Muhamad Ali
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781474409209
- eISBN:
- 9781474418799
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781474409209.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Islam
This book explores the ways in which Islam and European colonialism shaped modernity in the Indo-Malay world. Focusing on Indonesia and Malaysia, it looks at how European colonial and Islamic ...
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This book explores the ways in which Islam and European colonialism shaped modernity in the Indo-Malay world. Focusing on Indonesia and Malaysia, it looks at how European colonial and Islamic modernising powers operated in the common and parallel domains of organization, government and politics, law and education in the first half of the twentieth century. Through its critical approach to the interplay of Islamic religious rfrom and dynamics of both British and Dutch colonialisms, this work of comparative history illuminates perspective on the rather different shapes that Islam and Muslim societies have taken in the neighboring nation-states of modern Malaysia and Indonesia. It shows that colonialisation was able to co-exist with Islamisation, arguing that Islamic movements were not necessarily antithetical to modernisation, nor that Western modernity was always anathema to Islamic and local custom. Rather, in distinguishing religious from worldly affairs, they were able to adopt and adapt modern ideas and practices that were useful or relevant while maintaining the Islamic faith and ritual that they believed to be essential. Moving beyond binaries such as Orientalist versus Islamic and modernity versus Islam, it offers historical evidence and theoretical engagement with Islamic religious reform and European colonial modernisation in particular, and with religion, modernity, and tradition in general. In developing an understanding of the common ways in which Islam was defined and treated in Indonesia and Malaysia, we can gain a new insight to Muslim politics and culture in Southeast Asia.Less
This book explores the ways in which Islam and European colonialism shaped modernity in the Indo-Malay world. Focusing on Indonesia and Malaysia, it looks at how European colonial and Islamic modernising powers operated in the common and parallel domains of organization, government and politics, law and education in the first half of the twentieth century. Through its critical approach to the interplay of Islamic religious rfrom and dynamics of both British and Dutch colonialisms, this work of comparative history illuminates perspective on the rather different shapes that Islam and Muslim societies have taken in the neighboring nation-states of modern Malaysia and Indonesia. It shows that colonialisation was able to co-exist with Islamisation, arguing that Islamic movements were not necessarily antithetical to modernisation, nor that Western modernity was always anathema to Islamic and local custom. Rather, in distinguishing religious from worldly affairs, they were able to adopt and adapt modern ideas and practices that were useful or relevant while maintaining the Islamic faith and ritual that they believed to be essential. Moving beyond binaries such as Orientalist versus Islamic and modernity versus Islam, it offers historical evidence and theoretical engagement with Islamic religious reform and European colonial modernisation in particular, and with religion, modernity, and tradition in general. In developing an understanding of the common ways in which Islam was defined and treated in Indonesia and Malaysia, we can gain a new insight to Muslim politics and culture in Southeast Asia.
William M Gordon
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748625161
- eISBN:
- 9780748671571
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748625161.003.0015
- Subject:
- Law, Legal History
This article traces the course of the attempts of Sophia Jex-Blake and other women to be allowed to attend classes in medicine in Edinburgh University and graduate, with a view to registration under ...
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This article traces the course of the attempts of Sophia Jex-Blake and other women to be allowed to attend classes in medicine in Edinburgh University and graduate, with a view to registration under the Medical Act of 1858. The action brought against the University, Jex-Blake v Senatus Academicus of the University of Edinburgh, which was laid before the Whole Court, failed but only by seven votes to five. Even among the minority, however, there was not unqualified support for the women's case. Ultimately it was necessary to rely on Parliament to grant the necessary powers to Scottish universities under the Universities (Scotland) Act 1889. The reported arguments in the case are usefully supplemented by the relevant Session Papers which offer a valuable source for legal history.Less
This article traces the course of the attempts of Sophia Jex-Blake and other women to be allowed to attend classes in medicine in Edinburgh University and graduate, with a view to registration under the Medical Act of 1858. The action brought against the University, Jex-Blake v Senatus Academicus of the University of Edinburgh, which was laid before the Whole Court, failed but only by seven votes to five. Even among the minority, however, there was not unqualified support for the women's case. Ultimately it was necessary to rely on Parliament to grant the necessary powers to Scottish universities under the Universities (Scotland) Act 1889. The reported arguments in the case are usefully supplemented by the relevant Session Papers which offer a valuable source for legal history.
Mushirul Hasan
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- October 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780198063117
- eISBN:
- 9780199080199
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198063117.003.0068
- Subject:
- History, Indian History
On the morning of 14 May, at seven o'clock, the author and his companions landed near the Custom House, whence their baggage passed without the difficulty and loss of time customary in India. They ...
