David Manning
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195182392
- eISBN:
- 9780199851485
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195182392.003.0062
- Subject:
- Music, History, Western
Father George Chambers' masterly treatise ought really to be unnecessary. Hubert Parry, in his Evolution of the Art of Music, has proved conclusively that music obeys the laws of heredity, and that a ...
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Father George Chambers' masterly treatise ought really to be unnecessary. Hubert Parry, in his Evolution of the Art of Music, has proved conclusively that music obeys the laws of heredity, and that a Beethoven symphony is in the direct line of descent from a primitive folk song. It is perhaps lucky that bat-eyed musicologists have not recognized this, and that it has been necessary for Father George Chambers to write this delightful, learned, and, to my mind, entirely persuasive essay. In their opinion the written word was impeccable and oral tradition fallible. One of the most interesting chapters of this book contains convincing proof that the “Jubilus” is not an ecclesiastical parallel to the coloratura of the prima donna, but has developed out of the wordless melismata of primitive people when their mystical emotions got beyond words.Less
Father George Chambers' masterly treatise ought really to be unnecessary. Hubert Parry, in his Evolution of the Art of Music, has proved conclusively that music obeys the laws of heredity, and that a Beethoven symphony is in the direct line of descent from a primitive folk song. It is perhaps lucky that bat-eyed musicologists have not recognized this, and that it has been necessary for Father George Chambers to write this delightful, learned, and, to my mind, entirely persuasive essay. In their opinion the written word was impeccable and oral tradition fallible. One of the most interesting chapters of this book contains convincing proof that the “Jubilus” is not an ecclesiastical parallel to the coloratura of the prima donna, but has developed out of the wordless melismata of primitive people when their mystical emotions got beyond words.
Williams Martin
- Published in print:
- 1993
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195083491
- eISBN:
- 9780199853205
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195083491.003.0035
- Subject:
- Music, Popular
The album is sort of a sequel to the earlier “Art Pepper Meets Rhythm Section”, one of the greatest in contemporary jazz. It was made in 1957 and the rhythm section was one of the best Miles Davis ...
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The album is sort of a sequel to the earlier “Art Pepper Meets Rhythm Section”, one of the greatest in contemporary jazz. It was made in 1957 and the rhythm section was one of the best Miles Davis quintets during that time, with Red Garland on the piano; Paul Chambers playing the bass; and Philly Joe Jones on drums. Art Pepper himself had not played for two weeks before the night it was made. The last track “Gettin' Together” was only made because Pepper wanted to record blues on tenor, and it was just Pepper, Kelly, and the rest of the band playing ad lib while the tape was rolling.Less
The album is sort of a sequel to the earlier “Art Pepper Meets Rhythm Section”, one of the greatest in contemporary jazz. It was made in 1957 and the rhythm section was one of the best Miles Davis quintets during that time, with Red Garland on the piano; Paul Chambers playing the bass; and Philly Joe Jones on drums. Art Pepper himself had not played for two weeks before the night it was made. The last track “Gettin' Together” was only made because Pepper wanted to record blues on tenor, and it was just Pepper, Kelly, and the rest of the band playing ad lib while the tape was rolling.
G. R. Searle
- Published in print:
- 1993
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198203575
- eISBN:
- 9780191675874
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198203575.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History
In 1860, many of the provincial Chambers of Commerce in Britain decided to form a federation in order to increase the influence of businessmen on Parliament and the government. With the emergence of ...
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In 1860, many of the provincial Chambers of Commerce in Britain decided to form a federation in order to increase the influence of businessmen on Parliament and the government. With the emergence of the Association of Chambers of Commerce (ACC), a new era in entrepreneurial politics had begun. From modest beginnings, the association quickly made its mark on political life, since despite the patchiness of its geographical spread, it had affiliated to it the Chambers of most of the important industrial and commercial areas, particularly in Yorkshire and the Midlands. ACC saw its own role as being ‘a most useful medium of communication between the commercial, manufacturing and trading classes and the government of this country’. This chapter explores the development of commercial politics in Britain from 1850 to 1870, the decimalization issue, the dispute between businessmen and the legal profession, the issue of patents, and limited liability.Less
In 1860, many of the provincial Chambers of Commerce in Britain decided to form a federation in order to increase the influence of businessmen on Parliament and the government. With the emergence of the Association of Chambers of Commerce (ACC), a new era in entrepreneurial politics had begun. From modest beginnings, the association quickly made its mark on political life, since despite the patchiness of its geographical spread, it had affiliated to it the Chambers of most of the important industrial and commercial areas, particularly in Yorkshire and the Midlands. ACC saw its own role as being ‘a most useful medium of communication between the commercial, manufacturing and trading classes and the government of this country’. This chapter explores the development of commercial politics in Britain from 1850 to 1870, the decimalization issue, the dispute between businessmen and the legal profession, the issue of patents, and limited liability.
