Christopher Baker-Beall
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780719091063
- eISBN:
- 9781526115294
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719091063.003.0002
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
Chapter One outlines the analytical techniques that were used to explore the EU’s ‘fight against terrorism’ discourse. The chapter contends that language and identity are significant in that they ...
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Chapter One outlines the analytical techniques that were used to explore the EU’s ‘fight against terrorism’ discourse. The chapter contends that language and identity are significant in that they help to construct the ‘fight against terrorism’ discourse, which it is argued makes the practice of EU counter-terrorism policy possible. The chapter considers three theoretical concepts that underpin this investigation into EU counter-terrorism policy: discourse, representation and securitisation. The chapter outlines the methodological approach used to conduct this analysis of the ‘fight against terrorism’: a three-step process of discourse analysis. The chapter concludes with a discussion of how the analysis was itself completed and why various texts were selected for analysis.Less
Chapter One outlines the analytical techniques that were used to explore the EU’s ‘fight against terrorism’ discourse. The chapter contends that language and identity are significant in that they help to construct the ‘fight against terrorism’ discourse, which it is argued makes the practice of EU counter-terrorism policy possible. The chapter considers three theoretical concepts that underpin this investigation into EU counter-terrorism policy: discourse, representation and securitisation. The chapter outlines the methodological approach used to conduct this analysis of the ‘fight against terrorism’: a three-step process of discourse analysis. The chapter concludes with a discussion of how the analysis was itself completed and why various texts were selected for analysis.
Christopher Baker-Beall
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780719091063
- eISBN:
- 9781526115294
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719091063.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
This book is about the language of the European Union’s response to the threat of terrorism: the ‘fight against terrorism’. Since its re-emergence in the wake of the terrorist attacks on September ...
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This book is about the language of the European Union’s response to the threat of terrorism: the ‘fight against terrorism’. Since its re-emergence in the wake of the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, the ‘fight against terrorism’ has come to represent a priority area of action for the European Union (EU). Drawing on interpretive approaches to International Relations, the author outlines a discourse theory of identity and counter-terrorism policy in order to explore the ways in which the EU’s counter-terrorism discourse has been constructed and the ways in which it functions. Importantly, the author shows how the ‘fight against terrorism’ structures the EU response to terrorism through the prism of identity, drawing our attention to the various ‘others’ that have come to form the target of EU counter-terrorism policy. Through an extensive analysis of the wider societal impact of the EU’s ‘fight against terrorism’ discourse, the author reveals the various ways in which EU counter-terrorism policy is contributing to the ‘securitisation’ of social and political life within Europe.Less
This book is about the language of the European Union’s response to the threat of terrorism: the ‘fight against terrorism’. Since its re-emergence in the wake of the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, the ‘fight against terrorism’ has come to represent a priority area of action for the European Union (EU). Drawing on interpretive approaches to International Relations, the author outlines a discourse theory of identity and counter-terrorism policy in order to explore the ways in which the EU’s counter-terrorism discourse has been constructed and the ways in which it functions. Importantly, the author shows how the ‘fight against terrorism’ structures the EU response to terrorism through the prism of identity, drawing our attention to the various ‘others’ that have come to form the target of EU counter-terrorism policy. Through an extensive analysis of the wider societal impact of the EU’s ‘fight against terrorism’ discourse, the author reveals the various ways in which EU counter-terrorism policy is contributing to the ‘securitisation’ of social and political life within Europe.
Thibaut Raboin
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780719099632
- eISBN:
- 9781526121011
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719099632.001.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Gay and Lesbian Studies
Discourses on LGBT asylum in the UK analyses fifteen years of debate, activism and media narrative and examines the way asylum is conceptualized at the crossroads of nationhood, post colonialism and ...
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Discourses on LGBT asylum in the UK analyses fifteen years of debate, activism and media narrative and examines the way asylum is conceptualized at the crossroads of nationhood, post colonialism and sexual citizenship, reshaping in the process forms of sexual belongings to the nation.
Asylum has become a foremost site for the formulation and critique of LGBT human rights. This book intervenes in the ongoing discussion of homonationalism, sheds new light on the limitations of queer liberalism as a political strategy, and questions the prevailing modes of solidarity with queer migrants in the UK.
This book employs the methods of Discourse Analysis to study a large corpus encompassing media narratives, policy documents, debates with activists and NGOs, and also counter discourses emerging from art practice. The study of these discourses illuminates the construction of the social problem of LGBT asylum. Doing so, it shows how our understanding of asylum is firmly rooted in the individual stories of migration that are circulated in the media. The book also critiques the exclusionary management of cases by the state, especially in the way the state manufactures the authenticity of queer refugees. Finally, it investigates the affective economy of asylum, assessing critically the role of sympathy and challenging the happy goals of queer liberalism.
