Jie W Weiss and David J Weiss
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195322989
- eISBN:
- 9780199869206
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195322989.003.0008
- Subject:
- Psychology, Cognitive Psychology
This chapter presents an introduction written by Ward Edwards to the paper by Paul Slovic and Sarah Lichtenstein published in an issue of Organizational Behavior and Human Performance. It gives ...
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This chapter presents an introduction written by Ward Edwards to the paper by Paul Slovic and Sarah Lichtenstein published in an issue of Organizational Behavior and Human Performance. It gives credit to and takes potshots at streams of research that, while not antithetical to the Bayesian approach, failed to address its virtues. Ward praises Egon Brunswik for realizing that the task was an essential component of any theory of behavior, while pointing out that Brunswik's way of handling the probabilistic nature of the environment was somewhat primitive. Anderson's functional measurement approach was credited with bringing measurement theory into psychology, but criticized for lacking a theory of response selection. He laughed at the behaviorists, finding trivial examples that showed how rewarded responses did not increase in likelihood of occurrence when reasoned actions are under consideration.Less
This chapter presents an introduction written by Ward Edwards to the paper by Paul Slovic and Sarah Lichtenstein published in an issue of Organizational Behavior and Human Performance. It gives credit to and takes potshots at streams of research that, while not antithetical to the Bayesian approach, failed to address its virtues. Ward praises Egon Brunswik for realizing that the task was an essential component of any theory of behavior, while pointing out that Brunswik's way of handling the probabilistic nature of the environment was somewhat primitive. Anderson's functional measurement approach was credited with bringing measurement theory into psychology, but criticized for lacking a theory of response selection. He laughed at the behaviorists, finding trivial examples that showed how rewarded responses did not increase in likelihood of occurrence when reasoned actions are under consideration.
Alex Kirlik
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195374827
- eISBN:
- 9780199847693
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195374827.001.0001
- Subject:
- Psychology, Cognitive Psychology
In everyday life, and particularly in the modern workplace, information technology and automation increasingly mediate, augment, and sometimes even interfere with how humans interact with their ...
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In everyday life, and particularly in the modern workplace, information technology and automation increasingly mediate, augment, and sometimes even interfere with how humans interact with their environment. How to understand and support cognition in human–technology interaction is both a practically and socially relevant problem. The chapters in this volume frame this problem in adaptive terms: How are behavior and cognition adapted, or perhaps ill-adapted, to the demands and opportunities of an environment where interaction is mediated by tools and technology? The text draws heavily on the work of Egon Brunswik, a pioneer in ecological and cognitive psychology, as well as on modern refinements and extensions of Brunswikian ideas, including Hammond's Social Judgment Theory, Gigerenzer's Ecological Rationality and Anderson's Rational Analysis. Inspired by Brunswik's view of cognition as “coming to terms” with the “casual texture” of the external world, the chapters here provide quantitative and computational models and measures for studying how people come to terms with an increasingly technological ecology, and provide insights for supporting cognition and performance through design, training, and other interventions.Less
In everyday life, and particularly in the modern workplace, information technology and automation increasingly mediate, augment, and sometimes even interfere with how humans interact with their environment. How to understand and support cognition in human–technology interaction is both a practically and socially relevant problem. The chapters in this volume frame this problem in adaptive terms: How are behavior and cognition adapted, or perhaps ill-adapted, to the demands and opportunities of an environment where interaction is mediated by tools and technology? The text draws heavily on the work of Egon Brunswik, a pioneer in ecological and cognitive psychology, as well as on modern refinements and extensions of Brunswikian ideas, including Hammond's Social Judgment Theory, Gigerenzer's Ecological Rationality and Anderson's Rational Analysis. Inspired by Brunswik's view of cognition as “coming to terms” with the “casual texture” of the external world, the chapters here provide quantitative and computational models and measures for studying how people come to terms with an increasingly technological ecology, and provide insights for supporting cognition and performance through design, training, and other interventions.
Patrik N. Juslin
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780198753421
- eISBN:
- 9780191842689
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198753421.003.0010
- Subject:
- Psychology, Music Psychology, Developmental Psychology
This chapter considers a third paradox regarding musical emotions. Emotions can generally be communicated accurately from a musician to a listener based on musical features, despite the fact that ...
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This chapter considers a third paradox regarding musical emotions. Emotions can generally be communicated accurately from a musician to a listener based on musical features, despite the fact that different circumstances offer very different features to the performer's and listener's disposal. It pays particular attention to Egon Brunswik's theory of visual perception, i.e. his so-called ‘lens model’, which sought to depict the relationship between an ‘organism’ and its ‘environment’, and, in particular, how visual impressions are ‘mediated’ by a number of imperfect ‘cues’ in the environment that the organism is utilizing to make ‘inferences’ about perceptual objects.Less
This chapter considers a third paradox regarding musical emotions. Emotions can generally be communicated accurately from a musician to a listener based on musical features, despite the fact that different circumstances offer very different features to the performer's and listener's disposal. It pays particular attention to Egon Brunswik's theory of visual perception, i.e. his so-called ‘lens model’, which sought to depict the relationship between an ‘organism’ and its ‘environment’, and, in particular, how visual impressions are ‘mediated’ by a number of imperfect ‘cues’ in the environment that the organism is utilizing to make ‘inferences’ about perceptual objects.
