Max. M Edling
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- January 2005
- ISBN:
- 9780195148701
- eISBN:
- 9780199835096
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195148703.003.0005
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
It would be a fundamental mistake to assume a priori a complete correspondence between the historical sociology of state formation and the conceptual history of the “state,” or, in more general ...
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It would be a fundamental mistake to assume a priori a complete correspondence between the historical sociology of state formation and the conceptual history of the “state,” or, in more general terms, between institutional and intellectual development, and between political reality and political rhetoric. Equally, it would be a mistake to assume that there is no relation whatsoever, and it would have been remarkable if the great expansion of the fiscal and military capacity of central government in Britain in the early modern period had gone unnoticed by contemporaries, so as to leave no mark on historical, political, and social reflection. Shows that the European process of state formation had indeed influenced political commentary in giving rise to arguments analyzing and criticizing the growth of the state, and that these arguments found their way across the Atlantic from Britain to the American colonies in the form of “Country” thought, which gave rise to a complete vocabulary with which to respond to the growth of the British fiscal‐military state in the Anglo‐American world of political discourse. In fact, Antifederalism can be described as an expression of Country thought, although it cannot at the same time be claimed that Federalism was a repetition of the contrasting central Court defense of state expansion.Less
It would be a fundamental mistake to assume a priori a complete correspondence between the historical sociology of state formation and the conceptual history of the “state,” or, in more general terms, between institutional and intellectual development, and between political reality and political rhetoric. Equally, it would be a mistake to assume that there is no relation whatsoever, and it would have been remarkable if the great expansion of the fiscal and military capacity of central government in Britain in the early modern period had gone unnoticed by contemporaries, so as to leave no mark on historical, political, and social reflection. Shows that the European process of state formation had indeed influenced political commentary in giving rise to arguments analyzing and criticizing the growth of the state, and that these arguments found their way across the Atlantic from Britain to the American colonies in the form of “Country” thought, which gave rise to a complete vocabulary with which to respond to the growth of the British fiscal‐military state in the Anglo‐American world of political discourse. In fact, Antifederalism can be described as an expression of Country thought, although it cannot at the same time be claimed that Federalism was a repetition of the contrasting central Court defense of state expansion.
Max. M Edling
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- January 2005
- ISBN:
- 9780195148701
- eISBN:
- 9780199835096
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195148703.003.0013
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
Presents the Antifederalist objections to a stronger national government in the “fiscal‐military” sphere, with this chapter looking closely at Antifederalist objections to the federal fiscal powers ...
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Presents the Antifederalist objections to a stronger national government in the “fiscal‐military” sphere, with this chapter looking closely at Antifederalist objections to the federal fiscal powers of the US Constitution, and the answers of the Federalists to these. Only rarely did the Antifederalists raise any objections to the right of Congress to borrow money, but the fact that they seemed to accept that public borrowing might sometimes be necessary did not mean that they accepted the need for an unlimited federal power over taxation. In their opposition to the Constitution's tax clauses, the Antifederalists continued an Anglo‐American political tradition of opposition against state growth that in turn is but an instant of a universal resistance to the centralization of power characteristic of early modern Europe. The Antifederalist opposition centered on the future role of the state legislatures: in Antifederalist thought the state assembly had come to take on the function filled by the House of Commons in English “Country” thought, so it was regarded as a crucial barrier against government abuse and as the only institution that made possible taxation with the consent of the governed.Less
Presents the Antifederalist objections to a stronger national government in the “fiscal‐military” sphere, with this chapter looking closely at Antifederalist objections to the federal fiscal powers of the US Constitution, and the answers of the Federalists to these. Only rarely did the Antifederalists raise any objections to the right of Congress to borrow money, but the fact that they seemed to accept that public borrowing might sometimes be necessary did not mean that they accepted the need for an unlimited federal power over taxation. In their opposition to the Constitution's tax clauses, the Antifederalists continued an Anglo‐American political tradition of opposition against state growth that in turn is but an instant of a universal resistance to the centralization of power characteristic of early modern Europe. The Antifederalist opposition centered on the future role of the state legislatures: in Antifederalist thought the state assembly had come to take on the function filled by the House of Commons in English “Country” thought, so it was regarded as a crucial barrier against government abuse and as the only institution that made possible taxation with the consent of the governed.
Michael Keating
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780199244348
- eISBN:
- 9780191599866
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199244340.003.0008
- Subject:
- Political Science, UK Politics
Compares Northern Ireland with Western Europe's other hot spot, the Basque Country. It links both regions with the process of European integration. Keating's view is that, as this promotes a move ...
