Eyjólfur Kjalar Emilsson
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- May 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199281701
- eISBN:
- 9780191713088
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199281701.003.0004
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Ancient Philosophy
The main focus in this chapter is the relationship between Plotinus' ontology and his epistemology. It is argued that at the level of Intellect being and knowledge coincide, that to be is to be known ...
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The main focus in this chapter is the relationship between Plotinus' ontology and his epistemology. It is argued that at the level of Intellect being and knowledge coincide, that to be is to be known or thought. It is further argued that this is a necessary consequence of a principle in Plotinus' philosophy claiming that to know something as it is in itself is to know that thing from its internal activity, and that this kind of knowledge is impossible unless the activity of the knower coincides with the activity constituting the being known.Less
The main focus in this chapter is the relationship between Plotinus' ontology and his epistemology. It is argued that at the level of Intellect being and knowledge coincide, that to be is to be known or thought. It is further argued that this is a necessary consequence of a principle in Plotinus' philosophy claiming that to know something as it is in itself is to know that thing from its internal activity, and that this kind of knowledge is impossible unless the activity of the knower coincides with the activity constituting the being known.
Lisa Garcia Bedolla and Melissa R. Michelson
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- October 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780300166781
- eISBN:
- 9780300167399
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300166781.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
Which get-out-the-vote efforts actually succeed in ethnoracial communities and why? Analyzing the results from hundreds of original experiments, this book offers a new theory to explain why some ...
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Which get-out-the-vote efforts actually succeed in ethnoracial communities and why? Analyzing the results from hundreds of original experiments, this book offers a new theory to explain why some methods work while others do not. Exploring and comparing a wide variety of efforts targeting ethnoracial voters, the authors present a new theoretical frame—the Social Cognition Model of voting, based on an individual's sense of civic identity—for understanding get-out-the-vote effectiveness. This book will serve as a useful guide for political practitioners, for it offers concrete strategies to employ in developing future mobilization efforts.Less
Which get-out-the-vote efforts actually succeed in ethnoracial communities and why? Analyzing the results from hundreds of original experiments, this book offers a new theory to explain why some methods work while others do not. Exploring and comparing a wide variety of efforts targeting ethnoracial voters, the authors present a new theoretical frame—the Social Cognition Model of voting, based on an individual's sense of civic identity—for understanding get-out-the-vote effectiveness. This book will serve as a useful guide for political practitioners, for it offers concrete strategies to employ in developing future mobilization efforts.
Christoph Durt, Thomas Fuchs, and Christian Tewes (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- January 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780262035552
- eISBN:
- 9780262337120
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262035552.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Philosophy of Mind
Recent accounts of cognition attempt to overcome the limitations of traditional cognitive science by reconceiving cognition as enactive and the cognizer as an embodied being who is embedded in ...
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Recent accounts of cognition attempt to overcome the limitations of traditional cognitive science by reconceiving cognition as enactive and the cognizer as an embodied being who is embedded in biological, psychological, and cultural contexts. Cultural forms of sense-making constitute the shared world, which in turn is the origin and place of cognition. This volume is the first interdisciplinary collection on the cultural context of embodiment, offering perspectives from the neurophilosophical to the anthropological.
The contributors explore conceptual foundations, drawing on work by Husserl, Merleau-Ponty, and Sartre, and respond to recent critiques. They consider whether there is something in the self that precedes intersubjectivity and inquire into the relation between culture and consciousness, the nature of shared meaning and social understanding, the social dimension of shame, and the nature of joint affordances. They apply the notion of radical enactive cognition to evolutionary anthropology, and examine the concept of the body in relation to culture in light of studies in such fields as phenomenology, cognitive neuroscience, psychology, and psychopathology. The book covers the interplay of embodiment, enaction, and culture.
Contributors
Mark Bickhard, Ingar Brinck, Anna Ciaunica, Hanne De Jaegher, Nicolas de Warren, Ezequiel Di Paolo, Christoph Durt, John Z. Elias, Joerg Fingerhut, Aikaterini Fotopoulou, Thomas Fuchs, Shaun Gallagher, Vittorio Gallese, Duilio Garofoli, Katrin Heimann, Peter Henningsen, Daniel D. Hutto, Laurence J. Kirmayer, Alba Montes Sánchez, Dermot Moran, Maxwell J. D. Ramstead, Matthew Ratcliffe, Vasudevi Reddy, Zuzanna Rucińska, Alessandro Salice, Glenda Satne, Heribert Sattel, Christian Tewes, Dan ZahaviLess
Recent accounts of cognition attempt to overcome the limitations of traditional cognitive science by reconceiving cognition as enactive and the cognizer as an embodied being who is embedded in biological, psychological, and cultural contexts. Cultural forms of sense-making constitute the shared world, which in turn is the origin and place of cognition. This volume is the first interdisciplinary collection on the cultural context of embodiment, offering perspectives from the neurophilosophical to the anthropological.
