David O. Brink
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- April 2004
- ISBN:
- 9780199266401
- eISBN:
- 9780191600906
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199266409.003.0028
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy
This chapter focuses on the similarities between Green's and another prominent figure in British idealism, Bradley. In metaphysics and epistemology, both are deeply critical of empiricism and endorse ...
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This chapter focuses on the similarities between Green's and another prominent figure in British idealism, Bradley. In metaphysics and epistemology, both are deeply critical of empiricism and endorse a form of absolute idealism. In ethics, both reject the incompatibilist view of freedom and determinism, both reject psychological and evaluative hedonism and are critical of utilitarianism, and both defend an ethics of self-realization. However, despite these similarities, it is surprising how little evidence there is of significant interaction and influence between the two.Less
This chapter focuses on the similarities between Green's and another prominent figure in British idealism, Bradley. In metaphysics and epistemology, both are deeply critical of empiricism and endorse a form of absolute idealism. In ethics, both reject the incompatibilist view of freedom and determinism, both reject psychological and evaluative hedonism and are critical of utilitarianism, and both defend an ethics of self-realization. However, despite these similarities, it is surprising how little evidence there is of significant interaction and influence between the two.
George Cheney, Daniel J. Lair, Dean Ritz, and Brenden E. Kendall
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- February 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195182774
- eISBN:
- 9780199871001
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195182774.003.0003
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Corporate Governance and Accountability
This chapter explores deeply how our common ways of speaking about ethics distract us from a more integrative vision of ethics in our lives. The chapter introduces three problems with how we ...
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This chapter explores deeply how our common ways of speaking about ethics distract us from a more integrative vision of ethics in our lives. The chapter introduces three problems with how we typically approach ethics, as revealed in our language: compartmentalization, or putting ethics in a box; “essentialization,” or trying to reduce or crystallize ethics in terms of one thing or simple answers; and abstraction, or creating distance (or alienation) between ethical concerns and everyday practices. The chapter then explains seven common dimensions cutting across various understandings of ethics, in order to illustrate just what we mean by “ethics” when we speak about it in a particular way. These dimensions include agency and autonomy, discrimination and choice, motive and purpose, responsibility and relationship, rationality and emotionality, role and identity, and scene and situation. The discussion invokes traditional ethical theories to show how they tend to emphasize certain features over others. This chapter concludes by arguing how Aristotle's idea of eudaimonia, or flourishing, helps bring together reframed notions of virtue with our most cherished life goals.Less
This chapter explores deeply how our common ways of speaking about ethics distract us from a more integrative vision of ethics in our lives. The chapter introduces three problems with how we typically approach ethics, as revealed in our language: compartmentalization, or putting ethics in a box; “essentialization,” or trying to reduce or crystallize ethics in terms of one thing or simple answers; and abstraction, or creating distance (or alienation) between ethical concerns and everyday practices. The chapter then explains seven common dimensions cutting across various understandings of ethics, in order to illustrate just what we mean by “ethics” when we speak about it in a particular way. These dimensions include agency and autonomy, discrimination and choice, motive and purpose, responsibility and relationship, rationality and emotionality, role and identity, and scene and situation. The discussion invokes traditional ethical theories to show how they tend to emphasize certain features over others. This chapter concludes by arguing how Aristotle's idea of eudaimonia, or flourishing, helps bring together reframed notions of virtue with our most cherished life goals.
Brigitte Weltman-Aron
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780231172561
- eISBN:
- 9780231539876
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231172561.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
Born and raised in French Algeria, Assia Djebar and Hélène Cixous represent in their literary works signs of conflict and enmity, drawing on discordant histories so as to reappraise the political on ...
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Born and raised in French Algeria, Assia Djebar and Hélène Cixous represent in their literary works signs of conflict and enmity, drawing on discordant histories so as to reappraise the political on the very basis of dissensus. In a rare comparison of these authors’ writings, Algerian Imprints shows how Cixous and Djebar consistently reclaim for ethical and political purposes the demarcations and dislocations emphasized in their fictions. Their works affirm the chance for thinking afforded by marginalization and exclusion and delineate political ways of preserving a space for difference informed by expropriation and nonbelonging. Cixous’s inquiry is steeped in her formative encounter with the grudging integration of the Jews in French Algeria, while Djebar’s narratives concern the colonial separation of “French” and “Arab,” self and other. Yet both authors elaborate strategies to address inequality and injustice without resorting to tropes of victimization, challenging and transforming the understanding of the history and legacy of colonized space.Less
Born and raised in French Algeria, Assia Djebar and Hélène Cixous represent in their literary works signs of conflict and enmity, drawing on discordant histories so as to reappraise the political on the very basis of dissensus. In a rare comparison of these authors’ writings, Algerian Imprints shows how Cixous and Djebar consistently reclaim for ethical and political purposes the demarcations and dislocations emphasized in their fictions. Their works affirm the chance for thinking afforded by marginalization and exclusion and delineate political ways of preserving a space for difference informed by expropriation and nonbelonging. Cixous’s inquiry is steeped in her formative encounter with the grudging integration of the Jews in French Algeria, while Djebar’s narratives concern the colonial separation of “French” and “Arab,” self and other. Yet both authors elaborate strategies to address inequality and injustice without resorting to tropes of victimization, challenging and transforming the understanding of the history and legacy of colonized space.
