John McWhorter
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195309805
- eISBN:
- 9780199788378
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195309805.003.0010
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Theoretical Linguistics
This chapter reiterates the qualitative differences in overall structural complexity between the five languages considered in the book and their sister languages, and states that these differences ...
More
This chapter reiterates the qualitative differences in overall structural complexity between the five languages considered in the book and their sister languages, and states that these differences were caused by incomplete acquisition of a moderate degree in contact situations. However, a problem remains: that there is no clear place for the phenomenon identified in conventional models of language contact. Instead, the reduction in question — where perceived at all — has tended to elicit surmises that the languages are, or were once, pidgins or creoles. But these claims fail to compel, because neither synchrony, diachrony, nor sociohistorical data support classing these languages with Saramaccan, Haitian Creole, Papiamentu, and Tok Pisin.Less
This chapter reiterates the qualitative differences in overall structural complexity between the five languages considered in the book and their sister languages, and states that these differences were caused by incomplete acquisition of a moderate degree in contact situations. However, a problem remains: that there is no clear place for the phenomenon identified in conventional models of language contact. Instead, the reduction in question — where perceived at all — has tended to elicit surmises that the languages are, or were once, pidgins or creoles. But these claims fail to compel, because neither synchrony, diachrony, nor sociohistorical data support classing these languages with Saramaccan, Haitian Creole, Papiamentu, and Tok Pisin.
Williams Martin
- Published in print:
- 1993
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195083491
- eISBN:
- 9780199853205
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195083491.003.0047
- Subject:
- Music, Popular
By the 1920s, jazz music was being recorded more or less regularly. And if those who heard the past legendary musicians claim that the records by Fletcher Henderson or King Oliver or Bix Beiderbecke ...
More
By the 1920s, jazz music was being recorded more or less regularly. And if those who heard the past legendary musicians claim that the records by Fletcher Henderson or King Oliver or Bix Beiderbecke were a shadow of the reality, at least the records were there and in some quantity. A more recent legendary event, the appearance of Charlie Parker-Dizzy Gillespie quintets in the early forties, is now regarded as much a part of jazz tradition as Oliver's Creole Band. Finally, a 1953 concert in Toronto did get recorded and now reappears on Fantasy, “Jazz At Massey Hall.”Less
By the 1920s, jazz music was being recorded more or less regularly. And if those who heard the past legendary musicians claim that the records by Fletcher Henderson or King Oliver or Bix Beiderbecke were a shadow of the reality, at least the records were there and in some quantity. A more recent legendary event, the appearance of Charlie Parker-Dizzy Gillespie quintets in the early forties, is now regarded as much a part of jazz tradition as Oliver's Creole Band. Finally, a 1953 concert in Toronto did get recorded and now reappears on Fantasy, “Jazz At Massey Hall.”
BART JACOBS
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780197265208
- eISBN:
- 9780191754180
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197265208.003.0009
- Subject:
- History, World Early Modern History
This chapter explores the presence of the first Dutch West India Company (WIC) in 17th-century Senegambia, particularly in the Petite Côte region. The WIC's activity in this part of Upper Guinea is ...
More
This chapter explores the presence of the first Dutch West India Company (WIC) in 17th-century Senegambia, particularly in the Petite Côte region. The WIC's activity in this part of Upper Guinea is traditionally marginalised in the literature, but must be reconsidered in light of the compelling linguistic similarities between Papiamentu (the creole language of Aruba, Bonaire and Curaçao) and Upper Guinea Portuguese Creole (a cover term for the sister creole varieties of the Cape Verde Islands, Guinea-Bissau and the Senegalese province of Casamance). The chapter illustrates how the conquest (in 1621) and possession (until 1677) of Gorée guaranteed Dutch commercial dominance in the Senegambia region, a period in which the language transfer from Upper Guinea to Curaçao must have occurred. It furthermore describes how the Dutch episode in Upper Guinea came to an abrupt end after the loss of Gorée and other Petite Côte factories to the French.Less
This chapter explores the presence of the first Dutch West India Company (WIC) in 17th-century Senegambia, particularly in the Petite Côte region. The WIC's activity in this part of Upper Guinea is traditionally marginalised in the literature, but must be reconsidered in light of the compelling linguistic similarities between Papiamentu (the creole language of Aruba, Bonaire and Curaçao) and Upper Guinea Portuguese Creole (a cover term for the sister creole varieties of the Cape Verde Islands, Guinea-Bissau and the Senegalese province of Casamance). The chapter illustrates how the conquest (in 1621) and possession (until 1677) of Gorée guaranteed Dutch commercial dominance in the Senegambia region, a period in which the language transfer from Upper Guinea to Curaçao must have occurred. It furthermore describes how the Dutch episode in Upper Guinea came to an abrupt end after the loss of Gorée and other Petite Côte factories to the French.
