FELICITY HEAL
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- April 2005
- ISBN:
- 9780198269243
- eISBN:
- 9780191602412
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198269242.003.0010
- Subject:
- Religion, Church History
This discusses the political history of the religious settlements between 1558 and the end of the century. It contrasts England and Scotland, roughly characterized by having reformation from above ...
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This discusses the political history of the religious settlements between 1558 and the end of the century. It contrasts England and Scotland, roughly characterized by having reformation from above and from below, but also emphasizes shared concerns and attitudes. The problems of reform in Ireland are treated separately: here the danger of assuming inevitable failure for Protestantism is stressed.Less
This discusses the political history of the religious settlements between 1558 and the end of the century. It contrasts England and Scotland, roughly characterized by having reformation from above and from below, but also emphasizes shared concerns and attitudes. The problems of reform in Ireland are treated separately: here the danger of assuming inevitable failure for Protestantism is stressed.
DAVID WOOTTON
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780197264584
- eISBN:
- 9780191734069
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197264584.003.0003
- Subject:
- History, Cultural History
This lecture presents the text of the speech about Elizabeth I Queen of England delivered by the author at the 2008 Raleigh Lecture on History held at the British Academy. It explores the religious ...
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This lecture presents the text of the speech about Elizabeth I Queen of England delivered by the author at the 2008 Raleigh Lecture on History held at the British Academy. It explores the religious movement called the Family of Love and discusses Sir Walter Raleigh's knowledge about the discourse on Dover Harbour, which was later spuriously attributed to him. The lecture provides an excerpt and interpretation of Queen Elizabeth's poem titled On Monsieur's Departure.Less
This lecture presents the text of the speech about Elizabeth I Queen of England delivered by the author at the 2008 Raleigh Lecture on History held at the British Academy. It explores the religious movement called the Family of Love and discusses Sir Walter Raleigh's knowledge about the discourse on Dover Harbour, which was later spuriously attributed to him. The lecture provides an excerpt and interpretation of Queen Elizabeth's poem titled On Monsieur's Departure.
Christine Gerrard
- Published in print:
- 1994
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198129820
- eISBN:
- 9780191671869
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198129820.003.0006
- Subject:
- Literature, 18th-century Literature
This chapter examines the Elizabethan revival of the Robert Walpole era. Surprisingly little scholarship exists on one of the most inescapable features of this period: the widespread cult of ...
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This chapter examines the Elizabethan revival of the Robert Walpole era. Surprisingly little scholarship exists on one of the most inescapable features of this period: the widespread cult of Elizabeth I. Elizabeth's reign supplies the focal point for Bolingbroke's major political writings of the 1730s and historians have duly examined its significance. But most readings are confined to equating Bolingbroke's Elizabethan ‘nostalgia’ with his reactionary conservatism. The Elizabethan cult of the 1730s found expression in a wide variety of media, from the plethora of pamphlets generated by popular pressure for war with Spain, through to drama, painting, poetry, and statuary. For the aggressive, expansionist Protestant mercantilism associated with the victories of Cadiz and the Armada, an Elizabethanism shaped above all by pressure for war with Spain. But war with Spain was only one source of the complex patriotic manipulations of Elizabeth's golden age. Both Patriot Whigs and Court Whigs, operating from within a shared Protestant Hanoverian idiom which stressed the continuity of Protestant freedoms, competed over rival claims to represent ‘Elizabethan’ values.Less
This chapter examines the Elizabethan revival of the Robert Walpole era. Surprisingly little scholarship exists on one of the most inescapable features of this period: the widespread cult of Elizabeth I. Elizabeth's reign supplies the focal point for Bolingbroke's major political writings of the 1730s and historians have duly examined its significance. But most readings are confined to equating Bolingbroke's Elizabethan ‘nostalgia’ with his reactionary conservatism. The Elizabethan cult of the 1730s found expression in a wide variety of media, from the plethora of pamphlets generated by popular pressure for war with Spain, through to drama, painting, poetry, and statuary. For the aggressive, expansionist Protestant mercantilism associated with the victories of Cadiz and the Armada, an Elizabethanism shaped above all by pressure for war with Spain. But war with Spain was only one source of the complex patriotic manipulations of Elizabeth's golden age. Both Patriot Whigs and Court Whigs, operating from within a shared Protestant Hanoverian idiom which stressed the continuity of Protestant freedoms, competed over rival claims to represent ‘Elizabethan’ values.
