Mark Casson
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780198297802
- eISBN:
- 9780191596063
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198297807.001.0001
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Microeconomics
Offers a vision of the economy as a system of structured information flow. The structuring is effected by institutions, and in particular, by firms, which specialize in processing the information ...
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Offers a vision of the economy as a system of structured information flow. The structuring is effected by institutions, and in particular, by firms, which specialize in processing the information needed to allocate resources properly. Market‐making firms that intermediate between producers and consumers by developing brands, are particularly important in this respect. Firms are the institutional embodiment of the visions of the entrepreneurs who found them. Firms grow and decline, creating a highly flexible structure of information processing in society, which evolves and adapts as circumstances change. The book uses these general concepts to analyse the historical development of a number of specialist information subsystems, including business networks, industrial districts, and trading empires.Less
Offers a vision of the economy as a system of structured information flow. The structuring is effected by institutions, and in particular, by firms, which specialize in processing the information needed to allocate resources properly. Market‐making firms that intermediate between producers and consumers by developing brands, are particularly important in this respect. Firms are the institutional embodiment of the visions of the entrepreneurs who found them. Firms grow and decline, creating a highly flexible structure of information processing in society, which evolves and adapts as circumstances change. The book uses these general concepts to analyse the historical development of a number of specialist information subsystems, including business networks, industrial districts, and trading empires.
Maurizio Ferrara
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- February 2006
- ISBN:
- 9780199284665
- eISBN:
- 9780191603273
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199284660.003.0007
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Economy
This chapter presents a map describing the new spatial architecture of social protection in the European Union resulting from free movement and competition rules, and their effects on traditional ...
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This chapter presents a map describing the new spatial architecture of social protection in the European Union resulting from free movement and competition rules, and their effects on traditional welfare state boundaries. The destructuring consequences of the new boundary configuration are discussed, with specific reference to pensions systems and the issue of migration. The chapter concludes by highlighting the margins of manoeuvre for a possible “nesting” of nation-based forms of social protection in a wider EU space, capable of promoting adaptation and reform, while upholding at the same time the basic pre-conditions for maintaining adequate levels of social protection.Less
This chapter presents a map describing the new spatial architecture of social protection in the European Union resulting from free movement and competition rules, and their effects on traditional welfare state boundaries. The destructuring consequences of the new boundary configuration are discussed, with specific reference to pensions systems and the issue of migration. The chapter concludes by highlighting the margins of manoeuvre for a possible “nesting” of nation-based forms of social protection in a wider EU space, capable of promoting adaptation and reform, while upholding at the same time the basic pre-conditions for maintaining adequate levels of social protection.
Bruno Palier and Philippe Pochet
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- February 2006
- ISBN:
- 9780199283958
- eISBN:
- 9780191603297
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199283958.003.0011
- Subject:
- Political Science, European Union
The achievements in European social policy are generally considered weak at best. The European Union’s apparent liberal and supply-side bias lends credence to the idea of a convergence towards the ...
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The achievements in European social policy are generally considered weak at best. The European Union’s apparent liberal and supply-side bias lends credence to the idea of a convergence towards the ‘hegemonic American model’. Yet employment policies and social protection policies have been formally included in European competencies under a specific procedure, the ‘Open Method of Coordination’. The unintended consequence of European economic and monetary integration is that different European organizations now compete for competence in the growing EU social field. This leads to considerable innovation in policy orientation and practices.Less
The achievements in European social policy are generally considered weak at best. The European Union’s apparent liberal and supply-side bias lends credence to the idea of a convergence towards the ‘hegemonic American model’. Yet employment policies and social protection policies have been formally included in European competencies under a specific procedure, the ‘Open Method of Coordination’. The unintended consequence of European economic and monetary integration is that different European organizations now compete for competence in the growing EU social field. This leads to considerable innovation in policy orientation and practices.