Melissa Daggett
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781496810083
- eISBN:
- 9781496810120
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781496810083.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, History of Religion
The advent of Modern American Spiritualism took place in the 1850s and continued as a viable faith into the 1870s. Because of its diversity and openness to new cultures and religions, New Orleans ...
More
The advent of Modern American Spiritualism took place in the 1850s and continued as a viable faith into the 1870s. Because of its diversity and openness to new cultures and religions, New Orleans provided fertile ground to nurture Spiritualism, and many séance circles flourished in the Faubourgs Tremé and Marigny as well as the American sector of the city. This book focuses on Le Cercle Harmonique, the francophone séance circle of Henry Louis Rey, a Creole of color who was a key civil rights activist, author, and Civil War and Reconstruction leader. His life has remained largely in the shadows of New Orleans historiography owning, in part, to a language barrier. The book weaves an intriguing historical tale of the supernatural, chaotic postbellum politics, and the personal triumphs and tragedies of Henry Louis Rey. Besides Rey’s séance circle, there is also a discussion about the Anglo-American séance circles in New Orleans. The book places these séance circles within the context of the national scene, and the genesis of nineteenth-century Spiritualism is examined with a special emphasis placed on events in New York and Boston. The lifetime of Henry Rey and that of his father, Barthélemy Rey, spanned the nineteenth century, and mirror the social and political dilemmas of the black Creoles. The book concludes with a comparison of Spiritualism with the Spiritualist and Spiritual churches, as well as voodoo. The book’s narrative is accompanied by wonderful illustrations, reproductions of the original spiritual communications, and photographs.Less
The advent of Modern American Spiritualism took place in the 1850s and continued as a viable faith into the 1870s. Because of its diversity and openness to new cultures and religions, New Orleans provided fertile ground to nurture Spiritualism, and many séance circles flourished in the Faubourgs Tremé and Marigny as well as the American sector of the city. This book focuses on Le Cercle Harmonique, the francophone séance circle of Henry Louis Rey, a Creole of color who was a key civil rights activist, author, and Civil War and Reconstruction leader. His life has remained largely in the shadows of New Orleans historiography owning, in part, to a language barrier. The book weaves an intriguing historical tale of the supernatural, chaotic postbellum politics, and the personal triumphs and tragedies of Henry Louis Rey. Besides Rey’s séance circle, there is also a discussion about the Anglo-American séance circles in New Orleans. The book places these séance circles within the context of the national scene, and the genesis of nineteenth-century Spiritualism is examined with a special emphasis placed on events in New York and Boston. The lifetime of Henry Rey and that of his father, Barthélemy Rey, spanned the nineteenth century, and mirror the social and political dilemmas of the black Creoles. The book concludes with a comparison of Spiritualism with the Spiritualist and Spiritual churches, as well as voodoo. The book’s narrative is accompanied by wonderful illustrations, reproductions of the original spiritual communications, and photographs.
James B. Bennett
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- April 2005
- ISBN:
- 9780195149180
- eISBN:
- 9780199835386
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195149181.003.0008
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
This essay traces the role of Catholicism in the shifting racial identity of Creoles of color in New Orleans in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The implementation of racially ...
More
This essay traces the role of Catholicism in the shifting racial identity of Creoles of color in New Orleans in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The implementation of racially segregated Catholic parishes in New Orleans played an important role in changing the way white New Orleanians classified Creoles of color, who were once considered a distinct racial category but came to be described as simply “black.” At the same time, resistance to separate parishes demonstrated both the difficulty of instituting segregation and the creative ways that Creoles preserved a distinct identity even within a society divided along a black-white binary.Less
This essay traces the role of Catholicism in the shifting racial identity of Creoles of color in New Orleans in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The implementation of racially segregated Catholic parishes in New Orleans played an important role in changing the way white New Orleanians classified Creoles of color, who were once considered a distinct racial category but came to be described as simply “black.” At the same time, resistance to separate parishes demonstrated both the difficulty of instituting segregation and the creative ways that Creoles preserved a distinct identity even within a society divided along a black-white binary.