Antonio Y. Vázquez-Arroyo
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780231174848
- eISBN:
- 9780231541466
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231174848.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Political Philosophy
Scholars in the humanities and social sciences have turned to ethics to theorize politics in what seems to be an increasingly depoliticized age. Yet the move toward ethics has obscured the ongoing ...
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Scholars in the humanities and social sciences have turned to ethics to theorize politics in what seems to be an increasingly depoliticized age. Yet the move toward ethics has obscured the ongoing value of political responsibility and the vibrant life it represents as an effective response to power. Sounding the alarm for those who care about robust forms of civic engagement, this book fights for a new conception of political responsibility that meets the challenges of today’s democratic practice. Antonio Y. Vázquez-Arroyo forcefully argues against the notion that modern predicaments of power can only be addressed ethically or philosophically through pristine concepts that operate outside of the political realm. By returning to the political, the individual is reintroduced to the binding principles of participatory democracy and the burdens of acting and thinking as a member of a collective. Vázquez-Arroyo historicizes the ethical turn to better understand its ascendence and reworks Adorno’s dialectic of responsibility to reassert the political in contemporary thought and theory.Less
Scholars in the humanities and social sciences have turned to ethics to theorize politics in what seems to be an increasingly depoliticized age. Yet the move toward ethics has obscured the ongoing value of political responsibility and the vibrant life it represents as an effective response to power. Sounding the alarm for those who care about robust forms of civic engagement, this book fights for a new conception of political responsibility that meets the challenges of today’s democratic practice. Antonio Y. Vázquez-Arroyo forcefully argues against the notion that modern predicaments of power can only be addressed ethically or philosophically through pristine concepts that operate outside of the political realm. By returning to the political, the individual is reintroduced to the binding principles of participatory democracy and the burdens of acting and thinking as a member of a collective. Vázquez-Arroyo historicizes the ethical turn to better understand its ascendence and reworks Adorno’s dialectic of responsibility to reassert the political in contemporary thought and theory.
Dov-Ber Kerler
- Published in print:
- 1993
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198151661
- eISBN:
- 9780191672798
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198151661.003.0006
- Subject:
- Literature, European Literature
Ethical literature was a very popular genre in Yiddish literature during the sixteenth and up until the eighteenth century. Simplicity and moral tones were some of the elements that were emphasized ...
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Ethical literature was a very popular genre in Yiddish literature during the sixteenth and up until the eighteenth century. Simplicity and moral tones were some of the elements that were emphasized in the two books that served as examples of eighteenth-century Eastern literature. Both were concerned with religious and spiritual aspects, using narrative tales and parables that speak of general ethical principles and religious customs. They are a guide for people to stay on track with their lives and be mindful of their actions. What is interestingly about these writings is that they had both Western and Eastern thoughts in them, as though the writers had these readers in mind, albeit that it was European in origin.Less
Ethical literature was a very popular genre in Yiddish literature during the sixteenth and up until the eighteenth century. Simplicity and moral tones were some of the elements that were emphasized in the two books that served as examples of eighteenth-century Eastern literature. Both were concerned with religious and spiritual aspects, using narrative tales and parables that speak of general ethical principles and religious customs. They are a guide for people to stay on track with their lives and be mindful of their actions. What is interestingly about these writings is that they had both Western and Eastern thoughts in them, as though the writers had these readers in mind, albeit that it was European in origin.
Dave Boothroyd
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780748640096
- eISBN:
- 9780748693795
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748640096.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Moral Philosophy
This book presents an original perspective on Emmanuel Levinas's account of the ethical Subject as contingently and empirically embedded in everyday experience and situations. It explores the ...
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This book presents an original perspective on Emmanuel Levinas's account of the ethical Subject as contingently and empirically embedded in everyday experience and situations. It explores the relationship between theoretical understandings of the Subject in recent and contemporary European philosophy and the constitution of ethical subjectivity in relation to ethical ‘subject matters’ as these are lived, as the author argues and demonstrates, in parallel with one another. The first two chapters establish the philosophical basis for the approach to ethical subjectivity the work as a whole adopts, reading Levinas alongside thinkers such as Nietzsche, Heidegger, Derrida, Foucault, Irigaray, Deleuze, Badiou and Nancy. The following chapters discuss a range of ethical subject matters of contemporary concern from the perspective of the production of the ethical subject in the situations of life as praxis and characterised by contractual encounters with others. Through these contextualised discussions an original theory the ethical subject in situ is developed.Less
This book presents an original perspective on Emmanuel Levinas's account of the ethical Subject as contingently and empirically embedded in everyday experience and situations. It explores the relationship between theoretical understandings of the Subject in recent and contemporary European philosophy and the constitution of ethical subjectivity in relation to ethical ‘subject matters’ as these are lived, as the author argues and demonstrates, in parallel with one another. The first two chapters establish the philosophical basis for the approach to ethical subjectivity the work as a whole adopts, reading Levinas alongside thinkers such as Nietzsche, Heidegger, Derrida, Foucault, Irigaray, Deleuze, Badiou and Nancy. The following chapters discuss a range of ethical subject matters of contemporary concern from the perspective of the production of the ethical subject in the situations of life as praxis and characterised by contractual encounters with others. Through these contextualised discussions an original theory the ethical subject in situ is developed.
