Paul Copeland
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- May 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780719088254
- eISBN:
- 9781781707470
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719088254.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Conflict Politics and Policy
At the heart of the European integration process is the political economy debate over whether the EU should be a market-making project, or if it should combine this with integration in employment and ...
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At the heart of the European integration process is the political economy debate over whether the EU should be a market-making project, or if it should combine this with integration in employment and social policy. What has been the impact of the 2004 and 2007 rounds of enlargement upon the political economy of European integration? EU enlargement, the clash of capitalisms and the European social dimension analyses the impact of the 2004 and 2007 enlargements upon the politics of European integration within EU employment and social policy. This book analyses the main policy negotiations in the field and analyses the political positions and contributions of the Central and Eastern European Member States. Through an analyses of the negotiations of the Services Directive, the revision of the Working Time Directive and the Europe 2020 poverty target, the book argues that the addition of the Central and Eastern European states has strengthened liberal forces at the EU level and undermined integration with EU employment and social policy.Less
At the heart of the European integration process is the political economy debate over whether the EU should be a market-making project, or if it should combine this with integration in employment and social policy. What has been the impact of the 2004 and 2007 rounds of enlargement upon the political economy of European integration? EU enlargement, the clash of capitalisms and the European social dimension analyses the impact of the 2004 and 2007 enlargements upon the politics of European integration within EU employment and social policy. This book analyses the main policy negotiations in the field and analyses the political positions and contributions of the Central and Eastern European Member States. Through an analyses of the negotiations of the Services Directive, the revision of the Working Time Directive and the Europe 2020 poverty target, the book argues that the addition of the Central and Eastern European states has strengthened liberal forces at the EU level and undermined integration with EU employment and social policy.
Douglas Besharov and Karen Baehler (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199990313
- eISBN:
- 9780199346363
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199990313.001.0001
- Subject:
- Social Work, Social Policy
The story of China’s spectacular economic growth is well known. Less well known is the country’s equally dramatic, though not always equally successful, social policy transition. Between the ...
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The story of China’s spectacular economic growth is well known. Less well known is the country’s equally dramatic, though not always equally successful, social policy transition. Between the mid-1990s and mid-2000s---the focal period for this book---China’s central government went a long way toward consolidating the social policy framework that had gradually emerged in piecemeal fashion during the initial phases of economic liberalization. Major policy decisions during the focal period included adopting a single national pension plan for urban areas, standardizing unemployment insurance, (re)establishing nationwide rural health care coverage, opening urban education systems to children of rural migrants, introducing trilingual education policies in ethnic minority regions, expanding college enrolment, addressing the challenge of HIV/AIDS more comprehensively, and equalizing social welfare spending across provinces, among others. Unresolved is the direction of policy in the face of longer-term industrial and demographic trends---and the possibility of a chronically weak global economy. Chinese Social Policy in a Time of Transition offers scholars, practitioners, students, and policymakers a foundation from which to explore those issues based on a composite snapshot of Chinese social policy at its point of greatest maturation prior to the 2007 global crisis.Less
The story of China’s spectacular economic growth is well known. Less well known is the country’s equally dramatic, though not always equally successful, social policy transition. Between the mid-1990s and mid-2000s---the focal period for this book---China’s central government went a long way toward consolidating the social policy framework that had gradually emerged in piecemeal fashion during the initial phases of economic liberalization. Major policy decisions during the focal period included adopting a single national pension plan for urban areas, standardizing unemployment insurance, (re)establishing nationwide rural health care coverage, opening urban education systems to children of rural migrants, introducing trilingual education policies in ethnic minority regions, expanding college enrolment, addressing the challenge of HIV/AIDS more comprehensively, and equalizing social welfare spending across provinces, among others. Unresolved is the direction of policy in the face of longer-term industrial and demographic trends---and the possibility of a chronically weak global economy. Chinese Social Policy in a Time of Transition offers scholars, practitioners, students, and policymakers a foundation from which to explore those issues based on a composite snapshot of Chinese social policy at its point of greatest maturation prior to the 2007 global crisis.
Áine Ní Léime and Wendy Loretto
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- January 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781447325116
- eISBN:
- 9781447325161
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447325116.003.0003
- Subject:
- Sociology, Gerontology and Ageing
This chapter documents international policy developments and provides a gender critique of retirement, employment and pension policies in Australia, Ireland, Germany, Portugal, Sweden, the UK, and ...
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This chapter documents international policy developments and provides a gender critique of retirement, employment and pension policies in Australia, Ireland, Germany, Portugal, Sweden, the UK, and the US. It assesses the degree to which the individual country's extended working life policies have adopted the agenda (increasing pension age and introducing flexible working) set out by the OECD and the EU. Policies include raising state pension age, changes in the duration of pension contribution requirements, the move from defined benefits to defined contribution pensions, policies on caring for vulnerable members of the population, policies enabling flexible working and anti-age discrimination measures.