The contributors explore conceptual foundations, drawing on work by Husserl, Merleau-Ponty, and Sartre, and respond to recent critiques. They consider whether there is something in the self that precedes intersubjectivity and inquire into the relation between culture and consciousness, the nature of shared meaning and social understanding, the social dimension of shame, and the nature of joint affordances. They apply the notion of radical enactive cognition to evolutionary anthropology, and examine the concept of the body in relation to culture in light of studies in such fields as phenomenology, cognitive neuroscience, psychology, and psychopathology. The book covers the interplay of embodiment, enaction, and culture.
Contributors
Mark Bickhard, Ingar Brinck, Anna Ciaunica, Hanne De Jaegher, Nicolas de Warren, Ezequiel Di Paolo, Christoph Durt, John Z. Elias, Joerg Fingerhut, Aikaterini Fotopoulou, Thomas Fuchs, Shaun Gallagher, Vittorio Gallese, Duilio Garofoli, Katrin Heimann, Peter Henningsen, Daniel D. Hutto, Laurence J. Kirmayer, Alba Montes Sánchez, Dermot Moran, Maxwell J. D. Ramstead, Matthew Ratcliffe, Vasudevi Reddy, Zuzanna Rucińska, Alessandro Salice, Glenda Satne, Heribert Sattel, Christian Tewes, Dan Zahavi
Barbara Maria Stafford
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- January 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780226630489
- eISBN:
- 9780226630656
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226630656.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Philosophy of Mind
Imagine these essays as cross-disciplinary field trips exploring the inscrutable digital networks and ineffable Big Data characterizing our uncertain times. Taken together, they trace a dark thread ...
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Imagine these essays as cross-disciplinary field trips exploring the inscrutable digital networks and ineffable Big Data characterizing our uncertain times. Taken together, they trace a dark thread running through the bright techno-utopian rhetoric on AI, Alternative Realities, gene editing, cognitive enhancement. Addressing opaque inventions and ambiguous concepts—involving the technological, the theological, the neurological, the cultural—this book questions whether key contemporary arts and sciences have embraced a misunderstood “romantic” ideal of creativity without constraint or forethought, one resulting in enigmatic productions that are incomprehensible to a non-expert public. Seeking to fill a practical as well as a philosophical gap, these reflections ask, among other things, what are the ethical repercussions of the laboratory sciences becoming increasingly speculative or aestheticized while the experimental BioArts and computational New Media risk losing the qualitative self in the fathomless coding sciences. As an ensemble, then, these essays trace an arc from jewelry to robotics, painting to textiles, the chromatics of passion to projected displays. They demonstrate how artists shape cognizability by configuring shadowy experiences for which there are no ready words or numbers.Less
Imagine these essays as cross-disciplinary field trips exploring the inscrutable digital networks and ineffable Big Data characterizing our uncertain times. Taken together, they trace a dark thread running through the bright techno-utopian rhetoric on AI, Alternative Realities, gene editing, cognitive enhancement. Addressing opaque inventions and ambiguous concepts—involving the technological, the theological, the neurological, the cultural—this book questions whether key contemporary arts and sciences have embraced a misunderstood “romantic” ideal of creativity without constraint or forethought, one resulting in enigmatic productions that are incomprehensible to a non-expert public. Seeking to fill a practical as well as a philosophical gap, these reflections ask, among other things, what are the ethical repercussions of the laboratory sciences becoming increasingly speculative or aestheticized while the experimental BioArts and computational New Media risk losing the qualitative self in the fathomless coding sciences. As an ensemble, then, these essays trace an arc from jewelry to robotics, painting to textiles, the chromatics of passion to projected displays. They demonstrate how artists shape cognizability by configuring shadowy experiences for which there are no ready words or numbers.
H. S. Harris
- Published in print:
- 1983
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198246541
- eISBN:
- 9780191680991
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198246541.003.0005
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy
In the ‘Natural Law’ lectures, Hegel passed straight from political theory to the evolution of religious consciousness. This chapter examines the life story of God, the triangulation of the Trinity, ...
