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ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY INTEGRATION AT EUROPEAN UNION LEVEL: A CATALOGUE OF COORDINATING CAPACITIES

Andrew Jordan and Adriaan Schout

in The Coordination of the European Union: Exploring the Capacities of Networked Governance

This chapter charts the changing ways in which environmental policy integration (EPI) has been thought about and implemented in the EU since the 1970s. The implicit assumption that has underpinned ... More

This chapter charts the changing ways in which environmental policy integration (EPI) has been thought about and implemented in the EU since the 1970s. The implicit assumption that has underpinned the search for implementing tools is that more effective multi-level and cross-sectoral coordination will arise through a process of incremental, non-hierarchical learning in networks, which is not guided by a template disseminated by the EU. Section 2 briefly explores the intellectual origins of the EPI principle and unpacks its core meaning. Section 3 charts the changing ways in which EPI has been thought about and put into effect in the EU since c. 1970. Section 4 then reflects on these developments and attempts to put them into context. Section 5 maps the EU's response onto the typology of coordination capacities developed in Chapter 2, and pinpoints the most obvious gaps and overlaps.Less

ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY INTEGRATION IN THE EUROPEAN UNION: ACTOR PERSPECTIVES

Andrew Jordan and Adriaan Schout

in The Coordination of the European Union: Exploring the Capacities of Networked Governance

This chapter explores the steps that each actor has taken to implement EPI within its own institutional ‘space’. In effect, it begins to explore how well each actor has responded to the second part ... More

This chapter explores the steps that each actor has taken to implement EPI within its own institutional ‘space’. In effect, it begins to explore how well each actor has responded to the second part of the ‘double challenge’ of addressing EPI in a multi-level system such as the EU. For each actor, the organizational unit that actively champions EPI (typically the national environment department) is introduced, before briefly describing how it tackles the challenge of EPI within its own institutional ‘space’.Less

Henry Royston Loyn 1922–2000

Nicholas Brooks

in Proceedings of the British Academy, Volume 120, Biographical Memoirs of Fellows, II

Henry Loyn conveyed his enthusiasm for early medieval history and English culture to generations of Cardiff and London students. He had a wonderful gift for friendship and for bringing out the best ... More

Henry Loyn conveyed his enthusiasm for early medieval history and English culture to generations of Cardiff and London students. He had a wonderful gift for friendship and for bringing out the best in people. His scholarship was devoted to transmitting understanding of English history, rather than to changing interpretations of it. It is as a teacher and a wonderful friend that he will be remembered. He left a positive mark on all the institutions he served.Less

Muslims in the United Kingdom

H. A. Hellyer

in Muslims of Europe The ‘Other’ Europeans

The United Kingdom has a long history of interaction with Muslims and is home to a large Muslim population. While the largest and most noticeable presence of Muslims rose in the UK in the aftermath ... More

The United Kingdom has a long history of interaction with Muslims and is home to a large Muslim population. While the largest and most noticeable presence of Muslims rose in the UK in the aftermath of the breakup of the British Empire, the history of the relationship goes back much further. Muslim history in the UK or among Britons can be divided into five phases: early Muslim general history until the end of the fifteenth century; sixteenth century to the end of the eighteenth century; nineteenth century to World War I; early twentieth century; and mid-twentieth century to the turn of the twenty-first century and the ‘War on Terror’. This chapter focuses on Muslims in the UK, with Muslim sailors as the early British Muslims in Cardiff and Liverpool. It also considers Muslim lobby groups in the UK, the debate over ‘church-state’ relations and the past and present legal status of Muslims in the UK. Moreover, the chapter considers blasphemy, demands for fiqh incorporation into state law and legal reforms.Less

John Edward Christopher Hill 1912–2003

Donald Pennington

in Proceedings of the British Academy Volume 130, Biographical Memoirs of Fellows, IV

John Edward Christopher Hill (1912–2003), a Fellow of the British Academy, was a great historian. Nearly all his huge output was on the seventeenth-century ‘English Revolution’ and its origins. It ... More