This book will be essential for researchers and students specializing in refugee studies and queer studies.Less
Discourses on LGBT asylum in the UK analyses fifteen years of debate, activism and media narrative and examines the way asylum is conceptualized at the crossroads of nationhood, post colonialism and sexual citizenship, reshaping in the process forms of sexual belongings to the nation.
Asylum has become a foremost site for the formulation and critique of LGBT human rights. This book intervenes in the ongoing discussion of homonationalism, sheds new light on the limitations of queer liberalism as a political strategy, and questions the prevailing modes of solidarity with queer migrants in the UK.
This book employs the methods of Discourse Analysis to study a large corpus encompassing media narratives, policy documents, debates with activists and NGOs, and also counter discourses emerging from art practice. The study of these discourses illuminates the construction of the social problem of LGBT asylum. Doing so, it shows how our understanding of asylum is firmly rooted in the individual stories of migration that are circulated in the media. The book also critiques the exclusionary management of cases by the state, especially in the way the state manufactures the authenticity of queer refugees. Finally, it investigates the affective economy of asylum, assessing critically the role of sympathy and challenging the happy goals of queer liberalism.
This book will be essential for researchers and students specializing in refugee studies and queer studies.
Johannes Angermuller and Raj Kollmorgen
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- March 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780198829911
- eISBN:
- 9780191868368
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198829911.003.0021
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics
As a practice of meaning making in society, discourse points to important dimensions of social and historical change. This chapter discusses examples of discourse research on social transformation in ...
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As a practice of meaning making in society, discourse points to important dimensions of social and historical change. This chapter discusses examples of discourse research on social transformation in Central and Eastern Europe. It shows how methods from linguistic, semiotic, and cultural theory can be used to account for a changing social order (e.g., how change is narrated in Russia during the perestroika period or how Eastern Germans are represented in Western media discourse after the reunification). Against a background in Discourse Studies, we put special emphasis on macrosociological views of discursive change, which one can find, for instance, in Foucault’s power/knowledge approach, Laclau/Mouffian hegemony analysis, and Critical Discourse Analysis. The chapter concludes by pointing out the strengths as well as the limits of discourse research, which is based on the idea that language not only represents social realities but, through representation, also contributes to creating them.Less
As a practice of meaning making in society, discourse points to important dimensions of social and historical change. This chapter discusses examples of discourse research on social transformation in Central and Eastern Europe. It shows how methods from linguistic, semiotic, and cultural theory can be used to account for a changing social order (e.g., how change is narrated in Russia during the perestroika period or how Eastern Germans are represented in Western media discourse after the reunification). Against a background in Discourse Studies, we put special emphasis on macrosociological views of discursive change, which one can find, for instance, in Foucault’s power/knowledge approach, Laclau/Mouffian hegemony analysis, and Critical Discourse Analysis. The chapter concludes by pointing out the strengths as well as the limits of discourse research, which is based on the idea that language not only represents social realities but, through representation, also contributes to creating them.
Ammon Cheskin
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780748697434
- eISBN:
- 9781474418539
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748697434.003.0004
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Language Families
This chapter provides a detailed analysis of media discourse in Latvia, with a specific focus on the country’s Russian-language press. Firstly this section explores the means by which the media have ...
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This chapter provides a detailed analysis of media discourse in Latvia, with a specific focus on the country’s Russian-language press. Firstly this section explores the means by which the media have attempted to construct a sub-national group of Russian-speakers in Latvia, and to what extent they have managed to imbue this imagined community with certain characteristics and traits. Secondly, a comprehensive critical discourse analysis of the Russian-language dailies Chas and Vesti Segodnia is conducted. Specific attention is paid to how journalistic elites respond to the various ‘Latvian’ discourses of statehood and nationalism which have been identified in earlier chapters. It is demonstrated that Russian-speaking discourses are not simply ‘anti-Latvian’. Instead the analysis also reveals the emergence of a more positive Russian-speaking identity which is increasingly premised upon the acceptance of various Latvian narratives and discourses.Less
This chapter provides a detailed analysis of media discourse in Latvia, with a specific focus on the country’s Russian-language press. Firstly this section explores the means by which the media have attempted to construct a sub-national group of Russian-speakers in Latvia, and to what extent they have managed to imbue this imagined community with certain characteristics and traits. Secondly, a comprehensive critical discourse analysis of the Russian-language dailies Chas and Vesti Segodnia is conducted. Specific attention is paid to how journalistic elites respond to the various ‘Latvian’ discourses of statehood and nationalism which have been identified in earlier chapters. It is demonstrated that Russian-speaking discourses are not simply ‘anti-Latvian’. Instead the analysis also reveals the emergence of a more positive Russian-speaking identity which is increasingly premised upon the acceptance of various Latvian narratives and discourses.
