James C. Mohr
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195162318
- eISBN:
- 9780199788910
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195162318.003.0008
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
The Board of Health decided on New Year's Eve that quarantine alone would not eradicate bubonic plague from Honolulu. Following a suggestion from civilian power-broker Lorrin Thurston, and acting on ...
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The Board of Health decided on New Year's Eve that quarantine alone would not eradicate bubonic plague from Honolulu. Following a suggestion from civilian power-broker Lorrin Thurston, and acting on their understanding of bacteriology, the three physicians implemented a new policy of burning confirmed plague sites. This policy evoked further protest from Chinese, Japanese, Hawaiians, and white landowners.Less
The Board of Health decided on New Year's Eve that quarantine alone would not eradicate bubonic plague from Honolulu. Following a suggestion from civilian power-broker Lorrin Thurston, and acting on their understanding of bacteriology, the three physicians implemented a new policy of burning confirmed plague sites. This policy evoked further protest from Chinese, Japanese, Hawaiians, and white landowners.
Peter Mandler
- Published in print:
- 1990
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198217817
- eISBN:
- 9780191678288
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198217817.003.0008
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History
Viewed from the outside, the prospects for a Whig government did not look good in 1846. The Whig party's will to resist coalition with the Peelites seemed very weak, as its liberal wing had grown ...
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Viewed from the outside, the prospects for a Whig government did not look good in 1846. The Whig party's will to resist coalition with the Peelites seemed very weak, as its liberal wing had grown very moderate and the old Whig families seemed to be withdrawing from active leadership altogether. The alternative to coalition with the Peelites, some kind of agreement with the Radicals as in 1835, was no longer feasible. If an aggravated reprise such as that of the late 1830s was to be avoided, a liberal–conservative coalition — certainly bringing together Robert Peel and Lord John Russell, and possibly roping free-trade Radicals into the bargain — seemed inevitable. This chapter focuses on the last Whig government (lasting from 1846 to 1852), the Condition of England politics, the Condition of Britain politics, the rise and fall of the General Board of Health, and the passing of the Whigs.Less
Viewed from the outside, the prospects for a Whig government did not look good in 1846. The Whig party's will to resist coalition with the Peelites seemed very weak, as its liberal wing had grown very moderate and the old Whig families seemed to be withdrawing from active leadership altogether. The alternative to coalition with the Peelites, some kind of agreement with the Radicals as in 1835, was no longer feasible. If an aggravated reprise such as that of the late 1830s was to be avoided, a liberal–conservative coalition — certainly bringing together Robert Peel and Lord John Russell, and possibly roping free-trade Radicals into the bargain — seemed inevitable. This chapter focuses on the last Whig government (lasting from 1846 to 1852), the Condition of England politics, the Condition of Britain politics, the rise and fall of the General Board of Health, and the passing of the Whigs.
James C. Mohr
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195162318
- eISBN:
- 9780199788910
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195162318.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
This chapter introduces and offers background on the principal medical figures involved in this drama: Nathaniel B. Emerson, Francis R. Day, and Clifford B. Wood, the three American-trained ...
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This chapter introduces and offers background on the principal medical figures involved in this drama: Nathaniel B. Emerson, Francis R. Day, and Clifford B. Wood, the three American-trained physicians on the Board of Health; Duncan A. Carmichael, who represented the US Marine Hospital Service; and Walter Hoffman, the Honolulu city bacteriologist.Less
This chapter introduces and offers background on the principal medical figures involved in this drama: Nathaniel B. Emerson, Francis R. Day, and Clifford B. Wood, the three American-trained physicians on the Board of Health; Duncan A. Carmichael, who represented the US Marine Hospital Service; and Walter Hoffman, the Honolulu city bacteriologist.
James C. Mohr
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195162318
- eISBN:
- 9780199788910
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195162318.003.0013
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
The Hawaiian Medical Society remained divided over the Board of Health's bacteriology-based policies. Experimental vaccines offered little help against cases of bubonic plague. Disputes arose between ...