Franz Neumann
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691134130
- eISBN:
- 9781400846467
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691134130.003.0018
- Subject:
- History, Military History
This chapter focuses on cartels and cartel-like organizations in Nazi Germany. The report explains German industrial organization is dominated by large vertical combines. Cartels and other ...
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This chapter focuses on cartels and cartel-like organizations in Nazi Germany. The report explains German industrial organization is dominated by large vertical combines. Cartels and other associations of business, a common fixture of the German economy, have been used by the combines as means for the domination of industry and are in part a reflection of the degree of concentration of German industry. The prototypes of the combines are those within so-called heavy industry. The chapter first considers the role of cartels and cartel-like organizations in Germany before offering a number of recommendations relating to denazification, administration, cartels, Reichsvereinigungen, the Chambers of Industry and Commerce, and the main committees and rings.Less
This chapter focuses on cartels and cartel-like organizations in Nazi Germany. The report explains German industrial organization is dominated by large vertical combines. Cartels and other associations of business, a common fixture of the German economy, have been used by the combines as means for the domination of industry and are in part a reflection of the degree of concentration of German industry. The prototypes of the combines are those within so-called heavy industry. The chapter first considers the role of cartels and cartel-like organizations in Germany before offering a number of recommendations relating to denazification, administration, cartels, Reichsvereinigungen, the Chambers of Industry and Commerce, and the main committees and rings.
Ronald Hutton
- Published in print:
- 1996
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198205708
- eISBN:
- 9780191676758
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198205708.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Medieval History, British and Irish Early Modern History
Reginald Tiddy wrote the Mummers' Play, a ‘classic’ found all over southern England and the south Midlands, and performed in the Christmas season. Several elements of it were also present in plays ...
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Reginald Tiddy wrote the Mummers' Play, a ‘classic’ found all over southern England and the south Midlands, and performed in the Christmas season. Several elements of it were also present in plays presented in the east Midlands on Plough Monday, in Cheshire in November, and in the north-west at Eastertide, to be described later; and also in the north-eastern Christmastide Sword Dance. Over much of the West Country, Father Christmas made the introduction, while everywhere St George or King George was the most common champion, fighting either a Saracen knight or a swaggering soldier called, most frequently, Slasher. The doctor was ubiquitous, and often had an assistant, and the combats could be single or multiple. A renowned scholar of medieval and Elizabethan drama, Sir Edmund Chambers, published a more detailed appraisal of this play, and added a lengthy discussion of the northern Sword Dance, to which it had already been linked.Less
Reginald Tiddy wrote the Mummers' Play, a ‘classic’ found all over southern England and the south Midlands, and performed in the Christmas season. Several elements of it were also present in plays presented in the east Midlands on Plough Monday, in Cheshire in November, and in the north-west at Eastertide, to be described later; and also in the north-eastern Christmastide Sword Dance. Over much of the West Country, Father Christmas made the introduction, while everywhere St George or King George was the most common champion, fighting either a Saracen knight or a swaggering soldier called, most frequently, Slasher. The doctor was ubiquitous, and often had an assistant, and the combats could be single or multiple. A renowned scholar of medieval and Elizabethan drama, Sir Edmund Chambers, published a more detailed appraisal of this play, and added a lengthy discussion of the northern Sword Dance, to which it had already been linked.
David Ellis
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199546657
- eISBN:
- 9780191701443
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199546657.003.0015
- Subject:
- Literature, 20th-century Literature and Modernism
This chapter discusses the death and funeral of Lawrence. The rapidity with which Lawrence was buried meant that there was no opportunity for members of his family, or for his friends from England, ...