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Compares Northern Ireland with Western Europe's other hot spot, the Basque Country. It links both regions with the process of European integration. Keating's view is that, as this promotes a move away from the traditional notion of single identities and sovereign nation‐states towards more complex multiple identities and forms of shared sovereignty; it offers a potential way out of both conflicts.Less
Compares Northern Ireland with Western Europe's other hot spot, the Basque Country. It links both regions with the process of European integration. Keating's view is that, as this promotes a move away from the traditional notion of single identities and sovereign nation‐states towards more complex multiple identities and forms of shared sovereignty; it offers a potential way out of both conflicts.
William R. Ryan
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195387285
- eISBN:
- 9780199775774
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195387285.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, American History: early to 18th Century
This chapter deals with the rise of the radical Whig faction and how they, under the leadership of William Henry Drayton, antagonized the governor by trying to blockade the port, thus precipitating ...
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This chapter deals with the rise of the radical Whig faction and how they, under the leadership of William Henry Drayton, antagonized the governor by trying to blockade the port, thus precipitating the opening shots of the war in South Carolina. Moreover, this chapter demonstrates how tenuous the position of the Whigs was and how they simultaneously attempted to pacify insurgent white settlers and hostile Cherokee Indians in the backcountry. As the chapter title suggests, it deals with the volatile geopolitics of Revolutionary South Carolina, as well as the regional and class divisions that plagued the province during the fall and winter of 1775.Less
This chapter deals with the rise of the radical Whig faction and how they, under the leadership of William Henry Drayton, antagonized the governor by trying to blockade the port, thus precipitating the opening shots of the war in South Carolina. Moreover, this chapter demonstrates how tenuous the position of the Whigs was and how they simultaneously attempted to pacify insurgent white settlers and hostile Cherokee Indians in the backcountry. As the chapter title suggests, it deals with the volatile geopolitics of Revolutionary South Carolina, as well as the regional and class divisions that plagued the province during the fall and winter of 1775.
Sandra Clarke
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748626168
- eISBN:
- 9780748671519
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748626168.001.0001
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Sociolinguistics / Anthropological Linguistics
This volume constitutes the first comprehensive overview of the variety of Canadian English spoken in Newfoundland and Labrador, long recognized as linguistically distinct within North America. It ...
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This volume constitutes the first comprehensive overview of the variety of Canadian English spoken in Newfoundland and Labrador, long recognized as linguistically distinct within North America. It provides an accessible introduction to the phonetic, grammatical, lexical and discourse features of contemporary Newfoundland English, along with the speech of the province’s continental portion, Labrador. Newfoundland English is shown to be a generally conservative variety, which has preserved a number of features that have undergone attrition elsewhere. Likewise, the region’s close ties with Britain and Ireland (Newfoundland constituted an independent British dominion until its union with Canada in 1949) are shown to be reflected in the many linguistic features it shares with its two chief European founder varieties, southwest British English (West Country English) and southern Irish English. The volume also describes the extensive regional and social variation that characterizes Newfoundland English, and relates this to historical, geographical, demographic and social factors. It outlines how the considerable socioeconomic and cultural change experienced by the region since the mid 20th century is reflected in ongoing linguistic change. Language change is also contextualized relative to insider and outsider attitudes to local speech varieties. In addition, the volume provides illustrative speech samples, in the form of nine texts representing both contemporary and traditional regional varieties of Newfoundland and Labrador. These texts are accompanied by online audio files. It also includes a survey of published work on Newfoundland English from the late 16th century to the present.Less
This volume constitutes the first comprehensive overview of the variety of Canadian English spoken in Newfoundland and Labrador, long recognized as linguistically distinct within North America. It provides an accessible introduction to the phonetic, grammatical, lexical and discourse features of contemporary Newfoundland English, along with the speech of the province’s continental portion, Labrador. Newfoundland English is shown to be a generally conservative variety, which has preserved a number of features that have undergone attrition elsewhere. Likewise, the region’s close ties with Britain and Ireland (Newfoundland constituted an independent British dominion until its union with Canada in 1949) are shown to be reflected in the many linguistic features it shares with its two chief European founder varieties, southwest British English (West Country English) and southern Irish English. The volume also describes the extensive regional and social variation that characterizes Newfoundland English, and relates this to historical, geographical, demographic and social factors. It outlines how the considerable socioeconomic and cultural change experienced by the region since the mid 20th century is reflected in ongoing linguistic change. Language change is also contextualized relative to insider and outsider attitudes to local speech varieties. In addition, the volume provides illustrative speech samples, in the form of nine texts representing both contemporary and traditional regional varieties of Newfoundland and Labrador. These texts are accompanied by online audio files. It also includes a survey of published work on Newfoundland English from the late 16th century to the present.
