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The report of the Committee on the Financial Aspects of Corporate Governance with its Code of Best Practice was published in December 1992. The report included recommendations to investors, accountants, and auditors, but at its heart was the Code of Best Practice, which was directed to the boards of all listed companies registered in the UK. This chapter deals primarily with the consequences of the development of governance codes for the chairmen and boards of UK listed companies.

This chapter reviews the role that international organizations can play in the globalization of health care, by giving a detailed account of the negotiations giving rise to the May 2010 adoption by the World Health Assembly (WHA) of the World Health Organization (WHO) Global Code of Practice on the International Recruitment of Health Personnel. The first draft of the Code had recommended voluntary measures to promote national compliance. The adoption of the WHO Global Code has been regarded as one of the major achievements of the Health Assembly. The Code comprises procedural mechanisms to advance implementation that are more potent than those incorporated in the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC). Despite the goodwill and multilateral spirit exhibited as part of the WHO Global Code adoption process, there is real danger that the norms formulated in the WHO Global Code may not be reflected in national and international laws, policies, and programs.

This chapter discusses the various instruments of formal regulation of, and relating to, international education and student welfare in New Zealand. It covers the higher education law context, and the Code of Practice for the Pastoral Care of International Students. The chapter also discusses the international education policy debate in New Zealand, including the student grievance handling regime embodied in the International Education Appeal Authority, which constitutes an international student ombudsman. Most importantly the key empirical findings in relation to the student welfare impact of formal and informal regulation are discussed and analysed.

As the UKCS matures, the likelihood is that new discoveries (outside frontier areas, at least) will be relatively small. Their prospects for development will depend upon their ability to be linked up with the existingoil and gas transportation infrastructure.Where (as will almost invariably be the case) this infrastructure is in the ownership of others, securing access to that infrastructure can be a difficult process. The Secretary of State has a statutory power to compel the owner to permit access to its infrastructure and to determine the commercial terms on which such access takes place; however this power has been very rarely used in practice. This chapter describes and analyses the complex framework of legislation, Ministerial Guidance and Industry Codes of Best Practice which govern this situation, and discusses the reasons why applicants have hitherto been so reluctant to exercise their right to refer access disputes to the Secretary of State.

This Addendum was added in order to keep the book as current as possible. It includes a final note on recent developments. It also includes two appendices: the commitments made by the Association of British Insurers in its Code of Practice on Genetic Testing and Insurance; and the Privacy Best Practices released by the Future of Privacy Forum

This chapter provides an overview of how the Scottish Information Commissioner evaluates the country’s public authorities in terms of dealing with complaints from applicants requesting for information. The Commissioner may assess whether a public authority is following good practice; if not, he may give it a practice recommendation. An authority that fails to comply with the provisions in the Freedom of Information (Scotland) Act 2002 (FOISA), such as not responding on time or failing to inform the applicant of the right of appeal, may be cited in the decision notice, even if the authority is not required to take any action in respect of that specific failure. In such cases, the Commissioner may conduct ‘technical investigations’ and require the authority to remedy the failing by complying with the request for information. The revised Code of Practice includes good practice guidance on both FOISA and the Environmental Information Regulations. This chapter discusses the Commissioner’s programme of practice assessments, or performance audits, of public authorities.

This chapter explores the Campbell and Cosans case involving Jane Cosans, mother of the fifteen-year-old Jeffrey Cosans, and Grace Campbell, mother of the six-year-old Gordon Campbell. Both women protested the use of corporal punishment as a disciplinary measure in their children's schools. The mothers lodged the case before the European Commission for Human Rights (ECHR), claiming that corporal punishment was both degrading and inhumane, and thus a violation of Article 3 of ECHR's Protocol 1. As a defence, the state schools, through the UK government, argued that the Scotland's domestic law and the 1968 Code of Practice provided adequate safeguards against such punishment. The ECHR rejected the claim of the mothers. The mothers then appealed the case before the European Court of Human Rights, yet it was subsequently dismissed.

This chapter discusses the various instruments of formal regulation of, and relating to, international education and student welfare in Australia. It covers the higher education law context, the Education Services for Overseas Students (ESOS) Act and the National Code of Practice for Registration Authorities and Training to Overseas Students (the ‘National Code’), together labelled the ‘ESOS Framework’. The chapter also discusses the vibrant international education policy debate in Australia, including government sponsored inquiries and reports, as well as discussion of the question of an education ombudsman. Most importantly, the key empirical findings in relation to the student welfare impact of formal and informal regulation are discussed and analysed.

Writing in 1972, HWR Wade drew attention to the difficulties which British law put in the way of the ordinary citizen trying to obtain or use information in government hands. Wade strikingly commented: ‘This ought to be a topic of administrative law, but it will not become one until Britain, like the United States, gives the public some sort of legal right against the government, and subscribes to the healthy American philosophy of “the public’s right to know”.’ Chapter 3 traces the development of administrative law in the 1960s, the campaign for freedom of information, the piecemeal legislative process, and the 1994 Code of Practice on Access to Government Information. The chapter concludes with an analysis of the 1997 White Paper Your Right to Know and the debates in Parliament as the 2000 Act was passed into law.