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Special Identities in Cuba’s Special Period: Race, Region, and Revitalization

Andrea J. Queeley

John M. Kirk (ed.)

in Rescuing Our Roots: The African Anglo-Caribbean Diaspora in Contemporary Cuba

Though the field research upon which this book is based was conducted after the Special Period, the author marshals ethnographic description in chapter 3 to illustrate the ways in which the economic ... More

Though the field research upon which this book is based was conducted after the Special Period, the author marshals ethnographic description in chapter 3 to illustrate the ways in which the economic crisis continued to be a presence in the lives of Cubans. Queeley contextualizes the revitalization of Anglo-Caribbean associations during and beyond the Special Period, examining its intersection with personal, community, national, and regional alliances. She goes on to discuss the efforts of the Anglo-Caribbean community in Cuba to establish connection with the larger Anglophone Caribbean, paying particular attention to how that connection is situated within Cuba-CARICOM (Caribbean Community) relations and thus folded into the agenda of the state. This particular ethnic revitalization differs from those of other groups in Cuba, as Cubans of Anglo-Caribbean origin highlight anti-Black racism as a central part of their experience. Chapter 3 closes on the cases of two Rastas of Anglo-Caribbean origin to explore generational differences in articulations of diasporic connections.Less

The Obesity Pandemic and Food Insecurity in Developing Countries: A Case Study from the Caribbean

Kristen Lowitt, Katherine Gray-Donald, Gordon M. Hickey, Arlette Saint Ville, Isabella Francis-Granderson, Chandra A. Madramootoo, and Leroy E. Phillip

in Food and Public Health: A Practical Introduction

Overweight and obesity affect over half a billion people globally and represent major public health concerns because excess weight gain is a key risk factor for non-communicable diseases. This ... More

Overweight and obesity affect over half a billion people globally and represent major public health concerns because excess weight gain is a key risk factor for non-communicable diseases. This chapter presents an overview of global trends in obesity, considering both developed and developing country contexts. It describes how this pandemic is rooted in the “nutrition transition” taking place around the world as a result of a globalized agri-food system that is changing the quantity, types, and desirability of foods available for consumption. In some countries, this is contributing to a “double burden of malnutrition,” as the problem of undernutrition now coexists alongside an increasing prevalence of over-nutrition. An overview of key policy responses and policy instruments that governments can utilize to address obesity is provided, recognizing that a holistic food systems response is needed to address the global challenge of obesity. The remainder of the chapter focuses on the food security and obesity challenges facing the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) and profiles a “farm to fork” school feeding project in the island nation of St. Kitts-Nevis that was designed to reduce obesity and improve food security among children. Implementation and key results of this integrated project are presented, including the core components of agricultural production, procurement of local produce, and children’s consumption of nutritious foods. The chapter concludes by identifying lessons for supporting “farm to school”-type projects as a possible food systems response to addressing obesity and food insecurity.Less

The Extended Foundation of the Caribbean Court of Justice between Decolonisation and Globalisation

Salvatore Caserta

in International Courts in Latin America and the Caribbean: Foundations and Authority

This chapter deals with the extended process of creation of the Caribbean Court of Justice (CCJ) arguing that, different from what often stated in the literature, the Court is the institutional ... More

This chapter deals with the extended process of creation of the Caribbean Court of Justice (CCJ) arguing that, different from what often stated in the literature, the Court is the institutional crystallisation of two long-enduring movements within the Caribbean legal field. One of these two movements is linked to the development of early regionalism, and ties into the Court’s origins as a regional economic institution aimed at reviving the Caribbean Common Market (CARICOM). The other is a movement related to the long-lasting process of Caribbean decolonisation from the United Kingdom, as the CCJ is also intended to be a regional Supreme Court to replace the Privy Council as the apex court of the former British West Indian colonies. The chapter also analyses the window of opportunity leading to the creation of the Court, most notably the clash between different generations of Caribbean legal elites and their own respective disagreements with the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council on death penalty issues and, more generally, on how to handle the judicial system of the Caribbean countries.Less

The De Facto Authority of the Caribbean Court of Justice at the Intersection of Trade Liberalisation and Fundamental Rights

Salvatore Caserta

in International Courts in Latin America and the Caribbean: Foundations and Authority

This chapter deals with the trajectory of gaining de facto authority of the Caribbean Court of Justice (CCJ), showing how, in its first fifteen years, the Court has been relatively successful as it ... More

This chapter deals with the trajectory of gaining de facto authority of the Caribbean Court of Justice (CCJ), showing how, in its first fifteen years, the Court has been relatively successful as it achieved both narrow and intermediate authority in both its jurisdictions. The chapter shows how this authority was mostly due to several institutional choices of the part of the Court’s founders and to some bold—yet well-balanced—rulings of the Court, which contributed to overcoming the Caribbean legal elites’ initial lack of trust. The progressive expansion of the Court’s authority occurred mainly in matters relating to individual and fundamental rights (i.e. on death penalty issues and freedom of movement of individuals within the Caribbean Common Market (CARICOM)), while it struggled to move beyond a basic form of authority on trade-related matters. This variable authority of the CCJ proves to be grounded in the operational context of the Court. The most notable difficulties faced were the lack of interest of the business community in judicial solutions, the limited powers granted by the CARICOM Secretariat to file non-compliance cases before the Court, and the reluctance of national judges to engage in a constructive dialogue with their regional counterparts through the medium of the preliminary reference procedure.Less

Economic Integration in the Caribbean Region: Re-Discussing the Capacity of the CARICOM

Francesco Seatzu

in The Global Community Yearbook of International Law and Jurisprudence 2014: Volume I

When the Treaty of Chaguaramas establishing the Caribbean Community and Common Market (CARICOM) became operative in August 1973, there were great expectations that at long last there were in place an ... More

When the Treaty of Chaguaramas establishing the Caribbean Community and Common Market (CARICOM) became operative in August 1973, there were great expectations that at long last there were in place an institutional framework for economic integration in the Caribbean. This implied that the challenge of market fragmentation would be an issue of the past. But after the entry into force of the treaty, not much progress has been made in the economic integration of Caribbean markets. Issues abound as to whether the CARICOM, one of the world’s oldest still-functioning regional economic institutions, would ever be able to survive and, if it does, whether it would plug the Caribbean region into global commerce. This chapter holds that there are still weak areas in the framework of the Revised Treaty of Chaguaramas that could not support market integration. It suggests that the CARICOM must play a greater role to strengthen this framework.Less

Introduction

David S Berry

in Caribbean Integration Law

Chapter 1 introduces book, speaking to its comparative and international institutional characteristics. It justifies reliance upon EU law by analogy, as well as the extensive textual focus upon the ... More

Chapter 1 introduces book, speaking to its comparative and international institutional characteristics. It justifies reliance upon EU law by analogy, as well as the extensive textual focus upon the two regional treaties. It suggests that by looking at the texts of the Revised Treaty of Chaguaramas and the Revised Treaty of Basseterre we may understand both the limitations and potentials of CARICOM and the OECS. Chapter 1 also sketches out the structure and contents of the book.Less