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In the ‘Natural Law’ lectures, Hegel passed straight from political theory to the evolution of religious consciousness. This chapter examines the life story of God, the triangulation of the Trinity, the motion of the triangles, the half-triangles of Cognition, and the ‘Resting Square’. The moving principle of natural ethics is the singular consciousness of the individual. As that consciousness matures, the individual becomes aware that he lives, moves, and has his being in a naturally given whole that expresses his nature as a rational being. This natural whole is the family. The most important speculative interpretation of the Trinity that Hegel attempted in this period was probably contained in the lost manuscript on the ‘Triangle of triangles’.Less
In the ‘Natural Law’ lectures, Hegel passed straight from political theory to the evolution of religious consciousness. This chapter examines the life story of God, the triangulation of the Trinity, the motion of the triangles, the half-triangles of Cognition, and the ‘Resting Square’. The moving principle of natural ethics is the singular consciousness of the individual. As that consciousness matures, the individual becomes aware that he lives, moves, and has his being in a naturally given whole that expresses his nature as a rational being. This natural whole is the family. The most important speculative interpretation of the Trinity that Hegel attempted in this period was probably contained in the lost manuscript on the ‘Triangle of triangles’.
Graham Priest
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199254057
- eISBN:
- 9780191698194
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199254057.003.0004
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Logic/Philosophy of Mathematics, Metaphysics/Epistemology
This chapter discusses the contradiction in the limits of cognition, one of the four limits of thought. Cognition is about relationships that arise between agents and the world that they cognise, ...
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This chapter discusses the contradiction in the limits of cognition, one of the four limits of thought. Cognition is about relationships that arise between agents and the world that they cognise, such as knowledge, truth, and rational belief. It determines the contradictions at the limit of cognition with a thesis called the Cognition Scheme. It also analyses the issue of relativism and scepticism through the views and works of philosophers Protagoras and Sextus Empiricus.Less
This chapter discusses the contradiction in the limits of cognition, one of the four limits of thought. Cognition is about relationships that arise between agents and the world that they cognise, such as knowledge, truth, and rational belief. It determines the contradictions at the limit of cognition with a thesis called the Cognition Scheme. It also analyses the issue of relativism and scepticism through the views and works of philosophers Protagoras and Sextus Empiricus.
Eleonora Sasso
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781474407168
- eISBN:
- 9781474449670
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781474407168.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
The book redefines the task of interpreting the East in the late nineteenth century, weaving together literary, linguistic, and cognitive analyses of Pre-Raphaelite paintings, illustrations and ...
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The book redefines the task of interpreting the East in the late nineteenth century, weaving together literary, linguistic, and cognitive analyses of Pre-Raphaelite paintings, illustrations and writings. It takes as a starting point Edward Said’s Orientalism (1978) in order to investigate the latent and manifest traces of the East in Pre-Raphaelite literature and culture. As the book demonstrates, the Pre-Raphaelites and their associates appeared to be the most eligible representatives of a profoundly conservative manifestation of the Orient, of its mystic aura, criminal underworld and feminine sensuality. As readers of Edward Lane’s and Richard F. Burton’s translations of the Arabian Nights, John Ruskin, D.G. Rossetti, Christina Rossetti, William Morris, Algernon Swinburne, Aubrey Beardsley, and Ford Madox Ford were deeply affected by the stories of Aladdin, Sinbad and Ali Baba (and the less known Hasan, Anime, and Parisad), whose parables of magic, adventure and love seem to be haunting their Pre-Raphaelite imagination. Through cognitive linguistics and its wide range of approaches (conceptual metaphors, scripts and schemas, prominence, figure, ground, parables, prototypes, deixis and text world theory), which provide an illuminating framework for discussing the blend of East and West in Pre-Raphaelite paintings, illustrations and writings, this book demonstrates how Ruskin, the Rossetti brothers, Morris, Swinburne, Beardsley and Ford took property from the stories of the Arabian Nights and reused them in another remediations.Less
The book redefines the task of interpreting the East in the late nineteenth century, weaving together literary, linguistic, and cognitive analyses of Pre-Raphaelite paintings, illustrations and writings. It takes as a starting point Edward Said’s Orientalism (1978) in order to investigate the latent and manifest traces of the East in Pre-Raphaelite literature and culture. As the book demonstrates, the Pre-Raphaelites and their associates appeared to be the most eligible representatives of a profoundly conservative manifestation of the Orient, of its mystic aura, criminal underworld and feminine sensuality. As readers of Edward Lane’s and Richard F. Burton’s translations of the Arabian Nights, John Ruskin, D.G. Rossetti, Christina Rossetti, William Morris, Algernon Swinburne, Aubrey Beardsley, and Ford Madox Ford were deeply affected by the stories of Aladdin, Sinbad and Ali Baba (and the less known Hasan, Anime, and Parisad), whose parables of magic, adventure and love seem to be haunting their Pre-Raphaelite imagination. Through cognitive linguistics and its wide range of approaches (conceptual metaphors, scripts and schemas, prominence, figure, ground, parables, prototypes, deixis and text world theory), which provide an illuminating framework for discussing the blend of East and West in Pre-Raphaelite paintings, illustrations and writings, this book demonstrates how Ruskin, the Rossetti brothers, Morris, Swinburne, Beardsley and Ford took property from the stories of the Arabian Nights and reused them in another remediations.