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The Hawaiian Medical Society remained divided over the Board of Health's bacteriology-based policies. Experimental vaccines offered little help against cases of bubonic plague. Disputes arose between the Board of Health and the Citizens' Sanitary Commission.Less
The Hawaiian Medical Society remained divided over the Board of Health's bacteriology-based policies. Experimental vaccines offered little help against cases of bubonic plague. Disputes arose between the Board of Health and the Citizens' Sanitary Commission.
James C. Mohr
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195162318
- eISBN:
- 9780199788910
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195162318.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
The quarantine policy stirred personal rivalries and fanned dissension among members of the Hawaiian Medical Society, not all of whom believed that bacteriology could prove the presence of bubonic ...
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The quarantine policy stirred personal rivalries and fanned dissension among members of the Hawaiian Medical Society, not all of whom believed that bacteriology could prove the presence of bubonic plague. Through their newspaper Ke Aloha Aina, Hawaiians joined Chinese and Japanese in protesting the policy. When no deaths followed the initial wave, the Board of Health lifted the quarantine, only to re-impose it as a result of several deaths on Christmas day, 1899.Less
The quarantine policy stirred personal rivalries and fanned dissension among members of the Hawaiian Medical Society, not all of whom believed that bacteriology could prove the presence of bubonic plague. Through their newspaper Ke Aloha Aina, Hawaiians joined Chinese and Japanese in protesting the policy. When no deaths followed the initial wave, the Board of Health lifted the quarantine, only to re-impose it as a result of several deaths on Christmas day, 1899.
James C. Mohr
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195162318
- eISBN:
- 9780199788910
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195162318.003.0009
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
The fire policy rekindled dissension within the Hawaiian Medical Society, which initially voted no confidence in the Board of Health. Those favoring traditional sanitation approaches to public health ...
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The fire policy rekindled dissension within the Hawaiian Medical Society, which initially voted no confidence in the Board of Health. Those favoring traditional sanitation approaches to public health urged the complete destruction of Chinatown as inherently unhealthy; bacteriologists agreed with the Board physicians that policies targeting the pestis bacillus were the right ones.Less
The fire policy rekindled dissension within the Hawaiian Medical Society, which initially voted no confidence in the Board of Health. Those favoring traditional sanitation approaches to public health urged the complete destruction of Chinatown as inherently unhealthy; bacteriologists agreed with the Board physicians that policies targeting the pestis bacillus were the right ones.
James C. Mohr
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195162318
- eISBN:
- 9780199788910
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195162318.003.0010
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
Beginning New Year's Day 1900, whenever anyone died of bubonic plague, surviving residents of the same building were relocated to detention camps for surveillance and the building itself was burned. ...
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Beginning New Year's Day 1900, whenever anyone died of bubonic plague, surviving residents of the same building were relocated to detention camps for surveillance and the building itself was burned. The Citizens' Sanitary Commission, often at odds with the Board of Health, conducted inspections of individuals and suspected plague sites throughout Honolulu. Chinese, Japanese, and Hawaiian charitable societies organized to aid the people who were rendered homeless by this fire policy.Less
Beginning New Year's Day 1900, whenever anyone died of bubonic plague, surviving residents of the same building were relocated to detention camps for surveillance and the building itself was burned. The Citizens' Sanitary Commission, often at odds with the Board of Health, conducted inspections of individuals and suspected plague sites throughout Honolulu. Chinese, Japanese, and Hawaiian charitable societies organized to aid the people who were rendered homeless by this fire policy.
James C. Mohr
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195162318
- eISBN:
- 9780199788910
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195162318.003.0014
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
The Board of Health expanded its fire policy to Kahului's Chinatown on the island of Maui, and continued to deal with a divided Hawaiian Medical Society and a hostile Citizens' Sanitary Commission in ...