Alexander Spencer
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780719095290
- eISBN:
- 9781526115287
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719095290.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
This book is a story about the importance of stories in International Relations. It brings insights from Literary Studies and Narratology into IR and political science by developing a new discourse ...
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This book is a story about the importance of stories in International Relations. It brings insights from Literary Studies and Narratology into IR and political science by developing a new discourse analytical method of narrative analysis. Focusing on the three narrative elements of setting, characterization and emplotment, the book argues that narratives are of fundamental importance for human cognition and identity construction. Narratives help us understand the social and political world in which we live. The book emphasizes the idea of intertextual narratability which holds that for narratives to become dominant they have to link themselves to previously existing stories. Empirically the book looks at narratives about pirates, rebels and private military and security companies (PMSCs). The book illustrates in the case of pirates and rebels that the romantic images embedded in cultural narratives influence our understanding of modern piracy in places like Somalia or rebels in Libya. Dominant romantic narratives marginalize other, less flattering, stories about these actors, in which they are constituted as terrorists and made responsible for human rights violations. In contrast, in the case of PMSCs in Iraq the absence of such romantic cultural narratives makes it difficult for such actors to successfully narrate themselves as romantic heroes to the public.Less
This book is a story about the importance of stories in International Relations. It brings insights from Literary Studies and Narratology into IR and political science by developing a new discourse analytical method of narrative analysis. Focusing on the three narrative elements of setting, characterization and emplotment, the book argues that narratives are of fundamental importance for human cognition and identity construction. Narratives help us understand the social and political world in which we live. The book emphasizes the idea of intertextual narratability which holds that for narratives to become dominant they have to link themselves to previously existing stories. Empirically the book looks at narratives about pirates, rebels and private military and security companies (PMSCs). The book illustrates in the case of pirates and rebels that the romantic images embedded in cultural narratives influence our understanding of modern piracy in places like Somalia or rebels in Libya. Dominant romantic narratives marginalize other, less flattering, stories about these actors, in which they are constituted as terrorists and made responsible for human rights violations. In contrast, in the case of PMSCs in Iraq the absence of such romantic cultural narratives makes it difficult for such actors to successfully narrate themselves as romantic heroes to the public.
Ryan M. Milner
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780262034999
- eISBN:
- 9780262335911
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262034999.001.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Technology and Society
This book presents an analysis of internet memes, the linguistic, image, audio, and video texts created, circulated, and transformed by countless cultural participants across vast networks and ...
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This book presents an analysis of internet memes, the linguistic, image, audio, and video texts created, circulated, and transformed by countless cultural participants across vast networks and collectives. They can be widely shared catchphrases, auto-tuned songs, manipulated stock photos, or recordings of physical performances. They’re used to make jokes, argue points, and connect friends. As these texts have become increasingly prominent and prolific, the logics underscoring them—multimodality, reappropriation, resonance, collectivism, and spread—have become lynchpins of mediated participation. Even as individual internet memes rise and fall, the contemporary media ecology persists in being memetic. In this ecology, vibrant collective conversations occur across constellations of mediated commentary, remix, and play. Through memetic media, everyday members of the public can contribute their small strands of expression to the vast cultural tapestry.
This book assesses the relationship between those small strands and that vast tapestry, exploring the good, the bad, and the in-between of collective conversation. Memetic media are used to connect participants across distance and context, but they’re also used to dehumanize others through the dominant perspectives they normalize. They’re used to express beyond narrow gatekeeping systems, but they’re still embedded in wider culture industries. Memetic media bring with them a mix of new potentials and old tensions, woven into the cultural tapestry by countless contributors. This book charts that intertwine.Less
This book presents an analysis of internet memes, the linguistic, image, audio, and video texts created, circulated, and transformed by countless cultural participants across vast networks and collectives. They can be widely shared catchphrases, auto-tuned songs, manipulated stock photos, or recordings of physical performances. They’re used to make jokes, argue points, and connect friends. As these texts have become increasingly prominent and prolific, the logics underscoring them—multimodality, reappropriation, resonance, collectivism, and spread—have become lynchpins of mediated participation. Even as individual internet memes rise and fall, the contemporary media ecology persists in being memetic. In this ecology, vibrant collective conversations occur across constellations of mediated commentary, remix, and play. Through memetic media, everyday members of the public can contribute their small strands of expression to the vast cultural tapestry.