Iván Llamazares and Gary Marks
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- May 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199202812
- eISBN:
- 9780191708008
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199202812.003.0006
- Subject:
- Political Science, European Union, Democratization
South European countries share a tradition of centralized government, which was reinforced by authoritarian regimes. However, democratization was accompanied by regional mobilization, particularly in ...
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South European countries share a tradition of centralized government, which was reinforced by authoritarian regimes. However, democratization was accompanied by regional mobilization, particularly in Spain, where the double pressure from the EU and empowered regional governments weakened the central state. Examples are Catalonia and the Basque Country, which have strong ethno-territorial movements that took advantage of Spain's integration into the EU. European integration provided regional actors with new avenues for mobilization. The Basque Country is subjected to a destabilizing contest between nationalists and non-nationalists, while Catalan nationalists have been more pragmatic, without loosing their assertiveness and their focus on obtaining ever greater autonomy. Survey data show that the share of Basques and Catalans who consider themselves exclusively Spanish has declined dramatically, while after 1979 the share of those who claim having balanced multiple identities has risen. While separatism has become weaker over time, European integration has strengthened territorial identities.Less
South European countries share a tradition of centralized government, which was reinforced by authoritarian regimes. However, democratization was accompanied by regional mobilization, particularly in Spain, where the double pressure from the EU and empowered regional governments weakened the central state. Examples are Catalonia and the Basque Country, which have strong ethno-territorial movements that took advantage of Spain's integration into the EU. European integration provided regional actors with new avenues for mobilization. The Basque Country is subjected to a destabilizing contest between nationalists and non-nationalists, while Catalan nationalists have been more pragmatic, without loosing their assertiveness and their focus on obtaining ever greater autonomy. Survey data show that the share of Basques and Catalans who consider themselves exclusively Spanish has declined dramatically, while after 1979 the share of those who claim having balanced multiple identities has risen. While separatism has become weaker over time, European integration has strengthened territorial identities.
Sebastian Balfour and Alejandro Quiroga
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- January 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780199206674
- eISBN:
- 9780191709791
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199206674.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History
This chapter explores the issue of national identity in Catalonia and Basque Country. Catalan identity was constructed in opposition to Castile, a region considered backward, oppressive, and ...
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This chapter explores the issue of national identity in Catalonia and Basque Country. Catalan identity was constructed in opposition to Castile, a region considered backward, oppressive, and responsible for hampering the progress of Catalonia. Yet, far from promoting secession, Catalanism advocated political autonomy while demanding Spanish protection of Catalan industry from foreign competition. Basque nationalism emerged in Bilbao in the 1890s as a reaction against modernization. Unlike Catalanism, Basque nationalism sought independence from Spain from the beginning. Since the early 1980s, Catalan and Basque nationalism began to compete with the state using the agencies of their regional governments. In some key aspects, such as the consolidation of a national historical narrative and a set of myths and symbols, regional nationalists have proved far more effective that their Spanish counterparts, strengthening their citizens' identification with Catalonia and the Basque Country. Yet contrary to their expectations, the process of nation-building did not create exclusive identities. Instead, it fostered the rise of dual identities. Devolution and nation-building policies did not undermine Spanish identity in Catalonia and the Basque Country. Instead, exclusive Spanish identities gave way to more complex levels of identification with the autonomous communities. Many of those Catalans and Basques who did not identify with their region during the transition have gradually come to do so. Thus, Spanish identity has been reinvented not just as modern and democratic but also as a dual identity, especially in Catalonia.Less
This chapter explores the issue of national identity in Catalonia and Basque Country. Catalan identity was constructed in opposition to Castile, a region considered backward, oppressive, and responsible for hampering the progress of Catalonia. Yet, far from promoting secession, Catalanism advocated political autonomy while demanding Spanish protection of Catalan industry from foreign competition. Basque nationalism emerged in Bilbao in the 1890s as a reaction against modernization. Unlike Catalanism, Basque nationalism sought independence from Spain from the beginning. Since the early 1980s, Catalan and Basque nationalism began to compete with the state using the agencies of their regional governments. In some key aspects, such as the consolidation of a national historical narrative and a set of myths and symbols, regional nationalists have proved far more effective that their Spanish counterparts, strengthening their citizens' identification with Catalonia and the Basque Country. Yet contrary to their expectations, the process of nation-building did not create exclusive identities. Instead, it fostered the rise of dual identities. Devolution and nation-building policies did not undermine Spanish identity in Catalonia and the Basque Country. Instead, exclusive Spanish identities gave way to more complex levels of identification with the autonomous communities. Many of those Catalans and Basques who did not identify with their region during the transition have gradually come to do so. Thus, Spanish identity has been reinvented not just as modern and democratic but also as a dual identity, especially in Catalonia.