Christopher GoGwilt
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199751624
- eISBN:
- 9780199866199
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199751624.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, 19th-century and Victorian Literature, 20th-century Literature and Modernism
This book reevaluates twentieth-century literature and culture by studying the interrelations between English, Creole, and Indonesian formations of literary modernism. Each modernist formation is ...
More
This book reevaluates twentieth-century literature and culture by studying the interrelations between English, Creole, and Indonesian formations of literary modernism. Each modernist formation is explained through a set of comparative studies of the fiction of Joseph Conrad, Jean Rhys, and Pramoedya Ananta Toer. Conrad's canonical profile in literary histories of English modernism is placed side by side with Rhys's contested position in postcolonial accounts of Caribbean writing and Pramoedya's prominent role in the history of Indonesian anti-colonial nationalism. The different models of reading at the heart of each writer's fiction lead to a reassessment of transnational modernism. The book argues that each passage of literature becomes the site of a contest between competing genealogies of modernism and modernity. Re-examining the linguistic and literary coordinates of Anglophone modernist studies, and combining the insights of Caribbean writers and theorists with recent work in Indonesian studies, the book outlines the imperatives of a new postcolonial philology and resituates European modernism within the literary, linguistic, and historical context of decolonization.Less
This book reevaluates twentieth-century literature and culture by studying the interrelations between English, Creole, and Indonesian formations of literary modernism. Each modernist formation is explained through a set of comparative studies of the fiction of Joseph Conrad, Jean Rhys, and Pramoedya Ananta Toer. Conrad's canonical profile in literary histories of English modernism is placed side by side with Rhys's contested position in postcolonial accounts of Caribbean writing and Pramoedya's prominent role in the history of Indonesian anti-colonial nationalism. The different models of reading at the heart of each writer's fiction lead to a reassessment of transnational modernism. The book argues that each passage of literature becomes the site of a contest between competing genealogies of modernism and modernity. Re-examining the linguistic and literary coordinates of Anglophone modernist studies, and combining the insights of Caribbean writers and theorists with recent work in Indonesian studies, the book outlines the imperatives of a new postcolonial philology and resituates European modernism within the literary, linguistic, and historical context of decolonization.
Christopher GoGwilt
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199751624
- eISBN:
- 9780199866199
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199751624.003.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, 19th-century and Victorian Literature, 20th-century Literature and Modernism
Chapter 1 defines the sense of modernism used in the book and outlines the linguistic-literary coordinates of English, Creole, and Indonesian modernisms. It frames the study to come in terms of the ...
More
Chapter 1 defines the sense of modernism used in the book and outlines the linguistic-literary coordinates of English, Creole, and Indonesian modernisms. It frames the study to come in terms of the parallel historical formations of the Oxford English Dictionary and the Indonesian language during the turn from the nineteenth to the twentieth century. The second part of the chapter introduces the genealogies of modernism implicit in the work of Conrad, Rhys, and Pramoedya, as these emerge in autobiographical fragments from each writer's work.Less
Chapter 1 defines the sense of modernism used in the book and outlines the linguistic-literary coordinates of English, Creole, and Indonesian modernisms. It frames the study to come in terms of the parallel historical formations of the Oxford English Dictionary and the Indonesian language during the turn from the nineteenth to the twentieth century. The second part of the chapter introduces the genealogies of modernism implicit in the work of Conrad, Rhys, and Pramoedya, as these emerge in autobiographical fragments from each writer's work.
Christopher GoGwilt
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199751624
- eISBN:
- 9780199866199
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199751624.003.0004
- Subject:
- Literature, 19th-century and Victorian Literature, 20th-century Literature and Modernism
Framed by a comparative study of Rhys's Good Morning, Midnight and Conrad's The Shadow-Line, Chapter 4 examines the problem of interior space that links Rhys's urban topography, Conrad's sea ...