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On the morning of 14 May, at seven o'clock, the author and his companions landed near the Custom House, whence their baggage passed without the difficulty and loss of time customary in India. They put up in a very nice inn, called the Union Hotel, which commanded a view of both the sea and the town. Their party, it appeared, was looked upon by the curious natives as one of the seven wonders of the world. In this final chapter, the author talks about his arrival at Southampton, London, a certain Mr Latham and Mr Pulsford, the sights of London, the opera, and his return to India.Less
On the morning of 14 May, at seven o'clock, the author and his companions landed near the Custom House, whence their baggage passed without the difficulty and loss of time customary in India. They put up in a very nice inn, called the Union Hotel, which commanded a view of both the sea and the town. Their party, it appeared, was looked upon by the curious natives as one of the seven wonders of the world. In this final chapter, the author talks about his arrival at Southampton, London, a certain Mr Latham and Mr Pulsford, the sights of London, the opera, and his return to India.
Edward William Lane and Jason Thompson
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2015
- ISBN:
- 9789774165603
- eISBN:
- 9781617975516
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- American University in Cairo Press
- DOI:
- 10.5743/cairo/9789774165603.003.0008
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Middle Eastern Studies
This chapter about social interaction and manners starts by pointing to the separation of the sexes but the intermingling of different classes for both men and women. It then turns to specific modes ...
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This chapter about social interaction and manners starts by pointing to the separation of the sexes but the intermingling of different classes for both men and women. It then turns to specific modes of expression and language—different forms of address, salutation, and greeting—and how and when they are used and by whom. This covers questions of class, religion, politeness, and custom.Less
This chapter about social interaction and manners starts by pointing to the separation of the sexes but the intermingling of different classes for both men and women. It then turns to specific modes of expression and language—different forms of address, salutation, and greeting—and how and when they are used and by whom. This covers questions of class, religion, politeness, and custom.
Sharon Kim
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780813062815
- eISBN:
- 9780813051772
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813062815.003.0010
- Subject:
- Literature, 20th-century Literature and Modernism
During a sunset in Italy, Ralph Marvell’s aesthetic pleasure in the landscape crosses into a visionary experience, one distinguished by the unusual perceptual means by which he sees it. His vision ...
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During a sunset in Italy, Ralph Marvell’s aesthetic pleasure in the landscape crosses into a visionary experience, one distinguished by the unusual perceptual means by which he sees it. His vision resembles the “saturated phenomenon” theorized by Jean-Luc Marion, in which the presence of being becomes so concentrated in a physical manifestation that it results in a bedazzlement of vision. Because such perception does not operate in Cartesian or Subject-centered terms, it does not reduce or objectify what is seen. The saturated gaze thus presents a rare alternative to the predatory modes of vision seen in The Custom of the Country (1913) and criticized in contemporary theory. It also forms the basis of an equally rare form of cosmopolitanism, one that is not a disguised version of narcissism, provincialism, or imperialism. Ralph’s vision, however, is short-lived, disintegrating in the destructive ways of seeing that empower his wife Undine.Less
During a sunset in Italy, Ralph Marvell’s aesthetic pleasure in the landscape crosses into a visionary experience, one distinguished by the unusual perceptual means by which he sees it. His vision resembles the “saturated phenomenon” theorized by Jean-Luc Marion, in which the presence of being becomes so concentrated in a physical manifestation that it results in a bedazzlement of vision. Because such perception does not operate in Cartesian or Subject-centered terms, it does not reduce or objectify what is seen. The saturated gaze thus presents a rare alternative to the predatory modes of vision seen in The Custom of the Country (1913) and criticized in contemporary theory. It also forms the basis of an equally rare form of cosmopolitanism, one that is not a disguised version of narcissism, provincialism, or imperialism. Ralph’s vision, however, is short-lived, disintegrating in the destructive ways of seeing that empower his wife Undine.
Mbongiseni Buthelezi and Dineo Skosana
John L. Comaroff and Jean Comaroff (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780226510767
- eISBN:
- 9780226511092
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226511092.003.0004
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, African Studies
In chapter four, Buthelezi and Skosana suggest that neoliberalization has masked critical continuities in the manner in which African states have dealt with chiefship and customary law, giving ...