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This chapter discusses the death and funeral of Lawrence. The rapidity with which Lawrence was buried meant that there was no opportunity for members of his family, or for his friends from England, to attend the funeral. This particularly distressed his younger sister Ada, who had nursed her brother through several serious illnesses, lent him money during the war, and was the family member best equipped, through educational training and intelligence, to understand and follow his literary career. But some of Lawrence's friends came to attend the funeral especially Jessie Chambers. After his death Frieda brought back involuntary memories on him and looked forward with optimism to the future.Less
This chapter discusses the death and funeral of Lawrence. The rapidity with which Lawrence was buried meant that there was no opportunity for members of his family, or for his friends from England, to attend the funeral. This particularly distressed his younger sister Ada, who had nursed her brother through several serious illnesses, lent him money during the war, and was the family member best equipped, through educational training and intelligence, to understand and follow his literary career. But some of Lawrence's friends came to attend the funeral especially Jessie Chambers. After his death Frieda brought back involuntary memories on him and looked forward with optimism to the future.
V. Markham Lester
- Published in print:
- 1995
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198205180
- eISBN:
- 9780191676536
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198205180.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History, Economic History
This chapter examines the dismantlement of the official system of debt collection and bankruptcy policy in England during the 1860s. The system was replaced by one that emphasized creditor control, ...
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This chapter examines the dismantlement of the official system of debt collection and bankruptcy policy in England during the 1860s. The system was replaced by one that emphasized creditor control, with the judiciary playing little role in the collection and distribution of bankruptsʼ assets. This radical change was brought about by the growing influence of business leaders who often exercised their influence through new organizations like local chambers of commerce, the Social Science Association, and the Associated Chambers of Commerce.Less
This chapter examines the dismantlement of the official system of debt collection and bankruptcy policy in England during the 1860s. The system was replaced by one that emphasized creditor control, with the judiciary playing little role in the collection and distribution of bankruptsʼ assets. This radical change was brought about by the growing influence of business leaders who often exercised their influence through new organizations like local chambers of commerce, the Social Science Association, and the Associated Chambers of Commerce.
Thad Williamson
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195369434
- eISBN:
- 9780199852826
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195369434.003.0006
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
This chapter provides an empirical scrutiny of sprawl and liberal values—social trust, tolerance, and respect for diversity. It also provides an in-depth discussion of the neighbourhood ...
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This chapter provides an empirical scrutiny of sprawl and liberal values—social trust, tolerance, and respect for diversity. It also provides an in-depth discussion of the neighbourhood characteristics of sprawl and its affinity with political conservatism—in conceptualizing the possibility of Rawls liberal egalitarian ideology as applied within the context of current American lifestyles. However, as Simone Chambers points out, for both notions of equal opportunity in political culture and conservative notions of present US distributive justice, which promote personal responsibility and legitimizing inequalities, Rawls' egalitarianism application on present US distributive justice is problematic. Results are not as “just” as Rawls would illustrate.Less
This chapter provides an empirical scrutiny of sprawl and liberal values—social trust, tolerance, and respect for diversity. It also provides an in-depth discussion of the neighbourhood characteristics of sprawl and its affinity with political conservatism—in conceptualizing the possibility of Rawls liberal egalitarian ideology as applied within the context of current American lifestyles. However, as Simone Chambers points out, for both notions of equal opportunity in political culture and conservative notions of present US distributive justice, which promote personal responsibility and legitimizing inequalities, Rawls' egalitarianism application on present US distributive justice is problematic. Results are not as “just” as Rawls would illustrate.
Ronald Hutton
- Published in print:
- 1996
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198205708
- eISBN:
- 9780191676758
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198205708.003.0025
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Medieval History, British and Irish Early Modern History
For the next 60 years, the notion of the origins of morris put forward by Sir Edmund Chambers and Cecil Sharp held sway among the public in general and among folkdancers and folklorists in ...