John Edward Christopher Hill (1912–2003), a Fellow of the British Academy, was a great historian. Nearly all his huge output was on the seventeenth-century ‘English Revolution’ and its origins. It was claimed that his Marxism, even when mellowed, led him to ignore evidence that did not support it. In 1936, Hill became an assistant lecturer at Cardiff University. Two years later, he returned to Balliol College at the University of Oxford as fellow and tutor in history. In 1956, he released his first major book, Economic Problems of the Church: from Archbishop Whitgift to the Long Parliament. Hill also found himself at the centre of communist politics in Britain, when the Historians’ Group led the movement to end the Communist Party’s obedience to Moscow. Besides the disputes with historians, Hill’s devotion to poetry had brought him into conflict with literary critics. Hill is cautious in his assessments of John Milton’s relations with radicalism. Hill’s sympathy for the downtrodden and unsuccessful was an unchanging part of his historical and his practical beliefs.Less

The United Kingdom general practitioner and palliative care model

Simon Noble, Nicola Pease, and Ilora Finlay

in Handbook of Communication in Oncology and Palliative Care

Within the United Kingdom, general practitioners (GPs) will manage the care of the majority of patients with life-limiting and terminal disease, including those with complex problems requiring ... More

Within the United Kingdom, general practitioners (GPs) will manage the care of the majority of patients with life-limiting and terminal disease, including those with complex problems requiring specialist palliative care involvement. The consultation is at the heart of general practice and communication skills, underpining the UK General Practitioner Vocational Training Scheme (GPVTS). To attain membership of the Royal College of General Practitioners, trainees are required to undertake learning methods during their training programme as outlined in the RCGP Curriculum, which include video analysis of consultations, random case analysis of a selection of consultations and patients' feedback on consultations using satisfaction questionnaires or tools. This chapter discusses the Cardiff University Post Graduate Course's specialist palliative care education designed to meet the needs of specialists and of GPs with a developing specialist interest, the Cardiff six-point toolkit (listening, reflection, summarising, question style, comfort, language), the use of role play for developing communication skills, and reflective practice/portfolio learning.Less

Imperial Identity in Colonial Minds: Harold Moody and the League of Coloured Peoples

Anne Spry Rush

in Bonds of Empire: West Indians and Britishness from Victoria to Decolonization

This chapter examines how the League of Coloured Peoples, founded in London in 1931 by Jamaican physician Harold Moody, used a colonial version of Britishness — one that respected traditional Western ... More

This chapter examines how the League of Coloured Peoples, founded in London in 1931 by Jamaican physician Harold Moody, used a colonial version of Britishness — one that respected traditional Western ideas of class and gender structure, yet abhorred racial distinctions — to successfully seek equal rights for Britons of color. By invoking a colonial version of British identity that drew on elements of Britishness also widely accepted by native Britons, namely respectability and imperial pride, the organization was able to gain support from both black colonials and white native Britons for its goals. The chapter focuses on the workings of the organization's ideology in the context of the organization's prominent campaign to restore British citizenship to ‘coloured’ seamen in Cardiff in 1936.Less

Conclusion

David Willetts

in A University Education

Universities are important, sophisticated institutions but they are not well understood even by academics themselves who are busy researching gravitational ... More

Universities are important, sophisticated institutions but they are not well understood even by academics themselves who are busy researching gravitational waves or the rise of populism. They may, very reasonably, find their discipline much more interesting than their institution. Instead the campus novel, from Kingsley Amis’s Lucky Jim to Malcolm Bradbury’s The History Man, David Lodge’s Brummidge, and Howard Jacobson’s Sefton Goldberg, is the main way people working in universities investigate what they are like and communicate it to the wider world. But they can’t tell the whole story. There are also academics in British universities researching universities but not many of them— most of the books about the university are American. Meanwhile crude conspiracy theories claim to explain what is happening to a complex institution. One such narrative is ‘the university is under attack from managers/ministers/ markets threatening my/your/all disciplines’. Another narrative is ‘Universities are ivory towers: there are too many of them and too many people go.’ That is why I have tried to convey what I have learnt from my university education over the past decade and assembled the evidence to explain why both of those narratives are wrong. Such is my respect for the values of academia that, even if one might suspect this is just a heavily disguised ministerial memoir, it is at least the first example which has been subject to academic peer review. The behaviour of our universities is influenced by their environment and the incentives they face. That environment is very unusual and took its modern form as a result of a series of haphazard decisions taken in the late 1950s and early 1960s. Competitive nationwide entry gives our universities exceptional power to decide who they admit. That in turn has driven an intense educational arms race in our secondary schools which in turn has led to very early subject specialization. The behaviour of schools is shaped by the competition to get into the ‘best’ universities. However, we have seen that there are different types of universities, each well adapted to a distinctive role. Less