More
Framed by a comparative study of Rhys's Good Morning, Midnight and Conrad's The Shadow-Line, Chapter 4 examines the problem of interior space that links Rhys's urban topography, Conrad's sea passages, and the arcades of Benjamin's Arcades Project. This problem of interiority is illuminated by the problematic anteriority of Creole narrative perspective in Rhys's early work. Tracing correspondences between the contrasting male and female experiences of metropolitan modernity in Benjamin and Rhys, the chapter relates these to the problem of white racial identity in the later work of Joseph Conrad. What emerges is the recognition of a non-European Creole identity as the lost cultural and historical perspective of Europe's past.Less
Framed by a comparative study of Rhys's Good Morning, Midnight and Conrad's The Shadow-Line, Chapter 4 examines the problem of interior space that links Rhys's urban topography, Conrad's sea passages, and the arcades of Benjamin's Arcades Project. This problem of interiority is illuminated by the problematic anteriority of Creole narrative perspective in Rhys's early work. Tracing correspondences between the contrasting male and female experiences of metropolitan modernity in Benjamin and Rhys, the chapter relates these to the problem of white racial identity in the later work of Joseph Conrad. What emerges is the recognition of a non-European Creole identity as the lost cultural and historical perspective of Europe's past.
Christopher GoGwilt
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199751624
- eISBN:
- 9780199866199
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199751624.003.0005
- Subject:
- Literature, 19th-century and Victorian Literature, 20th-century Literature and Modernism
Chapter 5 compares Rhys's use of the stereotype of the Creole heiress in Wide Sargasso Sea with Pramoedya's use of a similar stereotype in This Earth of Mankind. The chapter situates this stereotype ...
More
Chapter 5 compares Rhys's use of the stereotype of the Creole heiress in Wide Sargasso Sea with Pramoedya's use of a similar stereotype in This Earth of Mankind. The chapter situates this stereotype within a comparative linguistic and literary context, considering also the example of Louis Couperus's Dutch novel, The Hidden Force (1900). Examining this stereotype as part of the legacy of changing colonial and postcolonial senses of the word Creole itself, the comparison reveals how the Creole heiress serves as a linguistic and literary point of reference for contested genealogies of modernism and modernity.Less
Chapter 5 compares Rhys's use of the stereotype of the Creole heiress in Wide Sargasso Sea with Pramoedya's use of a similar stereotype in This Earth of Mankind. The chapter situates this stereotype within a comparative linguistic and literary context, considering also the example of Louis Couperus's Dutch novel, The Hidden Force (1900). Examining this stereotype as part of the legacy of changing colonial and postcolonial senses of the word Creole itself, the comparison reveals how the Creole heiress serves as a linguistic and literary point of reference for contested genealogies of modernism and modernity.
Nathalie Dessens
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780813060200
- eISBN:
- 9780813050614
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813060200.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, American History: 19th Century
The first half of the nineteenth century was, for New Orleans, a seminal period. Based on a voluminous correspondence, archived at The Historic New Orleans Collection, the present book draws a ...
More
The first half of the nineteenth century was, for New Orleans, a seminal period. Based on a voluminous correspondence, archived at The Historic New Orleans Collection, the present book draws a chronicle of the Crescent City in the 1820s and 1830s. Starting in 1818, six years after Louisiana became a state, the 1200-page correspondence of Jean Boze, a resident of New Orleans, to Henri de Sainte-Gême, a former inhabitant of the city returned to his hometown in Southwestern France, describes at length the extraordinary changes the city underwent during the early American period. A small provincial frontier town in the early nineteenth century, it was the third largest city in the United States in 1840. Over these three decades, the city grew and modernized, taking advantage of its strategic geographical position at the mouth of the Mississippi River to become a bustling crossroads of the Atlantic World, connecting the young American Republic, Europe, Latin America, and the Caribbean. It also welcomed, in numbers unheard of until then, new migrants from the United States, Europe, and the former colony of Saint-Domingue, which became, in 1804, the Haitian republic. These migrants changed the face of the city and established with the Creole population complex relationships that eventually shaped the original identity of the city. The book, following Boze's eyes, draws an original chronicle of one of the most unusual cities in the United States, trying to understand and explain the process that turned the city into the Creole capital.Less
The first half of the nineteenth century was, for New Orleans, a seminal period. Based on a voluminous correspondence, archived at The Historic New Orleans Collection, the present book draws a chronicle of the Crescent City in the 1820s and 1830s. Starting in 1818, six years after Louisiana became a state, the 1200-page correspondence of Jean Boze, a resident of New Orleans, to Henri de Sainte-Gême, a former inhabitant of the city returned to his hometown in Southwestern France, describes at length the extraordinary changes the city underwent during the early American period. A small provincial frontier town in the early nineteenth century, it was the third largest city in the United States in 1840. Over these three decades, the city grew and modernized, taking advantage of its strategic geographical position at the mouth of the Mississippi River to become a bustling crossroads of the Atlantic World, connecting the young American Republic, Europe, Latin America, and the Caribbean. It also welcomed, in numbers unheard of until then, new migrants from the United States, Europe, and the former colony of Saint-Domingue, which became, in 1804, the Haitian republic. These migrants changed the face of the city and established with the Creole population complex relationships that eventually shaped the original identity of the city. The book, following Boze's eyes, draws an original chronicle of one of the most unusual cities in the United States, trying to understand and explain the process that turned the city into the Creole capital.
