both a comprehensive industrial and economic history of the sector from the early twentieth century to the present and a study of key ...
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This introduction to American independent cinema offers both a comprehensive industrial and economic history of the sector from the early twentieth century to the present and a study of key individual films and film-makers. Readers will develop an understanding of the complex dynamic relations between independent and mainstream American cinema.The main argument revolves around the idea that American independent cinema has developed alongside mainstream Hollywood cinema with institutional, industrial and economic changes in the latter shaping and informing the former. Consequently, the term ‘independent’ has acquired different meanings at different points in the history of American cinema, evolving according to the impact of changing conditions in the American film industry. These various meanings are examined in the course of the book.The book is ordered chronologically, beginning with independent filmmaking in the studio era (examining both top-rank and low-end independent film production), moving to the 1950s and 1960s (discussing both the adoption of independent filmmaking as the main method of production for the Hollywood majors as well as exploitation filmmaking) and finishing with contemporary American independent cinema (exploring areas such as the New Hollywood, the major independent production and distribution companies and the institutionalisation of independent cinema in the 1990s). Each chapter includes a number of case studies which focus on specific films and/or filmmakers, while a number of independent production and distribution companies are also discussed in detail.Less
This introduction to American independent cinema offers both a comprehensive industrial and economic history of the sector from the early twentieth century to the present and a study of key individual films and film-makers. Readers will develop an understanding of the complex dynamic relations between independent and mainstream American cinema.The main argument revolves around the idea that American independent cinema has developed alongside mainstream Hollywood cinema with institutional, industrial and economic changes in the latter shaping and informing the former. Consequently, the term ‘independent’ has acquired different meanings at different points in the history of American cinema, evolving according to the impact of changing conditions in the American film industry. These various meanings are examined in the course of the book.The book is ordered chronologically, beginning with independent filmmaking in the studio era (examining both top-rank and low-end independent film production), moving to the 1950s and 1960s (discussing both the adoption of independent filmmaking as the main method of production for the Hollywood majors as well as exploitation filmmaking) and finishing with contemporary American independent cinema (exploring areas such as the New Hollywood, the major independent production and distribution companies and the institutionalisation of independent cinema in the 1990s). Each chapter includes a number of case studies which focus on specific films and/or filmmakers, while a number of independent production and distribution companies are also discussed in detail.
Yannis Tzioumakis
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748618668
- eISBN:
- 9780748670802
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748618668.003.0005
- Subject:
- Film, Television and Radio, Film
While top-rank independent filmmaking was absorbed by Hollywood and its major studios, low-end independent filmmaking persisted but it was reinvented, especially once exploitation cinema techniques ...
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While top-rank independent filmmaking was absorbed by Hollywood and its major studios, low-end independent filmmaking persisted but it was reinvented, especially once exploitation cinema techniques started making their presence strongly felt both in the narratives of these films and in their advertising and marketing. The chapter argues that the introduction of television put an end to low-end independent cinema of the 1930s and 1940s as television delivered a similar type of cheap entertainment for free, while the double bill was gradually being phased out. However, the emergence of the youth audience in the 1950s as a key demographic and the studios' persistence in providing entertainment for a mass audience gave low-end independent filmmakers a new, clearly defined market in which they have operated successfully. The chapter then explores the ways low-end independent producers and distributors exploited the youth market with specific reference to American International Pictures, and other key players such as Roger Corman and William Castle. Case study: Rock around the Clock (Sears, 1956).Less
While top-rank independent filmmaking was absorbed by Hollywood and its major studios, low-end independent filmmaking persisted but it was reinvented, especially once exploitation cinema techniques started making their presence strongly felt both in the narratives of these films and in their advertising and marketing. The chapter argues that the introduction of television put an end to low-end independent cinema of the 1930s and 1940s as television delivered a similar type of cheap entertainment for free, while the double bill was gradually being phased out. However, the emergence of the youth audience in the 1950s as a key demographic and the studios' persistence in providing entertainment for a mass audience gave low-end independent filmmakers a new, clearly defined market in which they have operated successfully. The chapter then explores the ways low-end independent producers and distributors exploited the youth market with specific reference to American International Pictures, and other key players such as Roger Corman and William Castle. Case study: Rock around the Clock (Sears, 1956).
