Noel Malcolm and Jacqueline Stedall
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780198564843
- eISBN:
- 9780191713750
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198564843.001.0001
- Subject:
- Mathematics, History of Mathematics
The mathematician John Pell was a member of the Royal Society and one of the generation of scientists that included Boyle, Wren, and Hooke. Although he left a huge body of manuscript materials, he ...
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The mathematician John Pell was a member of the Royal Society and one of the generation of scientists that included Boyle, Wren, and Hooke. Although he left a huge body of manuscript materials, he has remained a neglected figure, whose papers have never been properly explored. This book is a full-length study of Pell and presents an in-depth account of his life and mathematical thinking based on a detailed study of his manuscripts. It also brings to life a strange, appealing, but awkward character, whose failure to publish his discoveries was caused by powerful scruples. In addition, this book shows that the range of Pell's interests extended far beyond mathematics. He was a key member of the circle of the ‘intelligencer’ Samuel Hartlib; he prepared translations of works by Descartes and Comenius; in the 1650s he served as Cromwell's envoy to Switzerland; and in the last part of his life he was an active member of the Royal Society, interested in the whole range of its activities. The study of Pell's life and thought thus illuminates many different aspects of 17th-century intellectual life. The book is in three parts. The first is a detailed biography of Pell; the second is an extended essay on his mathematical work; the third is a richly annotated edition of his correspondence with Sir Charles Cavendish. This correspondence, which has often been cited by scholars but has never been published in full, is concerned not only with mathematics but also with optics, philosophy, and many other subjects. Conducted mainly while Pell was in the Netherlands and Cavendish was also on the Continent, it is a fascinating example of the correspondence that flourished in the 17th-century ‘Republic of Letters’.Less
The mathematician John Pell was a member of the Royal Society and one of the generation of scientists that included Boyle, Wren, and Hooke. Although he left a huge body of manuscript materials, he has remained a neglected figure, whose papers have never been properly explored. This book is a full-length study of Pell and presents an in-depth account of his life and mathematical thinking based on a detailed study of his manuscripts. It also brings to life a strange, appealing, but awkward character, whose failure to publish his discoveries was caused by powerful scruples. In addition, this book shows that the range of Pell's interests extended far beyond mathematics. He was a key member of the circle of the ‘intelligencer’ Samuel Hartlib; he prepared translations of works by Descartes and Comenius; in the 1650s he served as Cromwell's envoy to Switzerland; and in the last part of his life he was an active member of the Royal Society, interested in the whole range of its activities. The study of Pell's life and thought thus illuminates many different aspects of 17th-century intellectual life. The book is in three parts. The first is a detailed biography of Pell; the second is an extended essay on his mathematical work; the third is a richly annotated edition of his correspondence with Sir Charles Cavendish. This correspondence, which has often been cited by scholars but has never been published in full, is concerned not only with mathematics but also with optics, philosophy, and many other subjects. Conducted mainly while Pell was in the Netherlands and Cavendish was also on the Continent, it is a fascinating example of the correspondence that flourished in the 17th-century ‘Republic of Letters’.
Noel Malcolm
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780198564843
- eISBN:
- 9780191713750
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198564843.003.0003
- Subject:
- Mathematics, History of Mathematics
This chapter chronicles the life of John Pell in London from 1638 to 1643. The impetus for Pell's move to London, which appears to have started at the beginning of 1638, came very much from Hartlib, ...
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This chapter chronicles the life of John Pell in London from 1638 to 1643. The impetus for Pell's move to London, which appears to have started at the beginning of 1638, came very much from Hartlib, not from Pell himself. One of the attractions of life in the capital was the prospect of close acquaintance with other members of Hartlib's inner circle. Pell had set himself the task of looking not for someone who would employ him as a mathematics tutor, but for a patron who would support him ‘as an Artist’ — in other words, pay him to get on with his own mathematical projects. In order to attract such patronage, it was necessary to set out some sort of prospectus, explaining what those projects might be. In attracting the attention of Sir Charles Cavendish, Pell enjoyed an extraordinary stroke of good fortune. Not only was his new patron rich, and the brother of one of the most prominent men in England; he was also a man of unusual modesty, affability, and good nature.Less
This chapter chronicles the life of John Pell in London from 1638 to 1643. The impetus for Pell's move to London, which appears to have started at the beginning of 1638, came very much from Hartlib, not from Pell himself. One of the attractions of life in the capital was the prospect of close acquaintance with other members of Hartlib's inner circle. Pell had set himself the task of looking not for someone who would employ him as a mathematics tutor, but for a patron who would support him ‘as an Artist’ — in other words, pay him to get on with his own mathematical projects. In order to attract such patronage, it was necessary to set out some sort of prospectus, explaining what those projects might be. In attracting the attention of Sir Charles Cavendish, Pell enjoyed an extraordinary stroke of good fortune. Not only was his new patron rich, and the brother of one of the most prominent men in England; he was also a man of unusual modesty, affability, and good nature.