John Paul Ricco
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- September 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780226717777
- eISBN:
- 9780226113371
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226113371.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Aesthetics
Based upon his reading of the contemporary French philosopher Jean-Luc Nancy on sense, aesthetics and ethics, in this book John Paul Ricco argues that separation is the archi-spatiality or ...
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Based upon his reading of the contemporary French philosopher Jean-Luc Nancy on sense, aesthetics and ethics, in this book John Paul Ricco argues that separation is the archi-spatiality or spaciousness of existence; that aesthetics is the technique and praxis for sustaining a standing in this groundless ground; and that the ethical is the decision of this stance, and of partaking and sharing in this scene of separated spacing with other people and things. By discussing various works of modern and contemporary art, literature and philosophy including Robert Rauschenberg's Erased DeKooning Drawing to Felix Gonzalez-Torres’ candy piles and paper stacks, Marguerite Duras’ The Malady of Death, and Roland Barthes’ Camera Lucida, Ricco theorizes various ways in which shared-separation—as the source and sense of existence—is aesthetically presented and sustained as the scene of ethical decision between us. In its three-part division, the book begins with anonymous scenes of drawing and erasing, intrusion and encounter (Part One: “Name No One”), then moves to what are theorized as “naked images” and scenes staged by outstretched and extended bodies in their shared naked exposure to the outside and non-knowledge (Part Two: “Naked”), and then to scenes of exposure to the anteriority of loss, withdrawal and retreat in photography, and amongst the offering of and partaking in, the infinite expenditure of readymade things (Part Three: “Neutral and Unbecoming”).Less
Based upon his reading of the contemporary French philosopher Jean-Luc Nancy on sense, aesthetics and ethics, in this book John Paul Ricco argues that separation is the archi-spatiality or spaciousness of existence; that aesthetics is the technique and praxis for sustaining a standing in this groundless ground; and that the ethical is the decision of this stance, and of partaking and sharing in this scene of separated spacing with other people and things. By discussing various works of modern and contemporary art, literature and philosophy including Robert Rauschenberg's Erased DeKooning Drawing to Felix Gonzalez-Torres’ candy piles and paper stacks, Marguerite Duras’ The Malady of Death, and Roland Barthes’ Camera Lucida, Ricco theorizes various ways in which shared-separation—as the source and sense of existence—is aesthetically presented and sustained as the scene of ethical decision between us. In its three-part division, the book begins with anonymous scenes of drawing and erasing, intrusion and encounter (Part One: “Name No One”), then moves to what are theorized as “naked images” and scenes staged by outstretched and extended bodies in their shared naked exposure to the outside and non-knowledge (Part Two: “Naked”), and then to scenes of exposure to the anteriority of loss, withdrawal and retreat in photography, and amongst the offering of and partaking in, the infinite expenditure of readymade things (Part Three: “Neutral and Unbecoming”).
J. K. Gibson-Graham, Jenny Cameron, and Stephen Healy
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- August 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780816676064
- eISBN:
- 9781452946993
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Minnesota Press
- DOI:
- 10.5749/minnesota/9780816676064.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Economy
If the Global Finance Crisis has taught us anything, it’s that economics as we know it is not working. If global warming means anything, it’s that we have to rethink how we live on this shared ...
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If the Global Finance Crisis has taught us anything, it’s that economics as we know it is not working. If global warming means anything, it’s that we have to rethink how we live on this shared planet. Take Back the Economy is about making the economy work for people and the planet. It is intended for academic researchers, activists, students, community members and citizens interested in how they can contribute to a more just, sustainable and equitable world. The book reframes the idea that the economy is a thing, separate from us and best understood by experts. The economy is presented as a human creation and therefore open to ethical intervention and political imagination. This book explores the actions that people are taking to build ethical economies, and it presents these actions in terms of shared ethical concerns. What’s necessary for human survival? What do we do with the extra or surplus that’s produced over and above what we need to survive? What relationships do we have with other people and with the environments that help to satisfy our needs? What do we use up and consume in the process of satisfying our needs? How do we maintain and replenish the gifts of nature and intellect that all humans rely on? How can we invest in a future worth living in? There are no easy answers to these questions, but across the globe people are responding in novel ways that take into account people and planetary wellbeing. Take Back the Economy features these novel responses and it introduces a series of tools that readers can use to explore the ethical thinking that underpins the responses. It shows readers how they can take back the economy from where they are and using what they have at hand.Less
If the Global Finance Crisis has taught us anything, it’s that economics as we know it is not working. If global warming means anything, it’s that we have to rethink how we live on this shared planet. Take Back the Economy is about making the economy work for people and the planet. It is intended for academic researchers, activists, students, community members and citizens interested in how they can contribute to a more just, sustainable and equitable world. The book reframes the idea that the economy is a thing, separate from us and best understood by experts. The economy is presented as a human creation and therefore open to ethical intervention and political imagination. This book explores the actions that people are taking to build ethical economies, and it presents these actions in terms of shared ethical concerns. What’s necessary for human survival? What do we do with the extra or surplus that’s produced over and above what we need to survive? What relationships do we have with other people and with the environments that help to satisfy our needs? What do we use up and consume in the process of satisfying our needs? How do we maintain and replenish the gifts of nature and intellect that all humans rely on? How can we invest in a future worth living in? There are no easy answers to these questions, but across the globe people are responding in novel ways that take into account people and planetary wellbeing. Take Back the Economy features these novel responses and it introduces a series of tools that readers can use to explore the ethical thinking that underpins the responses. It shows readers how they can take back the economy from where they are and using what they have at hand.
