Paul Fabian Mullen
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780198297574
- eISBN:
- 9780191598982
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198297572.003.0013
- Subject:
- Political Science, European Union
This chapter examines the impact of EU enlargement on the Translation Services of the Court of Justice of the European Communities. The Translation Service is already struggling with stagnating ...
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This chapter examines the impact of EU enlargement on the Translation Services of the Court of Justice of the European Communities. The Translation Service is already struggling with stagnating resources and an ever-increasing workload. Eastward enlargement will not only amplify existing problems, but create new ones.Less
This chapter examines the impact of EU enlargement on the Translation Services of the Court of Justice of the European Communities. The Translation Service is already struggling with stagnating resources and an ever-increasing workload. Eastward enlargement will not only amplify existing problems, but create new ones.
William Wallace
- Published in print:
- 1996
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780198280354
- eISBN:
- 9780191599422
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198280351.003.0013
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics
The European Communities were built around a series of committees. The central tension was between the Council of Ministers and its substructure of intergovernmental committees and the European ...
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The European Communities were built around a series of committees. The central tension was between the Council of Ministers and its substructure of intergovernmental committees and the European Commission and its committees of experts. The resulting ‘comitology’ sought to replace conflicts of national interest by functional consensus. While this type of decision‐making facilitates business interest group influence, it reduces that of parliaments and political parties. As controversial issues increasingly supplement technical ones, committee government is decreasingly sustainable in a multi‐level political system.Less
The European Communities were built around a series of committees. The central tension was between the Council of Ministers and its substructure of intergovernmental committees and the European Commission and its committees of experts. The resulting ‘comitology’ sought to replace conflicts of national interest by functional consensus. While this type of decision‐making facilitates business interest group influence, it reduces that of parliaments and political parties. As controversial issues increasingly supplement technical ones, committee government is decreasingly sustainable in a multi‐level political system.
Stephen Macedo
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- January 2005
- ISBN:
- 9780199253661
- eISBN:
- 9780191601972
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199253668.003.0016
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
The essays in Part III of the book, on liberal constraints and traditionalist education, argue for a more regulatory conception of liberal education and emphasize the need for some controls over ...
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The essays in Part III of the book, on liberal constraints and traditionalist education, argue for a more regulatory conception of liberal education and emphasize the need for some controls over cultural and religious educational authority. In the last chapter, on liberalism and group rights, according to Stephen Macedo, while the commitment of liberalism to individual freedom and equality is far more easily reconciled with group-based remedies for group-based inequalities than the critics of liberalism allow, the liberal commitment to freedom of association imposes limits on group recognition by insisting on intragroup openness and diversity. The chapter has two main parts. Section 15.1, Liberalism, Education, and Group Identities, rebuts the charge that a liberal public philosophy embraces a narrow individualism that is incompatible with tackling group-based forms of inequality, and surveys some of the myriad liberal reforms of the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s that promoted more equal respect for differing group identities, especially in schools. Section 15.2, Special Exemptions and the Rights of Traditional Communities, focuses on the difficulties raised by “traditionalistic” groups that seek special accommodations in part because they reject liberal values of equal freedom for all, and makes the point that a liberal regime should not seek to be equally hospitable or accommodating to groups that accept and those that reject educational policies designed to promote the equal freedom of all persons; various examples are presented and discussed.Less
The essays in Part III of the book, on liberal constraints and traditionalist education, argue for a more regulatory conception of liberal education and emphasize the need for some controls over cultural and religious educational authority. In the last chapter, on liberalism and group rights, according to Stephen Macedo, while the commitment of liberalism to individual freedom and equality is far more easily reconciled with group-based remedies for group-based inequalities than the critics of liberalism allow, the liberal commitment to freedom of association imposes limits on group recognition by insisting on intragroup openness and diversity. The chapter has two main parts. Section 15.1, Liberalism, Education, and Group Identities, rebuts the charge that a liberal public philosophy embraces a narrow individualism that is incompatible with tackling group-based forms of inequality, and surveys some of the myriad liberal reforms of the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s that promoted more equal respect for differing group identities, especially in schools. Section 15.2, Special Exemptions and the Rights of Traditional Communities, focuses on the difficulties raised by “traditionalistic” groups that seek special accommodations in part because they reject liberal values of equal freedom for all, and makes the point that a liberal regime should not seek to be equally hospitable or accommodating to groups that accept and those that reject educational policies designed to promote the equal freedom of all persons; various examples are presented and discussed.