An expanded framework is used to assess the degree to which gender and other intersecting issues such as health, caring, class, type of occupation and/or membership of minority communities have (or have not) been taken into account in designing and implementing policies extending working life.Less
This chapter documents international policy developments and provides a gender critique of retirement, employment and pension policies in Australia, Ireland, Germany, Portugal, Sweden, the UK, and the US. It assesses the degree to which the individual country's extended working life policies have adopted the agenda (increasing pension age and introducing flexible working) set out by the OECD and the EU. Policies include raising state pension age, changes in the duration of pension contribution requirements, the move from defined benefits to defined contribution pensions, policies on caring for vulnerable members of the population, policies enabling flexible working and anti-age discrimination measures.
An expanded framework is used to assess the degree to which gender and other intersecting issues such as health, caring, class, type of occupation and/or membership of minority communities have (or have not) been taken into account in designing and implementing policies extending working life.
Joseph A. McCartin
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- April 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780252040498
- eISBN:
- 9780252098932
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5406/illinois/9780252040498.003.0016
- Subject:
- Sociology, Social Movements and Social Change
In this chapter, the author describes the ways in which he was able to combine activism with his position as a labor history teacher at Georgetown University. In particular, he explains his role in ...
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In this chapter, the author describes the ways in which he was able to combine activism with his position as a labor history teacher at Georgetown University. In particular, he explains his role in the creation of a labor initiative at Georgetown, the Kalmanovitz Initiative for Labor and the Working Poor, and the achievements of that initiative, which included facilitating both conversation and collaboration between various labor representatives and incubating new ideas, such as Georgetown's Just Employment Policy. The author points out that this level of engagement requires institutional and personal commitments of time and resources. Although he was not able to teach or research in the same ways he had previously while working on the initiative, he argues that the kinds of engaged teaching and scholarship he did undertake were more meaningful.Less
In this chapter, the author describes the ways in which he was able to combine activism with his position as a labor history teacher at Georgetown University. In particular, he explains his role in the creation of a labor initiative at Georgetown, the Kalmanovitz Initiative for Labor and the Working Poor, and the achievements of that initiative, which included facilitating both conversation and collaboration between various labor representatives and incubating new ideas, such as Georgetown's Just Employment Policy. The author points out that this level of engagement requires institutional and personal commitments of time and resources. Although he was not able to teach or research in the same ways he had previously while working on the initiative, he argues that the kinds of engaged teaching and scholarship he did undertake were more meaningful.
Helen Glew is Senior Lecturer in History at the University of Westminster
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780719090271
- eISBN:
- 9781526104458
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719090271.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Social History
Collectively, the Civil Service and the London County Council (LCC) employed tens of thousands of women in Britain in the early twentieth century. As public employers, these institutions remained ...
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Collectively, the Civil Service and the London County Council (LCC) employed tens of thousands of women in Britain in the early twentieth century. As public employers, these institutions remained influential for each other and for private employers more widely as a benchmark for the conditions of women’s white-collar work. This book examines three key aspects of women’s public service employment: inequality of pay, the marriage bar and inequality of opportunity. In so doing, it delineates the levels of regulation and rhetoric surrounding women’s employment and the extent to which notions about femininity and womanhood shaped employment policies and, ultimately, women’s experiences in the workplace. Drawing on a wide range of archival sources, including policy documents, trade union records, women’s movement campaign literature and employees’ personal testimony, this is the first book-length study of women’s public service employment in the first half of the twentieth century. It is also a new lens through which to examine the women’s movement in this period and a contribution to the debate about the effect of the First World War on women’s employment. Scholars and students with interests in gender, British social and cultural history and labour history will find this an invaluable text.Less
Collectively, the Civil Service and the London County Council (LCC) employed tens of thousands of women in Britain in the early twentieth century. As public employers, these institutions remained influential for each other and for private employers more widely as a benchmark for the conditions of women’s white-collar work. This book examines three key aspects of women’s public service employment: inequality of pay, the marriage bar and inequality of opportunity. In so doing, it delineates the levels of regulation and rhetoric surrounding women’s employment and the extent to which notions about femininity and womanhood shaped employment policies and, ultimately, women’s experiences in the workplace. Drawing on a wide range of archival sources, including policy documents, trade union records, women’s movement campaign literature and employees’ personal testimony, this is the first book-length study of women’s public service employment in the first half of the twentieth century. It is also a new lens through which to examine the women’s movement in this period and a contribution to the debate about the effect of the First World War on women’s employment. Scholars and students with interests in gender, British social and cultural history and labour history will find this an invaluable text.
