Cathal Kilcline
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781781382899
- eISBN:
- 9781789629323
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3828/liverpool/9781781382899.003.0004
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Cultural Studies
The popularity of the Paris-Dakar rally in the 1980s drew on both a growing market for new adventure sports in France and nostalgia for colonial-era narratives of desert exploration. Since its ...
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The popularity of the Paris-Dakar rally in the 1980s drew on both a growing market for new adventure sports in France and nostalgia for colonial-era narratives of desert exploration. Since its inception, the event has provided a spectacle of motorised speed, physical suffering, technical prowess and logistical expertise, set against a backdrop of splendid scenery. The race has also been criticised for transforming some of the poorest locations in the world into a playground for a (predominantly) Western and wealthy elite and for the death toll that it has incurred in its wake. Such criticisms followed the rally along its various African itineraries and on its transposition to South America in 2009. In its early versions, the Paris-Dakar was the vehicle for the nostalgic re-enactment of French colonial-era exploits in Africa, and the subject of virulent criticism for its neo-colonial connotations and material effects. The contemporary ‘Dakar’ emerges in this analysis as a demonstration of the ‘deterritorialising’ potential of the sports-media nexus, with its opponents attesting to its contribution to the global disenfranchisement of local communities.Less
The popularity of the Paris-Dakar rally in the 1980s drew on both a growing market for new adventure sports in France and nostalgia for colonial-era narratives of desert exploration. Since its inception, the event has provided a spectacle of motorised speed, physical suffering, technical prowess and logistical expertise, set against a backdrop of splendid scenery. The race has also been criticised for transforming some of the poorest locations in the world into a playground for a (predominantly) Western and wealthy elite and for the death toll that it has incurred in its wake. Such criticisms followed the rally along its various African itineraries and on its transposition to South America in 2009. In its early versions, the Paris-Dakar was the vehicle for the nostalgic re-enactment of French colonial-era exploits in Africa, and the subject of virulent criticism for its neo-colonial connotations and material effects. The contemporary ‘Dakar’ emerges in this analysis as a demonstration of the ‘deterritorialising’ potential of the sports-media nexus, with its opponents attesting to its contribution to the global disenfranchisement of local communities.
Adams Adrian and So Jaabe
- Published in print:
- 1996
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198201915
- eISBN:
- 9780191675072
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198201915.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, World Modern History
In 1968, the year Jaabe So went back to France, Senegal exported mainly groundnuts, and imported foodstuffs, consumer goods, fuel, and equipment, almost exclusively for urban use. Deriving almost ...
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In 1968, the year Jaabe So went back to France, Senegal exported mainly groundnuts, and imported foodstuffs, consumer goods, fuel, and equipment, almost exclusively for urban use. Deriving almost half its revenue from customs duties on imports, the government sought to maintain exports, rather than reduce imports. The Dakar International Fair was created to attract capital investment. Investment in tourism was welcomed. The U.S.-based corporation which set up BUD-Senegal, a large export-oriented market-gardening scheme, received major tax concessions; as did the French corporation which set up the Compagnie Sucrière Sénégalaise at Richard-Toll in the lower Senegal River Valley. After 1968, farmers left the delta in increasing numbers, and plans for bringing further surfaces under cultivation were suspended. The drought intensified, and ever greater numbers of men left to seek work in France, even though conditions for African workers in France were steadily worsening. In 1972, the River Valley suffered total crop failure.Less
In 1968, the year Jaabe So went back to France, Senegal exported mainly groundnuts, and imported foodstuffs, consumer goods, fuel, and equipment, almost exclusively for urban use. Deriving almost half its revenue from customs duties on imports, the government sought to maintain exports, rather than reduce imports. The Dakar International Fair was created to attract capital investment. Investment in tourism was welcomed. The U.S.-based corporation which set up BUD-Senegal, a large export-oriented market-gardening scheme, received major tax concessions; as did the French corporation which set up the Compagnie Sucrière Sénégalaise at Richard-Toll in the lower Senegal River Valley. After 1968, farmers left the delta in increasing numbers, and plans for bringing further surfaces under cultivation were suspended. The drought intensified, and ever greater numbers of men left to seek work in France, even though conditions for African workers in France were steadily worsening. In 1972, the River Valley suffered total crop failure.