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In chapter four, Buthelezi and Skosana suggest that neoliberalization has masked critical continuities in the manner in which African states have dealt with chiefship and customary law, giving indigenous rulers authority over land to a degree that, if anything, exceeds the colonial past. Focusing on South Africa, and in particular the recent Nhlapo Commission of inquiry into traditional leadership, the authors explore the ways in which the government of the post-apartheid state has struggled to accommodate the politics of tradition in a liberal democratic social order, efforts that have lacked a clear vision, and had the unwitting effect of replicating aspects the apartheid past – and of violating some of the key provisions of the constitution for those (predominantly rural) citizens of the country ruled by the Kingdom of Custom.Less
In chapter four, Buthelezi and Skosana suggest that neoliberalization has masked critical continuities in the manner in which African states have dealt with chiefship and customary law, giving indigenous rulers authority over land to a degree that, if anything, exceeds the colonial past. Focusing on South Africa, and in particular the recent Nhlapo Commission of inquiry into traditional leadership, the authors explore the ways in which the government of the post-apartheid state has struggled to accommodate the politics of tradition in a liberal democratic social order, efforts that have lacked a clear vision, and had the unwitting effect of replicating aspects the apartheid past – and of violating some of the key provisions of the constitution for those (predominantly rural) citizens of the country ruled by the Kingdom of Custom.
Elizabeth A. Foster
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780804783804
- eISBN:
- 9780804786225
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Stanford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.11126/stanford/9780804783804.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, Imperialism and Colonialism
Providing a contrast to the image of harmony developed around the cathedral’s consecration, Chapter 6 returns to rural Senegal to assess the administration’s religious policies in the wake of the ...
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Providing a contrast to the image of harmony developed around the cathedral’s consecration, Chapter 6 returns to rural Senegal to assess the administration’s religious policies in the wake of the First World War. It commences with a history of the legal status of African Christian converts in Senegal, a key theme in the long-standing civilizing debate between missionaries and administrators, before examining how the issue becameLess
Providing a contrast to the image of harmony developed around the cathedral’s consecration, Chapter 6 returns to rural Senegal to assess the administration’s religious policies in the wake of the First World War. It commences with a history of the legal status of African Christian converts in Senegal, a key theme in the long-standing civilizing debate between missionaries and administrators, before examining how the issue became
Sunil M. Agnani
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780823251803
- eISBN:
- 9780823253050
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823251803.003.0004
- Subject:
- Literature, World Literature
Chapter 3 considers links between Burke's writings and anticolonial thought (and Raynal), arguing that Burke's writings on India and France are related and even deeply intertwined concerns, rather ...
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Chapter 3 considers links between Burke's writings and anticolonial thought (and Raynal), arguing that Burke's writings on India and France are related and even deeply intertwined concerns, rather than merely chronologically contemporary. Burke's underlying disquiet had to do with the question of societies undergoing a complete transformation and whether this was an upheaval to be desired or dreaded. It argues that in both the Indian and the French cases, Burke's response was one of fear: fear of the emergence of class mobility, unfettered by the regulating social customs of Europe and enabled by the space of the colonies. Burke views France and India as having suffered from a “conquest”: he views the Jacobins as treating France as a country of conquest virtually indistinguishable from a colonial occupation. Conceptually, there is a surprising link between Burke's critique of French Enlightenment thought, expressed in such terms as “arithmetic reason” (used disparagingly), and his image of the colony. Modernity involves estrangement, and relates to Burke's argument against defining the notion of the citizen in the abstract. Burke argues against an emerging colonial modernity in India being created by the East India Company and the estranged, placeless modernity the Jacobins were establishing in France.Less
Chapter 3 considers links between Burke's writings and anticolonial thought (and Raynal), arguing that Burke's writings on India and France are related and even deeply intertwined concerns, rather than merely chronologically contemporary. Burke's underlying disquiet had to do with the question of societies undergoing a complete transformation and whether this was an upheaval to be desired or dreaded. It argues that in both the Indian and the French cases, Burke's response was one of fear: fear of the emergence of class mobility, unfettered by the regulating social customs of Europe and enabled by the space of the colonies. Burke views France and India as having suffered from a “conquest”: he views the Jacobins as treating France as a country of conquest virtually indistinguishable from a colonial occupation. Conceptually, there is a surprising link between Burke's critique of French Enlightenment thought, expressed in such terms as “arithmetic reason” (used disparagingly), and his image of the colony. Modernity involves estrangement, and relates to Burke's argument against defining the notion of the citizen in the abstract. Burke argues against an emerging colonial modernity in India being created by the East India Company and the estranged, placeless modernity the Jacobins were establishing in France.
