Mark Casson
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780198297802
- eISBN:
- 9780191596063
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198297807.001.0001
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Microeconomics
Offers a vision of the economy as a system of structured information flow. The structuring is effected by institutions, and in particular, by firms, which specialize in processing the information ...
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Offers a vision of the economy as a system of structured information flow. The structuring is effected by institutions, and in particular, by firms, which specialize in processing the information needed to allocate resources properly. Market‐making firms that intermediate between producers and consumers by developing brands, are particularly important in this respect. Firms are the institutional embodiment of the visions of the entrepreneurs who found them. Firms grow and decline, creating a highly flexible structure of information processing in society, which evolves and adapts as circumstances change. The book uses these general concepts to analyse the historical development of a number of specialist information subsystems, including business networks, industrial districts, and trading empires.Less
Offers a vision of the economy as a system of structured information flow. The structuring is effected by institutions, and in particular, by firms, which specialize in processing the information needed to allocate resources properly. Market‐making firms that intermediate between producers and consumers by developing brands, are particularly important in this respect. Firms are the institutional embodiment of the visions of the entrepreneurs who found them. Firms grow and decline, creating a highly flexible structure of information processing in society, which evolves and adapts as circumstances change. The book uses these general concepts to analyse the historical development of a number of specialist information subsystems, including business networks, industrial districts, and trading empires.
Don Rose and Cam Patterson
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781469625263
- eISBN:
- 9781469625287
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469625263.003.0006
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Innovation
In a university startup ecosystem, there are a number of stakeholders. The faculty founder is one of the key stakeholders, being one of the inventors of the innovation, a founder of the startup, and ...
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In a university startup ecosystem, there are a number of stakeholders. The faculty founder is one of the key stakeholders, being one of the inventors of the innovation, a founder of the startup, and likely engaged with the startup’s product development and fundraising. They need to understand their motivations founding the company and expectations for the roles they can play in helping the company. They also need to understand the constraints placed on them in terms of conflict of interest and commitment. The entrepreneur is one of the key external stakeholders who typically partners with the faculty founder to launch and grow the startup. For entrepreneurs, they need to understand the nuances of working with a faculty founder as well as working with the university to license the innovation. For these two stakeholders, a number of “lessons learned” are provided experienced faculty founders and entrepreneurs. The final stakeholder is the university administration. They need to understand the types of programs and policies that can help build and support a thriving entrepreneurial ecosystem.Less
In a university startup ecosystem, there are a number of stakeholders. The faculty founder is one of the key stakeholders, being one of the inventors of the innovation, a founder of the startup, and likely engaged with the startup’s product development and fundraising. They need to understand their motivations founding the company and expectations for the roles they can play in helping the company. They also need to understand the constraints placed on them in terms of conflict of interest and commitment. The entrepreneur is one of the key external stakeholders who typically partners with the faculty founder to launch and grow the startup. For entrepreneurs, they need to understand the nuances of working with a faculty founder as well as working with the university to license the innovation. For these two stakeholders, a number of “lessons learned” are provided experienced faculty founders and entrepreneurs. The final stakeholder is the university administration. They need to understand the types of programs and policies that can help build and support a thriving entrepreneurial ecosystem.
Luis Perez-Breva
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- September 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780262035354
- eISBN:
- 9780262336680
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262035354.001.0001
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Innovation
Society celebrates innovation after the fact. It is a revisionist exercise, and little is said about how to innovate. Aspiring innovators are told to get a big idea and a team and build a ...
