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This chapter gives the commentary on Book III of Augustine's The City of God. It examines Augustine's View, which he has inherited from earlier Christian apologists, about the malignant demons that pose as the Roman gods. It also looks at Augustine's thesis on how Rome has suffered misfortunes throughout history, which the pagan deities did not or could not prevent. The chapter discusses how Augustine insists that God allots grace to all who are worthy of it, stating that the salvation provided by religion was never wanting to anyone who was worthy of it. It looks into Augustine's acceptance of the authorized version that Rome was founded from Troy, although it was more of a legend than history.

This chapter provides the background for Book III of Thucydides's History, a historical account of the Peloponnesian War. It talks about Thucydides, who was an Athenian historian that was the son of Olorus and had mining interests in Thrace. It speculates Thucydides was born not later than 454 as he was likely at least thirty years old when he served as an Athenian general from 424 to 423. The chapter recounts how Thucydides failed to prevent Amphipolis from falling into the hands of the Spartans but was in time to save Eïon for Athens. It also mentions Thucydides's exile due to failure and he did not return to Athens until an amnesty was proclaimed at the end of the Peloponnesian War in 404.

This chapter provides a commentary that assesses the accuracy of the historical account of the Peloponnesian War in Book III of Thucydides's History. It explains how Thucydides adopted a natural calendar of summers and winters and identified points within summer or winter by natural phenomena in the middle of the campaigning season. It also discusses the method Thucydides used in maintaining the approximate chronological order so that a protracted sequence of events is occasionally interrupted for a note of other events that took place about the same time. The chapter traces the three sequences that are presented in several sections of Book III: the revolt of Mytilene, Athens and the west, and campaigns in north-western Greece. It also describes the basic strategy of the Peloponnesian invasion of Attica that was used every year from 431 to 425.

This chapter mentions all the books cited in Book III of Thucydides's History. It lists editions of Thucydides that were referenced only for their emendations of the Greek text and standard editions of other classical authors. It also includes details of a limited selection of other books that are not specifically cited as they have different publishers in the United Kingdom and the United States or the American publisher is named second, in parentheses. For the Greek text, the most recent major editions are ROMILLY, J. DE, with WEIL, R., & BODIN, L. (Coll. Budé.) 6 volumes (book III by Weil with de Romilly, in vol. iii, 196~). Paris: Les Belles Lettres, 1953-72; i2 1958. and STUART JONES, H., with apparatus criticus revised by POWELL, J.E. (Oxford Classical Texts.) 2 volumes (book III in vol. i). Oxford U., P., 1942. It also covers DovER, K. J. Thucydides Book VI and Thucydides Book VII, with an introduction and commentary. Oxford U. P., 1965. and RHODES, P.J. Thucydides: History, II, edited with transation and commentary. Aris & Phillips, 1988.

This chapter introduces Augustine's Books III and IV of The City of God. It discusses how Augustine countered ideas that gods must be worshipped in order to ensure prosperity in the present life and criticized beliefs that the hindrance of prosperity is hostile to the Christian name. It also looks at Augustine's books that refute claims on the preservation of earthly life and temporal happiness in human affairs. The chapter analyzes the significance of the recent fall of Rome to the Goths due to the imperial proscription of pagan ritual and the destruction of pagan temples. It examines how Augustine offers guidance to his Christian flock, who had suffered harsh tribulations, by reminding them that their true happiness lay not in the blessedness of the world to come.

This chapter provides the original text and translation of Book III of Augustine's The City of God. It begins with a programmatic statement that demonstrates how Roman gods had encouraged rather than stemmed the moral degeneration of the community. It also emphasizes how Roman gods have failed to alleviate the physical hardships and disasters that plagued Rome since its foundation. The chapter follows a selective review of the history of Rome from the Regal period to the principate of Augustus. It outlines the reverses and miseries endured by the Roman people, as well as the injustices inflicted both on foreign nations and fellow citizens.

This chapter provides the original text and translation of the historical account of the Peloponnesian War in Book III of Thucydides's History. It points out the division of the historical account into summers and winters from 428 to 425. It also recounts events from the fourth summer and winter, which includes the Peloponnesian invasion of Attica, revolt of Mytilene, involvement of Asopius in the north-west, Athenian financial difficulties, and escape of Plataeans, The chapter discusses another Peloponnesian invasion of Attica in 427, fourth revolt of Mytilene, fall of Plataea, civil war in Corcyra, and earthquakes in Athens. It talks about the campaigns in the sixth summer and winter, such as the battle in Melos and Boeotia, Athen's purification of Delos, and the founding of a Spartan colony at Heraclea Trachinia.