Marc Flandreau
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- August 2004
- ISBN:
- 9780199257867
- eISBN:
- 9780191601279
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199257868.003.0002
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Economic History
Chapter 1 describes the international monetary landscape between 1848 and 1873. The prominent role of bullion is emphasized. It also reviews existing theories of the operation of a bimetallic system. ...
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Chapter 1 describes the international monetary landscape between 1848 and 1873. The prominent role of bullion is emphasized. It also reviews existing theories of the operation of a bimetallic system. The main point is that a bimetallic system rests on bimetallic arbitrage: agents will buy the depreciating metal and sell the appreciating one, herby stabilizing their relative value. This suggest that it is key to study the actual operation of bimetallic arbitrage.Less
Chapter 1 describes the international monetary landscape between 1848 and 1873. The prominent role of bullion is emphasized. It also reviews existing theories of the operation of a bimetallic system. The main point is that a bimetallic system rests on bimetallic arbitrage: agents will buy the depreciating metal and sell the appreciating one, herby stabilizing their relative value. This suggest that it is key to study the actual operation of bimetallic arbitrage.
Kenneth A. Armstrong
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199278374
- eISBN:
- 9780191594861
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199278374.003.0002
- Subject:
- Law, EU Law
Since 2000, EU interventions to combat poverty and social exclusion have centred around the emergence of a novel technique of EU governance: the Open Method of Coordination. It is argued that the ...
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Since 2000, EU interventions to combat poverty and social exclusion have centred around the emergence of a novel technique of EU governance: the Open Method of Coordination. It is argued that the desire to study ‘the OMC’ and to compare it to other EU governance tools has given policy coordination an overly singular identity. This chapter deconstructs this technique in order to render its identity more ambiguous and more fluid than scholars have often been prepared to admit. It is suggested that different rationales, modes, and philosophies underpin coordination processes with significant implications for the role of the OMC as a medium of either ‘top-down’ or ‘bottom-up’ benchmarking. In turn, this has implications for the tolerance of policy autonomy and the pursuit of policy convergence. Moreover, there is a central ambiguity as to whether the objective of policy coordination is governance through influence or a form of ‘dynamic accountability’.Less
Since 2000, EU interventions to combat poverty and social exclusion have centred around the emergence of a novel technique of EU governance: the Open Method of Coordination. It is argued that the desire to study ‘the OMC’ and to compare it to other EU governance tools has given policy coordination an overly singular identity. This chapter deconstructs this technique in order to render its identity more ambiguous and more fluid than scholars have often been prepared to admit. It is suggested that different rationales, modes, and philosophies underpin coordination processes with significant implications for the role of the OMC as a medium of either ‘top-down’ or ‘bottom-up’ benchmarking. In turn, this has implications for the tolerance of policy autonomy and the pursuit of policy convergence. Moreover, there is a central ambiguity as to whether the objective of policy coordination is governance through influence or a form of ‘dynamic accountability’.
Karen Anderson
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199583188
- eISBN:
- 9780191594502
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199583188.003.0011
- Subject:
- Law, Constitutional and Administrative Law, EU Law
This chapter investigates the ways in which European integration is shaping the development of national pension systems in the EU. It begins with a brief discussion of the variable forms of ...
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This chapter investigates the ways in which European integration is shaping the development of national pension systems in the EU. It begins with a brief discussion of the variable forms of solidarity embedded in national pension systems. It then discusses the three core components of the EU's emerging pensions paradigm: the Open Method of Coordination (OMC) process as applied to pensions, the recently adopted Occupational Pension Fund Directive, and the proposed Directive on pension portability. This includes discussion of some of the consequences of EU pension policy in Germany and the Netherlands. The concluding section discusses the implications of the analysis for the future of social solidarity in the EU.Less
This chapter investigates the ways in which European integration is shaping the development of national pension systems in the EU. It begins with a brief discussion of the variable forms of solidarity embedded in national pension systems. It then discusses the three core components of the EU's emerging pensions paradigm: the Open Method of Coordination (OMC) process as applied to pensions, the recently adopted Occupational Pension Fund Directive, and the proposed Directive on pension portability. This includes discussion of some of the consequences of EU pension policy in Germany and the Netherlands. The concluding section discusses the implications of the analysis for the future of social solidarity in the EU.