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For the next 60 years, the notion of the origins of morris put forward by Sir Edmund Chambers and Cecil Sharp held sway among the public in general and among folkdancers and folklorists in particular. The latter two groups carried out a very valuable amount of additional fieldwork and research into the recent history of the dance. It was, however, always interpreted within the same theoretical framework, authors differing only over the precise relationship between the different varieties of ritual dance and drama in their common descent from the religion of the Neolithic. To preserve Sharp's definition of ‘purity’, upon his death in 1924 the English Folk Dance Society set up a Board of Artistic Control to vet all additions to the repertoire.Less
For the next 60 years, the notion of the origins of morris put forward by Sir Edmund Chambers and Cecil Sharp held sway among the public in general and among folkdancers and folklorists in particular. The latter two groups carried out a very valuable amount of additional fieldwork and research into the recent history of the dance. It was, however, always interpreted within the same theoretical framework, authors differing only over the precise relationship between the different varieties of ritual dance and drama in their common descent from the religion of the Neolithic. To preserve Sharp's definition of ‘purity’, upon his death in 1924 the English Folk Dance Society set up a Board of Artistic Control to vet all additions to the repertoire.
Neil Roberts
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- September 2017
- ISBN:
- 9781942954187
- eISBN:
- 9781786944139
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9781942954187.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, 20th-century and Contemporary Literature
Lawrence’s autobiographical novel Sons and Lovers was written in four drafts between August 1910 and November 1912. During that period Lawrence’s mother died, he finally broke with Jessie Chambers, ...
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Lawrence’s autobiographical novel Sons and Lovers was written in four drafts between August 1910 and November 1912. During that period Lawrence’s mother died, he finally broke with Jessie Chambers, the original of Miriam, had an affair with Alice Dax, the main model for Clara, had a year-long engagement to Louie Burrows, nearly died of pneumonia, gave up teaching, met Frieda Weekley and lived abroad with her in Germany and Italy. When he began Sons and Lovers he was a schoolteacher in south London writing after work in the evenings; when he completed it he was a full-time professional writer living with Frieda in Italy. The writing of the novel and the life on which it was based were closely intertwined. Moreover, Frieda and Jessie crucially influenced the writing of the book. Jessie wrote sections of it herself and encouraged Lawrence to make it more directly autobiographical. Frieda introduced Lawrence to the concept of the Oedipus Complex. In many ways the book is the result of dialogues with Jessie and Frieda. Jessie was devastated with the outcome, which she considered a slander and a betrayal. But Lawrence incorporated her answering voice, as well as Frieda’s, in the text. This book combines biography and textual scholarship to bring to life the dramatic story of the writing of Sons and Lovers.Less
Lawrence’s autobiographical novel Sons and Lovers was written in four drafts between August 1910 and November 1912. During that period Lawrence’s mother died, he finally broke with Jessie Chambers, the original of Miriam, had an affair with Alice Dax, the main model for Clara, had a year-long engagement to Louie Burrows, nearly died of pneumonia, gave up teaching, met Frieda Weekley and lived abroad with her in Germany and Italy. When he began Sons and Lovers he was a schoolteacher in south London writing after work in the evenings; when he completed it he was a full-time professional writer living with Frieda in Italy. The writing of the novel and the life on which it was based were closely intertwined. Moreover, Frieda and Jessie crucially influenced the writing of the book. Jessie wrote sections of it herself and encouraged Lawrence to make it more directly autobiographical. Frieda introduced Lawrence to the concept of the Oedipus Complex. In many ways the book is the result of dialogues with Jessie and Frieda. Jessie was devastated with the outcome, which she considered a slander and a betrayal. But Lawrence incorporated her answering voice, as well as Frieda’s, in the text. This book combines biography and textual scholarship to bring to life the dramatic story of the writing of Sons and Lovers.
Sidney Pash
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- March 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780823231201
- eISBN:
- 9780823240791
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fso/9780823231201.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
John Chambers' wide-ranging scholarship, which includes studies of the Progressive era, the peace movement, United States foreign relations, conscientious objectors, the Army ...