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Society celebrates innovation after the fact. It is a revisionist exercise, and little is said about how to innovate. Aspiring innovators are told to get a big idea and a team and build a show-and-tell for potential investors. But that conflates innovation, entrepreneurship, publicizing an idea, and fundraising; it does not clue aspiring innovators on how to begin. Innovating shows how actually to get started and innovate for impact and scale—a skill you can practice and master through learning. It is a doer’s approach for the explorers of our time, developed over a decade at MIT and internationally in workshops, classes, and companies. It shows innovating does not require an earth-shattering idea; indeed, no thing is new at the outset of what we only later celebrate as innovation. It takes only a hunch, and anyone can do it. By prototyping a problem and learning by being wrong, innovating can be scaled up to make an impact. The process is empirical, experimental, nonlinear, and incremental: give a hunch the structure of a problem; use anything as a part; accrue other people’s knowledge and skills in the course of innovating; systematize what is learned; advocate, communicate, scale up, manage innovating continuously, and document. Questions outlined in the book help innovators think in new ways. It is even possible to create a kit for innovating.Less
Society celebrates innovation after the fact. It is a revisionist exercise, and little is said about how to innovate. Aspiring innovators are told to get a big idea and a team and build a show-and-tell for potential investors. But that conflates innovation, entrepreneurship, publicizing an idea, and fundraising; it does not clue aspiring innovators on how to begin. Innovating shows how actually to get started and innovate for impact and scale—a skill you can practice and master through learning. It is a doer’s approach for the explorers of our time, developed over a decade at MIT and internationally in workshops, classes, and companies. It shows innovating does not require an earth-shattering idea; indeed, no thing is new at the outset of what we only later celebrate as innovation. It takes only a hunch, and anyone can do it. By prototyping a problem and learning by being wrong, innovating can be scaled up to make an impact. The process is empirical, experimental, nonlinear, and incremental: give a hunch the structure of a problem; use anything as a part; accrue other people’s knowledge and skills in the course of innovating; systematize what is learned; advocate, communicate, scale up, manage innovating continuously, and document. Questions outlined in the book help innovators think in new ways. It is even possible to create a kit for innovating.
Shannon Winnubst
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780231172950
- eISBN:
- 9780231539883
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231172950.003.0002
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Moral Philosophy
Through a close reading of Foucault's 1979 lectures on neoliberalism, The Birth of Biopolitics, I explore the implications of a non-ideological approach to neoliberalism. More specifically, I ...
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Through a close reading of Foucault's 1979 lectures on neoliberalism, The Birth of Biopolitics, I explore the implications of a non-ideological approach to neoliberalism. More specifically, I excavate the central categorical and epistemological transformations that Foucault argues occur in the shifts from classical liberalism to neoliberalism: the sites and mechanisms of truth (from the contract to the market; from the protection of ownership to the expansion of maximizing interests); dominant social values (from utility to human capital); concepts of freedom (from Rights of Man to subjects of interests); concepts of subjectivity (from “citizen” to “entrepreneur”); and modes of rationality (from juridical to calculative).Less
Through a close reading of Foucault's 1979 lectures on neoliberalism, The Birth of Biopolitics, I explore the implications of a non-ideological approach to neoliberalism. More specifically, I excavate the central categorical and epistemological transformations that Foucault argues occur in the shifts from classical liberalism to neoliberalism: the sites and mechanisms of truth (from the contract to the market; from the protection of ownership to the expansion of maximizing interests); dominant social values (from utility to human capital); concepts of freedom (from Rights of Man to subjects of interests); concepts of subjectivity (from “citizen” to “entrepreneur”); and modes of rationality (from juridical to calculative).
Corey Kai Nelson Schultz
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781474421614
- eISBN:
- 9781474449588
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781474421614.003.0005
- Subject:
- Film, Television and Radio, Film
In chapter 5, the book concludes by analyzing the contradictory representations and structures of feeling associated with the entrepreneur figure. In many of Jia’s films, this figure is a threatening ...
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In chapter 5, the book concludes by analyzing the contradictory representations and structures of feeling associated with the entrepreneur figure. In many of Jia’s films, this figure is a threatening criminal who represents and evokes the anxiety surrounding market reforms in the early Reform era, and produces a structure of feeling that embodies the confusion, economic abuses, and fear of changing to a market economy. However, some of the films also present the figure of the rushang, who is a businessperson imbued with traditional Confucian characteristics, who is depicted as philosophical, friendly, and inspirational, and is tempered by traditional Confucian values, such as filial piety, patriotism, and anti-materialism, making it a figure to be lauded, not feared. These benign entrepreneurs have adapted to the new economy and are thriving because of it, but are also altruistic towards the common people and thus serve as inspirational models. This rushang is not the “New Socialist Human” that was the aspiration for the previous Maoist period, but is rather a “New Reform Human” for the Reform era – the resulting construction from the destruction of the Maoist state.Less
In chapter 5, the book concludes by analyzing the contradictory representations and structures of feeling associated with the entrepreneur figure. In many of Jia’s films, this figure is a threatening criminal who represents and evokes the anxiety surrounding market reforms in the early Reform era, and produces a structure of feeling that embodies the confusion, economic abuses, and fear of changing to a market economy. However, some of the films also present the figure of the rushang, who is a businessperson imbued with traditional Confucian characteristics, who is depicted as philosophical, friendly, and inspirational, and is tempered by traditional Confucian values, such as filial piety, patriotism, and anti-materialism, making it a figure to be lauded, not feared. These benign entrepreneurs have adapted to the new economy and are thriving because of it, but are also altruistic towards the common people and thus serve as inspirational models. This rushang is not the “New Socialist Human” that was the aspiration for the previous Maoist period, but is rather a “New Reform Human” for the Reform era – the resulting construction from the destruction of the Maoist state.