Bettina Lange and Nafsika Alexiadou
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199583188
- eISBN:
- 9780191594502
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199583188.003.0012
- Subject:
- Law, Constitutional and Administrative Law, EU Law
This chapter focuses on policy learning, one specific aspect of the governance process that contributes to the building of a European Social Model (ESM). It starts from the assumption that if we want ...
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This chapter focuses on policy learning, one specific aspect of the governance process that contributes to the building of a European Social Model (ESM). It starts from the assumption that if we want to understand what forms of solidarity develop in the EU it is important, first of all, to understand the governance processes through which a social dimension of the EU is established. The chapter traces how the construction of discourses about policy learning within institutional frameworks comes to govern education in the EU. It argues, firstly, that policy learning contributes to EU governance in education through four distinct policy learning styles: mutual, competitive, surface, and imperialistic learning. Secondly, it suggests that policy learning contributes to governance because it is not a separate and discrete strategy but is embedded in already established governance regimes, such as the use of expert knowledge.Less
This chapter focuses on policy learning, one specific aspect of the governance process that contributes to the building of a European Social Model (ESM). It starts from the assumption that if we want to understand what forms of solidarity develop in the EU it is important, first of all, to understand the governance processes through which a social dimension of the EU is established. The chapter traces how the construction of discourses about policy learning within institutional frameworks comes to govern education in the EU. It argues, firstly, that policy learning contributes to EU governance in education through four distinct policy learning styles: mutual, competitive, surface, and imperialistic learning. Secondly, it suggests that policy learning contributes to governance because it is not a separate and discrete strategy but is embedded in already established governance regimes, such as the use of expert knowledge.
Mario Amendola and Jean‐Luc Gaffard
- Published in print:
- 1998
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780198293804
- eISBN:
- 9780191595851
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198293801.003.0008
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Macro- and Monetary Economics
In this chapter specific processes of economic change are analysed by means of simulations of the model that formalizes the out‐of‐equilibrium analytical framework proposed. In particular, processes ...
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In this chapter specific processes of economic change are analysed by means of simulations of the model that formalizes the out‐of‐equilibrium analytical framework proposed. In particular, processes of change resulting from changes in technology, changes in skills, changes in expectations, and monetary shocks are considered. The analysis carried out shows that the viability of the change undertaken depends on the capacity to re‐establish the intertemporal complementarity of the production process and the intertemporal coherence of the decision process disturbed by the shock originating the process of change. This depends, in turn, on interventions assuring the availability of the required productive resources at the right moment, and the proper working of market mechanisms as represented by price and wage determination regimes.Less
In this chapter specific processes of economic change are analysed by means of simulations of the model that formalizes the out‐of‐equilibrium analytical framework proposed. In particular, processes of change resulting from changes in technology, changes in skills, changes in expectations, and monetary shocks are considered. The analysis carried out shows that the viability of the change undertaken depends on the capacity to re‐establish the intertemporal complementarity of the production process and the intertemporal coherence of the decision process disturbed by the shock originating the process of change. This depends, in turn, on interventions assuring the availability of the required productive resources at the right moment, and the proper working of market mechanisms as represented by price and wage determination regimes.
Mark Casson
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780198297802
- eISBN:
- 9780191596063
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198297807.003.0002
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Microeconomics
Hayek's and Richardson's views of coordination are discussed. Coordination is effected by information systems. A schematic procedure for mapping information flows is introduced. It is used to ...