Noel Malcolm
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780198564843
- eISBN:
- 9780191713750
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198564843.003.0010
- Subject:
- Mathematics, History of Mathematics
An overview of John Pell's correspondence with Sir Charles Cavendish is presented here. These documents survived in such a near-complete state due to the methodical nature of John Pell, who preserved ...
More
An overview of John Pell's correspondence with Sir Charles Cavendish is presented here. These documents survived in such a near-complete state due to the methodical nature of John Pell, who preserved not only the letters he received from Cavendish but also his own drafts. The letters from Cavendish pose no textual problems. Cavendish wrote in a fairly large and regular italic hand; his spelling may occasionally give pause to modern readers (‘on’ for ‘one’, for example), but most will find that they adjust to it quickly. Pell's drafts are a little more problematic. His handwriting is generally legible, but some of these drafts are very rough, with frequent crossings-out and interlineations; sometimes a whole section written elsewhere on the page is marked for insertion at a particular point. Editorial interventions, and the recording of information about the text in the text itself, are presented in square brackets. A standardized order has been used for presenting the material in these letters. If the date or address is given at the head of the letter in the manuscript, it is silently transposed to fit this ordering: salutation; text of letter; valediction; place and date of writing; postscript; address; any annotation by Pell; any later annotation; enclosure.Less
An overview of John Pell's correspondence with Sir Charles Cavendish is presented here. These documents survived in such a near-complete state due to the methodical nature of John Pell, who preserved not only the letters he received from Cavendish but also his own drafts. The letters from Cavendish pose no textual problems. Cavendish wrote in a fairly large and regular italic hand; his spelling may occasionally give pause to modern readers (‘on’ for ‘one’, for example), but most will find that they adjust to it quickly. Pell's drafts are a little more problematic. His handwriting is generally legible, but some of these drafts are very rough, with frequent crossings-out and interlineations; sometimes a whole section written elsewhere on the page is marked for insertion at a particular point. Editorial interventions, and the recording of information about the text in the text itself, are presented in square brackets. A standardized order has been used for presenting the material in these letters. If the date or address is given at the head of the letter in the manuscript, it is silently transposed to fit this ordering: salutation; text of letter; valediction; place and date of writing; postscript; address; any annotation by Pell; any later annotation; enclosure.
Noel Malcolm
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780198564843
- eISBN:
- 9780191713750
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198564843.003.0011
- Subject:
- Mathematics, History of Mathematics
The letters between John Pell and Sir Charles Cavendish are presented. There are 115 letters in all and are dated from June 1641 to October 1651.
The letters between John Pell and Sir Charles Cavendish are presented. There are 115 letters in all and are dated from June 1641 to October 1651.
Jonathan Goldberg
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- March 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780823230662
- eISBN:
- 9780823235827
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fso/9780823230662.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Aesthetics
The title of this book translates one of the many ways in which Lucretius names the basic matter from which the world is made in De rerum natura. For Lucretius, and in the strain of thought following ...
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The title of this book translates one of the many ways in which Lucretius names the basic matter from which the world is made in De rerum natura. For Lucretius, and in the strain of thought following his study, matter is always in motion, always differing from itself and yet always also made of the same stuff. From the pious Lucy Hutchinson's all but complete translation of the Roman epic poem to Margaret Cavendish's repudiation of atomism (but not of its fundamental problematic of sameness and difference), a central concern of this book is how a thoroughgoing materialism can be read alongside other strains in the thought of the early modern period, particularly Christianity. The chapters move from Milton's monism to his angels and their insistent corporeality. Milton's angels have sex, and, throughout, this study emphasizes the consequences for thinking about sexuality offered by Lucretian materialism. Sameness of matter is not simply a question of same-sex copulation, and the relations of atoms in Cavendish and Hutchinson are replicated in the terms in which they imagine marriages of partners who are also their doubles. Likewise, Spenser's knights in the 1590 Faerie Queene pursue the virtues of Holiness, Temperance, and Chastity in quests that take the reader on a path of “askesis” of the kind that Lucretius recommends and that Foucault studied in the final volumes of his history of sexuality. Although English literature is the book's main concern, it first contemplates relations between Lucretian matter and Pauline flesh by way of Tintoretto's painting, The Conversion of St. Paul. Theoretical issues took place in the work of Agamben and Badiou, among others, leading to a chapter that takes up the role that Lucretius has played in theory, from Bergson and Marx to Foucault and Deleuze.Less
The title of this book translates one of the many ways in which Lucretius names the basic matter from which the world is made in De rerum natura. For Lucretius, and in the strain of thought following his study, matter is always in motion, always differing from itself and yet always also made of the same stuff. From the pious Lucy Hutchinson's all but complete translation of the Roman epic poem to Margaret Cavendish's repudiation of atomism (but not of its fundamental problematic of sameness and difference), a central concern of this book is how a thoroughgoing materialism can be read alongside other strains in the thought of the early modern period, particularly Christianity. The chapters move from Milton's monism to his angels and their insistent corporeality. Milton's angels have sex, and, throughout, this study emphasizes the consequences for thinking about sexuality offered by Lucretian materialism. Sameness of matter is not simply a question of same-sex copulation, and the relations of atoms in Cavendish and Hutchinson are replicated in the terms in which they imagine marriages of partners who are also their doubles. Likewise, Spenser's knights in the 1590 Faerie Queene pursue the virtues of Holiness, Temperance, and Chastity in quests that take the reader on a path of “askesis” of the kind that Lucretius recommends and that Foucault studied in the final volumes of his history of sexuality. Although English literature is the book's main concern, it first contemplates relations between Lucretian matter and Pauline flesh by way of Tintoretto's painting, The Conversion of St. Paul. Theoretical issues took place in the work of Agamben and Badiou, among others, leading to a chapter that takes up the role that Lucretius has played in theory, from Bergson and Marx to Foucault and Deleuze.