Heike Felzmann
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780719099465
- eISBN:
- 9781526104410
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719099465.003.0013
- Subject:
- Sociology, Culture
This chapter considers two high profile Irish inquiries: the Lourdes Hospital Inquiry on the Neary case and the Health Information and Quality Authority (HIQA) Report on University Hospital Galway ...
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This chapter considers two high profile Irish inquiries: the Lourdes Hospital Inquiry on the Neary case and the Health Information and Quality Authority (HIQA) Report on University Hospital Galway and the care of Savita Halappanavar from an organisational ethics perspective. The chapter outlines the significance of systemic factors in both cases and draws on literature from organisational clinical ethics and business ethics to provide a framework for thinking about the wider ethical responsibilities of healthcare organisations. It outlines how organisational structures are directly implicated in the facilitation of ethical actions by members of the organisation.Less
This chapter considers two high profile Irish inquiries: the Lourdes Hospital Inquiry on the Neary case and the Health Information and Quality Authority (HIQA) Report on University Hospital Galway and the care of Savita Halappanavar from an organisational ethics perspective. The chapter outlines the significance of systemic factors in both cases and draws on literature from organisational clinical ethics and business ethics to provide a framework for thinking about the wider ethical responsibilities of healthcare organisations. It outlines how organisational structures are directly implicated in the facilitation of ethical actions by members of the organisation.
David Hine and Gillian Peele
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780719097133
- eISBN:
- 9781526109873
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719097133.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
Integrity issues have become an important item on the British political agenda since the 1990s when ‘sleaze’ prompted John Major to set up the Committee on Standards in Public Life. The book analyses ...
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Integrity issues have become an important item on the British political agenda since the 1990s when ‘sleaze’ prompted John Major to set up the Committee on Standards in Public Life. The book analyses the range of ethical problems which confront the political system and the efforts to address them. It addresses the tightening of standards in response to misconduct in Parliament, in central and local government and in the devolved systems. It also addresses perennial ethical questions such as lobbying and party funding which continue to trouble the United Kingdom as they do other major democracies. The chief purpose of the book is to understand the regulatory dilemmas which face policy-makers as they struggle to produce new machinery and codes to tackle the risk of misconduct. Thus we examine, for example, the choice between self-regulation and independent regulation, decisions about the amount of transparency required of office-holders, and how to achieve proportionality in the balance between perceived problems and regulatory burdens. We also attempt to assess the impact of more than two decades of ethical engineering on the office holders and the public.Less
Integrity issues have become an important item on the British political agenda since the 1990s when ‘sleaze’ prompted John Major to set up the Committee on Standards in Public Life. The book analyses the range of ethical problems which confront the political system and the efforts to address them. It addresses the tightening of standards in response to misconduct in Parliament, in central and local government and in the devolved systems. It also addresses perennial ethical questions such as lobbying and party funding which continue to trouble the United Kingdom as they do other major democracies. The chief purpose of the book is to understand the regulatory dilemmas which face policy-makers as they struggle to produce new machinery and codes to tackle the risk of misconduct. Thus we examine, for example, the choice between self-regulation and independent regulation, decisions about the amount of transparency required of office-holders, and how to achieve proportionality in the balance between perceived problems and regulatory burdens. We also attempt to assess the impact of more than two decades of ethical engineering on the office holders and the public.
Spike Jeffery and Carlin Nathan
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780195383263
- eISBN:
- 9780199344871
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195383263.003.0016
- Subject:
- Social Work, Health and Mental Health
No profession takes so many years of training yet results in a practice with so much regulation. It is not surprising that doctors might expect that after 7 to 10 years of training they will be ...