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Hayek's and Richardson's views of coordination are discussed. Coordination is effected by information systems. A schematic procedure for mapping information flows is introduced. It is used to represent some of the most important features of information flows within an advanced economy.Less
Hayek's and Richardson's views of coordination are discussed. Coordination is effected by information systems. A schematic procedure for mapping information flows is introduced. It is used to represent some of the most important features of information flows within an advanced economy.
Mark Freedland, Paul Craig, Catherine Jacqueson, and Nicola Kountouris
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199233489
- eISBN:
- 9780191716324
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199233489.003.0004
- Subject:
- Law, EU Law, Employment Law
This chapter analyses the various instruments that shape and regulate public services in Europe, with a particular focus on those instruments affecting social public services and employment services. ...
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This chapter analyses the various instruments that shape and regulate public services in Europe, with a particular focus on those instruments affecting social public services and employment services. It is suggested that public services, and employment services in particular, are placed in the midst of an extremely complex regulatory web composed by both traditional, hard law, instruments and by more reflexive and soft forms of regulation, ranging from policy Guidelines elaborated within the OMC framework, to funding arrangements provided by the European Social Fund. Crucially, this regulatory web is both woven at a supranational level and at a national and, sometimes, sub-national level and is inspired by both social and economic concerns. A visible trend is the growing role played by private and contractual modes of regulation, most obviously in the relationship between public services, private contractors/providers, and individual users.Less
This chapter analyses the various instruments that shape and regulate public services in Europe, with a particular focus on those instruments affecting social public services and employment services. It is suggested that public services, and employment services in particular, are placed in the midst of an extremely complex regulatory web composed by both traditional, hard law, instruments and by more reflexive and soft forms of regulation, ranging from policy Guidelines elaborated within the OMC framework, to funding arrangements provided by the European Social Fund. Crucially, this regulatory web is both woven at a supranational level and at a national and, sometimes, sub-national level and is inspired by both social and economic concerns. A visible trend is the growing role played by private and contractual modes of regulation, most obviously in the relationship between public services, private contractors/providers, and individual users.
Mark Mason
- Published in print:
- 1997
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198292647
- eISBN:
- 9780191684937
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198292647.003.0005
- Subject:
- Business and Management, International Business, Political Economy
The great surge of Japanese FDI in the late 1980s provoked powerful fears among many in the banking sector of the unifying European community. Japanese multinationals had mounted major challenges to ...
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The great surge of Japanese FDI in the late 1980s provoked powerful fears among many in the banking sector of the unifying European community. Japanese multinationals had mounted major challenges to EC automobile and consumer electronics manufacturers in Community markets. To explore these and related issues, this chapter examines in particular the creation of relevant portions of the Second Banking Coordination Directive (2BCD), the central piece of legislation which dealt not only with matters of internal financial integration, but also with the entry and operation of Japanese and other non-EC banks in the Community after 1992. This chapter first examines certain salient characteristics of the EC banking industry together with the development of Japanese banks in Europe evoking EC policy responses. Next, the process of crafting key provisions of the 2BCD as well as resulting outcomes and denouements is examined. Finally, this chapter compares and contrasts European and American policies towards their respective Japanese banking challenges.Less
The great surge of Japanese FDI in the late 1980s provoked powerful fears among many in the banking sector of the unifying European community. Japanese multinationals had mounted major challenges to EC automobile and consumer electronics manufacturers in Community markets. To explore these and related issues, this chapter examines in particular the creation of relevant portions of the Second Banking Coordination Directive (2BCD), the central piece of legislation which dealt not only with matters of internal financial integration, but also with the entry and operation of Japanese and other non-EC banks in the Community after 1992. This chapter first examines certain salient characteristics of the EC banking industry together with the development of Japanese banks in Europe evoking EC policy responses. Next, the process of crafting key provisions of the 2BCD as well as resulting outcomes and denouements is examined. Finally, this chapter compares and contrasts European and American policies towards their respective Japanese banking challenges.