Catherine Wilson
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- September 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780199238811
- eISBN:
- 9780191716492
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199238811.003.0007
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy
While some 17th-century critics of Epicureanism, including Margaret Cavendish, focused on the impossibility of a structured and orderly world emerging from the purposeless collision of atoms, other ...
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While some 17th-century critics of Epicureanism, including Margaret Cavendish, focused on the impossibility of a structured and orderly world emerging from the purposeless collision of atoms, other critics challenged the coherence of the notion of a material particle as a fundamental building block, hoping to extirpate atheism and materialism at their source. Leibniz evolved an unusual scheme of immaterial atoms, which he termed ‘monads’. Monads were mind-like entities, dimensionless, devoid of physical properties such as shape, impenetrability, and location in absolute space, and differentiated by their experiences. Berkeley went further in proclaiming matter an incoherent idea and insisting that only ideas, God, and the human will really existed, and that the ‘external’ world was in fact in the mind.Less
While some 17th-century critics of Epicureanism, including Margaret Cavendish, focused on the impossibility of a structured and orderly world emerging from the purposeless collision of atoms, other critics challenged the coherence of the notion of a material particle as a fundamental building block, hoping to extirpate atheism and materialism at their source. Leibniz evolved an unusual scheme of immaterial atoms, which he termed ‘monads’. Monads were mind-like entities, dimensionless, devoid of physical properties such as shape, impenetrability, and location in absolute space, and differentiated by their experiences. Berkeley went further in proclaiming matter an incoherent idea and insisting that only ideas, God, and the human will really existed, and that the ‘external’ world was in fact in the mind.
John Jenkin
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- January 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780199235209
- eISBN:
- 9780191715631
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199235209.003.0004
- Subject:
- Physics, History of Physics
William entered Trinity College in 1881, enrolled for the Mathematical Tripos, and was accepted by its principal private tutor, Edward Routh. He studied little else, won several college prizes, and ...
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William entered Trinity College in 1881, enrolled for the Mathematical Tripos, and was accepted by its principal private tutor, Edward Routh. He studied little else, won several college prizes, and played sport for relaxation. In the gruelling final examinations, William graduated Third Wrangler, a result he cherished. He decided to study physics, choosing ‘hydrodynamics and wave motion’ for Part III of the Tripos, gained a first class result, and spent nearly a year in the Cavendish Laboratory. He applied for the Professorship of Mathematics and Experimental Physics at the University of Adelaide and was appointed, despite his lack of teaching and research experience. As he sailed, his brother Jack died at Market Harborough; his father had died a few months before.Less
William entered Trinity College in 1881, enrolled for the Mathematical Tripos, and was accepted by its principal private tutor, Edward Routh. He studied little else, won several college prizes, and played sport for relaxation. In the gruelling final examinations, William graduated Third Wrangler, a result he cherished. He decided to study physics, choosing ‘hydrodynamics and wave motion’ for Part III of the Tripos, gained a first class result, and spent nearly a year in the Cavendish Laboratory. He applied for the Professorship of Mathematics and Experimental Physics at the University of Adelaide and was appointed, despite his lack of teaching and research experience. As he sailed, his brother Jack died at Market Harborough; his father had died a few months before.
Melissa E. Sanchez
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199754755
- eISBN:
- 9780199896912
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199754755.003.0007
- Subject:
- Literature, Shakespeare Studies, Milton Studies
Chapter Seven considers what happens to Sidneian ideals of resistance after the civil wars and regicide illustrated their logical extreme. The chapter offers a new reading of Margaret Cavendish’s ...