This book assesses the relationship between those small strands and that vast tapestry, exploring the good, the bad, and the in-between of collective conversation. Memetic media are used to connect participants across distance and context, but they’re also used to dehumanize others through the dominant perspectives they normalize. They’re used to express beyond narrow gatekeeping systems, but they’re still embedded in wider culture industries. Memetic media bring with them a mix of new potentials and old tensions, woven into the cultural tapestry by countless contributors. This book charts that intertwine.
Fiona Stevenson
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- May 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199665372
- eISBN:
- 9780191748585
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199665372.003.0004
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health, Epidemiology
The chapter examines observations of interactions as a means to understanding people’s experiences of health care. Focusing on non-participant observations of naturally occurring interactions, it ...
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The chapter examines observations of interactions as a means to understanding people’s experiences of health care. Focusing on non-participant observations of naturally occurring interactions, it considers how patients’ experiences in medical consultations may be understood through observations of the ‘work’ carried out in consultations. It outlines different approaches to data analysis, and the strengths and limitations of observational research. Different approaches to data collection are considered along with associated rationales and implications for analysis. It assesses how findings from observational research can contribute to improving patients’ experiences and inform and critique public policy. It concludes by examining the ways in which links between observational research and other research approaches can be made with the aim of improving understandings of people’s experiences of health care.Less
The chapter examines observations of interactions as a means to understanding people’s experiences of health care. Focusing on non-participant observations of naturally occurring interactions, it considers how patients’ experiences in medical consultations may be understood through observations of the ‘work’ carried out in consultations. It outlines different approaches to data analysis, and the strengths and limitations of observational research. Different approaches to data collection are considered along with associated rationales and implications for analysis. It assesses how findings from observational research can contribute to improving patients’ experiences and inform and critique public policy. It concludes by examining the ways in which links between observational research and other research approaches can be made with the aim of improving understandings of people’s experiences of health care.
Michael Loadenthal
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- January 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781526114457
- eISBN:
- 9781526128454
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9781526114457.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Security Studies
The politics of attack is an exploration of insurrectionary anarchist praxis, with a particular focus on the rhetoric, discourse, and theory found in communiqués. This book challenges the reader to ...
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The politics of attack is an exploration of insurrectionary anarchist praxis, with a particular focus on the rhetoric, discourse, and theory found in communiqués. This book challenges the reader to consider the marginalized ideas put forth by those political actors that communicate through bombs, arson, and broken windows, and who are rejected through the state’s construction of terrorism. When a police station is firebombed, the subsequent discussions focus more on the illegality of the act rather than the socio-political critique the actor put forth. What if we were to embrace the means through which the militant, ‘organic intellectual’ acts, and consider the communiqué’s content, the way one would consider any political text? This inter-textual analysis is presented within a political and historical context, with the hopes of elevating the discussion of insurrectionary praxis beyond notions of terrorism and securitization and towards its application for intersectional challenges to structural violence and domination.
In the social war being waged by insurrectionary anarchists, small acts of violence are announced and contextualized through written communiqués, which are posted online, translated, and circulated globally. This book offers the first contemporary history of these post-millennial, digitally-mediated, insurrectionary anarchist networks, and seeks to locate this tendency within anti-state struggles from the past. Through an examination of thousands of movement documents, this book presents the discourse offered by clandestine, urban guerrillas fighting capitalism, the state, and the omnipresent forces of violence and coercion.Less
The politics of attack is an exploration of insurrectionary anarchist praxis, with a particular focus on the rhetoric, discourse, and theory found in communiqués. This book challenges the reader to consider the marginalized ideas put forth by those political actors that communicate through bombs, arson, and broken windows, and who are rejected through the state’s construction of terrorism. When a police station is firebombed, the subsequent discussions focus more on the illegality of the act rather than the socio-political critique the actor put forth. What if we were to embrace the means through which the militant, ‘organic intellectual’ acts, and consider the communiqué’s content, the way one would consider any political text? This inter-textual analysis is presented within a political and historical context, with the hopes of elevating the discussion of insurrectionary praxis beyond notions of terrorism and securitization and towards its application for intersectional challenges to structural violence and domination.
In the social war being waged by insurrectionary anarchists, small acts of violence are announced and contextualized through written communiqués, which are posted online, translated, and circulated globally. This book offers the first contemporary history of these post-millennial, digitally-mediated, insurrectionary anarchist networks, and seeks to locate this tendency within anti-state struggles from the past. Through an examination of thousands of movement documents, this book presents the discourse offered by clandestine, urban guerrillas fighting capitalism, the state, and the omnipresent forces of violence and coercion.