Sophie Gilmartin and Rod Mengham
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748632657
- eISBN:
- 9780748651641
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748632657.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, 19th-century and Victorian Literature
This critical study of Hardy's short stories provides a thorough account of the ruling preoccupations and recurrent writing strategies of his entire corpus, as well as providing detailed readings of ...
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This critical study of Hardy's short stories provides a thorough account of the ruling preoccupations and recurrent writing strategies of his entire corpus, as well as providing detailed readings of several individual texts. It relates the formal choices imposed on Hardy as contributor to Blackwood's Magazine and other periodicals to the methods he employed to encode in fiction his troubled attitude towards the social politics of the West Country, where most of the stories are set. The book draws on the work of social historians to make clear the background of social and political unrest in Dorset at the time of Hardy's writing, and offers insights into his near-obsession with the marriage contract and its legal binding of erratic men and women. No previous criticism has shown how the powerful challenges to the reader, mounted in Hardy's later stories, reveal the complexity of his motivations during a period when he was moving progressively in the direction of exchanging fiction for poetry.Less
This critical study of Hardy's short stories provides a thorough account of the ruling preoccupations and recurrent writing strategies of his entire corpus, as well as providing detailed readings of several individual texts. It relates the formal choices imposed on Hardy as contributor to Blackwood's Magazine and other periodicals to the methods he employed to encode in fiction his troubled attitude towards the social politics of the West Country, where most of the stories are set. The book draws on the work of social historians to make clear the background of social and political unrest in Dorset at the time of Hardy's writing, and offers insights into his near-obsession with the marriage contract and its legal binding of erratic men and women. No previous criticism has shown how the powerful challenges to the reader, mounted in Hardy's later stories, reveal the complexity of his motivations during a period when he was moving progressively in the direction of exchanging fiction for poetry.
Jose Alvarez-Junco
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- July 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780719075797
- eISBN:
- 9781781701737
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719075797.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History
First published in Spanish in 2001, this book is a study of the development of Spanish national identity (‘the idea of Spain’) from the end of the eighteenth to the twentieth centuries. It breaks ...
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First published in Spanish in 2001, this book is a study of the development of Spanish national identity (‘the idea of Spain’) from the end of the eighteenth to the twentieth centuries. It breaks away from an academic obsession with the sub-nationalism of Catalonia and the Basque Country to examine the predominant form of national consciousness, against which they reacted. The book traces the emergence and evolution of an initial collective identity within the Iberian Peninsula from the Middle Ages to the end of the ancien regime based on the Catholic religion, loyalty to the Crown and Empire. The adaptation of this identity to the modern era, beginning with the Napoleonic Wars and the liberal revolutions, forms the crux of this study. None the less, the book also embraces the highly contested evolution of the national identity in the twentieth century, including both the Civil War and the Franco Dictatorship. It ranges widely over diverse subjects such as representations of the past in Spain, the role of the arts and sciences in creating national consciousness, the impact of religion and Catholic ideas, the use of cultural symbolism, and the significance of contemporary events and political movements.Less
First published in Spanish in 2001, this book is a study of the development of Spanish national identity (‘the idea of Spain’) from the end of the eighteenth to the twentieth centuries. It breaks away from an academic obsession with the sub-nationalism of Catalonia and the Basque Country to examine the predominant form of national consciousness, against which they reacted. The book traces the emergence and evolution of an initial collective identity within the Iberian Peninsula from the Middle Ages to the end of the ancien regime based on the Catholic religion, loyalty to the Crown and Empire. The adaptation of this identity to the modern era, beginning with the Napoleonic Wars and the liberal revolutions, forms the crux of this study. None the less, the book also embraces the highly contested evolution of the national identity in the twentieth century, including both the Civil War and the Franco Dictatorship. It ranges widely over diverse subjects such as representations of the past in Spain, the role of the arts and sciences in creating national consciousness, the impact of religion and Catholic ideas, the use of cultural symbolism, and the significance of contemporary events and political movements.