John Kent
- Published in print:
- 1992
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198203025
- eISBN:
- 9780191675669
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198203025.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, World Modern History
In late 1942, Britain’s main problem was having to work with both the Free French and Vichy supporters in West Africa, as feelings ran high and supporters of the former could not accept that the ...
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In late 1942, Britain’s main problem was having to work with both the Free French and Vichy supporters in West Africa, as feelings ran high and supporters of the former could not accept that the British should now co-operate with Vichy’s one-time followers. Any form of co-operation with the authorities in Dakar was bitterly opposed by F. Éboué, who believed that only Charles de Gaulle’s moral authority could reunite France. If there were compromises with men the Free French regarded as traitors, the French people, in Eboue’s view, would realize the Allies had failed them; as a result they would turn to the Soviet Union and adopt Communism. Previous supporters of the Vichy authorities remained in West Africa because there was a lack of suitable Free French personnel. The Foreign Office was not surprised by this and regarded it as rather unfortunate. It was an added complication to the development of close Anglo-French relations.Less
In late 1942, Britain’s main problem was having to work with both the Free French and Vichy supporters in West Africa, as feelings ran high and supporters of the former could not accept that the British should now co-operate with Vichy’s one-time followers. Any form of co-operation with the authorities in Dakar was bitterly opposed by F. Éboué, who believed that only Charles de Gaulle’s moral authority could reunite France. If there were compromises with men the Free French regarded as traitors, the French people, in Eboue’s view, would realize the Allies had failed them; as a result they would turn to the Soviet Union and adopt Communism. Previous supporters of the Vichy authorities remained in West Africa because there was a lack of suitable Free French personnel. The Foreign Office was not surprised by this and regarded it as rather unfortunate. It was an added complication to the development of close Anglo-French relations.
Michael Stenton
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198208433
- eISBN:
- 9780191678004
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198208433.003.0014
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History, Political History
De Gaulle and the Free French troops were taken to Dakar to acquire French West Africa. But Dakar remained loyal to Pétain. The ships were fired on and driven away. Professor Louis Rougier, a Vichy ...
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De Gaulle and the Free French troops were taken to Dakar to acquire French West Africa. But Dakar remained loyal to Pétain. The ships were fired on and driven away. Professor Louis Rougier, a Vichy emissary of some sort, reached London to plead for a non-aggression pact with regard to the colonies. He may have tried to deceive both sides for their own good. The contest inside Vichy would marginalize de Gaulle. The strain of choosing between Pétain and de Gaulle produced in France a common and persistend pseudo-solution: the idea that de Gaulle was Pétain's London agent, and that what the two men said about each other was a disguise. It was Pétain who aroused the strongest expectations. The first episode of radio agitation had not been premeditated. The Germans used the term Gaullisten for people inclined to follow up on BBC suggestions.Less
De Gaulle and the Free French troops were taken to Dakar to acquire French West Africa. But Dakar remained loyal to Pétain. The ships were fired on and driven away. Professor Louis Rougier, a Vichy emissary of some sort, reached London to plead for a non-aggression pact with regard to the colonies. He may have tried to deceive both sides for their own good. The contest inside Vichy would marginalize de Gaulle. The strain of choosing between Pétain and de Gaulle produced in France a common and persistend pseudo-solution: the idea that de Gaulle was Pétain's London agent, and that what the two men said about each other was a disguise. It was Pétain who aroused the strongest expectations. The first episode of radio agitation had not been premeditated. The Germans used the term Gaullisten for people inclined to follow up on BBC suggestions.
Liora Bigon
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780719099359
- eISBN:
- 9781526109736
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719099359.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Imperialism and Colonialism
This book deals with the planning culture and architectural endeavours that shaped the model space of French colonial Dakar, a prominent city in West Africa. With a focus on the period from the ...
