B.W. Young
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- January 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780199256228
- eISBN:
- 9780191719660
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199256228.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History
The Victorians were preoccupied by the 18th century. It was central to many 19th-century debates, particularly those concerning the place of history and religion in national life. This book explores ...
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The Victorians were preoccupied by the 18th century. It was central to many 19th-century debates, particularly those concerning the place of history and religion in national life. This book explores the diverse responses of key Victorian writers and thinkers — Thomas Carlyle, John Henry Newman, Leslie Stephen, Vernon Lee, and M. R. James — to a period which commanded their interest throughout the Victorian era, from the accession of Queen Victoria to the opening decades of the 20th century. They were, on the one hand, appalled by the apparent frivolity of the 18th century, which was denounced by Carlyle as a dispiriting successor to the culture of Puritan England, and, on the other they were concerned to continue its secularizing influence on English culture, as is seen in the pioneering work of Leslie Stephen, who was passionately keen to transform the legacy of 18th-century scepticism into Victorian agnosticism. The Victorian interest in the 18th century was never a purely insular matter, and the history of 18th-century France, Germany, and Italy played a dominant role in the 19th-century historical understanding. A debate between generations was enacted, in which Romanticism melded into Victorianism. The Victorians were haunted by the 18th century, both metaphorically and literally, and the book closes with consideration of the culturally resonant 18th-century ghosts encountered in the fiction of Vernon Lee and M. R. James.Less
The Victorians were preoccupied by the 18th century. It was central to many 19th-century debates, particularly those concerning the place of history and religion in national life. This book explores the diverse responses of key Victorian writers and thinkers — Thomas Carlyle, John Henry Newman, Leslie Stephen, Vernon Lee, and M. R. James — to a period which commanded their interest throughout the Victorian era, from the accession of Queen Victoria to the opening decades of the 20th century. They were, on the one hand, appalled by the apparent frivolity of the 18th century, which was denounced by Carlyle as a dispiriting successor to the culture of Puritan England, and, on the other they were concerned to continue its secularizing influence on English culture, as is seen in the pioneering work of Leslie Stephen, who was passionately keen to transform the legacy of 18th-century scepticism into Victorian agnosticism. The Victorian interest in the 18th century was never a purely insular matter, and the history of 18th-century France, Germany, and Italy played a dominant role in the 19th-century historical understanding. A debate between generations was enacted, in which Romanticism melded into Victorianism. The Victorians were haunted by the 18th century, both metaphorically and literally, and the book closes with consideration of the culturally resonant 18th-century ghosts encountered in the fiction of Vernon Lee and M. R. James.
Anna Wierzbicka
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195368000
- eISBN:
- 9780199867653
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195368000.003.0008
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Semantics and Pragmatics
Common sense is one of the central values of Anglo culture reflected in the English language. This chapter begins by demonstrating the importance of this value for speakers of English by examining ...
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Common sense is one of the central values of Anglo culture reflected in the English language. This chapter begins by demonstrating the importance of this value for speakers of English by examining two areas of language use: book titles and the language of the law. It then discusses the meaning of common sense in contemporary English, Thomas Reid and the origin of English common sense, and common sense and the British Enlightenment.Less
Common sense is one of the central values of Anglo culture reflected in the English language. This chapter begins by demonstrating the importance of this value for speakers of English by examining two areas of language use: book titles and the language of the law. It then discusses the meaning of common sense in contemporary English, Thomas Reid and the origin of English common sense, and common sense and the British Enlightenment.
Craig Cairns
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780197263129
- eISBN:
- 9780191734861
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197263129.003.0010
- Subject:
- History, Cultural History
This chapter criticizes Keith Robbins' lecture on the history of Ireland, Scotland and Wales. It argues that Robbins' request for correspondence and dialogue contradicts his previous statement that ...
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This chapter criticizes Keith Robbins' lecture on the history of Ireland, Scotland and Wales. It argues that Robbins' request for correspondence and dialogue contradicts his previous statement that History and Historians in the Twentieth Century provides no place for British historical writing in the twentieth century which had been written in the United Kingdom outside England. It also questions Robbins' use of a model of national culture which derives from and sustains the structure of English culture as the measure by which other national cultures are to be valued.Less
This chapter criticizes Keith Robbins' lecture on the history of Ireland, Scotland and Wales. It argues that Robbins' request for correspondence and dialogue contradicts his previous statement that History and Historians in the Twentieth Century provides no place for British historical writing in the twentieth century which had been written in the United Kingdom outside England. It also questions Robbins' use of a model of national culture which derives from and sustains the structure of English culture as the measure by which other national cultures are to be valued.