Cyriel M.A. Pennartz
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780262029315
- eISBN:
- 9780262330121
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262029315.001.0001
- Subject:
- Neuroscience, Behavioral Neuroscience
Although science has made considerable progress in discovering the neural basis of cognition, how consciousness arises remains elusive. In this book, Pennartz analyzes which aspects of conscious ...
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Although science has made considerable progress in discovering the neural basis of cognition, how consciousness arises remains elusive. In this book, Pennartz analyzes which aspects of conscious experience can be peeled away to access its core: the relationship between brain processes and the qualitative nature of consciousness. Pennartz traces the problem back to its historical foundations and connects early ideas to contemporary computational neuroscience. What can we learn from neural network models, and where do they fall short in bridging the gap between neurons and conscious experiences? How can neural models of cognition help us define requirements for conscious processing in the brain? These questions underlie Pennartz’s examination of the brain’s anatomy and neurophysiology. This analysis is not limited to visual perception but broadened to include other sensory modalities and their integration. Formulating a representational theory, Pennartz outlines properties that complex neural structures must express to process information consciously. This theoretical framework is constructed using empirical findings from neuroscience and from theoretical arguments such as the ‘Cuneiform Room’ and the ‘Wall Street Banker’. Positing that qualitative experience is a multimodal and multilevel phenomenon at its roots, Pennartz places this body of theory in the wider context of mind-brain philosophy.Less
Although science has made considerable progress in discovering the neural basis of cognition, how consciousness arises remains elusive. In this book, Pennartz analyzes which aspects of conscious experience can be peeled away to access its core: the relationship between brain processes and the qualitative nature of consciousness. Pennartz traces the problem back to its historical foundations and connects early ideas to contemporary computational neuroscience. What can we learn from neural network models, and where do they fall short in bridging the gap between neurons and conscious experiences? How can neural models of cognition help us define requirements for conscious processing in the brain? These questions underlie Pennartz’s examination of the brain’s anatomy and neurophysiology. This analysis is not limited to visual perception but broadened to include other sensory modalities and their integration. Formulating a representational theory, Pennartz outlines properties that complex neural structures must express to process information consciously. This theoretical framework is constructed using empirical findings from neuroscience and from theoretical arguments such as the ‘Cuneiform Room’ and the ‘Wall Street Banker’. Positing that qualitative experience is a multimodal and multilevel phenomenon at its roots, Pennartz places this body of theory in the wider context of mind-brain philosophy.
Bryce Huebner
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199926275
- eISBN:
- 9780199347193
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199926275.003.0010
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Philosophy of Mind, General
This chapter briefly summarizes the main conclusions of the book. It lays out the core elements of the macrocognitive approach to collective mentality, and serves as a reminder that collective ...
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This chapter briefly summarizes the main conclusions of the book. It lays out the core elements of the macrocognitive approach to collective mentality, and serves as a reminder that collective mentality is likely to be rare, and where it arises, quite minimal. These arguments are then briefly situated within a broader set of claims about social ontology and social epistemology.Less
This chapter briefly summarizes the main conclusions of the book. It lays out the core elements of the macrocognitive approach to collective mentality, and serves as a reminder that collective mentality is likely to be rare, and where it arises, quite minimal. These arguments are then briefly situated within a broader set of claims about social ontology and social epistemology.
Laurent Dubreuil
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- January 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780816694808
- eISBN:
- 9781452950822
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Minnesota Press
- DOI:
- 10.5749/minnesota/9780816694808.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Philosophy of Language
The Intellective Space explores the nature and limits of thought. It celebrates the poetic virtues of language and the creative imperfections of our animal minds while pleading for a renewal of the ...