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John Chambers' wide-ranging scholarship, which includes studies of the Progressive era, the peace movement, United States foreign relations, conscientious objectors, the Army Corps of Engineers, the draft—and, most recently, the Office of Strategic Services—has attracted a diverse range of students and admirers. This volume, focusing on the Second World War, brings together chapters from many of those whom John has mentored and befriended over the years. To varying degrees, each contributor's interests—and, therefore, the work that follows—have been shaped by their relationship with John Chambers and by their study of his eclectic, approachable, and penetrating scholarship. An overview of the subsequent chapters is presented.Less
John Chambers' wide-ranging scholarship, which includes studies of the Progressive era, the peace movement, United States foreign relations, conscientious objectors, the Army Corps of Engineers, the draft—and, most recently, the Office of Strategic Services—has attracted a diverse range of students and admirers. This volume, focusing on the Second World War, brings together chapters from many of those whom John has mentored and befriended over the years. To varying degrees, each contributor's interests—and, therefore, the work that follows—have been shaped by their relationship with John Chambers and by their study of his eclectic, approachable, and penetrating scholarship. An overview of the subsequent chapters is presented.
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- March 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226276519
- eISBN:
- 9780226276540
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226276540.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, History of Science, Technology, and Medicine
This chapter assesses the activities of W. & R. Chambers in the early days of their history. William Chambers and his younger brother Robert were booksellers who used the dead time in their shops to ...
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This chapter assesses the activities of W. & R. Chambers in the early days of their history. William Chambers and his younger brother Robert were booksellers who used the dead time in their shops to pursue other interests. They were among the small number of younger publishers who concentrated on the needs of readers with only a basic education and very limited spare cash. Six weeks before the Penny Magazine was launched, and four hundred miles further north, William Chambers had already begun his second attempt at a cheap magazine. The Chambers's Edinburgh Journal—later called just Chambers's Journal—would eschew party politics and religious sectarianism in its efforts to appeal to the broadest possible audience. To readers, the most obvious distinction between Chambers's Journal and the Penny Magazine would have been their visual appearance. Chambers's Journal successfully defended its niche in the magazine market into the twentieth century.Less
This chapter assesses the activities of W. & R. Chambers in the early days of their history. William Chambers and his younger brother Robert were booksellers who used the dead time in their shops to pursue other interests. They were among the small number of younger publishers who concentrated on the needs of readers with only a basic education and very limited spare cash. Six weeks before the Penny Magazine was launched, and four hundred miles further north, William Chambers had already begun his second attempt at a cheap magazine. The Chambers's Edinburgh Journal—later called just Chambers's Journal—would eschew party politics and religious sectarianism in its efforts to appeal to the broadest possible audience. To readers, the most obvious distinction between Chambers's Journal and the Penny Magazine would have been their visual appearance. Chambers's Journal successfully defended its niche in the magazine market into the twentieth century.
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- March 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226276519
- eISBN:
- 9780226276540
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226276540.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, History of Science, Technology, and Medicine
This chapter considers the problem that William and Robert Chambers found themselves facing by the middle of 1832. Printing Chambers's Journal in advance helped to solve the distribution problem, but ...
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This chapter considers the problem that William and Robert Chambers found themselves facing by the middle of 1832. Printing Chambers's Journal in advance helped to solve the distribution problem, but it did nothing to change the fact that a week's worth of copies needed to be produced in no more than a week. On paper, the decision to use steam power might appeared straightforward: The firm wanted to increase output more than hand presses could easily achieve, and steam would have seemed like an ideal choice. The Chambers' decision to become printers as well as publishers reflects both their Edinburgh setting and their origins as magazine publishers. It was the success of the weekly Chambers's Journal that encouraged W. & R. Chambers to use steam printing.Less
This chapter considers the problem that William and Robert Chambers found themselves facing by the middle of 1832. Printing Chambers's Journal in advance helped to solve the distribution problem, but it did nothing to change the fact that a week's worth of copies needed to be produced in no more than a week. On paper, the decision to use steam power might appeared straightforward: The firm wanted to increase output more than hand presses could easily achieve, and steam would have seemed like an ideal choice. The Chambers' decision to become printers as well as publishers reflects both their Edinburgh setting and their origins as magazine publishers. It was the success of the weekly Chambers's Journal that encouraged W. & R. Chambers to use steam printing.