Patrick O’Leary
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780231171182
- eISBN:
- 9780231540070
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231171182.003.0012
- Subject:
- Law, Medical Law
The federal government's approach to enforcement in the biomedical industry—emphasizing massive fines and restrictive corporate integrity agreements—has proven ineffective as a deterrent to ...
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The federal government's approach to enforcement in the biomedical industry—emphasizing massive fines and restrictive corporate integrity agreements—has proven ineffective as a deterrent to misconduct. While one way to bridge this deterrence gap is by holding individual corporate officers accountable, it is vital that the agencies doing so use their authority responsibly, consistently, and in accordance with common principles emphasizing, above all, the public-health mission that justifies such authority in the first place.Less
The federal government's approach to enforcement in the biomedical industry—emphasizing massive fines and restrictive corporate integrity agreements—has proven ineffective as a deterrent to misconduct. While one way to bridge this deterrence gap is by holding individual corporate officers accountable, it is vital that the agencies doing so use their authority responsibly, consistently, and in accordance with common principles emphasizing, above all, the public-health mission that justifies such authority in the first place.
Assaf Razin
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780262028592
- eISBN:
- 9780262327701
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262028592.003.0005
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, International
Depository institutions, including banks, investment banks, hedge funds, and so forth, are inherently unstable because they have a mismatch in maturity between the term structure of assets and ...
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Depository institutions, including banks, investment banks, hedge funds, and so forth, are inherently unstable because they have a mismatch in maturity between the term structure of assets and liabilities.In particular, they typically finance long-term investments with shortterm deposits. This exposes banks to the risk of bank runs: When many depositors demand their money in the short term, banks will have to liquidate long-term investments at a loss, leading to their failure.The chapter reviews the analytics of the fragile bank like institutions.Less
Depository institutions, including banks, investment banks, hedge funds, and so forth, are inherently unstable because they have a mismatch in maturity between the term structure of assets and liabilities.In particular, they typically finance long-term investments with shortterm deposits. This exposes banks to the risk of bank runs: When many depositors demand their money in the short term, banks will have to liquidate long-term investments at a loss, leading to their failure.The chapter reviews the analytics of the fragile bank like institutions.
Sandra Fredman
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199272761
- eISBN:
- 9780191709814
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199272761.003.0007
- Subject:
- Law, Human Rights and Immigration
This chapter examines non-justiciable compliance mechanisms. Drawing on regulatory theory, it argues that such mechanisms should move away from a fault-based notion, to focus on the body in the best ...
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This chapter examines non-justiciable compliance mechanisms. Drawing on regulatory theory, it argues that such mechanisms should move away from a fault-based notion, to focus on the body in the best position to bring about change. Rather than leaving enforcement to the ad hoc initiative of an individual, it aims to stimulate an internalization of the validity of human rights obligations. Sanctions or penalties are utilized only as the fall-back. Also of key importance is the involvement of stakeholders and others. The chapter also considers the risk that positive human rights duties might become severed from their roots as fundamental human rights and merge with policy-making. The chapter then considers possible applications of these theoretical insights, with a focus on the EU's Open Method of Coordination; reporting mechanisms, and human rights commissions. It concludes by constructing a ‘synergistic’ approach in which political, judicial, and non-judicial mechanisms work together to produce positive outcomes.Less
This chapter examines non-justiciable compliance mechanisms. Drawing on regulatory theory, it argues that such mechanisms should move away from a fault-based notion, to focus on the body in the best position to bring about change. Rather than leaving enforcement to the ad hoc initiative of an individual, it aims to stimulate an internalization of the validity of human rights obligations. Sanctions or penalties are utilized only as the fall-back. Also of key importance is the involvement of stakeholders and others. The chapter also considers the risk that positive human rights duties might become severed from their roots as fundamental human rights and merge with policy-making. The chapter then considers possible applications of these theoretical insights, with a focus on the EU's Open Method of Coordination; reporting mechanisms, and human rights commissions. It concludes by constructing a ‘synergistic’ approach in which political, judicial, and non-judicial mechanisms work together to produce positive outcomes.