Scott Smith-Bannister
- Published in print:
- 1997
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198206637
- eISBN:
- 9780191677250
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198206637.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History, Social History
This book contains the results of the first large-scale quantitative investigation of naming practices in early modern England. It traces the history of the fundamentally ...
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This book contains the results of the first large-scale quantitative investigation of naming practices in early modern England. It traces the history of the fundamentally significant human act of naming one's children during a period of great economic, social, and religious upheaval. Using in part the huge pool of names accumulated by the Cambridge Group for the History of Population and Social Structure, the book sets out to show which names were most commonly used, how children came to be given these names, why they were named after godparents, parents, siblings, or saints, and how social status affected naming patterns. The chief historical significance of this research lies in the discovery of a substantial shift in naming practices in this period: away from medieval patterns of naming a child after a godparent and towards naming them after a parent. In establishing the chronology of how parents came to exercise greater choice in naming their children and over the nature of naming practices, it successfully supersedes previous scholarship on this subject. Resolutely statistical and rich in anecdote, this exploration of this deeply revealing subject will have far-reaching implications for the history of the English family and culture.Less
This book contains the results of the first large-scale quantitative investigation of naming practices in early modern England. It traces the history of the fundamentally significant human act of naming one's children during a period of great economic, social, and religious upheaval. Using in part the huge pool of names accumulated by the Cambridge Group for the History of Population and Social Structure, the book sets out to show which names were most commonly used, how children came to be given these names, why they were named after godparents, parents, siblings, or saints, and how social status affected naming patterns. The chief historical significance of this research lies in the discovery of a substantial shift in naming practices in this period: away from medieval patterns of naming a child after a godparent and towards naming them after a parent. In establishing the chronology of how parents came to exercise greater choice in naming their children and over the nature of naming practices, it successfully supersedes previous scholarship on this subject. Resolutely statistical and rich in anecdote, this exploration of this deeply revealing subject will have far-reaching implications for the history of the English family and culture.
Jane E. Everson, Andrew Hiscock, and Stefano Jossa (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- September 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780197266502
- eISBN:
- 9780191884221
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197266502.001.0001
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Poetry and Poets: Classical, Early, and Medieval
The volume assesses the changing impact on English culture over 500 years of Ariosto’s poem, the Orlando Furioso, first published in Italy in 1516, and subsequently in an expanded version in 1532. ...
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The volume assesses the changing impact on English culture over 500 years of Ariosto’s poem, the Orlando Furioso, first published in Italy in 1516, and subsequently in an expanded version in 1532. Individual chapters address the recurring presence of Ariosto’s poem in English literature, but also the multimedial nature of the transmission of the Furioso into English culture: through the visual arts, theatre, music and spectacle to video games and the internet, as well as through often heated critical debates. The introduction provides an overview of the history of criticism and interpretation of the Furioso in England. Within the four main sections – entitled: Before reading – the image; From the Elizabethans to the Enlightenment; Gothic and Romantic Ariosto; Text and translation in the modern era – individual studies explore key moments in the reception of the poem into English culture: the adaptation and translation of the poem among the Elizabethans; Milton’s detailed appreciation of the work; and the ambivalent attitudes of eighteenth-century writers and critics; the influence of illustrations to the poem; and its transformation into opera for the English stage. Emphasis is also placed on: the dynamic responses of Romantic writers to Ariosto; the crucial work of editors and translators in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries; and the stimulating adaptations and rewritings by modern authors. The volume concludes with a comprehensive bibliography.Less
The volume assesses the changing impact on English culture over 500 years of Ariosto’s poem, the Orlando Furioso, first published in Italy in 1516, and subsequently in an expanded version in 1532. Individual chapters address the recurring presence of Ariosto’s poem in English literature, but also the multimedial nature of the transmission of the Furioso into English culture: through the visual arts, theatre, music and spectacle to video games and the internet, as well as through often heated critical debates. The introduction provides an overview of the history of criticism and interpretation of the Furioso in England. Within the four main sections – entitled: Before reading – the image; From the Elizabethans to the Enlightenment; Gothic and Romantic Ariosto; Text and translation in the modern era – individual studies explore key moments in the reception of the poem into English culture: the adaptation and translation of the poem among the Elizabethans; Milton’s detailed appreciation of the work; and the ambivalent attitudes of eighteenth-century writers and critics; the influence of illustrations to the poem; and its transformation into opera for the English stage. Emphasis is also placed on: the dynamic responses of Romantic writers to Ariosto; the crucial work of editors and translators in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries; and the stimulating adaptations and rewritings by modern authors. The volume concludes with a comprehensive bibliography.