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The Intellective Space explores the nature and limits of thought. It celebrates the poetic virtues of language and the creative imperfections of our animal minds while pleading for a renewal of the humanities that is grounded in a study of the sciences. According to Laurent Dubreuil, we humans both say more than we think and think more than we say. Dubreuil’s particular interest is the intellective space, where thought and knowledge are performed and shared. For Dubreuil, the term “cognition” refers to the minimal level of our mental operations. But he suggests that for humans there is an excess of cognition due to our extensive processing necessary for verbal language, brain dynamics, and social contexts. In articulating the intellective, Dubreuil includes “the productive undoing of cognition.” Dubreuil grants that cognitive operations take place and that protocols of experimental psychology, new techniques of neuroimagery, and mathematical or computerized models provide access to a certain understanding of thought. But he argues that something in thinking bypasses cognitive structures. Seeking to theorize with the sciences, the book’s first section develops the “intellective hypothesis” and points toward the potential journey of ideas going beyond cognition, after and before computation. The second part, “Animal Meditations,” pursues consequences of this hypothesis with regard to the disparaged but enduring project of metaphysics, with its emphasis on categories such as reality, humanness, and the soul.Less
The Intellective Space explores the nature and limits of thought. It celebrates the poetic virtues of language and the creative imperfections of our animal minds while pleading for a renewal of the humanities that is grounded in a study of the sciences. According to Laurent Dubreuil, we humans both say more than we think and think more than we say. Dubreuil’s particular interest is the intellective space, where thought and knowledge are performed and shared. For Dubreuil, the term “cognition” refers to the minimal level of our mental operations. But he suggests that for humans there is an excess of cognition due to our extensive processing necessary for verbal language, brain dynamics, and social contexts. In articulating the intellective, Dubreuil includes “the productive undoing of cognition.” Dubreuil grants that cognitive operations take place and that protocols of experimental psychology, new techniques of neuroimagery, and mathematical or computerized models provide access to a certain understanding of thought. But he argues that something in thinking bypasses cognitive structures. Seeking to theorize with the sciences, the book’s first section develops the “intellective hypothesis” and points toward the potential journey of ideas going beyond cognition, after and before computation. The second part, “Animal Meditations,” pursues consequences of this hypothesis with regard to the disparaged but enduring project of metaphysics, with its emphasis on categories such as reality, humanness, and the soul.
Carsten Strathausen
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781517900755
- eISBN:
- 9781452957715
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Minnesota Press
- DOI:
- 10.5749/minnesota/9781517900755.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Philosophy of Science
Bio-Aesthetics. A Critique examines the rising influence of evolutionary theory across academic disciplines today. Empowered by neo-Darwinian theory and recent advances in neuroscientific research, ...
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Bio-Aesthetics. A Critique examines the rising influence of evolutionary theory across academic disciplines today. Empowered by neo-Darwinian theory and recent advances in neuroscientific research, nascent academic fields have particularly challenged the Humanities’ non-empirical and largely speculative approach to modern art, culture, and aesthetic theory. In its stead, evolutionary scholars advocate a strict biological functionalism that effectively reduces mind to brain and art to science. Unfortunately, Humanities’ scholars so far have been slow to respond to this challenge. Bio-Aesthetics remedies this problem by providing the first comprehensive account of current evolutionary and neuroscientific approaches to art and human culture to demonstrate both the need for and the limits of interdisciplinary research in the Humanities. Above all, Bio-Aesthetics is A Critique in the Kantian sense of the term: it works through a critical appraisal of neo-Darwinian reductionism in order to develop a more germane and balanced methodology for future collaborative research across disciplines. Bio-Aesthetics central argument contends that Kant’s transcendentalism amounts to the “structural coupling” of organism and environment, which also applies to our knowledge of the (phenomenological) world we come to inhabit as living beings. Scientific reductionism and neo-Darwinian theory ignore the self-constructed nature of reason and culture for genetic laws and evolutionary principles that allegedly determine human behaviour. Hence the overriding goal of Bio-Aesthetics is to provide the Humanities with a self-critical, historically nuanced and epistemologically up-to-date counter-paradigm to what E. O Wilson called “sociobiology,” that is the reductionist view of human cultural evolution dominant in neo-Darwinian evolutionary theory today.Less
Bio-Aesthetics. A Critique examines the rising influence of evolutionary theory across academic disciplines today. Empowered by neo-Darwinian theory and recent advances in neuroscientific research, nascent academic fields have particularly challenged the Humanities’ non-empirical and largely speculative approach to modern art, culture, and aesthetic theory. In its stead, evolutionary scholars advocate a strict biological functionalism that effectively reduces mind to brain and art to science. Unfortunately, Humanities’ scholars so far have been slow to respond to this challenge. Bio-Aesthetics remedies this problem by providing the first comprehensive account of current evolutionary and neuroscientific approaches to art and human culture to demonstrate both the need for and the limits of interdisciplinary research in the Humanities. Above all, Bio-Aesthetics is A Critique in the Kantian sense of the term: it works through a critical appraisal of neo-Darwinian reductionism in order to develop a more germane and balanced methodology for future collaborative research across disciplines. Bio-Aesthetics central argument contends that Kant’s transcendentalism amounts to the “structural coupling” of organism and environment, which also applies to our knowledge of the (phenomenological) world we come to inhabit as living beings. Scientific reductionism and neo-Darwinian theory ignore the self-constructed nature of reason and culture for genetic laws and evolutionary principles that allegedly determine human behaviour. Hence the overriding goal of Bio-Aesthetics is to provide the Humanities with a self-critical, historically nuanced and epistemologically up-to-date counter-paradigm to what E. O Wilson called “sociobiology,” that is the reductionist view of human cultural evolution dominant in neo-Darwinian evolutionary theory today.