Benedicte Boisseron
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- September 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780813049793
- eISBN:
- 9780813050201
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813049793.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
This book investigates the exilic literature of Caribbean-born and Caribbean-descent writers who, from their new location in North America, question their cultural obligation of Caribbeanness, ...
More
This book investigates the exilic literature of Caribbean-born and Caribbean-descent writers who, from their new location in North America, question their cultural obligation of Caribbeanness, Creoleness, and even Blackness. This new consciousness has led them to challenge their roots as they search for a creative autonomy deemed treacherous by the home community. Though their poetics are infused with an enticing sense of cultural, sexual, or racial emancipation, their deviance is not always defiant. As author Boisseron argues, a burden of guilt is one of the defining features of the modern Caribbean diaspora. While untangling the complex rhetoric of cultural debt, betrayal, and guilt at the heart of Caribbean diasporic discourse, Creole Renegades proposes to expose a more human, albeit more flawed and vulnerable, side of the modern Creole subject. Boisseron delves into the ways in which the second-generation Caribbean diaspora moves beyond nationality, communitarianism, and cultural belonging to embrace its individual subjectivity and personal needs, thus raising controversy at home and abroad about its disengagement. What is the role of the migrant writer in cultures and histories pressured by the need of cultural remittance? Does the expatriate writer feed or feed off the home country when writing about home miseries? Where should we cross the line between “individualism” and “opportunism” in a diasporic context? Should racial allegiance be a necessary component of the Creole black diasporic community in America? These are some of the key questions this book raises.Less
This book investigates the exilic literature of Caribbean-born and Caribbean-descent writers who, from their new location in North America, question their cultural obligation of Caribbeanness, Creoleness, and even Blackness. This new consciousness has led them to challenge their roots as they search for a creative autonomy deemed treacherous by the home community. Though their poetics are infused with an enticing sense of cultural, sexual, or racial emancipation, their deviance is not always defiant. As author Boisseron argues, a burden of guilt is one of the defining features of the modern Caribbean diaspora. While untangling the complex rhetoric of cultural debt, betrayal, and guilt at the heart of Caribbean diasporic discourse, Creole Renegades proposes to expose a more human, albeit more flawed and vulnerable, side of the modern Creole subject. Boisseron delves into the ways in which the second-generation Caribbean diaspora moves beyond nationality, communitarianism, and cultural belonging to embrace its individual subjectivity and personal needs, thus raising controversy at home and abroad about its disengagement. What is the role of the migrant writer in cultures and histories pressured by the need of cultural remittance? Does the expatriate writer feed or feed off the home country when writing about home miseries? Where should we cross the line between “individualism” and “opportunism” in a diasporic context? Should racial allegiance be a necessary component of the Creole black diasporic community in America? These are some of the key questions this book raises.
Gwendolyn Midlo Hall
- Published in print:
- 1997
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195112436
- eISBN:
- 9780199854271
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195112436.003.0017
- Subject:
- History, American History: 19th Century
Louisiana was, and is, a truly, multicutural society that developed very differently from the thirteen original Angolo colonies. In colonial Louisiana, an entirely new Creole culture was created from ...