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Chapter Seven considers what happens to Sidneian ideals of resistance after the civil wars and regicide illustrated their logical extreme. The chapter offers a new reading of Margaret Cavendish’s fiction, one grounded in the ancient constitutionalism to which both Cavendish and her husband, the Duke of Newcastle, subscribed. Cavendish’s romances struggle to find common ground between the extremes of absolutism and republicanism by turning to the Elizabethan discourse of love: this model insists that monarchs’ power is limited by subjects’ affections even as it acknowledges love’s latent violence. By imagining only compromised, even degrading, erotic unions, Cavendish acknowledges that the overwhelming desires of sovereign and subject alike may vitiate any possibility of mixed rule. Because the allure of power can be irresistible, the subjects who should restore justice may equally imperil it.Less
Chapter Seven considers what happens to Sidneian ideals of resistance after the civil wars and regicide illustrated their logical extreme. The chapter offers a new reading of Margaret Cavendish’s fiction, one grounded in the ancient constitutionalism to which both Cavendish and her husband, the Duke of Newcastle, subscribed. Cavendish’s romances struggle to find common ground between the extremes of absolutism and republicanism by turning to the Elizabethan discourse of love: this model insists that monarchs’ power is limited by subjects’ affections even as it acknowledges love’s latent violence. By imagining only compromised, even degrading, erotic unions, Cavendish acknowledges that the overwhelming desires of sovereign and subject alike may vitiate any possibility of mixed rule. Because the allure of power can be irresistible, the subjects who should restore justice may equally imperil it.
Stewart Duncan
- Published in print:
- 2022
- Published Online:
- December 2021
- ISBN:
- 9780197613009
- eISBN:
- 9780197613030
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780197613009.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy
Are human beings purely material creatures, or is there something else to them, an immaterial part that does some (or all) of the thinking, and might even be able to outlive the death of the body? ...
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Are human beings purely material creatures, or is there something else to them, an immaterial part that does some (or all) of the thinking, and might even be able to outlive the death of the body? This book is about how a series of seventeenth-century philosophers tried to answer that question. It begins by looking at the views of Thomas Hobbes, who developed a thoroughly materialist account of the human mind, and later of God as well. All this is in obvious contrast to the approach of his contemporary René Descartes. After examining Hobbes’s materialism, the book considers the views of three of his English critics: Henry More, Ralph Cudworth, and Margaret Cavendish. Both More and Cudworth thought Hobbes’s materialism radically inadequate to explain the workings of the world, while Cavendish developed a distinctive, anti-Hobbesian materialism of her own. The second half of the book focuses on the discussion of materialism in John Locke’s Essay Concerning Human Understanding, arguing that we can better understand Locke’s discussion if we see how and where he is responding to this earlier debate. At crucial points Locke draws on More and Cudworth to argue against Hobbes and other materialists. Nevertheless, Locke did a good deal to reveal how materialism was a genuinely possible view, by showing how one could develop a detailed account of the human mind without presuming it was an immaterial substance.Less
Are human beings purely material creatures, or is there something else to them, an immaterial part that does some (or all) of the thinking, and might even be able to outlive the death of the body? This book is about how a series of seventeenth-century philosophers tried to answer that question. It begins by looking at the views of Thomas Hobbes, who developed a thoroughly materialist account of the human mind, and later of God as well. All this is in obvious contrast to the approach of his contemporary René Descartes. After examining Hobbes’s materialism, the book considers the views of three of his English critics: Henry More, Ralph Cudworth, and Margaret Cavendish. Both More and Cudworth thought Hobbes’s materialism radically inadequate to explain the workings of the world, while Cavendish developed a distinctive, anti-Hobbesian materialism of her own. The second half of the book focuses on the discussion of materialism in John Locke’s Essay Concerning Human Understanding, arguing that we can better understand Locke’s discussion if we see how and where he is responding to this earlier debate. At crucial points Locke draws on More and Cudworth to argue against Hobbes and other materialists. Nevertheless, Locke did a good deal to reveal how materialism was a genuinely possible view, by showing how one could develop a detailed account of the human mind without presuming it was an immaterial substance.
Ian Bostridge
- Published in print:
- 1997
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198206538
- eISBN:
- 9780191677205
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198206538.003.0003
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History, Social History
This chapter examines Thomas Hobbes’ views on witchcraft. In the second chapter of his Leviathan he made an apparently fleeting reference to the subject of witchcraft. Another well-known Hobbesian ...
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This chapter examines Thomas Hobbes’ views on witchcraft. In the second chapter of his Leviathan he made an apparently fleeting reference to the subject of witchcraft. Another well-known Hobbesian dictum on witchcraft was recorded by Margaret Cavendish from Hobbes’ conservation with her husband, Duke William Cavendish. This chapter suggests that Hobbes’ opinion on witchcraft involved the tension between rational belief and empirical procedures. However, he maintained witchcraft as a crime, one of rebellion joined with malice.Less
This chapter examines Thomas Hobbes’ views on witchcraft. In the second chapter of his Leviathan he made an apparently fleeting reference to the subject of witchcraft. Another well-known Hobbesian dictum on witchcraft was recorded by Margaret Cavendish from Hobbes’ conservation with her husband, Duke William Cavendish. This chapter suggests that Hobbes’ opinion on witchcraft involved the tension between rational belief and empirical procedures. However, he maintained witchcraft as a crime, one of rebellion joined with malice.