Daniel D. Hutto and Erik Myin
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- August 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780262018548
- eISBN:
- 9780262312172
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262018548.003.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Philosophy of Mind
This chapter describes the revolutionary atmosphere of today’s cognitive science, clarifying the pivotal theses on which Radical Enactive Cognition (REC) leans, and introducing the main ...
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This chapter describes the revolutionary atmosphere of today’s cognitive science, clarifying the pivotal theses on which Radical Enactive Cognition (REC) leans, and introducing the main players—traditional Content Involving Cognition (CIC), newly articulated Conservative Enactive Cognition (CEC), and REC—in more detail. Rather than trying to argue for REC straightaway, it prepares readers for that task, asking them to flex their imaginative muscles by first picturing how things would have to look if REC were true—and, by comparison, where REC lives in conceptual space.Less
This chapter describes the revolutionary atmosphere of today’s cognitive science, clarifying the pivotal theses on which Radical Enactive Cognition (REC) leans, and introducing the main players—traditional Content Involving Cognition (CIC), newly articulated Conservative Enactive Cognition (CEC), and REC—in more detail. Rather than trying to argue for REC straightaway, it prepares readers for that task, asking them to flex their imaginative muscles by first picturing how things would have to look if REC were true—and, by comparison, where REC lives in conceptual space.
Karin Kukkonen
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781474442282
- eISBN:
- 9781474476904
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781474442282.003.0011
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy
This chapter revisits earlier accounts of distributed cognition in cultural environments and practices. It extends the notion of designer environment (i.e. spatial and procedural arrangements that ...
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This chapter revisits earlier accounts of distributed cognition in cultural environments and practices. It extends the notion of designer environment (i.e. spatial and procedural arrangements that amplify and scaffold cognition) beyond the usual focus on problem-solving and the task at hand. For outlining the complex capacities that come into play with the linguistic, cultural and literary contexts of literary designer environment, it draws on the critical and literary writings developed by Jesuits in eighteenth-century France. In particular, these literary designer environments enable fictional extensions of thought where immersive experience and abstract reflection can be combined. The article discusses individual literary texts and the larger intertextual net of literature in terms of the designer environment and suggests to broaden the perspectives from distributed cognition, the cognitive niche and scaffolded learning to include these.Less
This chapter revisits earlier accounts of distributed cognition in cultural environments and practices. It extends the notion of designer environment (i.e. spatial and procedural arrangements that amplify and scaffold cognition) beyond the usual focus on problem-solving and the task at hand. For outlining the complex capacities that come into play with the linguistic, cultural and literary contexts of literary designer environment, it draws on the critical and literary writings developed by Jesuits in eighteenth-century France. In particular, these literary designer environments enable fictional extensions of thought where immersive experience and abstract reflection can be combined. The article discusses individual literary texts and the larger intertextual net of literature in terms of the designer environment and suggests to broaden the perspectives from distributed cognition, the cognitive niche and scaffolded learning to include these.
Richard C. Sha
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781474442282
- eISBN:
- 9781474476904
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781474442282.003.0012
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy
This essay seeks to understand the implications of the distribution of cognition across the arbitrary boundary of skull and skin into the environment so that cognition can be partly offloaded onto ...