Howard Erskine-Hill
- Published in print:
- 1996
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198117315
- eISBN:
- 9780191670916
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198117315.003.0002
- Subject:
- Literature, Poetry, 17th-century and Restoration Literature
This chapter opens with a short consideration of William Camden, England's first major historian. It focuses on the governance of the body politic, and the way in which major poetry between the later ...
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This chapter opens with a short consideration of William Camden, England's first major historian. It focuses on the governance of the body politic, and the way in which major poetry between the later years of Elizabeth I and the later years of William III was aware of and intervened in discussion of this governance.Less
This chapter opens with a short consideration of William Camden, England's first major historian. It focuses on the governance of the body politic, and the way in which major poetry between the later years of Elizabeth I and the later years of William III was aware of and intervened in discussion of this governance.
Jane Stevenson
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780198185024
- eISBN:
- 9780191714238
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198185024.003.0012
- Subject:
- Literature, Women's Literature
This chapter focuses on English pride in learned women by 1550: learned women at the early Tudor court. It discusses Erasmus and the household of Sir Thomas More; the development of companionate ...
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This chapter focuses on English pride in learned women by 1550: learned women at the early Tudor court. It discusses Erasmus and the household of Sir Thomas More; the development of companionate marriage in both Catholic and Protestant families; and the Seymour sisters and the political implications of humanist education for girls. It also considers the learning and culture of Elizabeth I, and of women associated with her court, in particularly the four Cooke sisters, who included Mildred Cecil, Lady Burghley. Elizabeth's desire to impress foreign humanists is examined. Sixteenth-century Protestant women humanists outside the court, notably Anne Lok, women recusants, women and Latin culture in Ireland and Scotland are presented.Less
This chapter focuses on English pride in learned women by 1550: learned women at the early Tudor court. It discusses Erasmus and the household of Sir Thomas More; the development of companionate marriage in both Catholic and Protestant families; and the Seymour sisters and the political implications of humanist education for girls. It also considers the learning and culture of Elizabeth I, and of women associated with her court, in particularly the four Cooke sisters, who included Mildred Cecil, Lady Burghley. Elizabeth's desire to impress foreign humanists is examined. Sixteenth-century Protestant women humanists outside the court, notably Anne Lok, women recusants, women and Latin culture in Ireland and Scotland are presented.
Howard Erskine-Hill
- Published in print:
- 1996
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198117315
- eISBN:
- 9780191670916
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198117315.003.0004
- Subject:
- Literature, Poetry, 17th-century and Restoration Literature
The likening of King John to the Protestant Tudors was orthodoxy for their era until dramatists of the 1590S injected into the comparison the volatile contemporary ingredient of Arthur and the ...
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The likening of King John to the Protestant Tudors was orthodoxy for their era until dramatists of the 1590S injected into the comparison the volatile contemporary ingredient of Arthur and the succession question, played down or ignored by Foxe and the Book of Homilies. The comparison between Elizabeth and Richard II from Camden and Peter Wentworth was compelling though it involved no orthodoxy and appealed to various viewpoints, from those of the Queen herself to the judgements of subjects discontented with her rule, or anxious about the future. The examination of Sir John Hayward — after Shakespeare's completion of the second tetralogy — seems to show a nervous tendency on Elizabeth's part to identify with a king whom some thought it had been right to depose; while her well-known announcement to William Lambarde: ‘I am Richard II, know ye not that?’ is further and exceptional evidence that, whatever its significance, Elizabeth did see a link between herself and Richard in the aftermath of an unsuccessful revolt against her.Less
The likening of King John to the Protestant Tudors was orthodoxy for their era until dramatists of the 1590S injected into the comparison the volatile contemporary ingredient of Arthur and the succession question, played down or ignored by Foxe and the Book of Homilies. The comparison between Elizabeth and Richard II from Camden and Peter Wentworth was compelling though it involved no orthodoxy and appealed to various viewpoints, from those of the Queen herself to the judgements of subjects discontented with her rule, or anxious about the future. The examination of Sir John Hayward — after Shakespeare's completion of the second tetralogy — seems to show a nervous tendency on Elizabeth's part to identify with a king whom some thought it had been right to depose; while her well-known announcement to William Lambarde: ‘I am Richard II, know ye not that?’ is further and exceptional evidence that, whatever its significance, Elizabeth did see a link between herself and Richard in the aftermath of an unsuccessful revolt against her.