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This book deals with the planning culture and architectural endeavours that shaped the model space of French colonial Dakar, a prominent city in West Africa. With a focus on the period from the establishment of the city in the mid-nineteenth century until the interwar years, our involvement with the design of Dakar as a regional capital reveals a multiplicity of ‘top-down’ and ‘bottom-up’ dynamics. These include a variety of urban politics, policies, practices and agencies, and complex negotiations at both the physical and conceptual levels. The study of the extra-European planning history of Europe has been a burgeoning field in scholarly literature, especially in the last few decades. There is a clear tendency within this literature, however, to focus on the more privileged colonies in the contemporary colonial order of preference, such as British India and the French colonies in North Africa. Colonial urban space in sub-Saharan Africa has accordingly been addressed less. With a rich variety of historical material and visual evidence, the book incorporates both primary and secondary sources, collected from multilateral channels in Europe and Senegal. It includes an analysis of a variety of planning and architectural models, both metropolitan and indigenous. Of interest to scholars in history, geography, architecture, urban planning, African studies and Global South studies – this book is also one of the pioneers in attesting to the connection between the French colonial doctrines of assimilation and association and French colonial planning and architectural policies in sub-Saharan Africa.Less
This book deals with the planning culture and architectural endeavours that shaped the model space of French colonial Dakar, a prominent city in West Africa. With a focus on the period from the establishment of the city in the mid-nineteenth century until the interwar years, our involvement with the design of Dakar as a regional capital reveals a multiplicity of ‘top-down’ and ‘bottom-up’ dynamics. These include a variety of urban politics, policies, practices and agencies, and complex negotiations at both the physical and conceptual levels. The study of the extra-European planning history of Europe has been a burgeoning field in scholarly literature, especially in the last few decades. There is a clear tendency within this literature, however, to focus on the more privileged colonies in the contemporary colonial order of preference, such as British India and the French colonies in North Africa. Colonial urban space in sub-Saharan Africa has accordingly been addressed less. With a rich variety of historical material and visual evidence, the book incorporates both primary and secondary sources, collected from multilateral channels in Europe and Senegal. It includes an analysis of a variety of planning and architectural models, both metropolitan and indigenous. Of interest to scholars in history, geography, architecture, urban planning, African studies and Global South studies – this book is also one of the pioneers in attesting to the connection between the French colonial doctrines of assimilation and association and French colonial planning and architectural policies in sub-Saharan Africa.
Hudita Nura Mustafa
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520229488
- eISBN:
- 9780520927292
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520229488.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, World Modern History
This chapter examines the creation and distribution of popular photographic portraiture in Dakar. It shows how bodies and selves, once subjugated within a colonial imaginary, have been reclaimed and ...
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This chapter examines the creation and distribution of popular photographic portraiture in Dakar. It shows how bodies and selves, once subjugated within a colonial imaginary, have been reclaimed and reformed through postcolonial strategies of self-invention. It discusses the transformations of Dakar from cosmopolitan showpiece to site of socioeconomic collapse and argues that the practices of portraiture subverts the colonial male gaze with its own techniques and reframes the feminine body.Less
This chapter examines the creation and distribution of popular photographic portraiture in Dakar. It shows how bodies and selves, once subjugated within a colonial imaginary, have been reclaimed and reformed through postcolonial strategies of self-invention. It discusses the transformations of Dakar from cosmopolitan showpiece to site of socioeconomic collapse and argues that the practices of portraiture subverts the colonial male gaze with its own techniques and reframes the feminine body.
Catherine M. Appert
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- December 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780190913489
- eISBN:
- 9780190913526
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190913489.001.0001
- Subject:
- Music, Ethnomusicology, World Music, Popular
In Hip Hop Time goes beyond popular narratives of hip hop resistance to address Senegalese hip hop—Rap Galsen—as a musical movement deeply tied to indigenous performance practices and changing social ...
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In Hip Hop Time goes beyond popular narratives of hip hop resistance to address Senegalese hip hop—Rap Galsen—as a musical movement deeply tied to indigenous performance practices and changing social norms in a modernizing Africa. This is a story of globalization, of diasporic movement and memory, of an imagined African past and contemporary African realities, of urbanization and socioeconomic struggle, and of the relationship between popular music and social change. The book takes readers from Senegalese hip hop’s beginnings among cosmopolitan youth in Dakar’s affluent neighborhoods in the 1980s, to its spread throughout the city’s ghettoized working-class neighborhoods in the mid- to late-1990s, and up to the present day, where political activism and hip hop musicality vie for position in local and global arenas. It connects these classed and generational shifts to postcolonial political, social, and religious structures, as well as to globally circulating narratives of Afrocentricity and Blackness. It shows how, through social networks constructed through and around a shared system of aesthetic values called hip hop, Senegalese youth negotiate gender, class, and family in the context of underdevelopment. An ethnography of the inextricability of musical and social meaning in hip hop practice, In Hip Hop Time charts new intellectual territory in a growing, interdisciplinary body of scholarship on hip hop in Africa and around the world.Less
In Hip Hop Time goes beyond popular narratives of hip hop resistance to address Senegalese hip hop—Rap Galsen—as a musical movement deeply tied to indigenous performance practices and changing social norms in a modernizing Africa. This is a story of globalization, of diasporic movement and memory, of an imagined African past and contemporary African realities, of urbanization and socioeconomic struggle, and of the relationship between popular music and social change. The book takes readers from Senegalese hip hop’s beginnings among cosmopolitan youth in Dakar’s affluent neighborhoods in the 1980s, to its spread throughout the city’s ghettoized working-class neighborhoods in the mid- to late-1990s, and up to the present day, where political activism and hip hop musicality vie for position in local and global arenas. It connects these classed and generational shifts to postcolonial political, social, and religious structures, as well as to globally circulating narratives of Afrocentricity and Blackness. It shows how, through social networks constructed through and around a shared system of aesthetic values called hip hop, Senegalese youth negotiate gender, class, and family in the context of underdevelopment. An ethnography of the inextricability of musical and social meaning in hip hop practice, In Hip Hop Time charts new intellectual territory in a growing, interdisciplinary body of scholarship on hip hop in Africa and around the world.