Paul Seaward and Paul Silk
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780197263198
- eISBN:
- 9780191734755
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197263198.003.0005
- Subject:
- Political Science, UK Politics
This chapter examines the history of the House of Commons in Great Britain, discussing the nineteenth- and twentieth-century legacy of the House of Commons. It reveals that, by the end of the ...
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This chapter examines the history of the House of Commons in Great Britain, discussing the nineteenth- and twentieth-century legacy of the House of Commons. It reveals that, by the end of the twentieth century, the prestige and pre-eminence which Parliament possessed at its beginning was clearly no more. The first signs of a retreat from the principle of parliamentary sovereignty was the passage of the European Communities Act and the Factortame case.Less
This chapter examines the history of the House of Commons in Great Britain, discussing the nineteenth- and twentieth-century legacy of the House of Commons. It reveals that, by the end of the twentieth century, the prestige and pre-eminence which Parliament possessed at its beginning was clearly no more. The first signs of a retreat from the principle of parliamentary sovereignty was the passage of the European Communities Act and the Factortame case.
Trude Maurer
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195171648
- eISBN:
- 9780199871346
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195171648.003.0024
- Subject:
- History, European Early Modern History
This chapter discusses the revival of Jewish culture in general, and also more specifically in the Jewish Communities and religious life during the Weimar Republic. Large segments of German Jewry ...
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This chapter discusses the revival of Jewish culture in general, and also more specifically in the Jewish Communities and religious life during the Weimar Republic. Large segments of German Jewry returned to religion after the major break of January 30, 1933, but this did not last. The Jewish holidays, celebrated mostly within the family until then, started gaining social and community significance, strengthening group consciousness, as greater emphasis was placed on holidays that had previously carried minor importance. With their comprehensive practical relief efforts in the initial years of the Nazi regime, the Jewish Communities became the center of Jewish life.Less
This chapter discusses the revival of Jewish culture in general, and also more specifically in the Jewish Communities and religious life during the Weimar Republic. Large segments of German Jewry returned to religion after the major break of January 30, 1933, but this did not last. The Jewish holidays, celebrated mostly within the family until then, started gaining social and community significance, strengthening group consciousness, as greater emphasis was placed on holidays that had previously carried minor importance. With their comprehensive practical relief efforts in the initial years of the Nazi regime, the Jewish Communities became the center of Jewish life.
Simon Bulmer and Martin Burch
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- July 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780719055157
- eISBN:
- 9781781701928
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719055157.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, European Union
It is some thirty-five years since the United Kingdom joined what is now called the European Union. What has been the impact of the EU on UK central government? Has it been transformed or merely ...
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It is some thirty-five years since the United Kingdom joined what is now called the European Union. What has been the impact of the EU on UK central government? Has it been transformed or merely adapted to new pressures and requirements? This book explores the ‘Europeanisation’ of the work of civil servants and ministers and how they engage with the EU. Drawing on fresh empirical evidence—including interviews with over 200 serving and retired officials and ministers—it offers a comprehensive analysis of the spreading impact of European integration across government. The study is placed in the context of political divisions over the European Union but the book outlines the often neglected way in which the EU has transformed the business of government. This account charts the process from the Macmillan government's 1961 application to join the European Communities through to the end of Tony Blair's premiership. The book examines the character and timing of responses across government, covering the core government departments and also those more recently affected, such as the Ministry of Defence. It argues that central government has organized itself efficiently to deal with the demands of EU membership despite the often controversial party-political divisions over Europe. However, in placing the book's findings in comparative context, the conclusion is that the effectiveness of UK governments in the EU has been less striking.Less
It is some thirty-five years since the United Kingdom joined what is now called the European Union. What has been the impact of the EU on UK central government? Has it been transformed or merely adapted to new pressures and requirements? This book explores the ‘Europeanisation’ of the work of civil servants and ministers and how they engage with the EU. Drawing on fresh empirical evidence—including interviews with over 200 serving and retired officials and ministers—it offers a comprehensive analysis of the spreading impact of European integration across government. The study is placed in the context of political divisions over the European Union but the book outlines the often neglected way in which the EU has transformed the business of government. This account charts the process from the Macmillan government's 1961 application to join the European Communities through to the end of Tony Blair's premiership. The book examines the character and timing of responses across government, covering the core government departments and also those more recently affected, such as the Ministry of Defence. It argues that central government has organized itself efficiently to deal with the demands of EU membership despite the often controversial party-political divisions over Europe. However, in placing the book's findings in comparative context, the conclusion is that the effectiveness of UK governments in the EU has been less striking.