Alexander Spencer
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780719095290
- eISBN:
- 9781526115287
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719095290.003.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
The introduction outlines the overall argument of the book that narratives in international politics cannot be freely changed or manipulated by narrators, but that narratives have to conform or at ...
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The introduction outlines the overall argument of the book that narratives in international politics cannot be freely changed or manipulated by narrators, but that narratives have to conform or at least connect to previously existing ones. The acceptance of narratives is contingent on the intertextuality of the narratives being told and those embedded amongst the audience. The introduction briefly embeds narrative analysis in a wider field of discursive approaches in IR, and then elaborates on the role of the media and cultural artefacts in the articulation of stories in international politics. Finally, the introduction outlines the structure of what is to follow in the remaining empirical chapters on German narratives of pirates in Somalia, British narratives of rebels in Libya and US narratives of private military and security companies in Iraq.Less
The introduction outlines the overall argument of the book that narratives in international politics cannot be freely changed or manipulated by narrators, but that narratives have to conform or at least connect to previously existing ones. The acceptance of narratives is contingent on the intertextuality of the narratives being told and those embedded amongst the audience. The introduction briefly embeds narrative analysis in a wider field of discursive approaches in IR, and then elaborates on the role of the media and cultural artefacts in the articulation of stories in international politics. Finally, the introduction outlines the structure of what is to follow in the remaining empirical chapters on German narratives of pirates in Somalia, British narratives of rebels in Libya and US narratives of private military and security companies in Iraq.
Anne Hammerstad
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- April 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199213085
- eISBN:
- 9780191746673
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199213085.003.0005
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
This is the first of four chapters that conduct a discourse analysis of the conceptual framework within which UNHCR has made sense of, contextualized and presented the problems it faces and the ...
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This is the first of four chapters that conduct a discourse analysis of the conceptual framework within which UNHCR has made sense of, contextualized and presented the problems it faces and the policies it employs. This chapter dissects UNHCR’s official discourse over the three decades from its inception in 1951 to 1980. It shows a discourse in continual evolution, but which adheres to strict interpretations of a non-political, neutral and non-operational ethos. This discourse effectively constricted UNHCR’s actions and ensured that the agency remained small, anonymous and relatively uncontroversial in this period. It is a very different discourse from the expansive security discourse adopted by the refugee agency after the end of the Cold War.Less
This is the first of four chapters that conduct a discourse analysis of the conceptual framework within which UNHCR has made sense of, contextualized and presented the problems it faces and the policies it employs. This chapter dissects UNHCR’s official discourse over the three decades from its inception in 1951 to 1980. It shows a discourse in continual evolution, but which adheres to strict interpretations of a non-political, neutral and non-operational ethos. This discourse effectively constricted UNHCR’s actions and ensured that the agency remained small, anonymous and relatively uncontroversial in this period. It is a very different discourse from the expansive security discourse adopted by the refugee agency after the end of the Cold War.
Peter Yeandle
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- January 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780719080128
- eISBN:
- 9781781708354
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719080128.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, Imperialism and Colonialism
In addition to providing a summary, the conclusion offers thoughts on how to take the study forward. In particular, there is some tentative analysis of texts which makes use of discourse analysis. ...
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In addition to providing a summary, the conclusion offers thoughts on how to take the study forward. In particular, there is some tentative analysis of texts which makes use of discourse analysis. The conclusion also discusses the use of autobiography and oral history as means to capture memories of teaching and learning history. Finally, the conclusion returns to the contemporary politics of history teaching and assesses these debates within the context of discussion on citizenship and national identity.Less
In addition to providing a summary, the conclusion offers thoughts on how to take the study forward. In particular, there is some tentative analysis of texts which makes use of discourse analysis. The conclusion also discusses the use of autobiography and oral history as means to capture memories of teaching and learning history. Finally, the conclusion returns to the contemporary politics of history teaching and assesses these debates within the context of discussion on citizenship and national identity.
Anne Hammerstad
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- April 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199213085
- eISBN:
- 9780191746673
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199213085.003.0008
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
This chapter covers the 2000s and documents UNHCR’s retreat from a security discourse. This retreat is not complete: security retains a place in the agency’s discourse, but only in discrete areas of ...
