Vivian Ibrahim
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- May 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780748670123
- eISBN:
- 9781474405973
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748670123.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, Middle East History
This chapter assesses how broad educational shifts had a tangible impact on the development of Coptic society. Lay Copts displaced the clergy as the main agents of reform, a process that had its ...
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This chapter assesses how broad educational shifts had a tangible impact on the development of Coptic society. Lay Copts displaced the clergy as the main agents of reform, a process that had its roots in broader social and educational reforms implemented by the Egyptian Khedival state, the church and later the British occupation. By 1890, this had dramatic consequences, due in part to the emergence of an urban educated, bureaucratic class, the efendiyya. Coptic efendiyya sought to challenge the patriarch and highlight the existence of oppositional voices to the church hierarchy. By utilising the press to vocalise its concerns, the Tawfiq Society [Jam‘iyyat al-Tawfiq] – a Coptic youth-led benevolent social and later political society composed of emerging effendiyya - were able to challenge the church as an alternative voice, while also promoting participation from within the community.Less
This chapter assesses how broad educational shifts had a tangible impact on the development of Coptic society. Lay Copts displaced the clergy as the main agents of reform, a process that had its roots in broader social and educational reforms implemented by the Egyptian Khedival state, the church and later the British occupation. By 1890, this had dramatic consequences, due in part to the emergence of an urban educated, bureaucratic class, the efendiyya. Coptic efendiyya sought to challenge the patriarch and highlight the existence of oppositional voices to the church hierarchy. By utilising the press to vocalise its concerns, the Tawfiq Society [Jam‘iyyat al-Tawfiq] – a Coptic youth-led benevolent social and later political society composed of emerging effendiyya - were able to challenge the church as an alternative voice, while also promoting participation from within the community.
Samir Simaika and Nevine Henein
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- January 2018
- ISBN:
- 9789774168239
- eISBN:
- 9781617978265
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- American University in Cairo Press
- DOI:
- 10.5743/cairo/9789774168239.003.0009
- Subject:
- Archaeology, Historical Archaeology
This chapter discusses Marcus Simaika's relationship with the Coptic patriarchs of his time as a member, then vice president, of the Coptic Community Council (Majlis al-Milli) for thirty-nine ...
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This chapter discusses Marcus Simaika's relationship with the Coptic patriarchs of his time as a member, then vice president, of the Coptic Community Council (Majlis al-Milli) for thirty-nine consecutive years. In his attempts to start a Coptic museum, which needed patriarchal approval, Simaika fought many battles and used much diplomacy and compromise in his dealings with the Coptic hierarchy. The full title of the patriarch, the leader of the Coptic Orthodox Church, is “Pope and Lord Archbishop of the Great City of Alexandria and Patriarch of all Africa on the Holy Orthodox and Apostolic Throne of Saint Mark the Evangelist, Holy Apostle and Martyr, that is in Egypt, Pentapolis, Libya, Nubia, Sudan, Ethiopia, Eritrea, and all Africa.” These patriarchs include Cyril IV, Cyril V, and Yohannes XIX.Less
This chapter discusses Marcus Simaika's relationship with the Coptic patriarchs of his time as a member, then vice president, of the Coptic Community Council (Majlis al-Milli) for thirty-nine consecutive years. In his attempts to start a Coptic museum, which needed patriarchal approval, Simaika fought many battles and used much diplomacy and compromise in his dealings with the Coptic hierarchy. The full title of the patriarch, the leader of the Coptic Orthodox Church, is “Pope and Lord Archbishop of the Great City of Alexandria and Patriarch of all Africa on the Holy Orthodox and Apostolic Throne of Saint Mark the Evangelist, Holy Apostle and Martyr, that is in Egypt, Pentapolis, Libya, Nubia, Sudan, Ethiopia, Eritrea, and all Africa.” These patriarchs include Cyril IV, Cyril V, and Yohannes XIX.