Pat Jalland
- Published in print:
- 1996
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198201885
- eISBN:
- 9780191675058
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198201885.003.0017
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History
This chapter discusses chronic and obsessive grief that was rare among 19th century families. These reactions to deaths are seen as extreme responses to death which took place in extraordinary and ...
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This chapter discusses chronic and obsessive grief that was rare among 19th century families. These reactions to deaths are seen as extreme responses to death which took place in extraordinary and distressing circumstances, including suicide, and sudden or premature deaths. In this chapter, the cases of Queen Victoria's response to Prince Albert's death, Lady Frederick Cavendish's reaction to the assassination of her husband, and Emma Haden's prolonged grief after her daughter's death are analysed.Less
This chapter discusses chronic and obsessive grief that was rare among 19th century families. These reactions to deaths are seen as extreme responses to death which took place in extraordinary and distressing circumstances, including suicide, and sudden or premature deaths. In this chapter, the cases of Queen Victoria's response to Prince Albert's death, Lady Frederick Cavendish's reaction to the assassination of her husband, and Emma Haden's prolonged grief after her daughter's death are analysed.
Pat Jalland
- Published in print:
- 1996
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198201885
- eISBN:
- 9780191675058
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198201885.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History
Sudden deaths were deemed as bad deaths by Christian standards because they do not allow time for spiritual preparation and repentance for sins committed in life, while suicides are seen as terrible ...
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Sudden deaths were deemed as bad deaths by Christian standards because they do not allow time for spiritual preparation and repentance for sins committed in life, while suicides are seen as terrible and appalling deaths as they are seen as a moral crime against the law of God and the common law. For the early and middle Victorian Christians, bad deaths and suicides were primarily of spiritual concern because of the fear of judgement and the fear of hell enforced by Evangelical doctrine. This chapter discusses bad deaths, sudden deaths, and suicides. The death cases of Ada Lovelace, Lucy Cavendish, the Lyttletons, and the Gladstones are analyzed as these all illustrate how the early and mid-Victorians dealt with sudden deaths and suicides as well as how they managed to cope with these death in terms of their strong ideals for a good Christian death and their strong belief in religion and the teachings of Christianity.Less
Sudden deaths were deemed as bad deaths by Christian standards because they do not allow time for spiritual preparation and repentance for sins committed in life, while suicides are seen as terrible and appalling deaths as they are seen as a moral crime against the law of God and the common law. For the early and middle Victorian Christians, bad deaths and suicides were primarily of spiritual concern because of the fear of judgement and the fear of hell enforced by Evangelical doctrine. This chapter discusses bad deaths, sudden deaths, and suicides. The death cases of Ada Lovelace, Lucy Cavendish, the Lyttletons, and the Gladstones are analyzed as these all illustrate how the early and mid-Victorians dealt with sudden deaths and suicides as well as how they managed to cope with these death in terms of their strong ideals for a good Christian death and their strong belief in religion and the teachings of Christianity.
J. Patrick Hornbeck II
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- September 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780823282173
- eISBN:
- 9780823286232
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823282173.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, History of Christianity
Remembering Wolsey seeks to contribute to our understanding of historical memory and memorialization bexamining in detail the posthumous commemoration and representation of Thomas Wolsey, the ...
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Remembering Wolsey seeks to contribute to our understanding of historical memory and memorialization bexamining in detail the posthumous commemoration and representation of Thomas Wolsey, the sixteenth-century cardinal, papal legate, and lord chancellor of England. Its questions are at once historical and ethical. Analyzing the history of Wolsey’s legacy from his death in 1530 through the present day, this book shows how images of Wolsey have been among the vehicles through which historians, theologians, and others have contested the events known collectively as the English Reformation(s). Over the course of nearly five centuries, Wolsey has been at the center of the debate about King Henry’s reformation and the virtues and vices of late medieval Catholicism. His name and image have been invoked in a bewildering, and often surprising, variety of contexts, including the works of chroniclers, historians, theologians, dramatists, or more recently screenwriters. Cultural producers have often related the story of Wolsey’s life in ways that have buttressed their preconceived opinions on a wide variety of matters. The complex history of Wolsey’s representation has much to teach us not only about the historiography of the English Reformation but also about broader dynamics of cultural and collective memory.Less
Remembering Wolsey seeks to contribute to our understanding of historical memory and memorialization bexamining in detail the posthumous commemoration and representation of Thomas Wolsey, the sixteenth-century cardinal, papal legate, and lord chancellor of England. Its questions are at once historical and ethical. Analyzing the history of Wolsey’s legacy from his death in 1530 through the present day, this book shows how images of Wolsey have been among the vehicles through which historians, theologians, and others have contested the events known collectively as the English Reformation(s). Over the course of nearly five centuries, Wolsey has been at the center of the debate about King Henry’s reformation and the virtues and vices of late medieval Catholicism. His name and image have been invoked in a bewildering, and often surprising, variety of contexts, including the works of chroniclers, historians, theologians, dramatists, or more recently screenwriters. Cultural producers have often related the story of Wolsey’s life in ways that have buttressed their preconceived opinions on a wide variety of matters. The complex history of Wolsey’s representation has much to teach us not only about the historiography of the English Reformation but also about broader dynamics of cultural and collective memory.