Mike Raco
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9781861347442
- eISBN:
- 9781447301585
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781861347442.001.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Urban and Rural Studies
In 2003 the Labour Government published its ambitious Sustainable Communities Plan. It promised to bring about a ‘step change’ in the English planning system and a new emphasis on the construction of ...
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In 2003 the Labour Government published its ambitious Sustainable Communities Plan. It promised to bring about a ‘step change’ in the English planning system and a new emphasis on the construction of more balanced, cohesive, and competitive places. This book uses historical and contemporary materials to document the ways in which policy makers, in different eras, have sought to use state powers and regulations to create better, more balanced, and sustainable communities and citizens. It charts the changes that have taken place in community-building policy frameworks, place imaginations, and core spatial-policy initiatives in the UK since 1945. In so doing, the book examines the tensions that have emerged within spatial policy over the types of places which should be created, and the forms of mobility and fixity required to create them. It also shows that there are significant lessons that can be learnt from the experiences of the past, which can be used to inform contemporary policy debates over issues such as migration, uneven development, key-worker housing, and sustainability.Less
In 2003 the Labour Government published its ambitious Sustainable Communities Plan. It promised to bring about a ‘step change’ in the English planning system and a new emphasis on the construction of more balanced, cohesive, and competitive places. This book uses historical and contemporary materials to document the ways in which policy makers, in different eras, have sought to use state powers and regulations to create better, more balanced, and sustainable communities and citizens. It charts the changes that have taken place in community-building policy frameworks, place imaginations, and core spatial-policy initiatives in the UK since 1945. In so doing, the book examines the tensions that have emerged within spatial policy over the types of places which should be created, and the forms of mobility and fixity required to create them. It also shows that there are significant lessons that can be learnt from the experiences of the past, which can be used to inform contemporary policy debates over issues such as migration, uneven development, key-worker housing, and sustainability.
George Rupp
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780231174282
- eISBN:
- 9780231539869
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231174282.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Political Philosophy
In many places around the world, relations between ethnic and religious groups that for long periods coexisted more or less amicably are now fraught with aggression and violence. This trend has ...
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In many places around the world, relations between ethnic and religious groups that for long periods coexisted more or less amicably are now fraught with aggression and violence. This trend has profound international implications, threatening efforts to narrow the gap between rich and poor. Underscoring the need for sustained action, George Rupp urges the secular West to reckon with the continuing power of religious conviction and embrace the full extent of the world’s diversity. While individualism is a powerful force in Western cultures and a cornerstone of Western foreign policy, it elicits strong resistance in traditional communities. Drawing on decades of research and experience, Rupp pushes modern individualism beyond its foundational beliefs to recognize the place of communal practice in our world. Affirming the value of communities and the productive role religion plays in many lives, he advocates new solutions to such global challenges as conflicts in the developing world, income inequality, climate change, and mass migration.Less
In many places around the world, relations between ethnic and religious groups that for long periods coexisted more or less amicably are now fraught with aggression and violence. This trend has profound international implications, threatening efforts to narrow the gap between rich and poor. Underscoring the need for sustained action, George Rupp urges the secular West to reckon with the continuing power of religious conviction and embrace the full extent of the world’s diversity. While individualism is a powerful force in Western cultures and a cornerstone of Western foreign policy, it elicits strong resistance in traditional communities. Drawing on decades of research and experience, Rupp pushes modern individualism beyond its foundational beliefs to recognize the place of communal practice in our world. Affirming the value of communities and the productive role religion plays in many lives, he advocates new solutions to such global challenges as conflicts in the developing world, income inequality, climate change, and mass migration.
Anthony King
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199576982
- eISBN:
- 9780191702235
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199576982.003.0006
- Subject:
- Political Science, UK Politics
This chapter highlights the role of the courts and judges in the constitutional order in Britain. When Britain became a member of the European Union (EU), the power to set limits to the unlimited ...
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This chapter highlights the role of the courts and judges in the constitutional order in Britain. When Britain became a member of the European Union (EU), the power to set limits to the unlimited power of the parliament to make and unmake UK law was enjoyed by the courts and judges. This power was handed to them by the European Communities Act 1972 and the European Court of Justice. The jurisprudence of Britain and Europe became intertwined from 1973 onwards.Less
This chapter highlights the role of the courts and judges in the constitutional order in Britain. When Britain became a member of the European Union (EU), the power to set limits to the unlimited power of the parliament to make and unmake UK law was enjoyed by the courts and judges. This power was handed to them by the European Communities Act 1972 and the European Court of Justice. The jurisprudence of Britain and Europe became intertwined from 1973 onwards.