Nicholas Brooks
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780197263020
- eISBN:
- 9780191734199
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197263020.003.0015
- Subject:
- History, Historiography
Henry Loyn conveyed his enthusiasm for early medieval history and English culture to generations of Cardiff and London students. He had a wonderful gift for friendship and for bringing out the best ...
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Henry Loyn conveyed his enthusiasm for early medieval history and English culture to generations of Cardiff and London students. He had a wonderful gift for friendship and for bringing out the best in people. His scholarship was devoted to transmitting understanding of English history, rather than to changing interpretations of it. It is as a teacher and a wonderful friend that he will be remembered. He left a positive mark on all the institutions he served.Less
Henry Loyn conveyed his enthusiasm for early medieval history and English culture to generations of Cardiff and London students. He had a wonderful gift for friendship and for bringing out the best in people. His scholarship was devoted to transmitting understanding of English history, rather than to changing interpretations of it. It is as a teacher and a wonderful friend that he will be remembered. He left a positive mark on all the institutions he served.
R.R. Davies
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199257249
- eISBN:
- 9780191698439
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199257249.003.0008
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Medieval History
The surrender of the Scottish political leaders in the spring of 1304 marked the beginning of the final capitulation of the Scots. Edward I then directed that the records of English bureaucracy be ...
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The surrender of the Scottish political leaders in the spring of 1304 marked the beginning of the final capitulation of the Scots. Edward I then directed that the records of English bureaucracy be carried back to its headquarters in Westminster. In 1305, Edward had reason to believe that his authority over the British Isles was secure, as Scotland, Wales, and Ireland were learning administrative processes that were in favour of English culture. Also, several events, such as the arrest and death of William Wallace, reinforced Edward’s power. Within ten years, however, the situation changed because the people seemed far from being ‘united’. Several setbacks and even a revolt occurred. All these events resulted in the English losing their will and nerve and a military shift to a propaganda war. This chapter elaborates on other events that accompanied this backslide.Less
The surrender of the Scottish political leaders in the spring of 1304 marked the beginning of the final capitulation of the Scots. Edward I then directed that the records of English bureaucracy be carried back to its headquarters in Westminster. In 1305, Edward had reason to believe that his authority over the British Isles was secure, as Scotland, Wales, and Ireland were learning administrative processes that were in favour of English culture. Also, several events, such as the arrest and death of William Wallace, reinforced Edward’s power. Within ten years, however, the situation changed because the people seemed far from being ‘united’. Several setbacks and even a revolt occurred. All these events resulted in the English losing their will and nerve and a military shift to a propaganda war. This chapter elaborates on other events that accompanied this backslide.
Lawrence Danson
- Published in print:
- 1998
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780198186281
- eISBN:
- 9780191674488
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198186281.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, 19th-century and Victorian Literature
What were Oscar Wilde's intentions? They had always been suspect, from the time of Poems, when the charge was plagiarism, to his trials, when the charge was sodomy. In Intentions (1891), the book on ...
