Peter Schwieger
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- November 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780231168526
- eISBN:
- 9780231538602
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231168526.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Buddhism
A major new work in modern Tibetan history, this book follows the evolution of Tibetan Buddhism's trülku (reincarnation) tradition from the seventeenth to the nineteenth centuries, along with the ...
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A major new work in modern Tibetan history, this book follows the evolution of Tibetan Buddhism's trülku (reincarnation) tradition from the seventeenth to the nineteenth centuries, along with the Emperor of China's efforts to control its development. By illuminating the political aspects of the trülku institution, the book shapes a broader history of the relationship between the Dalai Lama and the Emperor of China, as well as a richer understanding of the Qing Dynasty as an inner Asian empire, the modern fate of the Mongol empire, and current Sino-Tibetan relations. Unlike other pre-twentieth century Tibetan histories, the book rejects hagiographic texts in favor of diplomatic, legal, and social sources held in the private, monastic, and bureaucratic archives of old Tibet. This approach draws a unique portrait of Tibet's rule by reincarnation while shading in peripheral tensions in the Himalayas, eastern Tibet, and China. Its perspective fully captures the extent to which the emperors of China controlled the institution of the Dalai Lamas, making a groundbreaking contribution to the past and present history of East Asia.Less
A major new work in modern Tibetan history, this book follows the evolution of Tibetan Buddhism's trülku (reincarnation) tradition from the seventeenth to the nineteenth centuries, along with the Emperor of China's efforts to control its development. By illuminating the political aspects of the trülku institution, the book shapes a broader history of the relationship between the Dalai Lama and the Emperor of China, as well as a richer understanding of the Qing Dynasty as an inner Asian empire, the modern fate of the Mongol empire, and current Sino-Tibetan relations. Unlike other pre-twentieth century Tibetan histories, the book rejects hagiographic texts in favor of diplomatic, legal, and social sources held in the private, monastic, and bureaucratic archives of old Tibet. This approach draws a unique portrait of Tibet's rule by reincarnation while shading in peripheral tensions in the Himalayas, eastern Tibet, and China. Its perspective fully captures the extent to which the emperors of China controlled the institution of the Dalai Lamas, making a groundbreaking contribution to the past and present history of East Asia.
Rogério Miguel Puga
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9789888139798
- eISBN:
- 9789888180752
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Hong Kong University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5790/hongkong/9789888139798.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, Asian History
The Emperor of China, with the aim of gathering profits from trade with the foreigners, all the while attempting to keep them as far away as possible from mainland China, proposed to the Portuguese ...
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The Emperor of China, with the aim of gathering profits from trade with the foreigners, all the while attempting to keep them as far away as possible from mainland China, proposed to the Portuguese that foreign trade be centralized in Macau in 1719, and again in 1733. The senate refused both times, stating that the foreigners corrupted the city’s morals and that their permanent residence in the city reduced the Macau trading community’s power to manoeuvre and weakened their privileged position. Instead, they prefer to derive their income from import duties offered by the Emperor of China to the city and from renting the names of Portuguese trading businesses to the British, since Portuguese law banned foreigners from owning landed properties and opening businesses in Macau. The Chinese meanwhile established the co-hong to regulate foreign trade, which turned into a cartel in 1760.Less
The Emperor of China, with the aim of gathering profits from trade with the foreigners, all the while attempting to keep them as far away as possible from mainland China, proposed to the Portuguese that foreign trade be centralized in Macau in 1719, and again in 1733. The senate refused both times, stating that the foreigners corrupted the city’s morals and that their permanent residence in the city reduced the Macau trading community’s power to manoeuvre and weakened their privileged position. Instead, they prefer to derive their income from import duties offered by the Emperor of China to the city and from renting the names of Portuguese trading businesses to the British, since Portuguese law banned foreigners from owning landed properties and opening businesses in Macau. The Chinese meanwhile established the co-hong to regulate foreign trade, which turned into a cartel in 1760.