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No profession takes so many years of training yet results in a practice with so much regulation. It is not surprising that doctors might expect that after 7 to 10 years of training they will be considered sufficiently expert to wield a large degree of professional autonomy yet are often surprised to find people limiting or disputing their right to make decisions based on their perceived expertise. Lawyers trolling for plaintiffs, Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs) limiting payments on the basis of performance, state licensing rules requiring Continuing Medical Education (CME) courses, patients asking too many questions when only 15 minutes have been scheduled: each of these common situations and more can create restrictions on professional judgment and become potential sources of physician stress. And that is only a tiny representation of the problems doctors face daily. It is not surprising that a number of physicians end up with drug and alcohol problems, even without the additional factor of unusually easy access to these drugs, which their profession also enables. Many American physicians see themselves by and large as an overworked and underappreciated lot; and the fact that the public sees them as relatively rich and powerful only adds to the sense of isolation or dissonance that some physicians feel.Less
No profession takes so many years of training yet results in a practice with so much regulation. It is not surprising that doctors might expect that after 7 to 10 years of training they will be considered sufficiently expert to wield a large degree of professional autonomy yet are often surprised to find people limiting or disputing their right to make decisions based on their perceived expertise. Lawyers trolling for plaintiffs, Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs) limiting payments on the basis of performance, state licensing rules requiring Continuing Medical Education (CME) courses, patients asking too many questions when only 15 minutes have been scheduled: each of these common situations and more can create restrictions on professional judgment and become potential sources of physician stress. And that is only a tiny representation of the problems doctors face daily. It is not surprising that a number of physicians end up with drug and alcohol problems, even without the additional factor of unusually easy access to these drugs, which their profession also enables. Many American physicians see themselves by and large as an overworked and underappreciated lot; and the fact that the public sees them as relatively rich and powerful only adds to the sense of isolation or dissonance that some physicians feel.
Rodrigo Magalhães
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- October 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780198867333
- eISBN:
- 9780191904097
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198867333.001.0001
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Organization Studies
As a topic, organization design is poorly understood. While it is featured in most management textbooks as a chapter dedicated to organizational structures, it is unclear whether organization design ...
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As a topic, organization design is poorly understood. While it is featured in most management textbooks as a chapter dedicated to organizational structures, it is unclear whether organization design is a one-off event or an ongoing process. Thus, it has traditionally been understood to be the same as an organizational configuration, with neat lines of communication and distribution of responsibilities, following pre-set typologies. However, what can be said to constitute organizational structure in this first half of the 21st century? The extraordinary growth of digital communications, the decreasing relevance of hierarchical bureaucracies, and the general demise of command-and-control have all but decimated the traditional notion of organizational structure. In this book it is argued that organization design needs a theoretical revamping. Using a mix of design and social sciences theories and concepts, the new approach is divided into three parts: design logics, design processes, and design leadership. A generic definition of organization design logics is offered, as a set of beliefs shared by managers and entrepreneurs in given sectors of the economy about the way organizations should be designed. Five logics and three types of designing processes are put forward. Logics: (1) the identity logic, (2) the normative logic, (3) the service logic, (4) the logic of effectual reasoning, (5) the logic of interactive structure. Processes: (1) intended design, (2) emergent design, (3) perceived design. For the leadership part, a model of leaderful organization design(ing) is proposed, with the following distinguishing features: (a) practice-based, (b) guided by values of democratic participation, (c) places meaning-making and meaning-taking at the centre of organizational life, (d) driven by design logics, which can be adopted and adapted to suit different internal and external environments.Less
As a topic, organization design is poorly understood. While it is featured in most management textbooks as a chapter dedicated to organizational structures, it is unclear whether organization design is a one-off event or an ongoing process. Thus, it has traditionally been understood to be the same as an organizational configuration, with neat lines of communication and distribution of responsibilities, following pre-set typologies. However, what can be said to constitute organizational structure in this first half of the 21st century? The extraordinary growth of digital communications, the decreasing relevance of hierarchical bureaucracies, and the general demise of command-and-control have all but decimated the traditional notion of organizational structure. In this book it is argued that organization design needs a theoretical revamping. Using a mix of design and social sciences theories and concepts, the new approach is divided into three parts: design logics, design processes, and design leadership. A generic definition of organization design logics is offered, as a set of beliefs shared by managers and entrepreneurs in given sectors of the economy about the way organizations should be designed. Five logics and three types of designing processes are put forward. Logics: (1) the identity logic, (2) the normative logic, (3) the service logic, (4) the logic of effectual reasoning, (5) the logic of interactive structure. Processes: (1) intended design, (2) emergent design, (3) perceived design. For the leadership part, a model of leaderful organization design(ing) is proposed, with the following distinguishing features: (a) practice-based, (b) guided by values of democratic participation, (c) places meaning-making and meaning-taking at the centre of organizational life, (d) driven by design logics, which can be adopted and adapted to suit different internal and external environments.
Thomas Princen
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- January 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780262028806
- eISBN:
- 9780262327077
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262028806.003.0004
- Subject:
- Political Science, Environmental Politics
A politics of fossil fuel exit, of deliberately accelerating a society’s withdrawal from oil, gas, and coal dependence ahead of a geologic imperative, ahead even of economic and financial ...