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What were Oscar Wilde's intentions? They had always been suspect, from the time of Poems, when the charge was plagiarism, to his trials, when the charge was sodomy. In Intentions (1891), the book on which his claim as a theoretical critic chiefly lies, and in two related essays, ‘The Portrait of Mr W. H.’ and ‘The Soul of Man Under Socialism’, Wilde's epigrammatic dazzle and paradoxical subversions both reveal and mask his designs upon fin-de-siecle society. This extended study of Wilde's criticism examines these essays/dialogues/fictions (unsettling the categories was one of their intentions) and assesses their achievement. The book sets Wilde's criticism in context. It shows how the son of an Irish patriot sought to create a new ideal of English culture by elevating ‘lies’ above history, levelling the distinction between artist and critic, and ending the sway of ‘nature’ over liberated human desire.Less
What were Oscar Wilde's intentions? They had always been suspect, from the time of Poems, when the charge was plagiarism, to his trials, when the charge was sodomy. In Intentions (1891), the book on which his claim as a theoretical critic chiefly lies, and in two related essays, ‘The Portrait of Mr W. H.’ and ‘The Soul of Man Under Socialism’, Wilde's epigrammatic dazzle and paradoxical subversions both reveal and mask his designs upon fin-de-siecle society. This extended study of Wilde's criticism examines these essays/dialogues/fictions (unsettling the categories was one of their intentions) and assesses their achievement. The book sets Wilde's criticism in context. It shows how the son of an Irish patriot sought to create a new ideal of English culture by elevating ‘lies’ above history, levelling the distinction between artist and critic, and ending the sway of ‘nature’ over liberated human desire.
Liora Lazarus
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199259830
- eISBN:
- 9780191698644
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199259830.003.0006
- Subject:
- Law, Criminal Law and Criminology, Human Rights and Immigration
This chapter highlights two important features distinguishing Germany and England: the differing weights of fundamental rights within contemporary constitutional culture and the divergent conception ...
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This chapter highlights two important features distinguishing Germany and England: the differing weights of fundamental rights within contemporary constitutional culture and the divergent conception of the prisoners' fundamental rights status. In contrast to Germany's faith in fundamental rights and its systematic and comprehensive approach to fundamental rights protection, England experiences a cultural tension between an emergent rights culture and an established tradition of rights scepticism and respect for parliamentary sovereignty. The English and European conception of the prisoner's fundamental rights status also does not include any explicit articulation of the prisoner's administrative rights status or any positive conception of prisoners' rights.Less
This chapter highlights two important features distinguishing Germany and England: the differing weights of fundamental rights within contemporary constitutional culture and the divergent conception of the prisoners' fundamental rights status. In contrast to Germany's faith in fundamental rights and its systematic and comprehensive approach to fundamental rights protection, England experiences a cultural tension between an emergent rights culture and an established tradition of rights scepticism and respect for parliamentary sovereignty. The English and European conception of the prisoner's fundamental rights status also does not include any explicit articulation of the prisoner's administrative rights status or any positive conception of prisoners' rights.
Ian Loader and Aogán Mulcahy
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780198299066
- eISBN:
- 9780191685583
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198299066.003.0009
- Subject:
- Law, Criminal Law and Criminology
This chapter offers an assessment of the current condition of English policing culture. This entails revisiting Raymond Williams' threefold typology of cultural forms — the dominant, the residual, ...
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This chapter offers an assessment of the current condition of English policing culture. This entails revisiting Raymond Williams' threefold typology of cultural forms — the dominant, the residual, and the emergent — sketched towards the end of Chapter 2 and which has quietly guided subsequent efforts at interpretation. In recapitulating the principal themes that featured in Parts II and III of this book, the chapter aims to further a sociological and political analysis of the mix of lay, professional, and governmental sensibilities that struggle with one another to constitute (and re-constitute) English policing culture.Less
This chapter offers an assessment of the current condition of English policing culture. This entails revisiting Raymond Williams' threefold typology of cultural forms — the dominant, the residual, and the emergent — sketched towards the end of Chapter 2 and which has quietly guided subsequent efforts at interpretation. In recapitulating the principal themes that featured in Parts II and III of this book, the chapter aims to further a sociological and political analysis of the mix of lay, professional, and governmental sensibilities that struggle with one another to constitute (and re-constitute) English policing culture.
Michael Dobson
- Published in print:
- 1994
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198183235
- eISBN:
- 9780191673979
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198183235.003.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, Shakespeare Studies, Poetry
This introductory chapter begins with a discussion of the purpose of the book, which is to describe how Shakespeare came to occupy the centre of English literary culture between the restoration of ...