More
Louisiana was, and is, a truly, multicutural society that developed very differently from the thirteen original Angolo colonies. In colonial Louisiana, an entirely new Creole culture was created from the knowledge, skills, folk art, and world views of Africans, Native Americans, and Europeans. This chapter explains that it was women—especially mothers and surrogate mothers—who primarily molded the new generations. The experience of African women in colonial Louisiana reflected a broader continuum ranging from the most brutal forms of economic and sexual exploitation to impressive upward social mobility and economic power. Colonial Louisiana was a rough, violent, frontier world where slave women were overworked, driven beyond the limits of their physical endurance, tortured, and victimized. African women and women of African descent were crucial in the creation of this new and unique Louisiana Creole language and culture. They took care of their own children, and of many white children as well.Less
Louisiana was, and is, a truly, multicutural society that developed very differently from the thirteen original Angolo colonies. In colonial Louisiana, an entirely new Creole culture was created from the knowledge, skills, folk art, and world views of Africans, Native Americans, and Europeans. This chapter explains that it was women—especially mothers and surrogate mothers—who primarily molded the new generations. The experience of African women in colonial Louisiana reflected a broader continuum ranging from the most brutal forms of economic and sexual exploitation to impressive upward social mobility and economic power. Colonial Louisiana was a rough, violent, frontier world where slave women were overworked, driven beyond the limits of their physical endurance, tortured, and victimized. African women and women of African descent were crucial in the creation of this new and unique Louisiana Creole language and culture. They took care of their own children, and of many white children as well.
Myriam Arcangeli
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780813060422
- eISBN:
- 9780813050652
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813060422.001.0001
- Subject:
- Archaeology, Historical Archaeology
In historical archaeology, the concept of “ceramic culture” is a new approach to the analysis of material culture and the exploration of the past. By focusing on the users that handled archaeological ...
More
In historical archaeology, the concept of “ceramic culture” is a new approach to the analysis of material culture and the exploration of the past. By focusing on the users that handled archaeological objects, this concept yields original insights into the functions of ceramics, in particular, but not exclusively, during the early modern period. In the case of Guadeloupe, it helps us to characterize domestic life in this part of the French colonial world as well as to trace important facets of the local Creole culture. In doing so, it brings to light topics that had not been explored previously in the traditional historiography of the French West Indies. This book demonstrates how easily this concept can be applied to an array of archaeological collections and provides, through its results, striking and original examples of what ceramics can reveal about the past.Less
In historical archaeology, the concept of “ceramic culture” is a new approach to the analysis of material culture and the exploration of the past. By focusing on the users that handled archaeological objects, this concept yields original insights into the functions of ceramics, in particular, but not exclusively, during the early modern period. In the case of Guadeloupe, it helps us to characterize domestic life in this part of the French colonial world as well as to trace important facets of the local Creole culture. In doing so, it brings to light topics that had not been explored previously in the traditional historiography of the French West Indies. This book demonstrates how easily this concept can be applied to an array of archaeological collections and provides, through its results, striking and original examples of what ceramics can reveal about the past.
Keith E. McNeal
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780813037363
- eISBN:
- 9780813042121
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813037363.003.0004
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Latin American Studies
This chapter focuses upon Shango as a popular Afro-Creole tradition, considering its social organization, ritual structure, and complex pantheon, as well as its symbolism, material culture, and ...
More
This chapter focuses upon Shango as a popular Afro-Creole tradition, considering its social organization, ritual structure, and complex pantheon, as well as its symbolism, material culture, and patterns of performance. It emphasizes the personal flexibility and on-the-ground dynamism of Orisha Worship as a subaltern religious form, probing its overlapping and complex interrelations with Christianity, Spiritual Baptism, Kabba, and Hinduism.Less
This chapter focuses upon Shango as a popular Afro-Creole tradition, considering its social organization, ritual structure, and complex pantheon, as well as its symbolism, material culture, and patterns of performance. It emphasizes the personal flexibility and on-the-ground dynamism of Orisha Worship as a subaltern religious form, probing its overlapping and complex interrelations with Christianity, Spiritual Baptism, Kabba, and Hinduism.
Keith E. McNeal
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780813037363
- eISBN:
- 9780813042121
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813037363.003.0005
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Latin American Studies
This chapter examines the topography of Indo-Creole Shakti worship in terms of social organization, ritual structure, and material culture, exploring its dynamic heterodox pantheon through the ...
More
This chapter examines the topography of Indo-Creole Shakti worship in terms of social organization, ritual structure, and material culture, exploring its dynamic heterodox pantheon through the performances and personal experiences of practitioners. Sociosymbolic flexibility and personal contingency are built into the tradition's grassroots structure, as seen with Shango in Chapter Three. By providing an ethnographic overview of ecstatic Shakti Worship in contemporary Trinidad, the chapter establishes the foundation for an explicitly comparative consideration of Orisha Worship and Shakti Puja in Chapter Five.Less
This chapter examines the topography of Indo-Creole Shakti worship in terms of social organization, ritual structure, and material culture, exploring its dynamic heterodox pantheon through the performances and personal experiences of practitioners. Sociosymbolic flexibility and personal contingency are built into the tradition's grassroots structure, as seen with Shango in Chapter Three. By providing an ethnographic overview of ecstatic Shakti Worship in contemporary Trinidad, the chapter establishes the foundation for an explicitly comparative consideration of Orisha Worship and Shakti Puja in Chapter Five.