Young motherhood, perinatal depression, and children’s development

Cerith S. Waters and Susan Pawlby

in Perinatal Psychiatry: The legacy of Channi Kumar

The aim of this chapter is to examine young women’s experience of mental health problems during the perinatal period. We shall argue that women who were ... More

The aim of this chapter is to examine young women’s experience of mental health problems during the perinatal period. We shall argue that women who were young at the time of their transition to parenthood are at elevated risk for perinatal depression, in their first and subsequent pregnancies. Evidence for the impact of perinatal depression on children’s development will be outlined, and we propose that the elevated rates of mental health problems among young mothers may partly account for the increased prevalence of adverse outcomes often seen among their children. However, for these young women and their offspring, the impact of perinatal depression may be compounded by many other social, psychological, and biological risk factors, and young women’s circumstances may exacerbate their own and their children’s difficulties. Therefore any clinical strategies regarding the identification and treatment of depression during the antenatal and postnatal months may need to take into account the age of women, with women bearing children earlier and later than the average presenting different challenges for health professionals. Across the industrialized nations the demographics of parenthood are changing, with both men and women first becoming parents at increasingly older ages (Bosch 1998; Martin et al. 2005; Ventura et al. 2001). In the UK for example, the average maternal age at first birth in 1971 was 23.7 years, compared to the present figure of 29.5 years (ONS 2012). Correspondingly, over the last four decades, birth rates for women aged 30 and over have increased extensively, whilst those for women in their teenage years and early twenties have declined (ONS 2012, 2007). Since the 1970s, the proportion of children born to women aged 20–24 in the UK has been decreasing, with women aged 30–34 years now displaying the highest birth rates (ONS 2010). These changes in the demography of parenthood are not confined to the UK with similar trends toward delayed first births observed across Western Europe (Ventura et al. 2001), the United States (Mirowsky 2002), New Zealand (Woodward et al. 2006) and Australia (Barnes 2003). Thus, a transition to parenthood during adolescence and the early 20s is non-normative for Western women, and the implications of this ‘off-time’ transition (Elder 1997, 1998) for the mother’s and the child’s mental health warrants attention. Less

Crystals and Atoms

David Rickard

in Pyrite: A Natural History of Fool's Gold

According to one magic crystal website, pyrite is a highly protective stone blocking and shielding you from negative energy. This may originate from Pietro Maria ... More

According to one magic crystal website, pyrite is a highly protective stone blocking and shielding you from negative energy. This may originate from Pietro Maria Canepario, who in 1619 cited Avicenna as stating that “if pyrite is worn on an infant’s neck, it defends him from all fear.” Other New Age sources maintain that pyrite can be beneficial when planning large business concepts because placing a piece on the desk energizes the area around it. Pyrite also reduces fatigue and is good for students because it is thought to improve memory and recall and to stimulate the flow of ideas. So you are certainly reading the right book . . . The magical properties of pyrite stem at least partly from the occurrence of pyritized ammonites (Figure 4.1) in ancient Egypt. Ammonites are fossils of coiled mollusks that became extinct at the same time as the dinosaurs at the end of the Mesozoic Era, about 60 million years ago. Ammonites got their name because they resemble coiled ram’s horns and the Egyptian god Amun (or Amon, Ammon, etc.) usually wore ram’s horns. The person responsible for this flight of fancy was Pliny the Elder, who called these fossils ammonis cornua or horns of Ammon. The golden pyritized ammonites were prized as lucky charms and worn as amulets in ancient Egypt. They are common today and may be readily collected from the beach at Charmouth in southern England, particularly after a storm has caused more fresh rock from the cliffs to tumble down onto the beach. The bright golden crystals of pyrite have fascinated humankind through the ages. The crystals display a variety of distinct shapes that make them extremely attractive. Indeed, pyrite may display the greatest variety of crystal forms of any common mineral. The great American mineralogist James Dwight Dana described eighty-five different forms, and the founder of geochemistry, Victor Moritz Goldschmidt, drew line drawings of almost 700 different pyrite crystals. In this chapter I show how the explanation of this extraordinary diversity of pyrite crystal shapes (or habits, formally) has helped reveal the nature of the material universe. Less