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A politics of fossil fuel exit, of deliberately accelerating a society’s withdrawal from oil, gas, and coal dependence ahead of a geologic imperative, ahead even of economic and financial imperatives, is ultimately an ethical act. It puts front and center the harm-to-others criterion and relegates to the wings the economic and political (as in electoral and legislative politics) criteria. What is more, a politics (as in the shaping of society’s core values and steering a particular path) of ending the fossil fuel era is one of temporal extension, of taking seriously humans’ past and future, including their geologically and ecologically distant past and future. Temporal extension necessitates ethical extension—from resources to ecosystems, from extraction to regeneration, from human life to nonhuman life, from us to other, from present generations to past and future generations, from material gain to societal integrity and spiritual uplift, from goods-are-good-and-more-goods-must-be-better to the “good life.” In this chapter, Thomas Princen argues for a politics of urgent transition to start stopping fossil fuels, a politics that has begun and is analyzed in the subsequent chapters.Less
A politics of fossil fuel exit, of deliberately accelerating a society’s withdrawal from oil, gas, and coal dependence ahead of a geologic imperative, ahead even of economic and financial imperatives, is ultimately an ethical act. It puts front and center the harm-to-others criterion and relegates to the wings the economic and political (as in electoral and legislative politics) criteria. What is more, a politics (as in the shaping of society’s core values and steering a particular path) of ending the fossil fuel era is one of temporal extension, of taking seriously humans’ past and future, including their geologically and ecologically distant past and future. Temporal extension necessitates ethical extension—from resources to ecosystems, from extraction to regeneration, from human life to nonhuman life, from us to other, from present generations to past and future generations, from material gain to societal integrity and spiritual uplift, from goods-are-good-and-more-goods-must-be-better to the “good life.” In this chapter, Thomas Princen argues for a politics of urgent transition to start stopping fossil fuels, a politics that has begun and is analyzed in the subsequent chapters.
Jan Bryant
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781474456944
- eISBN:
- 9781474476867
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781474456944.003.0013
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Aesthetics
A small selection of works was presented in Part III as examples to show how artists are operating in the contested spaces of the political aesthetic today. Consistent with the historical materialist ...
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A small selection of works was presented in Part III as examples to show how artists are operating in the contested spaces of the political aesthetic today. Consistent with the historical materialist intentions of the book, there was no presumption that this small group of works stood in for universal claims about contemporary practices. Embedded in each of the selected artists’ works is a renewed concern for the way a manipulation of materials and their effect on the senses is connected to a wider politics. In Ranciére’s terms, the representation of a political subject belies the very eidos of the political aesthetic. However, ‘representation’ is a problem in another way. The rejection of work that represents the other comes from an ethical demand to consider the impact art has on the world, how it might contribute positively to a community’s well-being. The artworks and films featured here were developed for this particular historical moment, and despite their differing ways they share a common theme: the critical revaluation of forms of power – particularly those emanating from patriarchal structures or judgements – through material methods of making. [184]Less
A small selection of works was presented in Part III as examples to show how artists are operating in the contested spaces of the political aesthetic today. Consistent with the historical materialist intentions of the book, there was no presumption that this small group of works stood in for universal claims about contemporary practices. Embedded in each of the selected artists’ works is a renewed concern for the way a manipulation of materials and their effect on the senses is connected to a wider politics. In Ranciére’s terms, the representation of a political subject belies the very eidos of the political aesthetic. However, ‘representation’ is a problem in another way. The rejection of work that represents the other comes from an ethical demand to consider the impact art has on the world, how it might contribute positively to a community’s well-being. The artworks and films featured here were developed for this particular historical moment, and despite their differing ways they share a common theme: the critical revaluation of forms of power – particularly those emanating from patriarchal structures or judgements – through material methods of making. [184]
Cheri Lynne Carr
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781474407717
- eISBN:
- 9781474449724
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781474407717.003.0005
- Subject:
- Philosophy, General
Fascism is inseparable from the oppression of others because it is an expression of the desire for repression of one’s own multiple, imbricated, and fluid selves. An ethical life that chooses freedom ...
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Fascism is inseparable from the oppression of others because it is an expression of the desire for repression of one’s own multiple, imbricated, and fluid selves. An ethical life that chooses freedom must therefore nurture those connections that will reinforce habits that foster qualities such as thinking, creativity, and questioning – especially self-questioning that leads to deindividuation. The theory of the subject Deleuze develops in his early work on habit and critique of the faculties is thus the ground of a set of ethical practices that cultivate moral judgment through habits of self-criticism. Because these habits of self-criticism must be lived, practiced, and re-evaluated, Deleuze’s critique is best understood in terms of the Greek notion of an ethos, a way of living the ideas implicit in one’s ontology as ideals. This ethos defined by critique necessitates a permanent creation of our selves as the form of responsibility the analysis of our selves as historical artifacts takes. Thus the critique would not be merely descriptive; it would be practical and it would take its goal to be resisting the forms of experience that constrain thinking – thereby freeing life itself to new potential.Less
Fascism is inseparable from the oppression of others because it is an expression of the desire for repression of one’s own multiple, imbricated, and fluid selves. An ethical life that chooses freedom must therefore nurture those connections that will reinforce habits that foster qualities such as thinking, creativity, and questioning – especially self-questioning that leads to deindividuation. The theory of the subject Deleuze develops in his early work on habit and critique of the faculties is thus the ground of a set of ethical practices that cultivate moral judgment through habits of self-criticism. Because these habits of self-criticism must be lived, practiced, and re-evaluated, Deleuze’s critique is best understood in terms of the Greek notion of an ethos, a way of living the ideas implicit in one’s ontology as ideals. This ethos defined by critique necessitates a permanent creation of our selves as the form of responsibility the analysis of our selves as historical artifacts takes. Thus the critique would not be merely descriptive; it would be practical and it would take its goal to be resisting the forms of experience that constrain thinking – thereby freeing life itself to new potential.