Ali Yaycioglu
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780804796125
- eISBN:
- 9780804798389
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Stanford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.11126/stanford/9780804796125.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Middle East History
This book is about the Ottoman Empire in the Age of Revolutions, between 1760 and 1820. Like many polities around the world in this period, the Ottoman Empire experienced a series of institutional ...
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This book is about the Ottoman Empire in the Age of Revolutions, between 1760 and 1820. Like many polities around the world in this period, the Ottoman Empire experienced a series of institutional shakeups, political crises, popular insurrections, and different pursuits for settlement. While the old order was collapsing, possibilities for a new order emerged. Old institutions vanished. New institutions were tested and contested. Istanbul and many cities and regions within the Ottoman Empire, in the Balkans, Anatolia, and the Arab lands, became political theaters where various actors struggled, collaborated, and competed over conflicting agendas and opposing interests. Examining some of these episodes, actors, and institutions, this book describes the transformation of the Ottoman Empire in this radical age.Less
This book is about the Ottoman Empire in the Age of Revolutions, between 1760 and 1820. Like many polities around the world in this period, the Ottoman Empire experienced a series of institutional shakeups, political crises, popular insurrections, and different pursuits for settlement. While the old order was collapsing, possibilities for a new order emerged. Old institutions vanished. New institutions were tested and contested. Istanbul and many cities and regions within the Ottoman Empire, in the Balkans, Anatolia, and the Arab lands, became political theaters where various actors struggled, collaborated, and competed over conflicting agendas and opposing interests. Examining some of these episodes, actors, and institutions, this book describes the transformation of the Ottoman Empire in this radical age.
Marjorie Mayo
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- January 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781447329312
- eISBN:
- 9781447329466
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447329312.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Public Policy
This book brings theoretical understandings of migration and displacement (including displacement as a result of urban redevelopment programmes) together with empirical illustrations of the varying ...
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This book brings theoretical understandings of migration and displacement (including displacement as a result of urban redevelopment programmes) together with empirical illustrations of the varying ways in which communities respond. These responses can be negative, divisive and exclusionary. But responses to migration and displacement can also be positive and mutually supportive, building solidarities both within and between communities, whether locally or transnationally. Drawing upon original research, the book includes case studies from varying international contexts, illustrating how different communities respond to the challenges of migration and displacement. These include examples of responses through community arts – such as poetry, story-telling and photography, exploring the scope for building communities (including transnational, diaspora communities) of solidarity and social justice.
The concluding chapters identify potential implications for public policy and professional practice, aiming to promote communities of solidarity, addressing the structural causes of widening inequalities, taking account of different interests, including those related to social class, gender, ethnicity, ability and age.Less
This book brings theoretical understandings of migration and displacement (including displacement as a result of urban redevelopment programmes) together with empirical illustrations of the varying ways in which communities respond. These responses can be negative, divisive and exclusionary. But responses to migration and displacement can also be positive and mutually supportive, building solidarities both within and between communities, whether locally or transnationally. Drawing upon original research, the book includes case studies from varying international contexts, illustrating how different communities respond to the challenges of migration and displacement. These include examples of responses through community arts – such as poetry, story-telling and photography, exploring the scope for building communities (including transnational, diaspora communities) of solidarity and social justice.
The concluding chapters identify potential implications for public policy and professional practice, aiming to promote communities of solidarity, addressing the structural causes of widening inequalities, taking account of different interests, including those related to social class, gender, ethnicity, ability and age.
Kharisma Nugroho, Fred Carden, and Hans Antlov
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781447348078
- eISBN:
- 9781447348115
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447348078.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Public Policy
Available Open Access under CC-BY-NC licence. This book explores the critical role that local knowledge plays in public policy processes as well as its role in the co-production of policy relevant ...
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Available Open Access under CC-BY-NC licence. This book explores the critical role that local knowledge plays in public policy processes as well as its role in the co-production of policy relevant knowledge with the scientific and professional communities. The authors consider the mechanisms used by local organisations and the constraints and opportunities they face, exploring what the knowledge-to-policy process means, who is involved and how different communities can engage in the policy process. Ten diverse case studies are used from around Indonesia, addressing issues such as forest management, water resources, maritime resource management and financial services. By making extensive use of quotes from the field, the book allows the reader to ‘hear’ the perspectives and beliefs of community members around local knowledge and its effects on individual and community life.Less
Available Open Access under CC-BY-NC licence. This book explores the critical role that local knowledge plays in public policy processes as well as its role in the co-production of policy relevant knowledge with the scientific and professional communities. The authors consider the mechanisms used by local organisations and the constraints and opportunities they face, exploring what the knowledge-to-policy process means, who is involved and how different communities can engage in the policy process. Ten diverse case studies are used from around Indonesia, addressing issues such as forest management, water resources, maritime resource management and financial services. By making extensive use of quotes from the field, the book allows the reader to ‘hear’ the perspectives and beliefs of community members around local knowledge and its effects on individual and community life.