Caroline Melly
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780226488875
- eISBN:
- 9780226489063
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226489063.003.0002
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, African Studies
Chapter 1 opens as youth clash with Senegalese gendarmes on the storied campus of Université Cheikh Anta Diop, their skirmish reportedly fueled by officers’ taunting reminders that the students’ ...
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Chapter 1 opens as youth clash with Senegalese gendarmes on the storied campus of Université Cheikh Anta Diop, their skirmish reportedly fueled by officers’ taunting reminders that the students’ credentials were of little value if not earned abroad. By situating this heated encounter—and the questions it raises about migration, citizenship, and governance in contemporary Dakar—within both urban space and historical context, this chapter argues that urbanites’ preoccupations with mobility and embouteillage are at once enduring and newly urgent. The remainder of the chapter touches down at key moments in Dakar’s colonial and postcolonial history to highlight how conceptions of citizenship became entangled through time with experiences of urban and global mobility, the built environment, and shifting forms of authority, thus setting the scene for the chapters that follow.Less
Chapter 1 opens as youth clash with Senegalese gendarmes on the storied campus of Université Cheikh Anta Diop, their skirmish reportedly fueled by officers’ taunting reminders that the students’ credentials were of little value if not earned abroad. By situating this heated encounter—and the questions it raises about migration, citizenship, and governance in contemporary Dakar—within both urban space and historical context, this chapter argues that urbanites’ preoccupations with mobility and embouteillage are at once enduring and newly urgent. The remainder of the chapter touches down at key moments in Dakar’s colonial and postcolonial history to highlight how conceptions of citizenship became entangled through time with experiences of urban and global mobility, the built environment, and shifting forms of authority, thus setting the scene for the chapters that follow.
Jonathan Fenderson
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- September 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780252042430
- eISBN:
- 9780252051272
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5622/illinois/9780252042430.003.0004
- Subject:
- Sociology, Social Movements and Social Change
This chapter recounts the international organizing efforts of Hoyt Fuller and the ways Black Arts activists understood their work as part of a larger Pan-African project. Spanning an explosive decade ...
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This chapter recounts the international organizing efforts of Hoyt Fuller and the ways Black Arts activists understood their work as part of a larger Pan-African project. Spanning an explosive decade of decolonization on the African continent, this chapter uses Fuller’s experiences across three seminal African festivals to explore the ways US-based Black Arts movement discourses engaged with discussions of art and struggle on the African continent. The chapter recovers the varied roles Fuller played in organizing and participating in the First World Festival of Negro Arts, in Dakar, Senegal in 1966; the First Pan-African Cultural Festival, in Algiers, Algeria, in 1969; and the Second World Festival of Black and African Art, in Lagos, Nigeria, in 1977. It argues that Fuller’s festival experiences map the ruptures, strains, collective aspirations, and points of unity that constituted the asymmetries of Pan-African power in the late 1960s and 1970s.Less
This chapter recounts the international organizing efforts of Hoyt Fuller and the ways Black Arts activists understood their work as part of a larger Pan-African project. Spanning an explosive decade of decolonization on the African continent, this chapter uses Fuller’s experiences across three seminal African festivals to explore the ways US-based Black Arts movement discourses engaged with discussions of art and struggle on the African continent. The chapter recovers the varied roles Fuller played in organizing and participating in the First World Festival of Negro Arts, in Dakar, Senegal in 1966; the First Pan-African Cultural Festival, in Algiers, Algeria, in 1969; and the Second World Festival of Black and African Art, in Lagos, Nigeria, in 1977. It argues that Fuller’s festival experiences map the ruptures, strains, collective aspirations, and points of unity that constituted the asymmetries of Pan-African power in the late 1960s and 1970s.