Achsah Guibbory
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199557165
- eISBN:
- 9780191595004
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199557165.003.0002
- Subject:
- Literature, 17th-century and Restoration Literature
This chapter explores the developing notion that England was the special object of God's favor. Enabling the Reformation separation from Rome, the Hebrew Bible was used to legitimize England's ...
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This chapter explores the developing notion that England was the special object of God's favor. Enabling the Reformation separation from Rome, the Hebrew Bible was used to legitimize England's institutions, giving the nation an Israelite identity. The Hebrew Bible played a crucial role in the formation of English nationalism, which adapted Luther's (and Paul's) idea that Christians were the ‘true Israel.’ Identification with biblical Jews was at odds with the Protestant belief that ‘Jewishness’ had no place in reformed Christianity, and emergent nationalism complicated Protestant internationalism. This chapter discusses ways in which, by the early seventeenth century, England was made biblical Israel's successor. Elizabeth I was a Davidic monarch. James, the ‘British Solomon,’ was imagined to have united the kingdoms of Israel and initiated the messianic time (described in Isaiah) characterized by peace, wealth and empire, and the rebuilding of God's Temple.Less
This chapter explores the developing notion that England was the special object of God's favor. Enabling the Reformation separation from Rome, the Hebrew Bible was used to legitimize England's institutions, giving the nation an Israelite identity. The Hebrew Bible played a crucial role in the formation of English nationalism, which adapted Luther's (and Paul's) idea that Christians were the ‘true Israel.’ Identification with biblical Jews was at odds with the Protestant belief that ‘Jewishness’ had no place in reformed Christianity, and emergent nationalism complicated Protestant internationalism. This chapter discusses ways in which, by the early seventeenth century, England was made biblical Israel's successor. Elizabeth I was a Davidic monarch. James, the ‘British Solomon,’ was imagined to have united the kingdoms of Israel and initiated the messianic time (described in Isaiah) characterized by peace, wealth and empire, and the rebuilding of God's Temple.
Christopher Maginn
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199697151
- eISBN:
- 9780191739262
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199697151.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History
This book explores the complex relationship which existed between England and Ireland in the Tudor period using the long association of William Cecil (1520–98) with Ireland as a vehicle for ...
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This book explores the complex relationship which existed between England and Ireland in the Tudor period using the long association of William Cecil (1520–98) with Ireland as a vehicle for historical enquiry. That Cecil, Queen Elizabeth’s most trusted adviser and the most important figure in England after the queen herself, consistently devoted his attention and considerable energies to the kingdom of Ireland is a seldom‐explored aspect of his life and his place in the Tudor age. Yet amid his handling of a broad assortment of matters relating to England and Wales, the kingdom of Scotland, continental Europe, and beyond, William Cecil’s thoughts regularly turned to the kingdom of Ireland. He personally compiled genealogies of Ireland’s Irish and English families and pored over dozens of national and regional maps of Ireland. Cecil served as chancellor of Ireland’s first university and, most importantly for the historian, penned, received, and studied thousands of papers on subjects relating to Ireland and the crown’s political, economic, social, and religious policies there. Cecil would have understood all of this broadly as ‘Ireland matters’, a subject which he came to know in greater depth and detail than anyone at the court of Queen Elizabeth I. The book’s extended analysis of Cecil’s long relationship with Ireland helps to make sense of Anglo‐Irish interaction in Tudor times and shows that this relationship was characterized by more than the basic binary features of conquest and resistance. At another level, this book demonstrates that the second half of the sixteenth century witnessed the political, social, and cultural integration of Ireland into the multinational Tudor state and that it was William Cecil who, more than any other figure, consciously worked to achieve that integration.Less