J. Hillis Miller
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- September 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780823263103
- eISBN:
- 9780823266579
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823263103.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
Communities in Fiction reads in detail six novels or stories (one each by Trollope, Hardy, Conrad, Woolf, Pynchon, and Cervantes) by way of theories of community worked out (contradictorily) by ...
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Communities in Fiction reads in detail six novels or stories (one each by Trollope, Hardy, Conrad, Woolf, Pynchon, and Cervantes) by way of theories of community worked out (contradictorily) by Raymond Williams and Martin Heidegger for communities in the real world. Communities in Fiction’s topic is the question of how communities or non-communities are represented in fictional works. Such fictional communities help the reader understand real communities, including those in which the reader lives. As against the presumption that the trajectory in literature from Victorian to Modern to Postmodern is the story of a gradual loss of belief in the possibility of community, this book demonstrates that communities have always been presented in fictions as precarious and fractured. Moreover, the juxtaposition of Pynchon and Cervantes in the last chapter is in part a demonstration that period characterizations are never to be trusted. All the themes and narrative devices of Western fiction from the beginning of the print era to the present were there at the beginning, in Cervantes. Most of all, however, Communities in Fiction looks in detail at its six fictions, with entire allegiance to their texts, to see just what they say, what stories they tell, and what narratological and rhetorical devices they use to say what they do say and to tell the stories they do tell. This book attempts to express the joy of reading these works and to demonstrate the exemplary insight they provide into living in real communities that are always problematic and unstable.Less
Communities in Fiction reads in detail six novels or stories (one each by Trollope, Hardy, Conrad, Woolf, Pynchon, and Cervantes) by way of theories of community worked out (contradictorily) by Raymond Williams and Martin Heidegger for communities in the real world. Communities in Fiction’s topic is the question of how communities or non-communities are represented in fictional works. Such fictional communities help the reader understand real communities, including those in which the reader lives. As against the presumption that the trajectory in literature from Victorian to Modern to Postmodern is the story of a gradual loss of belief in the possibility of community, this book demonstrates that communities have always been presented in fictions as precarious and fractured. Moreover, the juxtaposition of Pynchon and Cervantes in the last chapter is in part a demonstration that period characterizations are never to be trusted. All the themes and narrative devices of Western fiction from the beginning of the print era to the present were there at the beginning, in Cervantes. Most of all, however, Communities in Fiction looks in detail at its six fictions, with entire allegiance to their texts, to see just what they say, what stories they tell, and what narratological and rhetorical devices they use to say what they do say and to tell the stories they do tell. This book attempts to express the joy of reading these works and to demonstrate the exemplary insight they provide into living in real communities that are always problematic and unstable.
Graham Dawson, Jo Dover, and Stephen Hopkins (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780719096310
- eISBN:
- 9781526120809
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719096310.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History
For the three decades of the Northern Ireland ‘Troubles’ (1968–98), the United Kingdom experienced within its borders a profound and polarizing conflict. Yet relatively little research has addressed ...
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For the three decades of the Northern Ireland ‘Troubles’ (1968–98), the United Kingdom experienced within its borders a profound and polarizing conflict. Yet relatively little research has addressed the complex effects, legacies and memories of this conflict in Britain. It occupies a marginal position in British social, cultural and political history, and the experiences and understandings of those in or from Britain who fought in it, were injured or harmed by it, or campaigned against it, have been neglected both in wider scholarship and in public policy. In the peace process since 1994, British initiatives towards ‘post-conflict’ remembering have been limited and fragmented.