Frederique Ait-Touati
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- March 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226011226
- eISBN:
- 9780226011240
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226011240.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, History of Science, Technology, and Medicine
In today's academe, the fields of science and literature are considered unconnected, one relying on raw data and fact, the other focusing on fiction. During the period between the Renaissance and the ...
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In today's academe, the fields of science and literature are considered unconnected, one relying on raw data and fact, the other focusing on fiction. During the period between the Renaissance and the Enlightenment, however, the two fields were not so distinct. Just as the natural philosophers of the era were discovering in and adopting from literature new strategies and techniques for their discourse, so too were poets and storytellers finding inspiration in natural philosophy, particularly in astronomy. This book explores the evolving relationship that ensued between fiction and astronomical authority. By examining the writings of Kepler, Godwin, Hooke, Cyrano, Cavendish, Fontenelle, and others, the book shows that it was through the telling of stories—such as through accounts of celestial journeys—that the Copernican hypothesis, for example, found an ontological weight that its geometric models did not provide. The book draws from both cosmological treatises and fictions of travel and knowledge, as well as personal correspondences, drawings, and instruments, to emphasize the multiple borrowings between scientific and literary discourses. This volume looks at the practices of scientific invention, experimentation, and hypothesis formation by situating them according to their fictional or factual tendencies.Less
In today's academe, the fields of science and literature are considered unconnected, one relying on raw data and fact, the other focusing on fiction. During the period between the Renaissance and the Enlightenment, however, the two fields were not so distinct. Just as the natural philosophers of the era were discovering in and adopting from literature new strategies and techniques for their discourse, so too were poets and storytellers finding inspiration in natural philosophy, particularly in astronomy. This book explores the evolving relationship that ensued between fiction and astronomical authority. By examining the writings of Kepler, Godwin, Hooke, Cyrano, Cavendish, Fontenelle, and others, the book shows that it was through the telling of stories—such as through accounts of celestial journeys—that the Copernican hypothesis, for example, found an ontological weight that its geometric models did not provide. The book draws from both cosmological treatises and fictions of travel and knowledge, as well as personal correspondences, drawings, and instruments, to emphasize the multiple borrowings between scientific and literary discourses. This volume looks at the practices of scientific invention, experimentation, and hypothesis formation by situating them according to their fictional or factual tendencies.
Hero Chalmers
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199273270
- eISBN:
- 9780191706356
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199273270.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, Women's Literature
This book begins from the premise that when Margaret Cavendish, duchess of Newcastle, published her first printed work in 1653, she ushered in a new, more openly assertive and generically diverse ...
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This book begins from the premise that when Margaret Cavendish, duchess of Newcastle, published her first printed work in 1653, she ushered in a new, more openly assertive and generically diverse model of Englishwomen's authorship. Investigating the historical and literary conditions which enabled such a development, it argues for the vital role played by royalism in fostering the emergence of Cavendish along with that of Katherine Philips and Aphra Behn, the two other female authors who most visibly achieved similarly prominent literary profiles around the time of the Restoration. The book offers a detailed account of these women's engagements with the different aspects of royalist culture salient to their literary production, each in their particular historical moment. New political sub-texts are revealed in their work and used to refine notions of their gender representations. In this way, both their texts and manner of presenting themselves as authors emerges as freshly pertinent to their male and female royalist contemporaries for whom supporting them could be an act of political self-definition.Less
This book begins from the premise that when Margaret Cavendish, duchess of Newcastle, published her first printed work in 1653, she ushered in a new, more openly assertive and generically diverse model of Englishwomen's authorship. Investigating the historical and literary conditions which enabled such a development, it argues for the vital role played by royalism in fostering the emergence of Cavendish along with that of Katherine Philips and Aphra Behn, the two other female authors who most visibly achieved similarly prominent literary profiles around the time of the Restoration. The book offers a detailed account of these women's engagements with the different aspects of royalist culture salient to their literary production, each in their particular historical moment. New political sub-texts are revealed in their work and used to refine notions of their gender representations. In this way, both their texts and manner of presenting themselves as authors emerges as freshly pertinent to their male and female royalist contemporaries for whom supporting them could be an act of political self-definition.