This book explores the complex relationship which existed between England and Ireland in the Tudor period using the long association of William Cecil (1520–98) with Ireland as a vehicle for historical enquiry. That Cecil, Queen Elizabeth’s most trusted adviser and the most important figure in England after the queen herself, consistently devoted his attention and considerable energies to the kingdom of Ireland is a seldom‐explored aspect of his life and his place in the Tudor age. Yet amid his handling of a broad assortment of matters relating to England and Wales, the kingdom of Scotland, continental Europe, and beyond, William Cecil’s thoughts regularly turned to the kingdom of Ireland. He personally compiled genealogies of Ireland’s Irish and English families and pored over dozens of national and regional maps of Ireland. Cecil served as chancellor of Ireland’s first university and, most importantly for the historian, penned, received, and studied thousands of papers on subjects relating to Ireland and the crown’s political, economic, social, and religious policies there. Cecil would have understood all of this broadly as ‘Ireland matters’, a subject which he came to know in greater depth and detail than anyone at the court of Queen Elizabeth I. The book’s extended analysis of Cecil’s long relationship with Ireland helps to make sense of Anglo‐Irish interaction in Tudor times and shows that this relationship was characterized by more than the basic binary features of conquest and resistance. At another level, this book demonstrates that the second half of the sixteenth century witnessed the political, social, and cultural integration of Ireland into the multinational Tudor state and that it was William Cecil who, more than any other figure, consciously worked to achieve that integration.
Emma Major
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199699377
- eISBN:
- 9780191738029
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199699377.003.0002
- Subject:
- Literature, 18th-century Literature, Women's Literature
This chapter explores the history of Britannia. It looks at her many representations on coins, prints, medallions, and argues that she became an important means of uniting the country under William ...
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This chapter explores the history of Britannia. It looks at her many representations on coins, prints, medallions, and argues that she became an important means of uniting the country under William and May following the Glorious Revolution, and then again under Anne after the Act of Union in 1707. It contends that Britannia became entwined with Elizabeth I and British queens, and also with depictions of the Church of England as female. Britannia was popularised through theatres, masques, pleasure-gardens, and exhibitions, and her evolving depictions are explored from Roman times to 1800. The chapter concludes with a discussion of John Flaxman’s plans to erect a truly colossal Britannia at Greenwich in celebration of naval successes, and explores reasons why Britannia might be a less powerful figure in 1799.Less
This chapter explores the history of Britannia. It looks at her many representations on coins, prints, medallions, and argues that she became an important means of uniting the country under William and May following the Glorious Revolution, and then again under Anne after the Act of Union in 1707. It contends that Britannia became entwined with Elizabeth I and British queens, and also with depictions of the Church of England as female. Britannia was popularised through theatres, masques, pleasure-gardens, and exhibitions, and her evolving depictions are explored from Roman times to 1800. The chapter concludes with a discussion of John Flaxman’s plans to erect a truly colossal Britannia at Greenwich in celebration of naval successes, and explores reasons why Britannia might be a less powerful figure in 1799.
Howard Erskine-Hill
- Published in print:
- 1996
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198117315
- eISBN:
- 9780191670916
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198117315.003.0009
- Subject:
- Literature, Poetry, 17th-century and Restoration Literature
This chapter presents some concluding thoughts. The poetic texts that have been discussed constitute a prolonged, pragmatic, and religious meditation on the nature and conditions of kingship. We have ...
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This chapter presents some concluding thoughts. The poetic texts that have been discussed constitute a prolonged, pragmatic, and religious meditation on the nature and conditions of kingship. We have seen a politique fascination with republican polities; Milton and some like him committed themselves to a kingless commonwealth in reaction against the Stuart monarchy and the prospect of its restoration. But just as Marvell's ‘republican’ ‘Horatian Ode’ is dominated by two monarchical figures, so the concept of kingship was ever present even in the absence of a king. Whether seen as an opportunity, an ideal, or a warning, kingship is the one dominant landmark in the political terrain between the late 16th and the later 17th centuries.Less
This chapter presents some concluding thoughts. The poetic texts that have been discussed constitute a prolonged, pragmatic, and religious meditation on the nature and conditions of kingship. We have seen a politique fascination with republican polities; Milton and some like him committed themselves to a kingless commonwealth in reaction against the Stuart monarchy and the prospect of its restoration. But just as Marvell's ‘republican’ ‘Horatian Ode’ is dominated by two monarchical figures, so the concept of kingship was ever present even in the absence of a king. Whether seen as an opportunity, an ideal, or a warning, kingship is the one dominant landmark in the political terrain between the late 16th and the later 17th centuries.