Liora Bigon
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780719099359
- eISBN:
- 9781526109736
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719099359.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, Imperialism and Colonialism
This chapter seeks to illuminate the embryonic local and the regional contexts in the creation of Dakar in the second half of the nineteenth century. This is against the metropolitan, colonial and ...
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This chapter seeks to illuminate the embryonic local and the regional contexts in the creation of Dakar in the second half of the nineteenth century. This is against the metropolitan, colonial and indigenous backgrounds in matters of planning and architectural cultures. It goes beyond the discourse on colonial spatiality as an instrument for virtually complete domination, surveillance and control, and elaborates on the inherent ironies in the colonial planning projects. This is in terms of the grandiose urban visions as against the contemporary urban ‘deathly sleep’; the torpedoing of colonial urban endeavours by infectious diseases; and the awkwardly-realised urban installations in neighbouring communes such as Saint-Louis and Bamako. Vernacular traditions of settlement organisation and built form are also provided side by side with colonial ones and occasionally compared.Less
This chapter seeks to illuminate the embryonic local and the regional contexts in the creation of Dakar in the second half of the nineteenth century. This is against the metropolitan, colonial and indigenous backgrounds in matters of planning and architectural cultures. It goes beyond the discourse on colonial spatiality as an instrument for virtually complete domination, surveillance and control, and elaborates on the inherent ironies in the colonial planning projects. This is in terms of the grandiose urban visions as against the contemporary urban ‘deathly sleep’; the torpedoing of colonial urban endeavours by infectious diseases; and the awkwardly-realised urban installations in neighbouring communes such as Saint-Louis and Bamako. Vernacular traditions of settlement organisation and built form are also provided side by side with colonial ones and occasionally compared.
Liora Bigon
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780719099359
- eISBN:
- 9781526109736
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719099359.003.0003
- Subject:
- History, Imperialism and Colonialism
This chapter illustrates both the site-relatedness of residential segregation in Dakar by the beginning of the twentieth century, and comparatively its inter-colonial, transnational facets. The ...
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This chapter illustrates both the site-relatedness of residential segregation in Dakar by the beginning of the twentieth century, and comparatively its inter-colonial, transnational facets. The chapter also examines the symbolic and actual relationship between toponymic issues and sanitary considerations in Dakar’s urban planning, together with the process of dissemination of medical and planning ideas amongst the European colonising nations in Africa. The last issue is especially important in giving a more nuanced understanding how planning ideas and practices, such as residential segregation, were globally distributed. This is not only through the export of these ideas via bilateral channels (i.e., from the French métropole into the African brousse), but rather through a mediation upon multilateral and complex frontiers across nations, colonies and linguistic borders.Less
This chapter illustrates both the site-relatedness of residential segregation in Dakar by the beginning of the twentieth century, and comparatively its inter-colonial, transnational facets. The chapter also examines the symbolic and actual relationship between toponymic issues and sanitary considerations in Dakar’s urban planning, together with the process of dissemination of medical and planning ideas amongst the European colonising nations in Africa. The last issue is especially important in giving a more nuanced understanding how planning ideas and practices, such as residential segregation, were globally distributed. This is not only through the export of these ideas via bilateral channels (i.e., from the French métropole into the African brousse), but rather through a mediation upon multilateral and complex frontiers across nations, colonies and linguistic borders.
Liora Bigon
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780719099359
- eISBN:
- 9781526109736
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719099359.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, Imperialism and Colonialism
This chapter concludes the main ideas highlighted in the book. It also briefly discusses urban development and other socio-physical issues outside the area and period in question. That is, it gives a ...
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This chapter concludes the main ideas highlighted in the book. It also briefly discusses urban development and other socio-physical issues outside the area and period in question. That is, it gives a glimpse and invites more in-depth study of the post-Second World War and independence eras, and of Dakar’s suburban expansion.Less
This chapter concludes the main ideas highlighted in the book. It also briefly discusses urban development and other socio-physical issues outside the area and period in question. That is, it gives a glimpse and invites more in-depth study of the post-Second World War and independence eras, and of Dakar’s suburban expansion.