Introduction

Neil Ferguson, Gillian Douglas, Nigel Lowe, Mervyn Murch, and Margaret Robinson

in Grandparenting in divorced families

This chapter aims to provide a description of the research and explain why it is important to discover more about grandparents' roles in divorced families. It describes this book, which tells about ... More

This chapter aims to provide a description of the research and explain why it is important to discover more about grandparents' roles in divorced families. It describes this book, which tells about grandparents whose sons or daughters have divorced. It discusses the findings of a two-year interdisciplinary research study at Cardiff University. It notes that the project was supported by a grant from the Nuffield Foundation and the research was completed in May 2001. It sets out to explore family members' perceptions of the impact of divorce on grandparenting. It notes that the study is designed to provide a tri-generational perspective and information is gathered from interviews with parents, children, and maternal and paternal grandparents.Less

Excluded grandparents

Neil Ferguson, Gillian Douglas, Nigel Lowe, Mervyn Murch, and Margaret Robinson

in Grandparenting in divorced families

This chapter discusses the minority of cases in our study in which the grandchild-grandparent relationship is seriously disrupted after parental divorce. It notes that such cases can be seen as lying ... More

This chapter discusses the minority of cases in our study in which the grandchild-grandparent relationship is seriously disrupted after parental divorce. It notes that such cases can be seen as lying at the extreme end of the third continuum. It shows the extent to which grandparents took sides after the break-up, and assumed attitudes and behaviour reflecting what they saw as the ‘rights and wrongs’ of their divorced child's situation. It also draws on interviews with members of the Grandparents' Association, the leading support and pressure group for grandparents. It turns first to the grandparents in the Cardiff study who could be described as ‘excluded’.Less

: From Medium to Site

Andrew V. Uroskie

in Between the Black Box and the White Cube: Expanded Cinema and Postwar Art

Since the mid-‘90s, contemporary art practice and criticism has been engaged in a widespread reformulation of the concept of “site-specificity.” At the same time, the vast proliferation of artists’ ... More

Since the mid-‘90s, contemporary art practice and criticism has been engaged in a widespread reformulation of the concept of “site-specificity.” At the same time, the vast proliferation of artists’ film and video installation has given rise to an anxiety over the proper material, institutional, and discursive location of these works as they abjure the traditional conditions of the art gallery’s white cube or the film theatre’s black box. The introduction endeavors to bring these two apparently disparate threads together by recalling their historical conjunction within a theory and practice of 1960s Expanded Cinema.Less

The Cardiff Community Engagement Experiment

Martin Innes, Colin Roberts, Trudy Lowe, and Helen Innes

in Neighbourhood Policing: The Rise and Fall of a Policing Model

In order to develop insights into the conduct of Neighbourhood Policing ‘on the ground’, this chapter focuses in upon the findings from a significant attempt to establish a structured and systematic ... More

In order to develop insights into the conduct of Neighbourhood Policing ‘on the ground’, this chapter focuses in upon the findings from a significant attempt to establish a structured and systematic approach to police–community engagement, first in Cardiff and then across South Wales. Working in collaboration with South Wales Police, the authors conducted in excess of 700 face-to-face interviews with members of the public across most neighbourhoods in the police force area. Using the concept of signal crimes, the data derived are interpreted to understand what matters most to people in their local area and how they utilize these concerns to construct their sense of security. The implications of these findings and insights for steering and guiding the implementation of Neighbourhood Policing services are explored in depth.Less

Franco-Welsh Academic Partnerships: A Case Study Involving Transnational and Cross-sector Mobility

Huw Landeg Morris

in Franco-British Academic Partnerships: The Next Chapter: The Next Chapter

This chapter highlights the Franco-Welsh academic partnership that offers industrial-based mobility placements for student and young employees. This project was conceived at a seminar organised by ... More

This chapter highlights the Franco-Welsh academic partnership that offers industrial-based mobility placements for student and young employees. This project was conceived at a seminar organised by Welsh Higher Education Brussels (WHEB) in November 2009. The principal organisations involved are the Swansea University, Cardiff University, the South Wales Chamber of Commerce, the Welsh Assembly Government and the Chambre de Commerce et d'Industrie de Versailles Val-d'Oise/Yvelines (CCIV).Less