Gay Hawkins, Emily Potter, and Kane Race
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780262029414
- eISBN:
- 9780262329521
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262029414.003.0008
- Subject:
- Environmental Science, Environmental Studies
This chapter examines the ways in which bottled water manufacturers work to redeem and positively reposition bottled water in the face of public attack and market contestation. It discusses ...
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This chapter examines the ways in which bottled water manufacturers work to redeem and positively reposition bottled water in the face of public attack and market contestation. It discusses techniques of ‘ethicalisation’, particularly ethical branding and cause-related marketing. These techniques are employed to re-qualify bottled water as a force for good particularly amongst various communities of ‘need’. The ethicalisation activities of one Australian bottled water brand, Mount Franklin, are analysed in detail. These activities range from cause-related marketing such as associating bottled water with breast cancer research and environmental advocacy, to more complex interventions into remote Indigenous Australian communities where uneven access to cool safe water and consumption of sugary drinks were causing major health problems. In these communities the company ran a ‘Choose Water’ campaign to encourage bottled water consumption as a healthy alternative. This was both a PR strategy and an act of governmentality.Less
This chapter examines the ways in which bottled water manufacturers work to redeem and positively reposition bottled water in the face of public attack and market contestation. It discusses techniques of ‘ethicalisation’, particularly ethical branding and cause-related marketing. These techniques are employed to re-qualify bottled water as a force for good particularly amongst various communities of ‘need’. The ethicalisation activities of one Australian bottled water brand, Mount Franklin, are analysed in detail. These activities range from cause-related marketing such as associating bottled water with breast cancer research and environmental advocacy, to more complex interventions into remote Indigenous Australian communities where uneven access to cool safe water and consumption of sugary drinks were causing major health problems. In these communities the company ran a ‘Choose Water’ campaign to encourage bottled water consumption as a healthy alternative. This was both a PR strategy and an act of governmentality.
Nathan M. Bell
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- May 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780823254255
- eISBN:
- 9780823260959
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823254255.003.0008
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Philosophy of Science
Paul Ricoeur defines the ethical intention as “aiming at the good life, with and for others, in just institutions.” This essay addresses Ricoeur’s ethical intention in relation to environmental ...
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Paul Ricoeur defines the ethical intention as “aiming at the good life, with and for others, in just institutions.” This essay addresses Ricoeur’s ethical intention in relation to environmental ethics with particular reference to environmental identity. The ecological self is, hermeneutically, a direct result of one’s environmental ethic understood in terms of the good life, how this good life is lived with and for human and non-human others, and how social institutions justly embody it. In turn, one’s own self-concept (environmental identity or the ecological self) is shaped through how the good life is understood. Because of the social nature of an environmental ethical intention, questions of social justice related to environmental issues (also known as environmental justice) can be addressed in this framework.Less
Paul Ricoeur defines the ethical intention as “aiming at the good life, with and for others, in just institutions.” This essay addresses Ricoeur’s ethical intention in relation to environmental ethics with particular reference to environmental identity. The ecological self is, hermeneutically, a direct result of one’s environmental ethic understood in terms of the good life, how this good life is lived with and for human and non-human others, and how social institutions justly embody it. In turn, one’s own self-concept (environmental identity or the ecological self) is shaped through how the good life is understood. Because of the social nature of an environmental ethical intention, questions of social justice related to environmental issues (also known as environmental justice) can be addressed in this framework.
Peter Childs
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748620432
- eISBN:
- 9780748671700
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748620432.003.0012
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
J.K. Rowling’s extraordinarily successful series of children’s stories has inspired an unprecedented reaction across the world, in terms of devotion and denunciation. Celebrated in conventions in ...
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J.K. Rowling’s extraordinarily successful series of children’s stories has inspired an unprecedented reaction across the world, in terms of devotion and denunciation. Celebrated in conventions in Bangalore, vilified in southern American schools, the Potter novels seem to present a straightforward binaristic world of good and evil, mixing the subgenres of Victorian orphan fiction, medieval romance, Tolkein fantasy, public school Bildungsroman, and children’s adventure story. Various communities have received the novels very differently from the adulation that has greeted each volume at its launch. Some have condemned the books for promoting magic and the occult: the Seventh Day Adventists banned the novels in 60 of their schools in Australia. The Catholic Church in Poland put pressure on their government to remove them from the national literacy drive. In the UK and the US Christian Fundamentalists have roundly decried the novels and protested against them in print and on film. As discussed here, the moral case against the Harry Potter novels has not been concerned with blasphemy but has rested on their possible influence on the young.Less
J.K. Rowling’s extraordinarily successful series of children’s stories has inspired an unprecedented reaction across the world, in terms of devotion and denunciation. Celebrated in conventions in Bangalore, vilified in southern American schools, the Potter novels seem to present a straightforward binaristic world of good and evil, mixing the subgenres of Victorian orphan fiction, medieval romance, Tolkein fantasy, public school Bildungsroman, and children’s adventure story. Various communities have received the novels very differently from the adulation that has greeted each volume at its launch. Some have condemned the books for promoting magic and the occult: the Seventh Day Adventists banned the novels in 60 of their schools in Australia. The Catholic Church in Poland put pressure on their government to remove them from the national literacy drive. In the UK and the US Christian Fundamentalists have roundly decried the novels and protested against them in print and on film. As discussed here, the moral case against the Harry Potter novels has not been concerned with blasphemy but has rested on their possible influence on the young.