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This chapter covers the 2000s and documents UNHCR’s retreat from a security discourse. This retreat is not complete: security retains a place in the agency’s discourse, but only in discrete areas of concern, especially staff and refugee safety in an operative post-9/11 environment characterized by shrinking ‘humanitarian space’. The concept of security no longer provided an overarching discursive logic for UNHCR and was seldom used in sweeping statements regarding the nature of displacement challenges or the refugee agency’s own raison d’être. Instead, UNHCR reoriented its discourse towards the concept of protection, aiming to be the UN’s protection agency, not just for refugees but for a range of vulnerable populations. Towards the end of the 2000s, the retreat from the language of security became a conscious discursive campaign to take security considerations out of displacement and humanitarian politics.Less
This chapter covers the 2000s and documents UNHCR’s retreat from a security discourse. This retreat is not complete: security retains a place in the agency’s discourse, but only in discrete areas of concern, especially staff and refugee safety in an operative post-9/11 environment characterized by shrinking ‘humanitarian space’. The concept of security no longer provided an overarching discursive logic for UNHCR and was seldom used in sweeping statements regarding the nature of displacement challenges or the refugee agency’s own raison d’être. Instead, UNHCR reoriented its discourse towards the concept of protection, aiming to be the UN’s protection agency, not just for refugees but for a range of vulnerable populations. Towards the end of the 2000s, the retreat from the language of security became a conscious discursive campaign to take security considerations out of displacement and humanitarian politics.
Andrew Dilts
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- September 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780823262410
- eISBN:
- 9780823268986
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823262410.003.0002
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
This chapter offers an account of how “figures” are discursively produced and socially fabricated through practices that sit between distinct but overlapping domains of power/knowledge. Through an ...
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This chapter offers an account of how “figures” are discursively produced and socially fabricated through practices that sit between distinct but overlapping domains of power/knowledge. Through an extended reading of Michel Foucault’s Discipline and Punish and his 1975 lecture course, Abnormal, this chapter takes up the figures of the “delinquent” and the “convicted offender”–paradigmatic figures of the rehabilitative ideal in penology–demonstrating how they are fabricated to manage the tensions and contradictions between discursive spheres of justice and the penitentiary apparatus. This reading is extended to consider the figure of the felon, who, though the practice of disenfranchisement, should be understood as a similar fabrication, managing the tensions that emerge in the unacknowledged overlap between discourses of punishment and citizenship.Less
This chapter offers an account of how “figures” are discursively produced and socially fabricated through practices that sit between distinct but overlapping domains of power/knowledge. Through an extended reading of Michel Foucault’s Discipline and Punish and his 1975 lecture course, Abnormal, this chapter takes up the figures of the “delinquent” and the “convicted offender”–paradigmatic figures of the rehabilitative ideal in penology–demonstrating how they are fabricated to manage the tensions and contradictions between discursive spheres of justice and the penitentiary apparatus. This reading is extended to consider the figure of the felon, who, though the practice of disenfranchisement, should be understood as a similar fabrication, managing the tensions that emerge in the unacknowledged overlap between discourses of punishment and citizenship.
Alexander Spencer
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780719095290
- eISBN:
- 9781526115287
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719095290.003.0002
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
Chapter one outlines in detail a method of narrative analysis which is to be employed in the following three empirical chapters on pirates, rebels and PMSCs. It begins by reflecting on the concept of ...
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Chapter one outlines in detail a method of narrative analysis which is to be employed in the following three empirical chapters on pirates, rebels and PMSCs. It begins by reflecting on the concept of narrative in Literary Studies and Narratology and outlines some of the key elements which distinguish a narrative from other forms of representation. This includes the notion of a setting in which the story unfolds, the characterization of actors in the story and the idea of temporal and most importantly causal emplotment which elaborates on how events, settings, and characters are connected to each other. The chapter then imbeds the narrative elements of setting, characterization and emplotment into key constructivist theoretical foundations including the social construction of reality (setting), the constitution of identity (characterization) and the co-constitution of agents and structure (emplotment). The final part of the chapter turns to the genre of romance and, from the existing literature on romanticism, indicates some of the narrative elements of a typically romantic story, including an exotic and emotional setting, a brave, heroic yet human character and an adventure emploted as a struggle for an ideal in an asymmetrical conflict against a more powerful and unjust order.Less
Chapter one outlines in detail a method of narrative analysis which is to be employed in the following three empirical chapters on pirates, rebels and PMSCs. It begins by reflecting on the concept of narrative in Literary Studies and Narratology and outlines some of the key elements which distinguish a narrative from other forms of representation. This includes the notion of a setting in which the story unfolds, the characterization of actors in the story and the idea of temporal and most importantly causal emplotment which elaborates on how events, settings, and characters are connected to each other. The chapter then imbeds the narrative elements of setting, characterization and emplotment into key constructivist theoretical foundations including the social construction of reality (setting), the constitution of identity (characterization) and the co-constitution of agents and structure (emplotment). The final part of the chapter turns to the genre of romance and, from the existing literature on romanticism, indicates some of the narrative elements of a typically romantic story, including an exotic and emotional setting, a brave, heroic yet human character and an adventure emploted as a struggle for an ideal in an asymmetrical conflict against a more powerful and unjust order.