Pauline Allen, Kath Checkland, Stephen Peckham, and Valerie Moran
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781447346111
- eISBN:
- 9781447346319
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447346111.003.0009
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health
Chapter 9 draws together key themes arising from the book about issues raised by commissioning in the context of a quasi-market for healthcare in the English NHS, such as governance and ...
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Chapter 9 draws together key themes arising from the book about issues raised by commissioning in the context of a quasi-market for healthcare in the English NHS, such as governance and accountability, clinical engagement, co-ordination and fragmentation. The chapter presents an overview of how commissioning in health and healthcare has developed since 2010 and what the implications are for the future in the light of recent developments moving away from market style mechanisms to forms of local collaborative planning.Less
Chapter 9 draws together key themes arising from the book about issues raised by commissioning in the context of a quasi-market for healthcare in the English NHS, such as governance and accountability, clinical engagement, co-ordination and fragmentation. The chapter presents an overview of how commissioning in health and healthcare has developed since 2010 and what the implications are for the future in the light of recent developments moving away from market style mechanisms to forms of local collaborative planning.
Cathie Jo Martin
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199599431
- eISBN:
- 9780191731518
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199599431.003.0002
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Knowledge Management
This chapter investigates the emergence of divergent collective vocational training systems in the early twentieth century and identifies how political structures mediated changing demands for skills ...
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This chapter investigates the emergence of divergent collective vocational training systems in the early twentieth century and identifies how political structures mediated changing demands for skills training. Variations within vocational training systems reflect two features of the state—the structure of party systems and degree of federalism—as these had a crucial impact on employers’ organizational capacities for collective action. Divergent patterns of association had implications for the alliances between diverse economic actors in policy battles and for the ways that internal splits between employers were resolved. The structure of association informed the political expression of these cleavages and had bearing on the struggles over vocational training systems by influencing the capacity of employers to overcome their sectoral divisions, to engage in associational oversight of the content of skills training in both apprenticeships and school-based instruction, and to produce industry-specific portable skills.Less
This chapter investigates the emergence of divergent collective vocational training systems in the early twentieth century and identifies how political structures mediated changing demands for skills training. Variations within vocational training systems reflect two features of the state—the structure of party systems and degree of federalism—as these had a crucial impact on employers’ organizational capacities for collective action. Divergent patterns of association had implications for the alliances between diverse economic actors in policy battles and for the ways that internal splits between employers were resolved. The structure of association informed the political expression of these cleavages and had bearing on the struggles over vocational training systems by influencing the capacity of employers to overcome their sectoral divisions, to engage in associational oversight of the content of skills training in both apprenticeships and school-based instruction, and to produce industry-specific portable skills.
Vassilis Hatzopoulos
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199572663
- eISBN:
- 9780191738067
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199572663.003.0008
- Subject:
- Law, EU Law
This chapter turns to non-regulatory means of regulating services, such as the Open Method of Coordination, the powers given to various EU agencies, to national regulatory authorities, and to ...
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This chapter turns to non-regulatory means of regulating services, such as the Open Method of Coordination, the powers given to various EU agencies, to national regulatory authorities, and to networks thereof.Less
This chapter turns to non-regulatory means of regulating services, such as the Open Method of Coordination, the powers given to various EU agencies, to national regulatory authorities, and to networks thereof.
Kristin Kanthak and George A. Krause
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199891726
- eISBN:
- 9780199933433
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199891726.003.0006
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
This chapter explores the use of legislative member organizations, or caucuses, as catalysts for the type of coordination that was shown in the previous chapter to be beneficial for minority group ...