Robert J. Bennett
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199584734
- eISBN:
- 9780191731105
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199584734.003.0002
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Business History
Because the book is mainly thematic, this chapter gives a historical overview to put the themes into a context. It traces the earliest chambers of commerce, from 1767, and ‘delegate’ bodies that ...
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Because the book is mainly thematic, this chapter gives a historical overview to put the themes into a context. It traces the earliest chambers of commerce, from 1767, and ‘delegate’ bodies that participated in the General Chamber of Manufacturers 1785-7, and the Union of chambers 1793-1805. It demonstrates how the chambers of commerce developed in every major city, and were copied in smaller towns by chambers of trade. It describes how early societies for credit and debt collection worked with the chambers, and how chambers of agriculture competed. For the twentieth century the chapter traces competition from sector-based trade associations and national bodies such as CBI. It demonstrates the peripheralization of local voice up to the 1980s, but a revival as up to the present as providers of business services and partners with government in economic development and workforce training.Less
Because the book is mainly thematic, this chapter gives a historical overview to put the themes into a context. It traces the earliest chambers of commerce, from 1767, and ‘delegate’ bodies that participated in the General Chamber of Manufacturers 1785-7, and the Union of chambers 1793-1805. It demonstrates how the chambers of commerce developed in every major city, and were copied in smaller towns by chambers of trade. It describes how early societies for credit and debt collection worked with the chambers, and how chambers of agriculture competed. For the twentieth century the chapter traces competition from sector-based trade associations and national bodies such as CBI. It demonstrates the peripheralization of local voice up to the 1980s, but a revival as up to the present as providers of business services and partners with government in economic development and workforce training.
Neil Roberts
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- September 2017
- ISBN:
- 9781942954187
- eISBN:
- 9781786944139
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9781942954187.003.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, 20th-century and Contemporary Literature
Lawrence wrote Sons and Lovers in four drafts over a period of two years. When he began it he was an elementary school teacher in London, contemplating his mother’s approaching death. When he ...
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Lawrence wrote Sons and Lovers in four drafts over a period of two years. When he began it he was an elementary school teacher in London, contemplating his mother’s approaching death. When he finished it he was living in Italy with Frieda Weekley. This book focuses on the centrality of writing in Lawrence’s life during that period, and the ways in which Sons and Lovers was influenced by his life experiences while writing it, especially the responses of Jessie Chambers and Frieda to various drafts, as well as by his past.Less
Lawrence wrote Sons and Lovers in four drafts over a period of two years. When he began it he was an elementary school teacher in London, contemplating his mother’s approaching death. When he finished it he was living in Italy with Frieda Weekley. This book focuses on the centrality of writing in Lawrence’s life during that period, and the ways in which Sons and Lovers was influenced by his life experiences while writing it, especially the responses of Jessie Chambers and Frieda to various drafts, as well as by his past.
Christopher M. Kelty
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780226666624
- eISBN:
- 9780226666938
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226666938.003.0006
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Social and Cultural Anthropology
This chapter explores the rise of participatory development in the 20th century, and especially the "tool kits" that are at the heart of this practice. It examines the conflict between local, ...
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This chapter explores the rise of participatory development in the 20th century, and especially the "tool kits" that are at the heart of this practice. It examines the conflict between local, radical, highly context-specific forms of participatory liberation, and the attempt to scale up participation and spread it around the globe, wherever it might be needed. The chapter recounts three stories of participatory development. The first is the response to mid-century experiments in “community development,” reviewed and critiqued by academics and development officials in the United Nations' Popular Participation Programme; the second is the radicalization of participation in the work of Paulo Freire and Participatory Action Research; and the third is the work of development expert Robert Chambers and Participatory Rural Appraisal. The chapter examines the line between the purported “authenticity” of conscientização (consciousness-raising) and the inauthenticity of a script or tool kit designed to produced the same experience. In this chapter the emergence of a tool kit becomes central—taking the form of a leather briefcase filled with scripts, techniques and procedures designed to make participation an experience in villages, farms, urban neighborhoods, and development conferences around the world.Less
This chapter explores the rise of participatory development in the 20th century, and especially the "tool kits" that are at the heart of this practice. It examines the conflict between local, radical, highly context-specific forms of participatory liberation, and the attempt to scale up participation and spread it around the globe, wherever it might be needed. The chapter recounts three stories of participatory development. The first is the response to mid-century experiments in “community development,” reviewed and critiqued by academics and development officials in the United Nations' Popular Participation Programme; the second is the radicalization of participation in the work of Paulo Freire and Participatory Action Research; and the third is the work of development expert Robert Chambers and Participatory Rural Appraisal. The chapter examines the line between the purported “authenticity” of conscientização (consciousness-raising) and the inauthenticity of a script or tool kit designed to produced the same experience. In this chapter the emergence of a tool kit becomes central—taking the form of a leather briefcase filled with scripts, techniques and procedures designed to make participation an experience in villages, farms, urban neighborhoods, and development conferences around the world.