Joshua Eckhardt
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199559503
- eISBN:
- 9780191721397
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199559503.003.0002
- Subject:
- Literature, 17th-century and Restoration Literature
The second chapter analyzes four manuscript verse miscellanies whose compilers each constructed a striking relationship between John Donne and Sir Walter Ralegh. Yet, as the chapter ultimately ...
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The second chapter analyzes four manuscript verse miscellanies whose compilers each constructed a striking relationship between John Donne and Sir Walter Ralegh. Yet, as the chapter ultimately demonstrates, no two collectors constructed this relationship in quite the same way. The compilers of certain miscellanies presented Donne's Ovidian love elegy, “To his Mistress going to bed,” as something of an answer-poem to Ralegh. In the manuscript environments that they produced, Donne seems to mock Ralegh's poetry and politics. A collector responsible for other manuscripts, however, found Ralegh and Donne to be perfectly compatible, presenting them as exemplary authors of complementary love poems.Less
The second chapter analyzes four manuscript verse miscellanies whose compilers each constructed a striking relationship between John Donne and Sir Walter Ralegh. Yet, as the chapter ultimately demonstrates, no two collectors constructed this relationship in quite the same way. The compilers of certain miscellanies presented Donne's Ovidian love elegy, “To his Mistress going to bed,” as something of an answer-poem to Ralegh. In the manuscript environments that they produced, Donne seems to mock Ralegh's poetry and politics. A collector responsible for other manuscripts, however, found Ralegh and Donne to be perfectly compatible, presenting them as exemplary authors of complementary love poems.
Emma Major
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199699377
- eISBN:
- 9780191738029
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199699377.003.0003
- Subject:
- Literature, 18th-century Literature, Women's Literature
This chapter looks at some women who were claimed by their contemporaries as examples to the nation or as women who benefited the public. It begins with Elizabeth Burnet, who was involved in the ...
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This chapter looks at some women who were claimed by their contemporaries as examples to the nation or as women who benefited the public. It begins with Elizabeth Burnet, who was involved in the religious revival following the Glorious Revolution. It then discusses the critic, patron, and hostess Elizabeth Montagu, arguing that she saw herself as part of a patriotic pantheon of women and enjoyed describing herself in relation to Elizabeth I, Amazons, businesswomen, farmers, coalminers, witches, Lady Bountiful, and other types of woman. Catherine Talbot was a patriotic and religious exemplar in a very different way: part of the household of a clergyman who became archbishop, she was closely involved in Church matters and wrote fascinating journals. The chapter concludes by discussing Talbot’s journals and her criticism of Samuel Richardson’s novel Sir Charles Grandison.Less
This chapter looks at some women who were claimed by their contemporaries as examples to the nation or as women who benefited the public. It begins with Elizabeth Burnet, who was involved in the religious revival following the Glorious Revolution. It then discusses the critic, patron, and hostess Elizabeth Montagu, arguing that she saw herself as part of a patriotic pantheon of women and enjoyed describing herself in relation to Elizabeth I, Amazons, businesswomen, farmers, coalminers, witches, Lady Bountiful, and other types of woman. Catherine Talbot was a patriotic and religious exemplar in a very different way: part of the household of a clergyman who became archbishop, she was closely involved in Church matters and wrote fascinating journals. The chapter concludes by discussing Talbot’s journals and her criticism of Samuel Richardson’s novel Sir Charles Grandison.
Helen Smith
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199651580
- eISBN:
- 9780191741654
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199651580.003.0006
- Subject:
- Literature, 16th-century and Renaissance Literature
Chapter Five turns from questions of making and dissemination to the practice of reading, marking a move away from recent studies of marginalia and interpretation to the question of how and where ...