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This chapter explores the use of legislative member organizations, or caucuses, as catalysts for the type of coordination that was shown in the previous chapter to be beneficial for minority group members. The chapter posits the conditional coordination hypothesis, whereby minority groups receive the greatest benefits of coordination when their group size is neither too large nor too small. Drawing on a negative binomial regression estimation procedure, this chapter finds evidence that the presence of women’s caucuses in U.S. state legislatures are associated with a greater number of women serving as committee chairs. Specifically, having a formal women’s caucus unconditionally results in a greater number of committee chairs in lower chambers. In upper chambers, the results are conditioned on the group size: In keeping with the conditional coordination hypothesis, groups of moderate size receive the greatest benefit from having women’s caucuses, both of a formal and an informal nature.Less
This chapter explores the use of legislative member organizations, or caucuses, as catalysts for the type of coordination that was shown in the previous chapter to be beneficial for minority group members. The chapter posits the conditional coordination hypothesis, whereby minority groups receive the greatest benefits of coordination when their group size is neither too large nor too small. Drawing on a negative binomial regression estimation procedure, this chapter finds evidence that the presence of women’s caucuses in U.S. state legislatures are associated with a greater number of women serving as committee chairs. Specifically, having a formal women’s caucus unconditionally results in a greater number of committee chairs in lower chambers. In upper chambers, the results are conditioned on the group size: In keeping with the conditional coordination hypothesis, groups of moderate size receive the greatest benefit from having women’s caucuses, both of a formal and an informal nature.
Herwig C.H. Hofmann, Gerard C. Rowe, and Alexander H. TÜrk
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199286485
- eISBN:
- 9780191730894
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199286485.003.0009
- Subject:
- Law, EU Law, Constitutional and Administrative Law
This chapter discusses the organizational forms central to European administrative governance. It sets out the central features of these forms, their rationale(s) and, wherever possible, offers an ...
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This chapter discusses the organizational forms central to European administrative governance. It sets out the central features of these forms, their rationale(s) and, wherever possible, offers an assessment of the issues which they raise in terms of legitimacy and accountability. Specifically, it considers comitology, European agencies, various forms of European networks for administrative governance, the Open Method of Coordination, and organizational forms in which private parties play a dominant role.Less
This chapter discusses the organizational forms central to European administrative governance. It sets out the central features of these forms, their rationale(s) and, wherever possible, offers an assessment of the issues which they raise in terms of legitimacy and accountability. Specifically, it considers comitology, European agencies, various forms of European networks for administrative governance, the Open Method of Coordination, and organizational forms in which private parties play a dominant role.
John Finnis
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199580088
- eISBN:
- 9780191729409
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199580088.003.0004
- Subject:
- Law, Philosophy of Law
This chapter responds to Joseph Raz's response to the discussion of law's moral authority, particularly to his claim that it begged the question (argued in a vicious circle). But it does so by ...
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This chapter responds to Joseph Raz's response to the discussion of law's moral authority, particularly to his claim that it begged the question (argued in a vicious circle). But it does so by surveying the structure of coordination problems in the broad sense employed also by Raz and others, in which the game-theoretical, narrow concept of Coordination Problems is only one variant among many others (such as, at the opposite extreme, Prisoners' Dilemma Problems). The differentiation draws, as in Natural Law and Natural Rights, on Edna Ullmann-Margalit. It allows the retention of the game-theoretical concept of salience, and shows that the ‘procedural’ features of the Rule of Law are integral to law's salience as a scheme for cooperation for common good.Less
This chapter responds to Joseph Raz's response to the discussion of law's moral authority, particularly to his claim that it begged the question (argued in a vicious circle). But it does so by surveying the structure of coordination problems in the broad sense employed also by Raz and others, in which the game-theoretical, narrow concept of Coordination Problems is only one variant among many others (such as, at the opposite extreme, Prisoners' Dilemma Problems). The differentiation draws, as in Natural Law and Natural Rights, on Edna Ullmann-Margalit. It allows the retention of the game-theoretical concept of salience, and shows that the ‘procedural’ features of the Rule of Law are integral to law's salience as a scheme for cooperation for common good.