J. Samaine Lockwood
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781469625362
- eISBN:
- 9781469625386
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469625362.003.0003
- Subject:
- Literature, American Colonial Literature
This chapter argues that literature thought of as regionalist—works by Rose Terry Cooke, Mary Wilkins Freeman, and Sarah Orne Jewett—was self-consciously historiographical. These writers, in their ...
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This chapter argues that literature thought of as regionalist—works by Rose Terry Cooke, Mary Wilkins Freeman, and Sarah Orne Jewett—was self-consciously historiographical. These writers, in their fiction, represented unmarried women's relationship to colonial history through depicting characters' re-performance of history and their sensual engagement of historical spaces and matter (colonial houses, old-fashioned gardens, and “old” women). In addition to analyzing regionalist fiction by these authors, this chapter examines photographs Emma Lewis Coleman and Sarah Orne Jewett collaborated on for a special edition of Deephaven that never reached print. Taken together, these various works demonstrate how a notion of New England exceptionalism underwrote the New England regionalists' vision of women's queer mobility on an international stage.Less
This chapter argues that literature thought of as regionalist—works by Rose Terry Cooke, Mary Wilkins Freeman, and Sarah Orne Jewett—was self-consciously historiographical. These writers, in their fiction, represented unmarried women's relationship to colonial history through depicting characters' re-performance of history and their sensual engagement of historical spaces and matter (colonial houses, old-fashioned gardens, and “old” women). In addition to analyzing regionalist fiction by these authors, this chapter examines photographs Emma Lewis Coleman and Sarah Orne Jewett collaborated on for a special edition of Deephaven that never reached print. Taken together, these various works demonstrate how a notion of New England exceptionalism underwrote the New England regionalists' vision of women's queer mobility on an international stage.
Angela K. Bourne
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- July 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780719067501
- eISBN:
- 9781781701348
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719067501.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, European Union
How does the European Union affect devolution and nationalist conflict in member states? Does the EU reduce the scope of regional self-government or enhance it? Does it promote conflict or ...
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How does the European Union affect devolution and nationalist conflict in member states? Does the EU reduce the scope of regional self-government or enhance it? Does it promote conflict or cooperation among territorial entities? These are pressing questions in Spanish politics, where devolution has been an important tool for managing nationalist disputes, and for the Basque Country, where protracted and sometimes violent nationalist conflicts persist. Addressing these issues, this book explores prospects for an autonomous Basque role in EU politics; institutional arrangements for autonomous community participation in EU decision making; Basque government alliances with other regions and the EU's supranational bodies; EU incentives for collaboration among Basque and central state authorities; the impact of EU decisions on politically sensitive Basque competencies; and the incidence of EU issues in nationalist disputes. It presents a theoretical framework for analysing the impact of the EU on regional power.Less
How does the European Union affect devolution and nationalist conflict in member states? Does the EU reduce the scope of regional self-government or enhance it? Does it promote conflict or cooperation among territorial entities? These are pressing questions in Spanish politics, where devolution has been an important tool for managing nationalist disputes, and for the Basque Country, where protracted and sometimes violent nationalist conflicts persist. Addressing these issues, this book explores prospects for an autonomous Basque role in EU politics; institutional arrangements for autonomous community participation in EU decision making; Basque government alliances with other regions and the EU's supranational bodies; EU incentives for collaboration among Basque and central state authorities; the impact of EU decisions on politically sensitive Basque competencies; and the incidence of EU issues in nationalist disputes. It presents a theoretical framework for analysing the impact of the EU on regional power.
Robert B. Jones
- Published in print:
- 1988
- Published Online:
- July 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780807842096
- eISBN:
- 9781469616421
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9780807842096.003.0004
- Subject:
- Literature, American, 20th Century Literature
This part of the book includes the poetry by Toomer that derived from an espousal of Quaker religious philosophy. The poetry canon produced here constitutes a dramatization of consciousness, a ...
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This part of the book includes the poetry by Toomer that derived from an espousal of Quaker religious philosophy. The poetry canon produced here constitutes a dramatization of consciousness, a veritable phenomenology of the spirit. This phase came after Toomer moved to Bucks County, Pennsylvania in 1938 where he was almost immediately attracted to Quakerism.Less
This part of the book includes the poetry by Toomer that derived from an espousal of Quaker religious philosophy. The poetry canon produced here constitutes a dramatization of consciousness, a veritable phenomenology of the spirit. This phase came after Toomer moved to Bucks County, Pennsylvania in 1938 where he was almost immediately attracted to Quakerism.