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Chapter Five turns from questions of making and dissemination to the practice of reading, marking a move away from recent studies of marginalia and interpretation to the question of how and where early modern women actually read, and how their books were understood to work upon their bodies and minds. The chapter draws on a wide range of didactic and exemplary sources, alongside evidence of particular reading practices, to chart the hierarchies of women's literacy in this period, and the separate skills of reading, meditation, and interpretation. It explores the physiologies used to describe and understand women's reading, and argues that figures of imprinting, heart-reading, hunger, and digestion possessed a more than metaphorical force. The chapter turns finally to some of the spaces of women's reading to argue that the apparently passive process of textual engagement can be, in the words of Michel de Certeau, ‘another production’.Less
Chapter Five turns from questions of making and dissemination to the practice of reading, marking a move away from recent studies of marginalia and interpretation to the question of how and where early modern women actually read, and how their books were understood to work upon their bodies and minds. The chapter draws on a wide range of didactic and exemplary sources, alongside evidence of particular reading practices, to chart the hierarchies of women's literacy in this period, and the separate skills of reading, meditation, and interpretation. It explores the physiologies used to describe and understand women's reading, and argues that figures of imprinting, heart-reading, hunger, and digestion possessed a more than metaphorical force. The chapter turns finally to some of the spaces of women's reading to argue that the apparently passive process of textual engagement can be, in the words of Michel de Certeau, ‘another production’.
Hester Lees-Jeffries
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199230785
- eISBN:
- 9780191696473
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199230785.003.0010
- Subject:
- Literature, 16th-century and Renaissance Literature
The Queen is associated with the unsullied springs of pure Scripture and doctrine and as she is refreshed at faith's fountain, so she in turn conveys that same spiritual refreshment to her people. ...
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The Queen is associated with the unsullied springs of pure Scripture and doctrine and as she is refreshed at faith's fountain, so she in turn conveys that same spiritual refreshment to her people. However the medal, its emblem, and motto also draw upon and affirm the broader political symbolism of the fountain figure. The fountain is an ancient and complex political symbol which, as will be seen here, was specifically associated with Elizabeth I in subtle, yet increasingly complicated and ambivalent ways. This chapter first establishes a nexus of classical and humanist texts concerned with princely power and authority, and then examines some of the ways in which the Queen's image was reflected and refracted in terms of the fountain in art and literature, thus establishing a literary and cultural frame both for Elizabethan gardens and for a play by Ben Jonson.Less
The Queen is associated with the unsullied springs of pure Scripture and doctrine and as she is refreshed at faith's fountain, so she in turn conveys that same spiritual refreshment to her people. However the medal, its emblem, and motto also draw upon and affirm the broader political symbolism of the fountain figure. The fountain is an ancient and complex political symbol which, as will be seen here, was specifically associated with Elizabeth I in subtle, yet increasingly complicated and ambivalent ways. This chapter first establishes a nexus of classical and humanist texts concerned with princely power and authority, and then examines some of the ways in which the Queen's image was reflected and refracted in terms of the fountain in art and literature, thus establishing a literary and cultural frame both for Elizabethan gardens and for a play by Ben Jonson.
H. K. Woudhuysen
- Published in print:
- 1996
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198129660
- eISBN:
- 9780191671821
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198129660.003.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, 16th-century and Renaissance Literature, 17th-century and Restoration Literature
This is a book about manuscripts; about the men and women who wrote, read, bought, sold, presented, and received them. It is also a book about paper, pen, and ink, and a book about those for whom ...
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This is a book about manuscripts; about the men and women who wrote, read, bought, sold, presented, and received them. It is also a book about paper, pen, and ink, and a book about those for whom writing by hand was a necessary and profitable part of their lives. Much of the writing described here took place at London, in the City and at court. This book began out of an interest in the text of Sir Philip Sidney's works, especially of his poems. The research for this book includes study of the production and circulation of manuscripts in England between the accession of Queen Elizabeth I and the eve of the Civil War. A comparative approach looking at manuscript publication throughout Europe during the Renaissance might provide clues for the student of English manuscripts.Less
This is a book about manuscripts; about the men and women who wrote, read, bought, sold, presented, and received them. It is also a book about paper, pen, and ink, and a book about those for whom writing by hand was a necessary and profitable part of their lives. Much of the writing described here took place at London, in the City and at court. This book began out of an interest in the text of Sir Philip Sidney's works, especially of his poems. The research for this book includes study of the production and circulation of manuscripts in England between the accession of Queen Elizabeth I and the eve of the Civil War. A comparative approach looking at manuscript publication throughout Europe during the Renaissance might provide clues for the student of English manuscripts.