Elizabeth A. Foster
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780804783804
- eISBN:
- 9780804786225
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Stanford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.11126/stanford/9780804783804.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, Imperialism and Colonialism
Chapter 5 examines the conception, construction, and consecration of Dakar’s cathedral of the Souvenir Africain between 1910 and 1936. Catholic missionaries billed the project as a patriotic monument ...
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Chapter 5 examines the conception, construction, and consecration of Dakar’s cathedral of the Souvenir Africain between 1910 and 1936. Catholic missionaries billed the project as a patriotic monument to the French who had died colonizing Africa and, after the First World War, to the French and African troopsLess
Chapter 5 examines the conception, construction, and consecration of Dakar’s cathedral of the Souvenir Africain between 1910 and 1936. Catholic missionaries billed the project as a patriotic monument to the French who had died colonizing Africa and, after the First World War, to the French and African troops
Erin Augis
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- November 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780231162630
- eISBN:
- 9780231530897
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231162630.003.0004
- Subject:
- Political Science, Democratization
This chapter describes the emergence of the Sunnite movement, which was developed as a counter to globalization, rapid privatization, and economic liberation comprised of flows of goods along with ...
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This chapter describes the emergence of the Sunnite movement, which was developed as a counter to globalization, rapid privatization, and economic liberation comprised of flows of goods along with media and capital from different nations. This movement, led by educated young women from the capital city of Dakar, uses their male leadership's critiques of secularism to carve out an Islamist femininity that not only transforms them spiritually but buffers their entry into Dakar's rapidly liberalizing labor force. The chapter analyzes the demography and philosophies of Senegal's Sunnites, and then address how new neoliberal and transnational forces in the country set the stage for a discourse on political and moral activism. It argues that while Sunnite women are unlikely to shun modernity, they will attempt to embrace it on their own terms, even if this means creating new subjectivities with commodities ushered in by some of the very capitalist forces they defy.Less
This chapter describes the emergence of the Sunnite movement, which was developed as a counter to globalization, rapid privatization, and economic liberation comprised of flows of goods along with media and capital from different nations. This movement, led by educated young women from the capital city of Dakar, uses their male leadership's critiques of secularism to carve out an Islamist femininity that not only transforms them spiritually but buffers their entry into Dakar's rapidly liberalizing labor force. The chapter analyzes the demography and philosophies of Senegal's Sunnites, and then address how new neoliberal and transnational forces in the country set the stage for a discourse on political and moral activism. It argues that while Sunnite women are unlikely to shun modernity, they will attempt to embrace it on their own terms, even if this means creating new subjectivities with commodities ushered in by some of the very capitalist forces they defy.
Liora Bigon
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- January 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780719090554
- eISBN:
- 9781781707913
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719090554.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, Imperialism and Colonialism
This chapter focuses on garden city expressions in French Dakar – a chief colonising pole in West Africa and a federal capital (1902-1960), which served as a model space. It expands on differences ...
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This chapter focuses on garden city expressions in French Dakar – a chief colonising pole in West Africa and a federal capital (1902-1960), which served as a model space. It expands on differences and similarities in the conception and realisation of garden city schemes from late nineteenth-century Britain to early twentieth-century France in terms of cité-jardin. This is in order to examine the meaning of the transnational process of the dissemination of planning ideas into the colonial situation and environment. This chapter shows that in interwar Dakar (Senegal), the practical and terminological usages of the cité-jardin served mainly to create a prestigious image for the designated residential quarters of administrative employees. As a result, unofficial class segregation within the expatriate society was created as was unofficial racial segregation between the coloniser and the colonised populations.Less
This chapter focuses on garden city expressions in French Dakar – a chief colonising pole in West Africa and a federal capital (1902-1960), which served as a model space. It expands on differences and similarities in the conception and realisation of garden city schemes from late nineteenth-century Britain to early twentieth-century France in terms of cité-jardin. This is in order to examine the meaning of the transnational process of the dissemination of planning ideas into the colonial situation and environment. This chapter shows that in interwar Dakar (Senegal), the practical and terminological usages of the cité-jardin served mainly to create a prestigious image for the designated residential quarters of administrative employees. As a result, unofficial class segregation within the expatriate society was created as was unofficial racial segregation between the coloniser and the colonised populations.