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This introductory chapter begins with a discussion of the purpose of the book, which is to describe how Shakespeare came to occupy the centre of English literary culture between the restoration of the monarchy and the Stratford Jubilee. It argues that the transformation of Shakespeare's status from the comparative neglect of the Restoration to national, indeed global, pre-eminence constitutes one of the central cultural expressions of England's own transition from the aristocratic regime of the Stuarts to the commercial empire presided over by the Hanoverians. An overview of the subsequent chapters is presented.Less
This introductory chapter begins with a discussion of the purpose of the book, which is to describe how Shakespeare came to occupy the centre of English literary culture between the restoration of the monarchy and the Stratford Jubilee. It argues that the transformation of Shakespeare's status from the comparative neglect of the Restoration to national, indeed global, pre-eminence constitutes one of the central cultural expressions of England's own transition from the aristocratic regime of the Stuarts to the commercial empire presided over by the Hanoverians. An overview of the subsequent chapters is presented.
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- June 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780804783620
- eISBN:
- 9780804784580
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Stanford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.11126/stanford/9780804783620.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History
This chapter explores the whole spectrum of available venues and genres in which political ideas were expressed and through which the English people received and contributed to their general ...
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This chapter explores the whole spectrum of available venues and genres in which political ideas were expressed and through which the English people received and contributed to their general political culture from the reign of Elizabeth to just prior to the transformation of 1688. Genres or forms of expression offer a useful window for exploring political life. The term “genre” is used to indicate a recognizable form of expression typically following a set of known rhetorical features. This study addresses the channels of early modern English political culture. The period focused upon in this book is 1558–1688. Deeply held religious beliefs, identifications, and habits of mind were embedded elements of the English political culture in which the genres of political expression were at play. Finally, an overview of the chapters included in this book is given.Less
This chapter explores the whole spectrum of available venues and genres in which political ideas were expressed and through which the English people received and contributed to their general political culture from the reign of Elizabeth to just prior to the transformation of 1688. Genres or forms of expression offer a useful window for exploring political life. The term “genre” is used to indicate a recognizable form of expression typically following a set of known rhetorical features. This study addresses the channels of early modern English political culture. The period focused upon in this book is 1558–1688. Deeply held religious beliefs, identifications, and habits of mind were embedded elements of the English political culture in which the genres of political expression were at play. Finally, an overview of the chapters included in this book is given.
Bethany Wiggin
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780801476808
- eISBN:
- 9780801460074
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9780801476808.003.0006
- Subject:
- Literature, European Literature
This concluding chapter sketches how fashion again shook the borders of the literary field and dramatically changed the geography of the European novel. It captures that change at a still early ...
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This concluding chapter sketches how fashion again shook the borders of the literary field and dramatically changed the geography of the European novel. It captures that change at a still early stage. In 1723, cracks were visible in French hegemony, but French models retained their power. The cracks were forced by the sudden emergence of England as a rival cultural power. French and English imperial contests are more usually studied in colonial North America and in the theater of war. But the battle for preeminence among the moderns involved culture wars as well. Germans, who had both resisted French influence and then sought to poach from it, saw an ally in English culture.Less
This concluding chapter sketches how fashion again shook the borders of the literary field and dramatically changed the geography of the European novel. It captures that change at a still early stage. In 1723, cracks were visible in French hegemony, but French models retained their power. The cracks were forced by the sudden emergence of England as a rival cultural power. French and English imperial contests are more usually studied in colonial North America and in the theater of war. But the battle for preeminence among the moderns involved culture wars as well. Germans, who had both resisted French influence and then sought to poach from it, saw an ally in English culture.
Gillian I. Leitch
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- June 2013
- ISBN:
- 9781846318191
- eISBN:
- 9781846317712
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/UPO9781846317712.007
- Subject:
- History, Economic History
This chapter examines English ethnic culture in Montreal during the period from 1800 to 1864, focusing not only on commemorations and ethnic festivals but also on sporting activities that helped ...
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This chapter examines English ethnic culture in Montreal during the period from 1800 to 1864, focusing not only on commemorations and ethnic festivals but also on sporting activities that helped bring immigrants together. It describes how Montreal's English population utilised public events to display their Englishness for the purpose of expressing shared roots and suggests that Saint George's Day celebration a direct response to the ethnic composition of Montreal drawn upon by English migrants in the face of an increasingly vocal French population. This chapter also considers how the emerging expressions of Englishness served to cement community ties in a city with a large proportion of French–speaking Canadians.Less
This chapter examines English ethnic culture in Montreal during the period from 1800 to 1864, focusing not only on commemorations and ethnic festivals but also on sporting activities that helped bring immigrants together. It describes how Montreal's English population utilised public events to display their Englishness for the purpose of expressing shared roots and suggests that Saint George's Day celebration a direct response to the ethnic composition of Montreal drawn upon by English migrants in the face of an increasingly vocal French population. This chapter also considers how the emerging expressions of Englishness served to cement community ties in a city with a large proportion of French–speaking Canadians.