Kenneth Fincham and Nicholas Tyacke
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198207009
- eISBN:
- 9780191677434
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198207009.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History, History of Religion
Elizabeth I's reign experienced the establishment of an Anglican via media or middle way between Rome and Geneva. This middle way perspective asserts that the excesses of the Edwardian rule were ...
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Elizabeth I's reign experienced the establishment of an Anglican via media or middle way between Rome and Geneva. This middle way perspective asserts that the excesses of the Edwardian rule were lessened and a moderate style of prayer book protestantism based on parliamentary statute and royal supremacy was constructed. Despite Elizabeth's efforts to create a new view instead of just restoring the Edwardian legacy, iconoclasm occurred once again. Also, as Elizabeth's reign went on, modifications that Elizabeth attempted to introduce in 1559 we gradually ignored. In line with these happenings, other issues that were ignored included the case of the location of communion tables and receiving of legal confirmation in the Jacobean canons.Less
Elizabeth I's reign experienced the establishment of an Anglican via media or middle way between Rome and Geneva. This middle way perspective asserts that the excesses of the Edwardian rule were lessened and a moderate style of prayer book protestantism based on parliamentary statute and royal supremacy was constructed. Despite Elizabeth's efforts to create a new view instead of just restoring the Edwardian legacy, iconoclasm occurred once again. Also, as Elizabeth's reign went on, modifications that Elizabeth attempted to introduce in 1559 we gradually ignored. In line with these happenings, other issues that were ignored included the case of the location of communion tables and receiving of legal confirmation in the Jacobean canons.
Kenneth Fincham and Nicholas Tyacke
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198207009
- eISBN:
- 9780191677434
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198207009.003.0003
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History, History of Religion
Despite the order that Elizabeth enforced in 1559, the altarwise positions of the communion tables and the use of wafer bread in communion did not become widespread practices. Religious images, even ...
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Despite the order that Elizabeth enforced in 1559, the altarwise positions of the communion tables and the use of wafer bread in communion did not become widespread practices. Religious images, even the crucifix on the communion table, were still being somewhat violently discouraged. Evidently, the argument arises that the action that Queen Elizabeth took contributed to the emergence of a group of avant-garde clergy that was dedicated not only to greater ceremonialism in worship but that also intricately investigated and questioned doctrinal orthodoxy. Laudianism grew, especially in the first two decades of the century. In 1617, however, it was proposed that communion tables be turned into altars. This movement was succeeded by the notion of restoring St Paul's Cathedral in 1620, which was then followed by the re-edification and beautification of churches and the reintroduction of religious images and organ music.Less
Despite the order that Elizabeth enforced in 1559, the altarwise positions of the communion tables and the use of wafer bread in communion did not become widespread practices. Religious images, even the crucifix on the communion table, were still being somewhat violently discouraged. Evidently, the argument arises that the action that Queen Elizabeth took contributed to the emergence of a group of avant-garde clergy that was dedicated not only to greater ceremonialism in worship but that also intricately investigated and questioned doctrinal orthodoxy. Laudianism grew, especially in the first two decades of the century. In 1617, however, it was proposed that communion tables be turned into altars. This movement was succeeded by the notion of restoring St Paul's Cathedral in 1620, which was then followed by the re-edification and beautification of churches and the reintroduction of religious images and organ music.
Jenny Wormald
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780197263303
- eISBN:
- 9780191734137
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197263303.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History
This chapter discusses the drama and tension of the accession, and the history of the Union of the Crowns in the lifetime of James. James VI was proclaimed King of England when Elizabeth died. It was ...