Ronald D. Cohen
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9781469628813
- eISBN:
- 9781469628837
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469628813.001.0001
- Subject:
- Music, History, American
The role of folk music, broadly defined, during the trying years of the Great Depression in the United States, 1929–40, with a particular focus on the role of left-wing political groups and ...
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The role of folk music, broadly defined, during the trying years of the Great Depression in the United States, 1929–40, with a particular focus on the role of left-wing political groups and individuals. The government promoted a labor and cultural renaissance through the “alphabet stew” of federal programs, employing Charles Seeger, John and Alan Lomax, and numerous others in collecting folk music. Performers such as Woody Guthrie, Lead Belly, Pete Seeger, and many others connected vernacular music with commercial outlets such as concerts, record companies, and radio shows. Members of the Communist Party, in particular, used folk music to promote labor unions, civil rights, and a peace movement. Folk music remained a vital part of popular culture throughout the Depression years into World War II. There is a particular focus on the role that folk music played in the clash between capitalism and the emerging grassroots proletarian movements.Less
The role of folk music, broadly defined, during the trying years of the Great Depression in the United States, 1929–40, with a particular focus on the role of left-wing political groups and individuals. The government promoted a labor and cultural renaissance through the “alphabet stew” of federal programs, employing Charles Seeger, John and Alan Lomax, and numerous others in collecting folk music. Performers such as Woody Guthrie, Lead Belly, Pete Seeger, and many others connected vernacular music with commercial outlets such as concerts, record companies, and radio shows. Members of the Communist Party, in particular, used folk music to promote labor unions, civil rights, and a peace movement. Folk music remained a vital part of popular culture throughout the Depression years into World War II. There is a particular focus on the role that folk music played in the clash between capitalism and the emerging grassroots proletarian movements.
John W. Troutman
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9781469627922
- eISBN:
- 9781469627946
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469627922.001.0001
- Subject:
- Music, History, American
Since the nineteenth century, the distinct tones of kika kila, the Hawaiian steel guitar, have defined the island sound. Here historian and steel guitarist John W. Troutman offers the instrument's ...
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Since the nineteenth century, the distinct tones of kika kila, the Hawaiian steel guitar, have defined the island sound. Here historian and steel guitarist John W. Troutman offers the instrument's definitive history, from its discovery by a young Hawaiian royalist named Joseph Kekuku to its revolutionary influence on American and world music. During the early twentieth century, Hawaiian musicians traveled the globe, from tent shows in the Mississippi Delta, where they shaped the new sounds of country and the blues, to regal theaters and vaudeville stages in New York, Berlin, Kolkata, and beyond. In the process, Hawaiian guitarists recast the role of the guitar in modern life. But as Troutman explains, by the 1970s the instrument's embrace and adoption overseas also worked to challenge its cultural legitimacy in the eyes of a new generation of Hawaiian musicians. As a consequence, the indigenous instrument nearly disappeared in its homeland. Using rich musical and historical sources, including interviews with musicians and their descendants, Troutman provides the complete story of how this Native Hawaiian instrument transformed not only American music but the sounds of modern music throughout the world.Less
Since the nineteenth century, the distinct tones of kika kila, the Hawaiian steel guitar, have defined the island sound. Here historian and steel guitarist John W. Troutman offers the instrument's definitive history, from its discovery by a young Hawaiian royalist named Joseph Kekuku to its revolutionary influence on American and world music. During the early twentieth century, Hawaiian musicians traveled the globe, from tent shows in the Mississippi Delta, where they shaped the new sounds of country and the blues, to regal theaters and vaudeville stages in New York, Berlin, Kolkata, and beyond. In the process, Hawaiian guitarists recast the role of the guitar in modern life. But as Troutman explains, by the 1970s the instrument's embrace and adoption overseas also worked to challenge its cultural legitimacy in the eyes of a new generation of Hawaiian musicians. As a consequence, the indigenous instrument nearly disappeared in its homeland. Using rich musical and historical sources, including interviews with musicians and their descendants, Troutman provides the complete story of how this Native Hawaiian instrument transformed not only American music but the sounds of modern music throughout the world.
Derek Hughes
- Published in print:
- 1996
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198119746
- eISBN:
- 9780191671203
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198119746.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, Drama, 17th-century and Restoration Literature
This magisterial work forms a close critical study of all the surviving plays first written and professionally premiered in England between 1660 and 1700. The author's readable volume analyses many ...