Jennifer M. Brinkerhoff
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780190278229
- eISBN:
- 9780190278250
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190278229.003.0002
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, International
Part I reviews what is known about the entrepreneurial personality and entrepreneurial behavior and explores how motivation theories apply to entrepreneurs. Part II identifies potential diaspora ...
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Part I reviews what is known about the entrepreneurial personality and entrepreneurial behavior and explores how motivation theories apply to entrepreneurs. Part II identifies potential diaspora advantages for entrepreneurism. First, there may be a correlation between diasporans and entrepreneurs in terms of personal characteristics, leading to an overrepresentation of entrepreneurs within diasporas (most likely among those who have electively migrated). Second, the migration experience may reinforce some of these personal characteristics and entrepreneurial behavior. Third, the diaspora identity itself—mixing two sociocultural worlds—may suggest advantages. Fourth, the diaspora identity and experience can inspire motivation to target entrepreneurial behavior to the country of origin. The chapter identifies a typology of entrepreneurs, which may have application beyond diaspora communities, and concludes with important caveats. Not all diasporans will manifest potential advantages for entrepreneurism.Less
Part I reviews what is known about the entrepreneurial personality and entrepreneurial behavior and explores how motivation theories apply to entrepreneurs. Part II identifies potential diaspora advantages for entrepreneurism. First, there may be a correlation between diasporans and entrepreneurs in terms of personal characteristics, leading to an overrepresentation of entrepreneurs within diasporas (most likely among those who have electively migrated). Second, the migration experience may reinforce some of these personal characteristics and entrepreneurial behavior. Third, the diaspora identity itself—mixing two sociocultural worlds—may suggest advantages. Fourth, the diaspora identity and experience can inspire motivation to target entrepreneurial behavior to the country of origin. The chapter identifies a typology of entrepreneurs, which may have application beyond diaspora communities, and concludes with important caveats. Not all diasporans will manifest potential advantages for entrepreneurism.
Petter Nesser
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- October 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780190264024
- eISBN:
- 9780190638566
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190264024.003.0010
- Subject:
- Political Science, Security Studies
The chapter theorizes the inner life of terrorist cells, and presents a new model for interpreting data on radicalization and recruitment. It distinguishes between four ideal-type terrorists: the ...
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The chapter theorizes the inner life of terrorist cells, and presents a new model for interpreting data on radicalization and recruitment. It distinguishes between four ideal-type terrorists: the entrepreneur, the protégé, the misfit and the drifter, who join militancy differently. The chapter highlights the role of ideologically motivated entrepreneurs in building terrorist cells on behalf of armed jihadis in conflict zones. Entrepreneurs bring structure and organization to the disaffected majority of misfits and drifters, turning them into tools for groups such as al-Qaida and IS. This dynamic makes the threat more organized and transnational than is commonly assumed.Less
The chapter theorizes the inner life of terrorist cells, and presents a new model for interpreting data on radicalization and recruitment. It distinguishes between four ideal-type terrorists: the entrepreneur, the protégé, the misfit and the drifter, who join militancy differently. The chapter highlights the role of ideologically motivated entrepreneurs in building terrorist cells on behalf of armed jihadis in conflict zones. Entrepreneurs bring structure and organization to the disaffected majority of misfits and drifters, turning them into tools for groups such as al-Qaida and IS. This dynamic makes the threat more organized and transnational than is commonly assumed.
