Helmut Hofmann
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- September 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780198504016
- eISBN:
- 9780191708480
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198504016.003.0016
- Subject:
- Physics, Nuclear and Plasma Physics
The stability of metal clusters exhibits shell effects similar to that of nuclei. This chapter reviews how this feature is treated in the jellium model. The main focus is on optical properties ...
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The stability of metal clusters exhibits shell effects similar to that of nuclei. This chapter reviews how this feature is treated in the jellium model. The main focus is on optical properties described by the dielectric function, which is analyzed in greater detail, first for the Drude-Lorentz model then for a fully quantal treatment. With increasing volume of the clusters, only bulk properties typical for a metal are important. For smaller systems, quantum size effects come into play. This effect is studied, reporting on microscopic calculations within the jellium model. Of special interest is the damping width, for which finite values are obtained even at small frequencies if the quantal electronic states are treated as being quasi-continuous. This mechanism is often associated with Landau damping known to conserve entropy. The problem related to this fact is examined, together with the analogous one of wall friction in finite nuclei.Less
The stability of metal clusters exhibits shell effects similar to that of nuclei. This chapter reviews how this feature is treated in the jellium model. The main focus is on optical properties described by the dielectric function, which is analyzed in greater detail, first for the Drude-Lorentz model then for a fully quantal treatment. With increasing volume of the clusters, only bulk properties typical for a metal are important. For smaller systems, quantum size effects come into play. This effect is studied, reporting on microscopic calculations within the jellium model. Of special interest is the damping width, for which finite values are obtained even at small frequencies if the quantal electronic states are treated as being quasi-continuous. This mechanism is often associated with Landau damping known to conserve entropy. The problem related to this fact is examined, together with the analogous one of wall friction in finite nuclei.
Weiner John and Frederico Nunes
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- December 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780198567653
- eISBN:
- 9780191775147
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198567653.003.0003
- Subject:
- Physics, Atomic, Laser, and Optical Physics
This complement presents the time evolution of energy transport into polarisable matter and interprets the Poynting vector in terms of energy flux. The interaction of incident energy flux with ...
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This complement presents the time evolution of energy transport into polarisable matter and interprets the Poynting vector in terms of energy flux. The interaction of incident energy flux with polarisable matter, characterised by the Drude-Lorentz dispersion model, leads to the distinction between stored energy and dissipated energy. Harmonic time variation leads to a discussion of the time and frequency dependence of the stored and dissipated energy.Less
This complement presents the time evolution of energy transport into polarisable matter and interprets the Poynting vector in terms of energy flux. The interaction of incident energy flux with polarisable matter, characterised by the Drude-Lorentz dispersion model, leads to the distinction between stored energy and dissipated energy. Harmonic time variation leads to a discussion of the time and frequency dependence of the stored and dissipated energy.
J. B. Ketterson
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- December 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780198742906
- eISBN:
- 9780191821523
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198742906.003.0003
- Subject:
- Physics, Condensed Matter Physics / Materials
In its more modern context, the Drude–Lorentz model views a material as consisting of an array of the following: fixed positive ions and free electrons; or neutral atoms, or balanced positive and ...
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In its more modern context, the Drude–Lorentz model views a material as consisting of an array of the following: fixed positive ions and free electrons; or neutral atoms, or balanced positive and negative ions atoms (as in NaCl), with no free electrons. The first case involves a metal while the second involves an insulator. This chapter derives expressions for the following: electrical conductivity and electrical resistivity of metals at room temperature; the Hall effect; frequency-dependent conductivity; dielectric constant of a metal; dielectric constant of an insulator, a metal in a constant magnetic field and an oscillatory electric field; thermal conductivity of a metal; and thermoelectric effect. The chapter also includes some sample problems.Less
In its more modern context, the Drude–Lorentz model views a material as consisting of an array of the following: fixed positive ions and free electrons; or neutral atoms, or balanced positive and negative ions atoms (as in NaCl), with no free electrons. The first case involves a metal while the second involves an insulator. This chapter derives expressions for the following: electrical conductivity and electrical resistivity of metals at room temperature; the Hall effect; frequency-dependent conductivity; dielectric constant of a metal; dielectric constant of an insulator, a metal in a constant magnetic field and an oscillatory electric field; thermal conductivity of a metal; and thermoelectric effect. The chapter also includes some sample problems.