Doing Things with Voices: Performativity and Voice

Norie Neumark

in VOICE: Vocal Aesthetics in Digital Arts and Media

This chapter examines the occurrence of an authenticity effect through voice and in voice in digital media and media art. Drawing on specific examples of media and media artwork, it argues that ... More

This chapter examines the occurrence of an authenticity effect through voice and in voice in digital media and media art. Drawing on specific examples of media and media artwork, it argues that “authenticity” itself may be heard as performative, and looks at a number of cases characterized by performativity rather than authenticity, and by intimacy and intensity, rather than by the immersiveness of the spectacle. These include amateur YouTube videos and machinima as well as Igor Stromajer’s Internet operas, Mark Hansen and Ben Rubin’s Listening Post, and Janet Cardiff’s audio walks. The chapter also discusses how performative voices create and disturb sense and identity.Less

Sailortown Under Attack

in Black Salt: Seafarers of African Descent on British Ships

This chapter investigates the attack of British-born black seamen. One of the most troubled periods in the history of British black people was the year following the First World War. Disturbances in ... More

This chapter investigates the attack of British-born black seamen. One of the most troubled periods in the history of British black people was the year following the First World War. Disturbances in Liverpool, Cardiff and London involved black seamen. The 1919 riots mobilised and politicised black people living in Britain. The war had expanded to the black population in Cardiff. In Liverpool, black seamen were being thrown out of their lodgings into the streets. These seamen were also largely dependent on the fortunes of the British shipping industry. Claude McKay wrote to fight against continuing injustices towards him during his two years in Britain. An extract from a poem written by McKay shows the patriotic feeling of many colonial black sailors of the time.Less

Chief events of the riots

in Black 1919: Riots, Racism and Resistance in Imperial Britain

This chapter concentrates on the events of the seaport riots, and the common and contrasting themes in the rioting that occurred across Britain. The rioting in Liverpool was fiercer and more ... More

This chapter concentrates on the events of the seaport riots, and the common and contrasting themes in the rioting that occurred across Britain. The rioting in Liverpool was fiercer and more sustained than that at any of the other seaports during 1919. The murder of Charles Wootton drew attention to the wider fortunes of the black population in Liverpool in 1919. There was enmity between black British and white foreign sailors in Cardiff. The violent row between white American service personnel and black British colonial sailors was not an isolated incident in south Wales. Soldiers and former troops had a prominent role in the rioting in south Wales. The ‘sex’ issue was passed as both a convenient and a ‘racy’ explanation for the rioting. Military service and ex-service personnel were involved as both victims and assailants in the riots around Britain's seaports.Less

The Shipping Depression of 1901 to 1911; The Experience of Freight Rates in the British Coastal Coal Trade

John Armstrong

in The Vital Spark: The British Coastal Trade, 1700-1930

This chapter examines the shipping depression between 1901 and 1911 and how it affected the freight rates of the coastal trade. As relatively little research relates to the coastal sector during this ... More

This chapter examines the shipping depression between 1901 and 1911 and how it affected the freight rates of the coastal trade. As relatively little research relates to the coastal sector during this period, it attempts to determine whether or not the coastal experience differed from the rest of the shipping industry. It uses the Welsh coal trade as a case study. It concludes that the coastal trade suffered through the same depression as the overseas trade, but as the cargo was often more mundane and the supply-and-demand less likely to fluctuate than overseas trade, their freight rates remained more reliable.Less

‘Who are these?’ Nursing shell-shocked patients in Cardiff during the First World War

Anne Borsay and Sara Knight

in Mental health nursing: The working lives of paid carers, 1800s-1900s

This chapter begins by considering Wilfred Owen’s powerful poem, ‘Mental Cases’. The devastation of shell-shocked men is starting to be understood but what of the women who nursed these traumatized ... More

This chapter begins by considering Wilfred Owen’s powerful poem, ‘Mental Cases’. The devastation of shell-shocked men is starting to be understood but what of the women who nursed these traumatized victims? The chapter teases out their experiences and assesses the implications for the professionalisation of mental nursing using the Cardiff City Mental Hospital/Welsh Metropolitan War Hospital as a case study. A variety of sources aid examination of the intersection of four key themes: medicine, gender, class, and war. In addition, nursing registers are used to identify the occupational and social backgrounds of recruits and to track the destinations of staff leaving the Hospital, often after only a short period of service. This raises questions about how far the pressures of war dissolved traditional gender and class relations.Less