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This essay seeks to understand the implications of the distribution of cognition across the arbitrary boundary of skull and skin into the environment so that cognition can be partly offloaded onto the environment, and in so doing, open up new areas of inquiry for distributed cognition such as subject/object relations and scepticism. It reframes William Blake’s ‘London’ so that we can look afresh at his speaker. Blake’s blurring of where inputs and outputs begin and end make him an ideal candidate for such an inquiry, and he highlights the stiff price to be paid for all this cognitive efficiency: the inability to distinguish between affordances and ideology.Less
This essay seeks to understand the implications of the distribution of cognition across the arbitrary boundary of skull and skin into the environment so that cognition can be partly offloaded onto the environment, and in so doing, open up new areas of inquiry for distributed cognition such as subject/object relations and scepticism. It reframes William Blake’s ‘London’ so that we can look afresh at his speaker. Blake’s blurring of where inputs and outputs begin and end make him an ideal candidate for such an inquiry, and he highlights the stiff price to be paid for all this cognitive efficiency: the inability to distinguish between affordances and ideology.
Kevin Newmark
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780823240128
- eISBN:
- 9780823240166
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823240128.003.0012
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
No writer in the 20th century was more responsive to the possibilities and pitfalls of irony than Paul de Man. Although the term “irony” is not deployed in sustained manner in his last writings, it ...
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No writer in the 20th century was more responsive to the possibilities and pitfalls of irony than Paul de Man. Although the term “irony” is not deployed in sustained manner in his last writings, it could be argued that irony remained de Man's constant object of interrogation and concern. This chapter considers how the motif of “articulation” functions in de Man's late thought as one site where irony's force of disruption must be encountered and accounted for. The specific example is Kant's third Critique, and within it, the moment of the sublime. The sublime must supply the final articulation between pure and practical reason, cognition and action. De Man's reading of Kant's text discloses how this articulation, as necessary as it remains, falls subject to “ironic” disarticulation at every point. It therefore also suggests how and why “irony” becomes a principle of repeated interruption in the reception of Kant's aesthetic by Schlegel, Kierkegaard, and Nietzsche.Less
No writer in the 20th century was more responsive to the possibilities and pitfalls of irony than Paul de Man. Although the term “irony” is not deployed in sustained manner in his last writings, it could be argued that irony remained de Man's constant object of interrogation and concern. This chapter considers how the motif of “articulation” functions in de Man's late thought as one site where irony's force of disruption must be encountered and accounted for. The specific example is Kant's third Critique, and within it, the moment of the sublime. The sublime must supply the final articulation between pure and practical reason, cognition and action. De Man's reading of Kant's text discloses how this articulation, as necessary as it remains, falls subject to “ironic” disarticulation at every point. It therefore also suggests how and why “irony” becomes a principle of repeated interruption in the reception of Kant's aesthetic by Schlegel, Kierkegaard, and Nietzsche.
Barry Allen
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- January 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780231172721
- eISBN:
- 9780231539340
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231172721.003.0002
- Subject:
- Religion, World Religions
Canonical Western philosophers tend to acknowledge no value for the body. However, not all are contemptuous of the body; some of them invented materialism, the theory that everything in nature is ...
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Canonical Western philosophers tend to acknowledge no value for the body. However, not all are contemptuous of the body; some of them invented materialism, the theory that everything in nature is body. Philosophy in the wake of Darwin has begun to create new ways of thinking about the body that martial arts train. Among these the chapter discusses work on somaesthetics, body phenomenology, and embodied cognition.Less
Canonical Western philosophers tend to acknowledge no value for the body. However, not all are contemptuous of the body; some of them invented materialism, the theory that everything in nature is body. Philosophy in the wake of Darwin has begun to create new ways of thinking about the body that martial arts train. Among these the chapter discusses work on somaesthetics, body phenomenology, and embodied cognition.
Lisa García Bedolla and Melissa R. Michelson
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- October 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780300166781
- eISBN:
- 9780300167399
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300166781.003.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
This chapter discusses the development of the Sociocultural Cognition Model of voting behavior for understanding get-out-the-vote (GOTV) effectiveness. The model is used to analyze GOTV campaign ...
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This chapter discusses the development of the Sociocultural Cognition Model of voting behavior for understanding get-out-the-vote (GOTV) effectiveness. The model is used to analyze GOTV campaign impact by tactic and election type. The model argues that GOTV effectiveness is rooted in the effect it has on individual-level cognition and that that cognition, in turn, must be situated within its sociocultural context. An overview of the subsequent chapters is also presented.Less
This chapter discusses the development of the Sociocultural Cognition Model of voting behavior for understanding get-out-the-vote (GOTV) effectiveness. The model is used to analyze GOTV campaign impact by tactic and election type. The model argues that GOTV effectiveness is rooted in the effect it has on individual-level cognition and that that cognition, in turn, must be situated within its sociocultural context. An overview of the subsequent chapters is also presented.