Heather Hindman
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780804786515
- eISBN:
- 9780804788557
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Stanford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.11126/stanford/9780804786515.003.0008
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Anthropology, Global
Through mediation by colonial officials, governments and the discipline of international human resources management, technical professionals have tried to rewrite the nature of overseas elite labor. ...
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Through mediation by colonial officials, governments and the discipline of international human resources management, technical professionals have tried to rewrite the nature of overseas elite labor. In Nepal, these interventions into how transnational elites engage with the country have frequently had unexpected effects. This concluding chapter brings the story of Expatria in Kathmandu into the present, exploring how political conflicts, changing dynamics of gender and labor and new modes of precarious employment have created a different community of foreigners in Kathmandu, one that was not desired or predicted by technical labor managers. The mediating role of elite workers in Kathmandu, who are by some measurements very powerful and by others marginalized, comes to the fore as expatriates feel the impact of the neoliberal policies that it has been their job to implement overseas.Less
Through mediation by colonial officials, governments and the discipline of international human resources management, technical professionals have tried to rewrite the nature of overseas elite labor. In Nepal, these interventions into how transnational elites engage with the country have frequently had unexpected effects. This concluding chapter brings the story of Expatria in Kathmandu into the present, exploring how political conflicts, changing dynamics of gender and labor and new modes of precarious employment have created a different community of foreigners in Kathmandu, one that was not desired or predicted by technical labor managers. The mediating role of elite workers in Kathmandu, who are by some measurements very powerful and by others marginalized, comes to the fore as expatriates feel the impact of the neoliberal policies that it has been their job to implement overseas.
Gordon Betcherman and Martin Rama
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- November 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780198754848
- eISBN:
- 9780191816321
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198754848.003.0001
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental, Public and Welfare
This chapter introduces the framework underlying the 2013 World Development Report: Jobs, explains how it extends traditional approaches to employment, and summarizes how it has been applied to the ...
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This chapter introduces the framework underlying the 2013 World Development Report: Jobs, explains how it extends traditional approaches to employment, and summarizes how it has been applied to the country cases in this volume. The innovation of the framework is to propose that the social value of jobs may differ from the value they have in terms of earnings or output. An analytical framework is presented to illustrate these spillovers, which can apply to living standards, aggregate productivity, and social cohesion. Summarizing some of the main messages from the case studies, the chapter illustrates how types of jobs that can have significant development payoffs differ depending on the particular challenges that countries face because of their level of development, demography, or institutions. The chapter also summarizes the range of policies that can encourage the creation of “good jobs for development,” depending on the country context.Less
This chapter introduces the framework underlying the 2013 World Development Report: Jobs, explains how it extends traditional approaches to employment, and summarizes how it has been applied to the country cases in this volume. The innovation of the framework is to propose that the social value of jobs may differ from the value they have in terms of earnings or output. An analytical framework is presented to illustrate these spillovers, which can apply to living standards, aggregate productivity, and social cohesion. Summarizing some of the main messages from the case studies, the chapter illustrates how types of jobs that can have significant development payoffs differ depending on the particular challenges that countries face because of their level of development, demography, or institutions. The chapter also summarizes the range of policies that can encourage the creation of “good jobs for development,” depending on the country context.
Vladimir Kontorovich
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- October 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780190868123
- eISBN:
- 9780190868154
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190868123.003.0009
- Subject:
- History, Political History
Aversion of the discipline of economics to things military, which Sovietology, its peripheral field, emulated, is shown to be a part of a more general pattern in the social sciences. A survey of ...
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Aversion of the discipline of economics to things military, which Sovietology, its peripheral field, emulated, is shown to be a part of a more general pattern in the social sciences. A survey of articles about the German economy in 1934–1939 finds that the authors largely ignored another great peacetime military buildup of the twentieth century. It was seen as a peculiar and successful variant of employment policy, with potential lessons for other Depression-stricken economies. Archeologists and anthropologists bypassed the evidence of warfare in pre-literate societies, or gave it strained pacific interpretations. Academic historians marginalized their colleagues specializing in military history. Civilianizing tendencies in the study of other countries and in other disciplines support some of my arguments about Sovietology, and at the same time make its case all the more instructive.Less
Aversion of the discipline of economics to things military, which Sovietology, its peripheral field, emulated, is shown to be a part of a more general pattern in the social sciences. A survey of articles about the German economy in 1934–1939 finds that the authors largely ignored another great peacetime military buildup of the twentieth century. It was seen as a peculiar and successful variant of employment policy, with potential lessons for other Depression-stricken economies. Archeologists and anthropologists bypassed the evidence of warfare in pre-literate societies, or gave it strained pacific interpretations. Academic historians marginalized their colleagues specializing in military history. Civilianizing tendencies in the study of other countries and in other disciplines support some of my arguments about Sovietology, and at the same time make its case all the more instructive.