This ground-breaking book provides the first comprehensive investigation of the history and memory of the Troubles in Britain. It examines the impacts of the conflict upon individual lives, political and social relationships, communities and culture in Britain; and explores how the people of Britain (including its Irish communities) have responded to, and engaged with the conflict, in the context of contested political narratives produced by the State and its opponents.Setting an agenda for further research and public debate, the book demonstrates that ‘unfinished business’ from the conflicted past persists unaddressed in Britain; and advocates the importance of acknowledging legacies, understanding histories, and engaging with memories in the context of peace-building and reconciliation. Contributors include scholars from a wide range of disciplines (social, political and cultural history; politics; media, film and cultural studies; law; literature; performing arts; sociology; peace studies); activists, artists, writers and peace-builders; and people with direct personal experience of the conflict.Less
For the three decades of the Northern Ireland ‘Troubles’ (1968–98), the United Kingdom experienced within its borders a profound and polarizing conflict. Yet relatively little research has addressed the complex effects, legacies and memories of this conflict in Britain. It occupies a marginal position in British social, cultural and political history, and the experiences and understandings of those in or from Britain who fought in it, were injured or harmed by it, or campaigned against it, have been neglected both in wider scholarship and in public policy. In the peace process since 1994, British initiatives towards ‘post-conflict’ remembering have been limited and fragmented.
This ground-breaking book provides the first comprehensive investigation of the history and memory of the Troubles in Britain. It examines the impacts of the conflict upon individual lives, political and social relationships, communities and culture in Britain; and explores how the people of Britain (including its Irish communities) have responded to, and engaged with the conflict, in the context of contested political narratives produced by the State and its opponents.Setting an agenda for further research and public debate, the book demonstrates that ‘unfinished business’ from the conflicted past persists unaddressed in Britain; and advocates the importance of acknowledging legacies, understanding histories, and engaging with memories in the context of peace-building and reconciliation. Contributors include scholars from a wide range of disciplines (social, political and cultural history; politics; media, film and cultural studies; law; literature; performing arts; sociology; peace studies); activists, artists, writers and peace-builders; and people with direct personal experience of the conflict.
Phil Jones, Beth Perry, and Paul Long (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- January 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781447344995
- eISBN:
- 9781447345046
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447344995.001.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Urban and Rural Studies
This book explores the policy and social frames through which citizens and wider communities are being engaged with culture as a tool to mitigate the effects of social exclusion and deprivation. The ...
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This book explores the policy and social frames through which citizens and wider communities are being engaged with culture as a tool to mitigate the effects of social exclusion and deprivation. The study is based on an inter-disciplinary four-year research project investigating those individuals and organisations whose mission is to use culture, instrumentally, to help deprived communities in a variety of different ways. The project sought to examine the different scales of activity involved within cultural intermediation, examining national policy and practice, but grounded within specific community-level case studies. Although a number of sites across England were examined, two field sites in particular were the subject for a deep ethnographic engagement, including active interventions. These were Birmingham, with a focus on the Balsall Heath neighbourhood and Greater Manchester, with detailed work being undertaken in the Ordsall ward of Salford. These case studies feature throughout much of the book as a lens through which to see the impacts of wider policy trends. Research was undertaken during a period of quite dramatic change in policy and governance within the UK’s cultural sector. These changes were driven by one of the biggest experiments in refiguring the role of the public sector within the UK since 1945, as post-credit crunch governments have responded to the challenges of a struggling global economy by employing the discourse of ‘austerity’. As this book shows, what has emerged is a cultural intermediation sector that has refined its practices, adopting new funding models and arenas of activity.Less
This book explores the policy and social frames through which citizens and wider communities are being engaged with culture as a tool to mitigate the effects of social exclusion and deprivation. The study is based on an inter-disciplinary four-year research project investigating those individuals and organisations whose mission is to use culture, instrumentally, to help deprived communities in a variety of different ways. The project sought to examine the different scales of activity involved within cultural intermediation, examining national policy and practice, but grounded within specific community-level case studies. Although a number of sites across England were examined, two field sites in particular were the subject for a deep ethnographic engagement, including active interventions. These were Birmingham, with a focus on the Balsall Heath neighbourhood and Greater Manchester, with detailed work being undertaken in the Ordsall ward of Salford. These case studies feature throughout much of the book as a lens through which to see the impacts of wider policy trends. Research was undertaken during a period of quite dramatic change in policy and governance within the UK’s cultural sector. These changes were driven by one of the biggest experiments in refiguring the role of the public sector within the UK since 1945, as post-credit crunch governments have responded to the challenges of a struggling global economy by employing the discourse of ‘austerity’. As this book shows, what has emerged is a cultural intermediation sector that has refined its practices, adopting new funding models and arenas of activity.
Adrian Jarvis and Robert Lee (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780973893489
- eISBN:
- 9781786944566
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9780973893489.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Maritime History
This study offers an exploration of the role of merchants throughout maritime history through the analysis of maritime trade networks. It attempts to fill in the gaps in the historiography to ...