Margaret Ellen Newell
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780801434150
- eISBN:
- 9780801456480
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9780801434150.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, American History: early to 18th Century
This chapter examines the assimilation and rejection of English culture by Pequot Indian captives. The slaves who acculturated enough to understand the society and system in which they now had to ...
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This chapter examines the assimilation and rejection of English culture by Pequot Indian captives. The slaves who acculturated enough to understand the society and system in which they now had to operate had some advantages, including success at creating new social bonds to replace the ones lost through captivity. However, the very act of acculturation also meant at least temporarily severing ties to one's own past, family, and meaningful ethical and spiritual universes—or, if not severing, then learning new beliefs, words, and behaviors well enough to operate in both worlds. This might make reintegration into the old sociocultural system difficult. It also might erode the sense of separate identity that helped captives and enslaved persons resist their captors' efforts to define them. Pequot captives confronted all these choices and made different decisions.Less
This chapter examines the assimilation and rejection of English culture by Pequot Indian captives. The slaves who acculturated enough to understand the society and system in which they now had to operate had some advantages, including success at creating new social bonds to replace the ones lost through captivity. However, the very act of acculturation also meant at least temporarily severing ties to one's own past, family, and meaningful ethical and spiritual universes—or, if not severing, then learning new beliefs, words, and behaviors well enough to operate in both worlds. This might make reintegration into the old sociocultural system difficult. It also might erode the sense of separate identity that helped captives and enslaved persons resist their captors' efforts to define them. Pequot captives confronted all these choices and made different decisions.
Peter Mandler
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- March 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780199579884
- eISBN:
- 9780191804496
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199579884.003.0012
- Subject:
- History, Cultural History
This chapter examines Geoffrey Gorer's much-cited work on English culture. Gorer presents a significant case-study because his work on the English, carried out mostly in the 1950s, centred ...
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This chapter examines Geoffrey Gorer's much-cited work on English culture. Gorer presents a significant case-study because his work on the English, carried out mostly in the 1950s, centred presciently on topics that are now more interesting to historians than they were then to contemporaries — that is to say, he wrote not on sociological themes such as work, community and class, but on cultural and psychological themes such as love, sex, marriage, parenting, death, attitudes to religion and the supernatural, to law and order, and to ‘Englishness’.Less
This chapter examines Geoffrey Gorer's much-cited work on English culture. Gorer presents a significant case-study because his work on the English, carried out mostly in the 1950s, centred presciently on topics that are now more interesting to historians than they were then to contemporaries — that is to say, he wrote not on sociological themes such as work, community and class, but on cultural and psychological themes such as love, sex, marriage, parenting, death, attitudes to religion and the supernatural, to law and order, and to ‘Englishness’.
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- June 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780804783620
- eISBN:
- 9780804784580
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Stanford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.11126/stanford/9780804783620.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History
This chapter looks at history plays and tragedies. It pays attention to the changing link between English historical writing and the dramatic treatment of historical events. It specifically analyzes ...
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This chapter looks at history plays and tragedies. It pays attention to the changing link between English historical writing and the dramatic treatment of historical events. It specifically analyzes the role of drama in early modern English political culture. Poetry, and therefore drama, was considered as a powerful force for moral and political reform. The masque on the ruler was regarded as divine authority and a beneficent source of wealth and peace. The outbreak of the civil war resulted in the diminution and the surcease of the masque. Numerous plays between 1678 and 1682 have evidenced the conflicting ideologies of the emerging Whigs and Tories. It is observed that Roman plays showed the contrasting vision of republican and imperial regimes and values. Changes in the political climate may have then transformed a politically innocuous play into a dangerous one or vice versa.Less
This chapter looks at history plays and tragedies. It pays attention to the changing link between English historical writing and the dramatic treatment of historical events. It specifically analyzes the role of drama in early modern English political culture. Poetry, and therefore drama, was considered as a powerful force for moral and political reform. The masque on the ruler was regarded as divine authority and a beneficent source of wealth and peace. The outbreak of the civil war resulted in the diminution and the surcease of the masque. Numerous plays between 1678 and 1682 have evidenced the conflicting ideologies of the emerging Whigs and Tories. It is observed that Roman plays showed the contrasting vision of republican and imperial regimes and values. Changes in the political climate may have then transformed a politically innocuous play into a dangerous one or vice versa.