Kathleen Riley
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199738410
- eISBN:
- 9780199932955
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199738410.003.0006
- Subject:
- Music, Dance, Popular
Chapter 6 looks in depth at the Astaires’ two major collaborations with George and Ira Gershwin, Lady, Be Good! in 1924 and Funny Face in 1926. The New York and London productions of each show are ...
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Chapter 6 looks in depth at the Astaires’ two major collaborations with George and Ira Gershwin, Lady, Be Good! in 1924 and Funny Face in 1926. The New York and London productions of each show are examined in detail, with special focus on the modernity and inventiveness of Gershwin’s music and the dance numbers performed by Fred and Adele, and on the personal relationship between George Gershwin and the Astaires. Fred and Adele again took London by storm and continued their friendship with the younger royals and leading literary and cultural figures of the day. Lady, Be Good! was the last live stage show to be performed at the Empire Theatre in Leicester Square before the theatre was demolished and rebuilt as a cinema. During the London run of Lady, Be Good!, the Astaires performed before King George V and Queen Mary and their childhood idol Adeline Genée. A film version of Funny Face was proposed and the Astaires were invited to make a screen test for Paramount. The chapter also includes the Astaires’ only nightclub appearance – at New York’s Trocadero in 1925 as well as significant events in Adele’s off-stage life: her involvement in a speedboat explosion in 1928; her tempestuous engagement to Yorkshire millionaire William Gaunt; and her first meeting with her future husband, Lord Charles Cavendish.Less
Chapter 6 looks in depth at the Astaires’ two major collaborations with George and Ira Gershwin, Lady, Be Good! in 1924 and Funny Face in 1926. The New York and London productions of each show are examined in detail, with special focus on the modernity and inventiveness of Gershwin’s music and the dance numbers performed by Fred and Adele, and on the personal relationship between George Gershwin and the Astaires. Fred and Adele again took London by storm and continued their friendship with the younger royals and leading literary and cultural figures of the day. Lady, Be Good! was the last live stage show to be performed at the Empire Theatre in Leicester Square before the theatre was demolished and rebuilt as a cinema. During the London run of Lady, Be Good!, the Astaires performed before King George V and Queen Mary and their childhood idol Adeline Genée. A film version of Funny Face was proposed and the Astaires were invited to make a screen test for Paramount. The chapter also includes the Astaires’ only nightclub appearance – at New York’s Trocadero in 1925 as well as significant events in Adele’s off-stage life: her involvement in a speedboat explosion in 1928; her tempestuous engagement to Yorkshire millionaire William Gaunt; and her first meeting with her future husband, Lord Charles Cavendish.
Kathleen Riley
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199738410
- eISBN:
- 9780199932955
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199738410.003.0007
- Subject:
- Music, Dance, Popular
The inaptly titled (as it proved to be) Smiles of 1930 is the subject of this chapter. Despite its promise as a Ziegfeld production and its glamorous cast, which included Marilyn Miller, it failed ...
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The inaptly titled (as it proved to be) Smiles of 1930 is the subject of this chapter. Despite its promise as a Ziegfeld production and its glamorous cast, which included Marilyn Miller, it failed dismally. The show was blighted by production errors, financial problems in the wake of the 1929 financial Crash, a weak storyline produced by a less than sober writer, a co-star (Miller) with more beauty than talent, a composer (Vincent Youmans) who invariably arrived drunk for rehearsals, and frequent legal wrangling. After sixty-three performances, the show closed and the only members of the company who emerged from the disaster, with their professional reputations more or less intact, were the Astaires. It was during this period that Fred met his future screen partner, Ginger Rogers, when asked by producers Aarons and Freedley to review some dance routines for their current show, the Gershwins’ Girl Crazy. During the run of the unhappy Smiles Adele became engaged to Lord Charles Cavendish, who was then working in New York at J. P. Morgan.Less
The inaptly titled (as it proved to be) Smiles of 1930 is the subject of this chapter. Despite its promise as a Ziegfeld production and its glamorous cast, which included Marilyn Miller, it failed dismally. The show was blighted by production errors, financial problems in the wake of the 1929 financial Crash, a weak storyline produced by a less than sober writer, a co-star (Miller) with more beauty than talent, a composer (Vincent Youmans) who invariably arrived drunk for rehearsals, and frequent legal wrangling. After sixty-three performances, the show closed and the only members of the company who emerged from the disaster, with their professional reputations more or less intact, were the Astaires. It was during this period that Fred met his future screen partner, Ginger Rogers, when asked by producers Aarons and Freedley to review some dance routines for their current show, the Gershwins’ Girl Crazy. During the run of the unhappy Smiles Adele became engaged to Lord Charles Cavendish, who was then working in New York at J. P. Morgan.