Jeffrey R. Kerr-Ritchie
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- May 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780813056036
- eISBN:
- 9780813053806
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813056036.003.0012
- Subject:
- History, African-American History
In November 1841, the U.S. slaver Creole transporting 135 slaves from Richmond to New Orleans was seized by nineteen slave rebels who steered the ship to the British Bahamas, where all secured their ...
More
In November 1841, the U.S. slaver Creole transporting 135 slaves from Richmond to New Orleans was seized by nineteen slave rebels who steered the ship to the British Bahamas, where all secured their liberation. Drawing from this well-known story as a point of departure, this chapter examines the understudied maritime dimensions of British free soil policies in the nineteenth century, with a particular emphasis on how such policies affected the U.S. domestic slave trade and slave revolts at sea. In contrast to the more familiar narrative of south-to-north fugitive slave migration, this chapter sheds light on international south-to-south migration routes from the U.S. South to the circum-Caribbean.Less
In November 1841, the U.S. slaver Creole transporting 135 slaves from Richmond to New Orleans was seized by nineteen slave rebels who steered the ship to the British Bahamas, where all secured their liberation. Drawing from this well-known story as a point of departure, this chapter examines the understudied maritime dimensions of British free soil policies in the nineteenth century, with a particular emphasis on how such policies affected the U.S. domestic slave trade and slave revolts at sea. In contrast to the more familiar narrative of south-to-north fugitive slave migration, this chapter sheds light on international south-to-south migration routes from the U.S. South to the circum-Caribbean.
Jan Brokken
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- January 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781628461855
- eISBN:
- 9781626740914
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781628461855.003.0032
- Subject:
- Music, Ethnomusicology, World Music
This chapter compares and contracts the musical histories of Martinique and Guadeloupe with the Netherlands Antilles and the response to the music they produced in their respective colonial masters ...
More
This chapter compares and contracts the musical histories of Martinique and Guadeloupe with the Netherlands Antilles and the response to the music they produced in their respective colonial masters Holland and France. The music of Martinique and Guadeloupe caught on in Paris, but their Curacaoan counterparts Not at all in Amsterdam.Less
This chapter compares and contracts the musical histories of Martinique and Guadeloupe with the Netherlands Antilles and the response to the music they produced in their respective colonial masters Holland and France. The music of Martinique and Guadeloupe caught on in Paris, but their Curacaoan counterparts Not at all in Amsterdam.
Jacqueline Couti
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9781781383018
- eISBN:
- 9781781384046
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9781781383018.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, World Literature
Dangerous Creole Liaisons explores a French Caribbean context to broaden discussions of sexuality, nation building, and colonialism in the Americas. In so doing, this book offers a glimpse of the ...