Simon Harding
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2013
- ISBN:
- 9781447300274
- eISBN:
- 9781447307594
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447300274.003.0002
- Subject:
- Social Work, Crime and Justice
Chapter One sets out the methodology and the challenges of undertaking research into status dogs and weapon dogs. This includes establishing the primary and latent function of ownership and types of ...
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Chapter One sets out the methodology and the challenges of undertaking research into status dogs and weapon dogs. This includes establishing the primary and latent function of ownership and types of breeds favoured. Ethical issues involved in this research are itemised, not least researcher safety during interviews. Research methods include media discourse analysis, focus groups, public records analysis and internet analysis. Limitations of data quality are reviewed. Other methods include participant observation in London parks; qualitative interviews with practitioners and professionals as well as with owners and handlers of aggressive breeds; the creation of a coding framework for responses to analyse qualitative interviews with owners/handlers of large/ aggressive dog breeds.Less
Chapter One sets out the methodology and the challenges of undertaking research into status dogs and weapon dogs. This includes establishing the primary and latent function of ownership and types of breeds favoured. Ethical issues involved in this research are itemised, not least researcher safety during interviews. Research methods include media discourse analysis, focus groups, public records analysis and internet analysis. Limitations of data quality are reviewed. Other methods include participant observation in London parks; qualitative interviews with practitioners and professionals as well as with owners and handlers of aggressive breeds; the creation of a coding framework for responses to analyse qualitative interviews with owners/handlers of large/ aggressive dog breeds.
Anne Hammerstad
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- April 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199213085
- eISBN:
- 9780191746673
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199213085.003.0007
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
UNHCR’s official discourse changed swiftly and substantially in the early 1990s. The refugee agency began to describe itself as a global security actor, a part of the UN’s international security ...
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UNHCR’s official discourse changed swiftly and substantially in the early 1990s. The refugee agency began to describe itself as a global security actor, a part of the UN’s international security mechanism whose activities would help resolve the political and security problems created by refugee movements. Instead of avoiding international politics, UNHCR advocated a proactive and ‘holistic’ international ‘comprehensive security’ approach to deal with the root causes of displacement, even when that meant UNHCR itself taking charge of humanitarian operations in the midst of war, providing ‘preventive protection’ to war affected populations as well as refugees. This chapter documents UNHCR’s adoption and adaption of a security discourse. This discourse gained strength in the optimistic ‘New World Order’ period after the first Gulf War; became redefined as ‘human security’ after several humanitarian disasters in the mid-1990s; before faltering towards the end of the decade.Less
UNHCR’s official discourse changed swiftly and substantially in the early 1990s. The refugee agency began to describe itself as a global security actor, a part of the UN’s international security mechanism whose activities would help resolve the political and security problems created by refugee movements. Instead of avoiding international politics, UNHCR advocated a proactive and ‘holistic’ international ‘comprehensive security’ approach to deal with the root causes of displacement, even when that meant UNHCR itself taking charge of humanitarian operations in the midst of war, providing ‘preventive protection’ to war affected populations as well as refugees. This chapter documents UNHCR’s adoption and adaption of a security discourse. This discourse gained strength in the optimistic ‘New World Order’ period after the first Gulf War; became redefined as ‘human security’ after several humanitarian disasters in the mid-1990s; before faltering towards the end of the decade.
Christina Gerken
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- August 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780816674725
- eISBN:
- 9781452947051
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Minnesota Press
- DOI:
- 10.5749/minnesota/9780816674725.001.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Race and Ethnicity
This book focuses on the watershed political events of 1995-96. During this period, President Bill Clinton signed into law three pieces of legislation that have had a significant impact on the lives ...