Richard A. Rosen and Joseph Mosnier
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9781469628547
- eISBN:
- 9781469628561
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469628547.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, African-American History
Born in the hamlet of Mount Gilead, North Carolina, Julius Chambers (1936–2013) escaped the fetters of the Jim Crow South to emerge in the 1960s and 1970s as the nation’s leading African American ...
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Born in the hamlet of Mount Gilead, North Carolina, Julius Chambers (1936–2013) escaped the fetters of the Jim Crow South to emerge in the 1960s and 1970s as the nation’s leading African American civil rights attorney. After blazing a unique path through the world of higher education, including becoming the first black student ever to be editor-in-chief of the law review at a historically white southern law school, Chambers was selected as the initial intern for NAACP Legal Defense and Education Fund’s civil rights internship program. Following passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, Chambers worked closely with LDF in forwarding the strategic litigation campaign for civil rights, with Chambers arguing and ultimately winning landmark school and employment desegregation cases at the U.S. Supreme Court. Aided by a small group of white and black attorneys and support staff which he gathered together in a truly integrated law firm, and undaunted by the dynamiting of his home and the arson that destroyed the offices of his law practice, Chambers pushed federal civil rights law to its high-water mark. This book connects the details of Chambers’s life to the wider struggle to secure racial equality through the development of modern civil rights law. Tracing his path from a dilapidated black elementary school to counsel’s lectern at the Supreme Court and beyond, the authors reveal Chambers’s singular influence on the evolution of federal civil rights law after 1964.Less
Born in the hamlet of Mount Gilead, North Carolina, Julius Chambers (1936–2013) escaped the fetters of the Jim Crow South to emerge in the 1960s and 1970s as the nation’s leading African American civil rights attorney. After blazing a unique path through the world of higher education, including becoming the first black student ever to be editor-in-chief of the law review at a historically white southern law school, Chambers was selected as the initial intern for NAACP Legal Defense and Education Fund’s civil rights internship program. Following passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, Chambers worked closely with LDF in forwarding the strategic litigation campaign for civil rights, with Chambers arguing and ultimately winning landmark school and employment desegregation cases at the U.S. Supreme Court. Aided by a small group of white and black attorneys and support staff which he gathered together in a truly integrated law firm, and undaunted by the dynamiting of his home and the arson that destroyed the offices of his law practice, Chambers pushed federal civil rights law to its high-water mark. This book connects the details of Chambers’s life to the wider struggle to secure racial equality through the development of modern civil rights law. Tracing his path from a dilapidated black elementary school to counsel’s lectern at the Supreme Court and beyond, the authors reveal Chambers’s singular influence on the evolution of federal civil rights law after 1964.
Michael Ruse
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780691195957
- eISBN:
- 9781400888603
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691195957.003.0004
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy
This chapter talks about evolution and its existence, although evolutionary theorizing didn't really rise above the status of a pseudoscience. People could see only too clearly that evolution existed ...