More
Dangerous Creole Liaisons explores a French Caribbean context to broaden discussions of sexuality, nation building, and colonialism in the Americas. In so doing, this book offers a glimpse of the literary and political scene in Martinique and Guadeloupe in the nineteenth century. This study examines how white Creoles perceived their contributions to French nationalism in their writings as they portrayed sexualized female bodies and sexual and racial difference to advance their political ideologies. Questioning their exhilarating exoticism and titillating eroticism underscores the ambiguous celebration of the Creole woman as both seductress and an object of lust. She embodies the Caribbean as a space of desire and a political site of contest that reflects colonial, slave and post-slave societies. The under-researched white Creole writers and non-Caribbean authors (such as Lafcadio Hearn and Jenny Manet) who traveled to and wrote about these islands offer an intriguing gendering and sexualization of colonial and nationalist discourses. Their use of the floating motif of the female body as the nation exposes a cultural cross-pollination, an intense dialogue of political identity between continental France and her Caribbean colonies. This book suggests that this cross-pollination still persists. Eventually, representations of Creole women’s bodies (white and black) bring two competing conceptions of nationalism into play: a local, bounded, French nationalism against a transatlantic and more fluid nationalism that included the Antilles in a “greater France.”Less
Dangerous Creole Liaisons explores a French Caribbean context to broaden discussions of sexuality, nation building, and colonialism in the Americas. In so doing, this book offers a glimpse of the literary and political scene in Martinique and Guadeloupe in the nineteenth century. This study examines how white Creoles perceived their contributions to French nationalism in their writings as they portrayed sexualized female bodies and sexual and racial difference to advance their political ideologies. Questioning their exhilarating exoticism and titillating eroticism underscores the ambiguous celebration of the Creole woman as both seductress and an object of lust. She embodies the Caribbean as a space of desire and a political site of contest that reflects colonial, slave and post-slave societies. The under-researched white Creole writers and non-Caribbean authors (such as Lafcadio Hearn and Jenny Manet) who traveled to and wrote about these islands offer an intriguing gendering and sexualization of colonial and nationalist discourses. Their use of the floating motif of the female body as the nation exposes a cultural cross-pollination, an intense dialogue of political identity between continental France and her Caribbean colonies. This book suggests that this cross-pollination still persists. Eventually, representations of Creole women’s bodies (white and black) bring two competing conceptions of nationalism into play: a local, bounded, French nationalism against a transatlantic and more fluid nationalism that included the Antilles in a “greater France.”
Justin A. Nystrom
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- March 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780823232024
- eISBN:
- 9780823240494
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fso/9780823232024.003.0008
- Subject:
- History, American History: 19th Century
This chapter looks at case studies of the way the Civil War and its aftermath affected free Creoles of color. Antebellum New Orleans society was divided broadly into three ...
More
This chapter looks at case studies of the way the Civil War and its aftermath affected free Creoles of color. Antebellum New Orleans society was divided broadly into three groups, with Creoles of color forming the vital middle ground between bound black slaves and free whites. Because these Creoles both obscured the relationship between race and freedom and served as a model to those slaves who would be free, white governments passed a series of laws increasingly restricting Creoles' freedoms. The war and early fall of New Orleans changed this three-tiered system in dramatic and unexpected ways. The ensuing end of slavery destroyed Creoles' former racial identity and forced them into a more rigid social structure of white and nonwhite. Many families reacted by taking a series of small steps across several generations to assume a white identity in this new bichromatic society—with varying degrees of success.Less
This chapter looks at case studies of the way the Civil War and its aftermath affected free Creoles of color. Antebellum New Orleans society was divided broadly into three groups, with Creoles of color forming the vital middle ground between bound black slaves and free whites. Because these Creoles both obscured the relationship between race and freedom and served as a model to those slaves who would be free, white governments passed a series of laws increasingly restricting Creoles' freedoms. The war and early fall of New Orleans changed this three-tiered system in dramatic and unexpected ways. The ensuing end of slavery destroyed Creoles' former racial identity and forced them into a more rigid social structure of white and nonwhite. Many families reacted by taking a series of small steps across several generations to assume a white identity in this new bichromatic society—with varying degrees of success.
CAROL MYERS-SCOTTON
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780198299530
- eISBN:
- 9780191708107
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198299530.003.0006
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Sociolinguistics / Anthropological Linguistics, Theoretical Linguistics
This chapter discusses three related contact phenomena: lexical borrowing, mixed (split) languages, and creole formation. They all show the effects of the universal split in languages between the ...
More
This chapter discusses three related contact phenomena: lexical borrowing, mixed (split) languages, and creole formation. They all show the effects of the universal split in languages between the grammatical and lexical features. Lexical borrowing typically affects only lexical elements. In contrast, mixed languages include grammatical elements from more than one language. The Matrix Language Turnover hypothesis explains how mixed languages arise, such as Mednyj Aleut (Copper Island Aleut). Creole formation is marked by an unusual interaction between lexical and grammatical elements: words from one language (the lexifier) become grammatical elements in the developing Creole.Less
This chapter discusses three related contact phenomena: lexical borrowing, mixed (split) languages, and creole formation. They all show the effects of the universal split in languages between the grammatical and lexical features. Lexical borrowing typically affects only lexical elements. In contrast, mixed languages include grammatical elements from more than one language. The Matrix Language Turnover hypothesis explains how mixed languages arise, such as Mednyj Aleut (Copper Island Aleut). Creole formation is marked by an unusual interaction between lexical and grammatical elements: words from one language (the lexifier) become grammatical elements in the developing Creole.