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This chapter discusses the drama and tension of the accession, and the history of the Union of the Crowns in the lifetime of James. James VI was proclaimed King of England when Elizabeth died. It was ruthlessly silent about James' Anglo-Scottish ancestry. But what James VI had inherited from his Stuart ancestors, most notably James IV and the even more effective James V, was a lofty vision of the diplomatic importance of the King of Scots and his ability to have an impact on other European countries. In 1603, the brutal fact was that the Scots and the English disliked one another intensely. The theme of Anglo-Scottish hostility is briefly outlined. The Union of 1603 did have a profound impact on his style of kingship. It was also noted that the dearth of Tudor heirs contributed to the absolute problem of finding different kings for England and Scotland. When celebrating the fourth centenary of that momentous event, the toast was certainly to King James.Less
This chapter discusses the drama and tension of the accession, and the history of the Union of the Crowns in the lifetime of James. James VI was proclaimed King of England when Elizabeth died. It was ruthlessly silent about James' Anglo-Scottish ancestry. But what James VI had inherited from his Stuart ancestors, most notably James IV and the even more effective James V, was a lofty vision of the diplomatic importance of the King of Scots and his ability to have an impact on other European countries. In 1603, the brutal fact was that the Scots and the English disliked one another intensely. The theme of Anglo-Scottish hostility is briefly outlined. The Union of 1603 did have a profound impact on his style of kingship. It was also noted that the dearth of Tudor heirs contributed to the absolute problem of finding different kings for England and Scotland. When celebrating the fourth centenary of that momentous event, the toast was certainly to King James.
Martin Wiggins
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199650590
- eISBN:
- 9780191741982
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199650590.003.0003
- Subject:
- Literature, Drama, 16th-century and Renaissance Literature
This chapter analyses and reconstructs the dramatic response to the return of Protestantism to the heart of English government with the accession of Elizabeth I after five years of Mary I's ...
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This chapter analyses and reconstructs the dramatic response to the return of Protestantism to the heart of English government with the accession of Elizabeth I after five years of Mary I's counter-Reformation court. The first court masque of the reign is reconstructed from documentary evidence, and the diplomatic repercussions of its caricature of the Catholic clergy are analysed. Attempts by common players to stage similarly anti-Catholic and political plays, however, led to embarrassment and the imposition of censorship. The queen's attitude to the expression of political opinions in drama rapidly became more circumspect.Less
This chapter analyses and reconstructs the dramatic response to the return of Protestantism to the heart of English government with the accession of Elizabeth I after five years of Mary I's counter-Reformation court. The first court masque of the reign is reconstructed from documentary evidence, and the diplomatic repercussions of its caricature of the Catholic clergy are analysed. Attempts by common players to stage similarly anti-Catholic and political plays, however, led to embarrassment and the imposition of censorship. The queen's attitude to the expression of political opinions in drama rapidly became more circumspect.
R. B. Wernham
- Published in print:
- 1994
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198204435
- eISBN:
- 9780191676277
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198204435.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History
The defeat of the Spanish Armada did not put an end to Spanish sea power, nor to Spain's ambitions in northern Europe. By the mid-1590s, Spain had recovered from the disaster of 1588, and the renewed ...
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The defeat of the Spanish Armada did not put an end to Spanish sea power, nor to Spain's ambitions in northern Europe. By the mid-1590s, Spain had recovered from the disaster of 1588, and the renewed naval wars together with the outbreak of rebellion in Ireland form the principal themes of this book. This book examines these major events of the last years of the Queen Elizabeth's reign and assesses their impact on English policy. It shows how much of the impetus in foreign policy derived from the Earl of Essex, whose personal ambition and practical incompetence brought frustration and danger, and ultimately led him through rebellion to the Scaffold. It was left to Mountjoy in Ireland, to Leveson and a new generation of sea commanders, and above all to Robert Cecil, to bring war and rebellion to a reasonably satisfactory conclusion.Less
The defeat of the Spanish Armada did not put an end to Spanish sea power, nor to Spain's ambitions in northern Europe. By the mid-1590s, Spain had recovered from the disaster of 1588, and the renewed naval wars together with the outbreak of rebellion in Ireland form the principal themes of this book. This book examines these major events of the last years of the Queen Elizabeth's reign and assesses their impact on English policy. It shows how much of the impetus in foreign policy derived from the Earl of Essex, whose personal ambition and practical incompetence brought frustration and danger, and ultimately led him through rebellion to the Scaffold. It was left to Mountjoy in Ireland, to Leveson and a new generation of sea commanders, and above all to Robert Cecil, to bring war and rebellion to a reasonably satisfactory conclusion.