Lisa García Bedolla and Melissa R. Michelson
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- October 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780300166781
- eISBN:
- 9780300167399
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300166781.003.0007
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
This chapter summarizes the lessons learned from the California Votes Initiative (CVI). It describes the theoretical and methodological implications of the Sociocultural Cognition Model; and the ...
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This chapter summarizes the lessons learned from the California Votes Initiative (CVI). It describes the theoretical and methodological implications of the Sociocultural Cognition Model; and the normative implications of the present study in terms of democratic citizenship, inclusion, and representation. It discusses how nontraditional partnerships can produce important, innovative, and meaningful outcomes.Less
This chapter summarizes the lessons learned from the California Votes Initiative (CVI). It describes the theoretical and methodological implications of the Sociocultural Cognition Model; and the normative implications of the present study in terms of democratic citizenship, inclusion, and representation. It discusses how nontraditional partnerships can produce important, innovative, and meaningful outcomes.
Neema Parvini
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- May 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781474432870
- eISBN:
- 9781474453745
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781474432870.003.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, Shakespeare Studies
At a time when some feel that Western civilization is at a moment of crisis – and in which many are taking stock and looking for meaning – this chapter introduces a book which looks, as so many ...
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At a time when some feel that Western civilization is at a moment of crisis – and in which many are taking stock and looking for meaning – this chapter introduces a book which looks, as so many previous generations have looked, to the great literature of the past for some insight, and perhaps even for some guidance. Crucially responding to the call to update the methods and assumptions of literary analysis, this chapter builds on the author’s previous books, Shakespeare’s History Plays (2012) and Shakespeare and Cognition (2015) in seeking to move beyond historicism by adapting concepts taken from latest psychological research. This chapter is divided into two parts. The first outlines history Moral Foundations Theory (“MFT”), pioneered by Jonathan Haidt. The second refines the latest thought on literary character and cognition, before expanding on how it might be usefully employed in approaching the question of morality in Shakespeare’s plays.Less
At a time when some feel that Western civilization is at a moment of crisis – and in which many are taking stock and looking for meaning – this chapter introduces a book which looks, as so many previous generations have looked, to the great literature of the past for some insight, and perhaps even for some guidance. Crucially responding to the call to update the methods and assumptions of literary analysis, this chapter builds on the author’s previous books, Shakespeare’s History Plays (2012) and Shakespeare and Cognition (2015) in seeking to move beyond historicism by adapting concepts taken from latest psychological research. This chapter is divided into two parts. The first outlines history Moral Foundations Theory (“MFT”), pioneered by Jonathan Haidt. The second refines the latest thought on literary character and cognition, before expanding on how it might be usefully employed in approaching the question of morality in Shakespeare’s plays.
Daniel D. Hutto and Erik Myin
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- August 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780262018548
- eISBN:
- 9780262312172
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262018548.003.0003
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Philosophy of Mind
This chapter upsets the Content Involving Cognition (CIC) applecart by examining familiar reasons for thinking that we can go at least part of the way toward explaining basic cognition without having ...
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This chapter upsets the Content Involving Cognition (CIC) applecart by examining familiar reasons for thinking that we can go at least part of the way toward explaining basic cognition without having to call on the notion of content at all. For example, the well-known successes in building flexible, behavior-based robots and understanding the environment-involving cognitive antics of certain insects appear to have progressed precisely because CIC thinking was rejected. Appealing to these developments, it is argued that there is every reason to think the same approach will work when it comes to explaining many sophisticated human doings too—especially those associated with manual activities such as reaching and grasping. If this is right, it is possible that cognitive science may go much further than is typically supposed without CIC; potentially Radical Enactive Cognition (REC) has real reach. This overcomes a familiar worry that REC, even if it is true in some domains, has a very limited scope.Less
This chapter upsets the Content Involving Cognition (CIC) applecart by examining familiar reasons for thinking that we can go at least part of the way toward explaining basic cognition without having to call on the notion of content at all. For example, the well-known successes in building flexible, behavior-based robots and understanding the environment-involving cognitive antics of certain insects appear to have progressed precisely because CIC thinking was rejected. Appealing to these developments, it is argued that there is every reason to think the same approach will work when it comes to explaining many sophisticated human doings too—especially those associated with manual activities such as reaching and grasping. If this is right, it is possible that cognitive science may go much further than is typically supposed without CIC; potentially Radical Enactive Cognition (REC) has real reach. This overcomes a familiar worry that REC, even if it is true in some domains, has a very limited scope.