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This book focuses on the watershed political events of 1995-96. During this period, President Bill Clinton signed into law three pieces of legislation that have had a significant impact on the lives of immigrants: the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act (AEDPA), the Personal Responsibility Act (PRWORA), and the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act (IIRIRA). Taken together, these laws have significantly altered the rights and responsibilities of immigrants in this country. My work argues that these two years are of particular importance for the history of U.S. immigration. Drawing on Michel Foucault’s work on discourse and governmentality, this project analyzes the discursive strategies that created, shaped, and upheld a race-specific image of a “desirable” immigrant. My interdisciplinary critical discourse analysis is located at the intersection of linguistics, cultural studies, feminist theory, and critical race theory. This book explores the content and the social implications of the immigration discourse, drawing on extensive textual analysis of diverse sources including congressional debates, committee reports, and articles from The New York Times, The San Francisco Chronicle, and The Houston Chronicle. Using these sources, I argue that government debates, media discourse, and public perception were part of a larger regime of knowledge/power that continually produced and reinforced the neoliberal ideal of a responsible, self-sufficient subject. Concomitantly, my research demonstrates that despite this attempt to foreclose the terms of debate, the mid-1990s discourse on immigration was characterized by a productive tension between its underlying neoliberal assumptions and other often contradictory values and objectives.Less
This book focuses on the watershed political events of 1995-96. During this period, President Bill Clinton signed into law three pieces of legislation that have had a significant impact on the lives of immigrants: the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act (AEDPA), the Personal Responsibility Act (PRWORA), and the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act (IIRIRA). Taken together, these laws have significantly altered the rights and responsibilities of immigrants in this country. My work argues that these two years are of particular importance for the history of U.S. immigration. Drawing on Michel Foucault’s work on discourse and governmentality, this project analyzes the discursive strategies that created, shaped, and upheld a race-specific image of a “desirable” immigrant. My interdisciplinary critical discourse analysis is located at the intersection of linguistics, cultural studies, feminist theory, and critical race theory. This book explores the content and the social implications of the immigration discourse, drawing on extensive textual analysis of diverse sources including congressional debates, committee reports, and articles from The New York Times, The San Francisco Chronicle, and The Houston Chronicle. Using these sources, I argue that government debates, media discourse, and public perception were part of a larger regime of knowledge/power that continually produced and reinforced the neoliberal ideal of a responsible, self-sufficient subject. Concomitantly, my research demonstrates that despite this attempt to foreclose the terms of debate, the mid-1990s discourse on immigration was characterized by a productive tension between its underlying neoliberal assumptions and other often contradictory values and objectives.
Christina Gerken
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- August 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780816674725
- eISBN:
- 9781452947051
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Minnesota Press
- DOI:
- 10.5749/minnesota/9780816674725.003.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Race and Ethnicity
The introduction examines how the immigration reform discourse of the mid-1990s differs from earlier debates. It also provides a brief overview of some of the main discursive strands and explains the ...
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The introduction examines how the immigration reform discourse of the mid-1990s differs from earlier debates. It also provides a brief overview of some of the main discursive strands and explains the tension between the explicit emphasis on economic concerns and the underlying anxieties about immigrants’ race, class, gender, and sexuality.Less
The introduction examines how the immigration reform discourse of the mid-1990s differs from earlier debates. It also provides a brief overview of some of the main discursive strands and explains the tension between the explicit emphasis on economic concerns and the underlying anxieties about immigrants’ race, class, gender, and sexuality.
Anne Hammerstad
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- April 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199213085
- eISBN:
- 9780191746673
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199213085.003.0006
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
This chapter conducts a discourse analysis of the evolution of UNHCR’s official discourse in the 1980s. Not until the latter half of the 1980s can there be said to have been a clear change in UNHCR’s ...
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This chapter conducts a discourse analysis of the evolution of UNHCR’s official discourse in the 1980s. Not until the latter half of the 1980s can there be said to have been a clear change in UNHCR’s self-representation, away from a formulaic reiteration of the claim that it is ‘entirely non-political’ and non-operational. In this period, the language of human rights becomes more central and new concepts, such as ‘root causes’ and ‘prevention’, appear. These new additions are linked to the increased frequency in the use of the concept of security from 1987 onwards. This chapter analyses UNHCR’s discursive move into the realm of politics and human rights, which gradually leads on to the emergence of a security discourse towards the end of the 1980s.Less
This chapter conducts a discourse analysis of the evolution of UNHCR’s official discourse in the 1980s. Not until the latter half of the 1980s can there be said to have been a clear change in UNHCR’s self-representation, away from a formulaic reiteration of the claim that it is ‘entirely non-political’ and non-operational. In this period, the language of human rights becomes more central and new concepts, such as ‘root causes’ and ‘prevention’, appear. These new additions are linked to the increased frequency in the use of the concept of security from 1987 onwards. This chapter analyses UNHCR’s discursive move into the realm of politics and human rights, which gradually leads on to the emergence of a security discourse towards the end of the 1980s.