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This chapter talks about evolution and its existence, although evolutionary theorizing didn't really rise above the status of a pseudoscience. People could see only too clearly that evolution existed on the back of what many considered the very iffy ideology of cultural progress. One mark was the way in which non-professionals like Robert Chambers felt free to plunge right in with their ideas, as though they had spent their lives working in the laboratory or out in the field. It also discusses the leading professional biologist to get tangled up with ideas of evolution, French naturalist Jean Baptiste de Lamarck, who published his speculations in his Philosophie Zoologique in 1809. That he was an enthusiast for cultural progress is shown if only by the fact that, although a minor aristocrat, it was during the revolution that his career really took off. He became a world-leading invertebrate taxonomist, a scientist of deserved respect, and as such was brought right up against the issue of the end-directed nature of the features of organisms.Less
This chapter talks about evolution and its existence, although evolutionary theorizing didn't really rise above the status of a pseudoscience. People could see only too clearly that evolution existed on the back of what many considered the very iffy ideology of cultural progress. One mark was the way in which non-professionals like Robert Chambers felt free to plunge right in with their ideas, as though they had spent their lives working in the laboratory or out in the field. It also discusses the leading professional biologist to get tangled up with ideas of evolution, French naturalist Jean Baptiste de Lamarck, who published his speculations in his Philosophie Zoologique in 1809. That he was an enthusiast for cultural progress is shown if only by the fact that, although a minor aristocrat, it was during the revolution that his career really took off. He became a world-leading invertebrate taxonomist, a scientist of deserved respect, and as such was brought right up against the issue of the end-directed nature of the features of organisms.
Bill Jenkins
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781474445788
- eISBN:
- 9781474476515
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781474445788.003.0006
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Scottish Studies
The penultimate chapter looks at the longer-term impact of the efflorescence of evolutionary speculation in early-nineteenth-century Edinburgh on later generations of natural historians. First it ...
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The penultimate chapter looks at the longer-term impact of the efflorescence of evolutionary speculation in early-nineteenth-century Edinburgh on later generations of natural historians. First it examines the evangelical reaction against progressive models of the history of life and its role in the eclipse of the ‘Edinburgh Lamarckians.’ Next it examines to the evolutionary theory proposed by Robert Chambers in his anonymously published Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation (1844) to assess its possible debt to the Edinburgh transformists of the 1820s and 1830s. Finally it turns to the important question of the possible influence of the ‘Edinburgh Lamarckians’ on Charles Darwin during his time as a medical student in Edinburgh in the years 1825 to 1827, during which period he rubbed shoulders with many of the key proponents of evolutionary ideas in the city.Less
The penultimate chapter looks at the longer-term impact of the efflorescence of evolutionary speculation in early-nineteenth-century Edinburgh on later generations of natural historians. First it examines the evangelical reaction against progressive models of the history of life and its role in the eclipse of the ‘Edinburgh Lamarckians.’ Next it examines to the evolutionary theory proposed by Robert Chambers in his anonymously published Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation (1844) to assess its possible debt to the Edinburgh transformists of the 1820s and 1830s. Finally it turns to the important question of the possible influence of the ‘Edinburgh Lamarckians’ on Charles Darwin during his time as a medical student in Edinburgh in the years 1825 to 1827, during which period he rubbed shoulders with many of the key proponents of evolutionary ideas in the city.
Ernestine E. Meijer
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199276745
- eISBN:
- 9780191707650
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199276745.003.0011
- Subject:
- Law, Public International Law
This chapter discusses certain aspects of the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia; namely, their jurisdiction, organization, and procedure. It examines the last phase of the negotiations ...
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This chapter discusses certain aspects of the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia; namely, their jurisdiction, organization, and procedure. It examines the last phase of the negotiations between the United Nations (UN) and the Cambodian government, which led to the adoption of the Agreement between the UN and the Royal Government of Cambodia concerning the Prosecution under Cambodian Law of Crimes Committed during the Period of Democratic Kampuchea (the UN-Cambodia Agreement). The relationship between the UN-Cambodia Agreement and Cambodian law is discussed, along with general principles of criminal law, and settlement of disputes between the UN and Cambodia.Less
This chapter discusses certain aspects of the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia; namely, their jurisdiction, organization, and procedure. It examines the last phase of the negotiations between the United Nations (UN) and the Cambodian government, which led to the adoption of the Agreement between the UN and the Royal Government of Cambodia concerning the Prosecution under Cambodian Law of Crimes Committed during the Period of Democratic Kampuchea (the UN-Cambodia Agreement). The relationship between the UN-Cambodia Agreement and Cambodian law is discussed, along with general principles of criminal law, and settlement of disputes between the UN and Cambodia.