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This magisterial work forms a close critical study of all the surviving plays first written and professionally premiered in England between 1660 and 1700. The author's readable volume analyses many texts, often in detail and for the first time, and also places them within the range of contemporary theatrical output, with its diversity of outlook and constant shifts in fashion and subject. The Country-Wife and The Man of Mode are treated not as typical ‘Restoration Comedies’ but as almost unique plays. The book also presents innovative work on the political, intellectual, and social background of the corpus, with extensive discussion of its treatment of women and the contribution of women dramatists.Less
This magisterial work forms a close critical study of all the surviving plays first written and professionally premiered in England between 1660 and 1700. The author's readable volume analyses many texts, often in detail and for the first time, and also places them within the range of contemporary theatrical output, with its diversity of outlook and constant shifts in fashion and subject. The Country-Wife and The Man of Mode are treated not as typical ‘Restoration Comedies’ but as almost unique plays. The book also presents innovative work on the political, intellectual, and social background of the corpus, with extensive discussion of its treatment of women and the contribution of women dramatists.
Philip Cooke and Kevin Morgan
- Published in print:
- 1998
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198290186
- eISBN:
- 9780191684784
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198290186.001.0001
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Innovation, Political Economy
This book explores important issues of corporate reorganization in the context of heightened global competition. Its special focus is upon how firms associate with regional milieux. Innovation is a ...
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This book explores important issues of corporate reorganization in the context of heightened global competition. Its special focus is upon how firms associate with regional milieux. Innovation is a key factor in corporate and regional economic performance and the book shows how interactive innovation based on collective learning and associative practices are becoming increasingly significant. In-depth studies of inter-firm and firm-agency interactions are presented for four European regions: Baden-Württemberg and Emilia-Romagna as accomplished regional economies; Wales and the Basque Country as learning regions. The book is theoretically informed by an evolutionary economics perspective and draws policy conclusions which emphasize the importance of decentralized industrial policy in support of both corporate and regional economic development ambitions. It concludes that the associational economy may be the ‘third way’ between state and market co-ordination of modern economies.Less
This book explores important issues of corporate reorganization in the context of heightened global competition. Its special focus is upon how firms associate with regional milieux. Innovation is a key factor in corporate and regional economic performance and the book shows how interactive innovation based on collective learning and associative practices are becoming increasingly significant. In-depth studies of inter-firm and firm-agency interactions are presented for four European regions: Baden-Württemberg and Emilia-Romagna as accomplished regional economies; Wales and the Basque Country as learning regions. The book is theoretically informed by an evolutionary economics perspective and draws policy conclusions which emphasize the importance of decentralized industrial policy in support of both corporate and regional economic development ambitions. It concludes that the associational economy may be the ‘third way’ between state and market co-ordination of modern economies.
CHRISTOPHER MORASH
- Published in print:
- 1995
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198182795
- eISBN:
- 9780191673887
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198182795.003.0008
- Subject:
- Literature, 19th-century and Victorian Literature
This chapter shows the troubled space occupied by William Carleton's writing in 19th-century Ireland. On one hand, there is mistrust and the fear of the heterodox; on the other, Carleton offers a ...
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This chapter shows the troubled space occupied by William Carleton's writing in 19th-century Ireland. On one hand, there is mistrust and the fear of the heterodox; on the other, Carleton offers a textual ‘reality’ which answers the need, so urgent in the 1840s, for authentic, ‘truthful’ representations of ‘Country Life’ which the Irish Famine was transforming out of all recognition. He was in a unique position to provide these authentic representations: and yet, in his life and in his writing, he is curiously resistant to ideological appropriation. As a young man he had considered a career in the priesthood, his earliest accounts of the Irish peasantry were in the virulently anti-Catholic style of the Christian Examiner in which they were published. He also contributed poems and journalism to the Nation, and wrote three didactic novels for ‘Library of Ireland’.Less
This chapter shows the troubled space occupied by William Carleton's writing in 19th-century Ireland. On one hand, there is mistrust and the fear of the heterodox; on the other, Carleton offers a textual ‘reality’ which answers the need, so urgent in the 1840s, for authentic, ‘truthful’ representations of ‘Country Life’ which the Irish Famine was transforming out of all recognition. He was in a unique position to provide these authentic representations: and yet, in his life and in his writing, he is curiously resistant to ideological appropriation. As a young man he had considered a career in the priesthood, his earliest accounts of the Irish peasantry were in the virulently anti-Catholic style of the Christian Examiner in which they were published. He also contributed poems and journalism to the Nation, and wrote three didactic novels for ‘Library of Ireland’.