Garth Myers
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- January 2021
- ISBN:
- 9781529204452
- eISBN:
- 9781529204490
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781529204452.003.0003
- Subject:
- Sociology, Social Stratification, Inequality, and Mobility
The second chapter centers on patterns, specifically the geographic land-use and housing patterns common to rapid urbanization that overtakes the surrounding countryside. The chapter uses the Chinese ...
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The second chapter centers on patterns, specifically the geographic land-use and housing patterns common to rapid urbanization that overtakes the surrounding countryside. The chapter uses the Chinese concept of chengzhongcun, or urbanized village, along with the related concepts of chengbiancun and chengwaicun, villages on the city-edge and in the suburbs, and Chinese scholarship analyzing what happens to them in the PRD. The chapter applies these ideas to other similarly rapid urban transformations in Dakar and Zanzibar, with references to the comparability in other cities of the book. The purpose is to work toward conceptualizing from outside global North frameworks when looking at land-use patterns in urbanization. If one seeks to understand the patterns of 21st century planetary urbanization, one ought to look at the places where those patterns are most rapidly transforming the landscape and find the language there that is used to describe and analyze them. This chapter is a small experiment in doing so.Less
The second chapter centers on patterns, specifically the geographic land-use and housing patterns common to rapid urbanization that overtakes the surrounding countryside. The chapter uses the Chinese concept of chengzhongcun, or urbanized village, along with the related concepts of chengbiancun and chengwaicun, villages on the city-edge and in the suburbs, and Chinese scholarship analyzing what happens to them in the PRD. The chapter applies these ideas to other similarly rapid urban transformations in Dakar and Zanzibar, with references to the comparability in other cities of the book. The purpose is to work toward conceptualizing from outside global North frameworks when looking at land-use patterns in urbanization. If one seeks to understand the patterns of 21st century planetary urbanization, one ought to look at the places where those patterns are most rapidly transforming the landscape and find the language there that is used to describe and analyze them. This chapter is a small experiment in doing so.
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- June 2013
- ISBN:
- 9781846316906
- eISBN:
- 9781846317040
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/UPO9781846317040.002
- Subject:
- Literature, World Literature
This chapter discusses Abasse Ndione' use of the rhetorical system and the tropes of the genre that Himes helped establish with the Série noire. These provide the tools for representing his homeland, ...
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This chapter discusses Abasse Ndione' use of the rhetorical system and the tropes of the genre that Himes helped establish with the Série noire. These provide the tools for representing his homeland, Senegal, as a distinct place located historically and spatially. Ndione's La Vie en spirale describes how Senegal's capital city Dakar and its environs are connected through flows of capital and goods, networks both legal and illegal, to a criminally constituted global modernity. Perhaps more importantly, Ndione's Dakar is a city of sexual desires, drug and alcohol consumption and the accumulation of commodities such as clothes, housing and cars, that no previous Senegalese author had seriously dared to represent.Less
This chapter discusses Abasse Ndione' use of the rhetorical system and the tropes of the genre that Himes helped establish with the Série noire. These provide the tools for representing his homeland, Senegal, as a distinct place located historically and spatially. Ndione's La Vie en spirale describes how Senegal's capital city Dakar and its environs are connected through flows of capital and goods, networks both legal and illegal, to a criminally constituted global modernity. Perhaps more importantly, Ndione's Dakar is a city of sexual desires, drug and alcohol consumption and the accumulation of commodities such as clothes, housing and cars, that no previous Senegalese author had seriously dared to represent.
Joanna Dee Das
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- April 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780190264871
- eISBN:
- 9780190264901
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190264871.003.0008
- Subject:
- Music, Dance, History, American
“Living Diaspora in Haiti and Senegal” analyzes Dunham’s years spent living in those two nations as an investigation into fashioning a diasporic life. In 1949, Dunham purchased Habitation Leclerc, an ...