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This study offers an exploration of the role of merchants throughout maritime history through the analysis of maritime trade networks. It attempts to fill in the gaps in the historiography to determine the range of activities that maritime merchants undertook. It is comprised of nine chapters: one introductory, and eight exploring aspects of merchant history across Europe during the period 1640 to 1940. Several major themes recur throughout these studies: the necessity of port networks; the extension of trade networks through merchant migration and in-migration; the assimilation of merchants into port communities; and the impact of urban governance and trade associations on merchant activity. It concludes by claiming merchants across Europe had a more common with one another when approaching risk management than has previously been assumed, and that the at the core of the merchant’s risk management strategy the question of who they could trust with their trade is a universally unifying factor. It suggests that further research on the demographics of ports is the necessary next step in merchant historiography.Less
This study offers an exploration of the role of merchants throughout maritime history through the analysis of maritime trade networks. It attempts to fill in the gaps in the historiography to determine the range of activities that maritime merchants undertook. It is comprised of nine chapters: one introductory, and eight exploring aspects of merchant history across Europe during the period 1640 to 1940. Several major themes recur throughout these studies: the necessity of port networks; the extension of trade networks through merchant migration and in-migration; the assimilation of merchants into port communities; and the impact of urban governance and trade associations on merchant activity. It concludes by claiming merchants across Europe had a more common with one another when approaching risk management than has previously been assumed, and that the at the core of the merchant’s risk management strategy the question of who they could trust with their trade is a universally unifying factor. It suggests that further research on the demographics of ports is the necessary next step in merchant historiography.
Henry T. Chen
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780973893496
- eISBN:
- 9781786944559
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9780973893496.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Maritime History
This study provides a detailed study of the fishing nation of Taiwan at a regional and local level in order to address the lack of academic research into the Taiwanese fishing industry in comparison ...
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This study provides a detailed study of the fishing nation of Taiwan at a regional and local level in order to address the lack of academic research into the Taiwanese fishing industry in comparison to other nations. Over three stages of analysis it identifies the reasons for the rise and decline of Taiwanese distant-water fisheries. The first stage examines the broader historical background, government policy, and birth of the Taiwanese fishing industry. The second explores the industry at a national level, analysing the relationships between fishing, government, military, and ancillary industries. The third approach narrows the scope to individual fishing communities and explores the working lives and cultural habits of the fishermen. The major focus is the port of Kaohsiung and how it became the major supply base for the fishing industry. It explores Taiwan’s relationship with Japan and the postwar decline due to Japan’s losses in the Second World War. Finally, it considers the development of Taiwanese colonial and postwar fishing policies. It concludes that modern fishing techniques were introduced from Japan, and emboldened Taiwanese fisherman to risk entering remote and foreign waters. The author suggests that further research into Taiwan take would help scholars better understand the history of distant-fisheries. The journal consists of nine chapters, an introduction and conclusion, a list of interviewees, and a bibliography of English and Chinese-language sources.Less
This study provides a detailed study of the fishing nation of Taiwan at a regional and local level in order to address the lack of academic research into the Taiwanese fishing industry in comparison to other nations. Over three stages of analysis it identifies the reasons for the rise and decline of Taiwanese distant-water fisheries. The first stage examines the broader historical background, government policy, and birth of the Taiwanese fishing industry. The second explores the industry at a national level, analysing the relationships between fishing, government, military, and ancillary industries. The third approach narrows the scope to individual fishing communities and explores the working lives and cultural habits of the fishermen. The major focus is the port of Kaohsiung and how it became the major supply base for the fishing industry. It explores Taiwan’s relationship with Japan and the postwar decline due to Japan’s losses in the Second World War. Finally, it considers the development of Taiwanese colonial and postwar fishing policies. It concludes that modern fishing techniques were introduced from Japan, and emboldened Taiwanese fisherman to risk entering remote and foreign waters. The author suggests that further research into Taiwan take would help scholars better understand the history of distant-fisheries. The journal consists of nine chapters, an introduction and conclusion, a list of interviewees, and a bibliography of English and Chinese-language sources.
Abigail A. Fagan, J. David Hawkins, and Richard F. Catalano
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- April 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195327892
- eISBN:
- 9780199301478
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195327892.003.0016
- Subject:
- Psychology, Clinical Child Psychology / School Psychology
This chapter describes the Communities That Care (CTC) program using examples from 12 communities implementing CTC as part of an efficacy trial. CTC is a community-based strategy that empowers ...