Anna L. Peterson
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- November 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780197532232
- eISBN:
- 9780197532263
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780197532232.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Theology
Works Righteousness is the first full-length study of the place of practice in ethical theory. It is a critique of the idealism of dominant approaches, an analysis of alternative models in which ...
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Works Righteousness is the first full-length study of the place of practice in ethical theory. It is a critique of the idealism of dominant approaches, an analysis of alternative models in which practice plays a more significant role, and an argument for taking practice seriously both in broad questions about ethical theory and in concrete case studies. The book’s main argument is that what people actually do should be central to ethical theory. Rather than assuming that pre-established moral ideas guide action, ethicists should acknowledge and explore the ways that practices generate values and the mutual shaping between ideas and actions. This argument challenges dominant philosophical and religious theories that assume that ideas are what really matter. Works Righteousness analyses the place of practice in these traditions, showing the links between their emphasis on internal states and simple, linear relationships between ideas, actions, and results. These themes are challenged by alternative models such as pragmatism, Marxism, and religious pacifism, which give practice a larger role and in the process highlight important themes such as the way social structures condition moral ideas and actions, the dangers of thinking about moral problems as polarized dilemmas, and the complex mutual shaping of ideas and actions. A practice-focused approach sheds new light on concrete case studies, underlining the value of attention to people’s concrete experiences and relationships in efforts to analyse and address contemporary problems such as hate speech, euthanasia, and climate change.Less
Works Righteousness is the first full-length study of the place of practice in ethical theory. It is a critique of the idealism of dominant approaches, an analysis of alternative models in which practice plays a more significant role, and an argument for taking practice seriously both in broad questions about ethical theory and in concrete case studies. The book’s main argument is that what people actually do should be central to ethical theory. Rather than assuming that pre-established moral ideas guide action, ethicists should acknowledge and explore the ways that practices generate values and the mutual shaping between ideas and actions. This argument challenges dominant philosophical and religious theories that assume that ideas are what really matter. Works Righteousness analyses the place of practice in these traditions, showing the links between their emphasis on internal states and simple, linear relationships between ideas, actions, and results. These themes are challenged by alternative models such as pragmatism, Marxism, and religious pacifism, which give practice a larger role and in the process highlight important themes such as the way social structures condition moral ideas and actions, the dangers of thinking about moral problems as polarized dilemmas, and the complex mutual shaping of ideas and actions. A practice-focused approach sheds new light on concrete case studies, underlining the value of attention to people’s concrete experiences and relationships in efforts to analyse and address contemporary problems such as hate speech, euthanasia, and climate change.
Robert Stern
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- February 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780198829027
- eISBN:
- 9780191867453
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198829027.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Political Philosophy
This book focuses on the ethics of the Danish philosopher and theologian K. E. Løgstrup (1905–81), and in particular on his key text The Ethical Demand (1956). The first part of the book provides a ...
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This book focuses on the ethics of the Danish philosopher and theologian K. E. Løgstrup (1905–81), and in particular on his key text The Ethical Demand (1956). The first part of the book provides a commentary on The Ethical Demand. The second part contains chapters on Løgstrup as a natural law theorist; his critique of Kant and Kierkegaard; his relation to Levinas; the difference between his position and the second-person ethics of Stephen Darwall; and the role of Luther in Løgstrup’s thinking. Overall, it is argued that Løgstrup rejects accounts of ethical obligation based on the commands of God, or on abstract principles governing practical reason, or on social norms; instead he develops a different picture, at the basis of which is our interdependence, which he argues gives his ethics a grounding in the nature of life itself. The book claims that Løgstrup offers a distinctive and attractive account of our moral obligation to others, which fits into the natural law tradition.Less
This book focuses on the ethics of the Danish philosopher and theologian K. E. Løgstrup (1905–81), and in particular on his key text The Ethical Demand (1956). The first part of the book provides a commentary on The Ethical Demand. The second part contains chapters on Løgstrup as a natural law theorist; his critique of Kant and Kierkegaard; his relation to Levinas; the difference between his position and the second-person ethics of Stephen Darwall; and the role of Luther in Løgstrup’s thinking. Overall, it is argued that Løgstrup rejects accounts of ethical obligation based on the commands of God, or on abstract principles governing practical reason, or on social norms; instead he develops a different picture, at the basis of which is our interdependence, which he argues gives his ethics a grounding in the nature of life itself. The book claims that Løgstrup offers a distinctive and attractive account of our moral obligation to others, which fits into the natural law tradition.