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“Living Diaspora in Haiti and Senegal” analyzes Dunham’s years spent living in those two nations as an investigation into fashioning a diasporic life. In 1949, Dunham purchased Habitation Leclerc, an estate on the outskirts of Haiti’s capital, Port-au-Prince. She made plans to start a school, library, museum, and research institute on her property, but none of these came to fruition. Instead Leclerc became a resort hotel, causing dissatisfaction with some local residents. She continued to advocate for Haiti even when living in the United States, going on a hunger strike at age eighty-two to protest against the treatment of Haitian refugees. Dunham also lived in Senegal from 1965 to 1967, where she caused friction in her roles as a Special Ambassador to the Dakar Festival and consultant to the National Ballet. The chapter raises the question of what it means to live in and act in solidarity with another country.Less
“Living Diaspora in Haiti and Senegal” analyzes Dunham’s years spent living in those two nations as an investigation into fashioning a diasporic life. In 1949, Dunham purchased Habitation Leclerc, an estate on the outskirts of Haiti’s capital, Port-au-Prince. She made plans to start a school, library, museum, and research institute on her property, but none of these came to fruition. Instead Leclerc became a resort hotel, causing dissatisfaction with some local residents. She continued to advocate for Haiti even when living in the United States, going on a hunger strike at age eighty-two to protest against the treatment of Haitian refugees. Dunham also lived in Senegal from 1965 to 1967, where she caused friction in her roles as a Special Ambassador to the Dakar Festival and consultant to the National Ballet. The chapter raises the question of what it means to live in and act in solidarity with another country.
Catherine M. Appert
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- December 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780190913489
- eISBN:
- 9780190913526
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190913489.003.0002
- Subject:
- Music, Ethnomusicology, World Music, Popular
This chapter outlines the early history of Rap Galsen (Senegalese hip hop), showing the emergence of two originating schools: internationally circulating groups like Positive Black Soul (PBS), Daara ...
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This chapter outlines the early history of Rap Galsen (Senegalese hip hop), showing the emergence of two originating schools: internationally circulating groups like Positive Black Soul (PBS), Daara J, and Pee Froiss, and hardcore groups like Rap’Adio, Waa BMG 44, and Yatfu. It problematizes the ghetto, the street, and the underground as globally circulating hip hop myths, and argues for local specificity when linking hip hop to urban marginalization. In Dakar, the street and the ghetto represent a particular experience of urbanity tied up in colonization and underdevelopment, and the hip hop underground defines itself not only through lyrical and linguistic content, but through musical aesthetics. Ultimately, this chapter highlights the extent to which Rap Galsen’s own origin story has been produced and finessed over decades to better align with globally circulating hip hop myths.Less
This chapter outlines the early history of Rap Galsen (Senegalese hip hop), showing the emergence of two originating schools: internationally circulating groups like Positive Black Soul (PBS), Daara J, and Pee Froiss, and hardcore groups like Rap’Adio, Waa BMG 44, and Yatfu. It problematizes the ghetto, the street, and the underground as globally circulating hip hop myths, and argues for local specificity when linking hip hop to urban marginalization. In Dakar, the street and the ghetto represent a particular experience of urbanity tied up in colonization and underdevelopment, and the hip hop underground defines itself not only through lyrical and linguistic content, but through musical aesthetics. Ultimately, this chapter highlights the extent to which Rap Galsen’s own origin story has been produced and finessed over decades to better align with globally circulating hip hop myths.
Aro Velmet
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- January 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780190072827
- eISBN:
- 9780190072858
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190072827.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, History of Science, Technology, and Medicine
This chapter analyzes how the 1928 yellow fever epidemic caused a major political upset in colonial Dakar, reoriented West African public health policies, and empowered the Pasteur Institute in the ...
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This chapter analyzes how the 1928 yellow fever epidemic caused a major political upset in colonial Dakar, reoriented West African public health policies, and empowered the Pasteur Institute in the region. With the plague outbreaks of 1914, public health responses became politically controversial, as they became used by African leaders such as Blaise Diagne. The disease ecology of yellow fever, however, which affected primarily Europeans rather than natives of West Africa, empowered Diagne to call out racist French policies and threatened the stability of French rule. The Pasteur Institute’s proposal to develop a vaccine was widely seen as an opportunity to calm the political situation.Less
This chapter analyzes how the 1928 yellow fever epidemic caused a major political upset in colonial Dakar, reoriented West African public health policies, and empowered the Pasteur Institute in the region. With the plague outbreaks of 1914, public health responses became politically controversial, as they became used by African leaders such as Blaise Diagne. The disease ecology of yellow fever, however, which affected primarily Europeans rather than natives of West Africa, empowered Diagne to call out racist French policies and threatened the stability of French rule. The Pasteur Institute’s proposal to develop a vaccine was widely seen as an opportunity to calm the political situation.