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This chapter describes the Communities That Care (CTC) program using examples from 12 communities implementing CTC as part of an efficacy trial. CTC is a community-based strategy that empowers members of a diverse and broad-based coalition to plan, implement and monitor prevention activities intended to promote positive youth development. CTC implementation involves six structured training workshops provided over 6-12 months and the collection of epidemiologic data including an anonymous, school-wide survey of students. When implemented community-wide, the survey allows coalition members to identify the most elevated risk factors and depressed protective factors experienced by youth. The coalition then selects evidence-based prevention policies and programs that target these factors in the major settings affecting young people: schools, families, community service organizations, and the community itself. Communities monitor program implementation and periodically re-administer the youth survey in order to gauge the effectiveness of their efforts.Less
This chapter describes the Communities That Care (CTC) program using examples from 12 communities implementing CTC as part of an efficacy trial. CTC is a community-based strategy that empowers members of a diverse and broad-based coalition to plan, implement and monitor prevention activities intended to promote positive youth development. CTC implementation involves six structured training workshops provided over 6-12 months and the collection of epidemiologic data including an anonymous, school-wide survey of students. When implemented community-wide, the survey allows coalition members to identify the most elevated risk factors and depressed protective factors experienced by youth. The coalition then selects evidence-based prevention policies and programs that target these factors in the major settings affecting young people: schools, families, community service organizations, and the community itself. Communities monitor program implementation and periodically re-administer the youth survey in order to gauge the effectiveness of their efforts.
Erik Ching
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9781469628660
- eISBN:
- 9781469628684
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469628660.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Latin American History
El Salvador's civil war began in 1980 and ended twelve bloody years later. It saw extreme violence on both sides, including the terrorizing and targeting of civilians by death squads, recruitment of ...
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El Salvador's civil war began in 1980 and ended twelve bloody years later. It saw extreme violence on both sides, including the terrorizing and targeting of civilians by death squads, recruitment of child soldiers, and the death and disappearance of more than 75,000 people. Examining El Salvador's vibrant life-story literature written in the aftermath of this terrible conflict—including memoirs and testimonials—Erik Ching seeks to understand how the war has come to be remembered and rebattled by Salvadorans and what that means for their society today. Ching identifies four memory communities that dominate national post-war views: civilian elites, military officers, guerrilla commanders, and working class and poor testimonialists. Pushing distinct and divergent stories, these groups are today engaged in what Ching terms a "narrative battle" for control over the memory of the war. Their ongoing publications in the marketplace of ideas tend to direct Salvadorans' attempts to negotiate the war’s meaning and legacy, and Ching suggests that a more open, coordinated reconciliation process is needed in this post-conflict society. In the meantime, El Salvador, fractured by conflicting interpretations of its national trauma, is hindered in dealing with the immediate problems posed by the nexus of neoliberalism, gang violence, and outmigration.Less
El Salvador's civil war began in 1980 and ended twelve bloody years later. It saw extreme violence on both sides, including the terrorizing and targeting of civilians by death squads, recruitment of child soldiers, and the death and disappearance of more than 75,000 people. Examining El Salvador's vibrant life-story literature written in the aftermath of this terrible conflict—including memoirs and testimonials—Erik Ching seeks to understand how the war has come to be remembered and rebattled by Salvadorans and what that means for their society today. Ching identifies four memory communities that dominate national post-war views: civilian elites, military officers, guerrilla commanders, and working class and poor testimonialists. Pushing distinct and divergent stories, these groups are today engaged in what Ching terms a "narrative battle" for control over the memory of the war. Their ongoing publications in the marketplace of ideas tend to direct Salvadorans' attempts to negotiate the war’s meaning and legacy, and Ching suggests that a more open, coordinated reconciliation process is needed in this post-conflict society. In the meantime, El Salvador, fractured by conflicting interpretations of its national trauma, is hindered in dealing with the immediate problems posed by the nexus of neoliberalism, gang violence, and outmigration.
Rene Peter Hohmann
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- May 2014
- ISBN:
- 9781447310785
- eISBN:
- 9781447310808
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447310785.003.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Urban and Rural Studies
This short chapter provides an introduction to the book. It highlights the emergence of New Localism(s) across Europe and the role of Area-based initiatives as national urban policies for ...
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This short chapter provides an introduction to the book. It highlights the emergence of New Localism(s) across Europe and the role of Area-based initiatives as national urban policies for regenerating deprived urban areas. It ends with a short summary of each book chapters.Less
This short chapter provides an introduction to the book. It highlights the emergence of New Localism(s) across Europe and the role of Area-based initiatives as national urban policies for regenerating deprived urban areas. It ends with a short summary of each book chapters.