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- March 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226569550
- eISBN:
- 9780226569598
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226569598.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Medieval History
This chapter examines the masculine world in medieval England and analyzes why English culture during this period considered guile, trickery, or craft as essentially incompatible with masculinity. It ...
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This chapter examines the masculine world in medieval England and analyzes why English culture during this period considered guile, trickery, or craft as essentially incompatible with masculinity. It also discusses the concept of social manhood as being open and uncomplicated honesty wherein a man's outward expressions corresponded to his inward intentions. The chapter explains that although late English culture may have prized masculine guilelessness and transparency, the interior supports for that ideal tended more toward obscurity, subtlety, and contradiction.Less
This chapter examines the masculine world in medieval England and analyzes why English culture during this period considered guile, trickery, or craft as essentially incompatible with masculinity. It also discusses the concept of social manhood as being open and uncomplicated honesty wherein a man's outward expressions corresponded to his inward intentions. The chapter explains that although late English culture may have prized masculine guilelessness and transparency, the interior supports for that ideal tended more toward obscurity, subtlety, and contradiction.
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- June 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780804783620
- eISBN:
- 9780804784580
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Stanford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.11126/stanford/9780804783620.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History
This chapter concentrates on news and other forms of information and printed polemic with the aim of showing the extent to which the English were informed about personalities and events of political ...
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This chapter concentrates on news and other forms of information and printed polemic with the aim of showing the extent to which the English were informed about personalities and events of political significance and about major political controversies. News, particularly printed news, developed a set of conventions and norms. In 1640 serial news in printed form dealing with domestic politics was the most obvious innovation. The news media were hardly champions of free speech versus an authoritarian government. Coffee house conversation about news and politics were a striking characteristic of English political culture. The coffee house also became an accepted part of political life. In general, the explosion of the news media during the periods 1640–42 and 1679–81 offers some sense of what the news marketplace would have been like without government counter-pressure.Less
This chapter concentrates on news and other forms of information and printed polemic with the aim of showing the extent to which the English were informed about personalities and events of political significance and about major political controversies. News, particularly printed news, developed a set of conventions and norms. In 1640 serial news in printed form dealing with domestic politics was the most obvious innovation. The news media were hardly champions of free speech versus an authoritarian government. Coffee house conversation about news and politics were a striking characteristic of English political culture. The coffee house also became an accepted part of political life. In general, the explosion of the news media during the periods 1640–42 and 1679–81 offers some sense of what the news marketplace would have been like without government counter-pressure.
Robert Stevens
- Published in print:
- 1997
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780198262633
- eISBN:
- 9780191682377
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198262633.003.0009
- Subject:
- Law, Constitutional and Administrative Law
The English tradition of substantive formalism, for most of the twentieth century, had a pervasive influence, not only on English legal culture but the legal cultures of Commonwealth and Empire. ...
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The English tradition of substantive formalism, for most of the twentieth century, had a pervasive influence, not only on English legal culture but the legal cultures of Commonwealth and Empire. Staffing of the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council embodied, on the one hand, a rigidly formalistic view of the declaratory theory of law yet, on the other, the vague approach to separation of powers and judicial independence encountered elsewhere. If the legal systems of some Commonwealth countries still sometimes seem the prisoners of the earlier decisions of the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council, it is perhaps appropriate to ask how that latter court was staffed as life ebbed out of it in the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s.Less
The English tradition of substantive formalism, for most of the twentieth century, had a pervasive influence, not only on English legal culture but the legal cultures of Commonwealth and Empire. Staffing of the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council embodied, on the one hand, a rigidly formalistic view of the declaratory theory of law yet, on the other, the vague approach to separation of powers and judicial independence encountered elsewhere. If the legal systems of some Commonwealth countries still sometimes seem the prisoners of the earlier decisions of the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council, it is perhaps appropriate to ask how that latter court was staffed as life ebbed out of it in the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s.