Glenn W. LaFantasie
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195331318
- eISBN:
- 9780199851515
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195331318.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, American History: 19th Century
William C. Oates is best remembered as the Confederate officer defeated at Gettysburg's Little Round Top, losing a golden opportunity to turn the Union's flank and win the battle — and perhaps the ...
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William C. Oates is best remembered as the Confederate officer defeated at Gettysburg's Little Round Top, losing a golden opportunity to turn the Union's flank and win the battle — and perhaps the war. Oates was no moonlight-and-magnolias Southerner, as this book shows. Raised in the hard-scrabble Wiregrass Country of Alabama, he ran away from home as a teenager, roamed through Louisiana and Texas — where he took up card sharking — and finally returned to Alabama, to pull himself up by his bootstraps and become a respected attorney. During the war, he rose to the rank of colonel, served under Stonewall Jackson and Lee, was wounded six times, and lost an arm. Returning home, he launched a successful political career, becoming a seven-term congressman and ultimately governor. The author shows how, for Oates, the war never really ended — he remained devoted to the Lost Cause, and spent the rest of his life waging the political battles of Reconstruction. This is the story of Southern life before, during, and after the Civil War, based on family papers and archives.Less
William C. Oates is best remembered as the Confederate officer defeated at Gettysburg's Little Round Top, losing a golden opportunity to turn the Union's flank and win the battle — and perhaps the war. Oates was no moonlight-and-magnolias Southerner, as this book shows. Raised in the hard-scrabble Wiregrass Country of Alabama, he ran away from home as a teenager, roamed through Louisiana and Texas — where he took up card sharking — and finally returned to Alabama, to pull himself up by his bootstraps and become a respected attorney. During the war, he rose to the rank of colonel, served under Stonewall Jackson and Lee, was wounded six times, and lost an arm. Returning home, he launched a successful political career, becoming a seven-term congressman and ultimately governor. The author shows how, for Oates, the war never really ended — he remained devoted to the Lost Cause, and spent the rest of his life waging the political battles of Reconstruction. This is the story of Southern life before, during, and after the Civil War, based on family papers and archives.
Russell A. Mittermeier and William R. Konstant
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780195125788
- eISBN:
- 9780199832927
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195125789.003.0002
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental
This chapter describes biodiversity and its value to society. The concepts of biodiversity hotspots, major tropical Wilderness Areas, and Megadiversity Countries and Conservation International's ...
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This chapter describes biodiversity and its value to society. The concepts of biodiversity hotspots, major tropical Wilderness Areas, and Megadiversity Countries and Conservation International's method of setting priorities are also discussed.Less
This chapter describes biodiversity and its value to society. The concepts of biodiversity hotspots, major tropical Wilderness Areas, and Megadiversity Countries and Conservation International's method of setting priorities are also discussed.
Larry Lankton
- Published in print:
- 1993
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195083576
- eISBN:
- 9780199854158
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195083576.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, History of Science, Technology, and Medicine
Mining techniques and the underground environment changed in many fundamental ways. Mining tended to be one of the more traditional industries and change in the underground was never continuous or ...
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Mining techniques and the underground environment changed in many fundamental ways. Mining tended to be one of the more traditional industries and change in the underground was never continuous or all encompassing. Miners sank shafts that usually ran down through the copper lode itself. These shafts were multipurpose thoroughfares. Miners often produced some good copper rock while drifting, but a drift's main purpose was not to recover copper but to open up underground roadways. In the Copper Country, the term “miner” did not apply to all underground workers, but was reserved for shaft-sinkers, drifters, and stoppers who drilled and blasted rock. The successful adoption of nitroglycerine dynamite and the machine rock drill allowed miners to bring down far more rock per shift.Less
Mining techniques and the underground environment changed in many fundamental ways. Mining tended to be one of the more traditional industries and change in the underground was never continuous or all encompassing. Miners sank shafts that usually ran down through the copper lode itself. These shafts were multipurpose thoroughfares. Miners often produced some good copper rock while drifting, but a drift's main purpose was not to recover copper but to open up underground roadways. In the Copper Country, the term “miner” did not apply to all underground workers, but was reserved for shaft-sinkers, drifters, and stoppers who drilled and blasted rock. The successful adoption of nitroglycerine dynamite and the machine rock drill allowed miners to bring down far more rock per shift.