James Bernard Murphy
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- April 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199370627
- eISBN:
- 9780199370641
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199370627.003.0001
- Subject:
- Law, Philosophy of Law
Custom cannot be understood unless it is analyzed into two more logically basic concepts: habit and convention. Aristotle uses two Greek terms for custom: ethos (habit) and nomos (convention or law). ...
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Custom cannot be understood unless it is analyzed into two more logically basic concepts: habit and convention. Aristotle uses two Greek terms for custom: ethos (habit) and nomos (convention or law). I show how Aristotle uses ethos to capture the habitual dimension of custom and nomos to capture the conventional dimension.Less
Custom cannot be understood unless it is analyzed into two more logically basic concepts: habit and convention. Aristotle uses two Greek terms for custom: ethos (habit) and nomos (convention or law). I show how Aristotle uses ethos to capture the habitual dimension of custom and nomos to capture the conventional dimension.
Peter Riley
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- July 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780198836254
- eISBN:
- 9780191878237
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198836254.003.0003
- Subject:
- Literature, American, 19th Century Literature, Poetry
Reading the “Sub-Sub librarian” and “consumptive usher” in Moby-Dick as experiments in “virtual biography,” this chapter initially examines how the author-narrator uses these contingent figures to ...
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Reading the “Sub-Sub librarian” and “consumptive usher” in Moby-Dick as experiments in “virtual biography,” this chapter initially examines how the author-narrator uses these contingent figures to explore the various possibilities that may have otherwise defined his working life. “The Grand Armada” is read as the dramatization of existential retreat from industrial violence towards the security of a “lyric center”. Skepticism towards vocational thinking can be seen in the juxtaposed reactions of Ishmael and Ahab in relation to this lyric security. The chapter then shifts focus to consider Melville’s decision to become an epic poet while holding down a 6-day-a-week job as a deputy customs inspector on the New York docks. While this later phase of Melville’s career has been typically characterized as one of retreat and creative decline, it is argued that Clarel’s form embodies a sustained engagement with the contingencies of his new working context rather than an attempt to escape them.Less
Reading the “Sub-Sub librarian” and “consumptive usher” in Moby-Dick as experiments in “virtual biography,” this chapter initially examines how the author-narrator uses these contingent figures to explore the various possibilities that may have otherwise defined his working life. “The Grand Armada” is read as the dramatization of existential retreat from industrial violence towards the security of a “lyric center”. Skepticism towards vocational thinking can be seen in the juxtaposed reactions of Ishmael and Ahab in relation to this lyric security. The chapter then shifts focus to consider Melville’s decision to become an epic poet while holding down a 6-day-a-week job as a deputy customs inspector on the New York docks. While this later phase of Melville’s career has been typically characterized as one of retreat and creative decline, it is argued that Clarel’s form embodies a sustained engagement with the contingencies of his new working context rather than an attempt to escape them.
Peter Riley
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- July 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780198836254
- eISBN:
- 9780191878237
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198836254.003.0004
- Subject:
- Literature, American, 19th Century Literature, Poetry
This chapter reassesses biographical and critical accounts of Melville’s exit from the workforce in 1885, examining the vocational vacillations that produced Billy Budd. Melville’s final writings did ...
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This chapter reassesses biographical and critical accounts of Melville’s exit from the workforce in 1885, examining the vocational vacillations that produced Billy Budd. Melville’s final writings did not signal a release from the quotidian world of work into one last affirmative creative garret, but another opportunity to practice his ongoing commitment to “becoming-other”: “Billy in the Darbies” consciously sets up and then undermines the Romantic trope of an isolated solitary singer, finally “set free.” “Late Melville” approached literary composition and revision as an extension of other forms of work and his diverse writings consistently display a preoccupation with challenging preconceptions concerning the writer’s calling. Though seen as the archetype of frustrated vocation in American Letters, Melville remained intensely self-conscious and skeptical of vocational thinking throughout his career.Less
This chapter reassesses biographical and critical accounts of Melville’s exit from the workforce in 1885, examining the vocational vacillations that produced Billy Budd. Melville’s final writings did not signal a release from the quotidian world of work into one last affirmative creative garret, but another opportunity to practice his ongoing commitment to “becoming-other”: “Billy in the Darbies” consciously sets up and then undermines the Romantic trope of an isolated solitary singer, finally “set free.” “Late Melville” approached literary composition and revision as an extension of other forms of work and his diverse writings consistently display a preoccupation with challenging preconceptions concerning the writer’s calling. Though seen as the archetype of frustrated vocation in American Letters, Melville remained intensely self-conscious and skeptical of vocational thinking throughout his career.