Kathleen Riley
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199738410
- eISBN:
- 9780199932955
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199738410.003.0008
- Subject:
- Music, Dance, Popular
Fred and Adele appeared on stage together for the last time in The Band Wagon by Howard Dietz, Arthur Schwartz, and George S. Kaufman. Unlike Smiles, the production was backed by a creative team, ...
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Fred and Adele appeared on stage together for the last time in The Band Wagon by Howard Dietz, Arthur Schwartz, and George S. Kaufman. Unlike Smiles, the production was backed by a creative team, which was not only talented but also professionally competent and reliable. The cast was uniformly of first-rate quality. The Band Wagon brought a new sophistication to musical theatre and, with its introduction of a revolutionary double revolve or turntable, it spelt the end of the old-style musical revues. Adele left the show in March 1932 and sailed to London to wed Lord Charles Cavendish. The marriage took place in the private chapel at Chatsworth, seat of the Devonshire family, after which Adele and her new husband went to live at Lismore Castle in Ireland. Fred, without the support of his talented sister, stepped up to the mark, to begin his solo career. He also began a two-year courtship of society divorcée Phyllis Potter. The course of his future life was set in London when Phyllis accepted his proposal of marriage and suggested he return to New York to take the lead role in Gay Divorce with a score by Cole Porter.Less
Fred and Adele appeared on stage together for the last time in The Band Wagon by Howard Dietz, Arthur Schwartz, and George S. Kaufman. Unlike Smiles, the production was backed by a creative team, which was not only talented but also professionally competent and reliable. The cast was uniformly of first-rate quality. The Band Wagon brought a new sophistication to musical theatre and, with its introduction of a revolutionary double revolve or turntable, it spelt the end of the old-style musical revues. Adele left the show in March 1932 and sailed to London to wed Lord Charles Cavendish. The marriage took place in the private chapel at Chatsworth, seat of the Devonshire family, after which Adele and her new husband went to live at Lismore Castle in Ireland. Fred, without the support of his talented sister, stepped up to the mark, to begin his solo career. He also began a two-year courtship of society divorcée Phyllis Potter. The course of his future life was set in London when Phyllis accepted his proposal of marriage and suggested he return to New York to take the lead role in Gay Divorce with a score by Cole Porter.
M. Bordag, G. L. Klimchitskaya, U. Mohideen, and V. M. Mostepanenko
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199238743
- eISBN:
- 9780191716461
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199238743.003.0024
- Subject:
- Physics, Condensed Matter Physics / Materials, Atomic, Laser, and Optical Physics
Many extensions to the Standard Model of elementary particles predict the existence of long-range interactions between neutral macrobodies in addition to Newtonian gravity. This chapter summarizes ...
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Many extensions to the Standard Model of elementary particles predict the existence of long-range interactions between neutral macrobodies in addition to Newtonian gravity. This chapter summarizes the constraints on these interactions obtained from the Casimir effect and compares them with the parallel progress in gravitational measurements. The availability of new precise measurements of the Casimir force, considered in Chapter 19, has provided further impetus for rapid progress in this direction. As a result, in the last few years, the previously known constraints on Yukawa interactions in the submicrometer range have been strengthened by up to ten thousand times. As shown in the chapter, the strongest constraints at the shortest separations follow from measurements of the Casimir force.Less
Many extensions to the Standard Model of elementary particles predict the existence of long-range interactions between neutral macrobodies in addition to Newtonian gravity. This chapter summarizes the constraints on these interactions obtained from the Casimir effect and compares them with the parallel progress in gravitational measurements. The availability of new precise measurements of the Casimir force, considered in Chapter 19, has provided further impetus for rapid progress in this direction. As a result, in the last few years, the previously known constraints on Yukawa interactions in the submicrometer range have been strengthened by up to ten thousand times. As shown in the chapter, the strongest constraints at the shortest separations follow from measurements of the Casimir force.
Noel Malcolm
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780199247141
- eISBN:
- 9780191597992
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199247145.003.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy
Offers an introduction to Hobbes's life, paying special attention to his family background, his education, his relations with his employers (the Cavendish family), and his connections with the ...
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Offers an introduction to Hobbes's life, paying special attention to his family background, his education, his relations with his employers (the Cavendish family), and his connections with the various intellectual groups, which may have influenced his thinking-such as the 'Great Tew' circle in England, and the Mersenne circle in France. It also discusses the notoriety that followed the publication of Leviathan in 1651, and the polemics that dogged his later years.Less
Offers an introduction to Hobbes's life, paying special attention to his family background, his education, his relations with his employers (the Cavendish family), and his connections with the various intellectual groups, which may have influenced his thinking-such as the 'Great Tew' circle in England, and the Mersenne circle in France. It also discusses the notoriety that followed the publication of Leviathan in 1651, and the polemics that dogged his later years.