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The Board of Health expanded its fire policy to Kahului's Chinatown on the island of Maui, and continued to deal with a divided Hawaiian Medical Society and a hostile Citizens' Sanitary Commission in Honolulu. Though hounded by businessmen, labor bosses, ethnic communities, and commercial interests, the physicians refused to end the emergency until Honolulu passed thirty days without a bubonic plague death, which finally happened April 30, 1900.Less
The Board of Health expanded its fire policy to Kahului's Chinatown on the island of Maui, and continued to deal with a divided Hawaiian Medical Society and a hostile Citizens' Sanitary Commission in Honolulu. Though hounded by businessmen, labor bosses, ethnic communities, and commercial interests, the physicians refused to end the emergency until Honolulu passed thirty days without a bubonic plague death, which finally happened April 30, 1900.
James C. Mohr
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195162318
- eISBN:
- 9780199788910
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195162318.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
Cases of grave illness began to appear in December 1899 among members of Honolulu's sharply divided Chinese community. Traditional Chinese healers denied the existence of bubonic plague and concealed ...
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Cases of grave illness began to appear in December 1899 among members of Honolulu's sharply divided Chinese community. Traditional Chinese healers denied the existence of bubonic plague and concealed deaths, while pro-Western Chinese physicians, led by Li Khai Fai and Kong Tai Heong, urged disclosure and cooperation with the Board of Health. An autopsy by Board physicians confirmed the presence of bubonic plague on December 12, and a state of emergency was declared the next day.Less
Cases of grave illness began to appear in December 1899 among members of Honolulu's sharply divided Chinese community. Traditional Chinese healers denied the existence of bubonic plague and concealed deaths, while pro-Western Chinese physicians, led by Li Khai Fai and Kong Tai Heong, urged disclosure and cooperation with the Board of Health. An autopsy by Board physicians confirmed the presence of bubonic plague on December 12, and a state of emergency was declared the next day.
James C. Mohr
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195162318
- eISBN:
- 9780199788910
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195162318.003.0012
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
The Board of Health housed refugees from the Chinatown fire in large detention camps, where racial and ethnic dissension forced residential segregation.
The Board of Health housed refugees from the Chinatown fire in large detention camps, where racial and ethnic dissension forced residential segregation.
James C. Mohr
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195162318
- eISBN:
- 9780199788910
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195162318.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
On December 13, the Board of Health imposed a quarantine around the Chinatown district of Honolulu along with a mandatory clean-up inside it. This brought hardship to those confined and evoked ...
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On December 13, the Board of Health imposed a quarantine around the Chinatown district of Honolulu along with a mandatory clean-up inside it. This brought hardship to those confined and evoked protest from the Chinese consul Yang Wei Pin and vice-consul Gu Kim Fui and from the Japanese consul Saito Miki. Mandatory cremation of plague victims further alienated Chinese and Hawaiian residents.Less
On December 13, the Board of Health imposed a quarantine around the Chinatown district of Honolulu along with a mandatory clean-up inside it. This brought hardship to those confined and evoked protest from the Chinese consul Yang Wei Pin and vice-consul Gu Kim Fui and from the Japanese consul Saito Miki. Mandatory cremation of plague victims further alienated Chinese and Hawaiian residents.
Donnacha Seán Lucey
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780719087578
- eISBN:
- 9781526104014
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719087578.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History
This chapter examines the reform of the poor law in the early years of the Irish Free State. It highlights that despite the closure of workhouses principles of deterrence still permeated official ...
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This chapter examines the reform of the poor law in the early years of the Irish Free State. It highlights that despite the closure of workhouses principles of deterrence still permeated official welfare policies towards the able-bodied. Central and local government authorities remained primarily concerned that unchecked poor relief was immoral; in turn the workhouse-test, which underpinned the former poor law, was replaced with work-tests as a method to determine the eligibility of poor relief. This chapter also explores localised relief polices in county Kerry and Cork city. Furthermore, it highlights how principles of deterrence were challenged during periods of economic depression leading to further welfare reforms.Less
This chapter examines the reform of the poor law in the early years of the Irish Free State. It highlights that despite the closure of workhouses principles of deterrence still permeated official welfare policies towards the able-bodied. Central and local government authorities remained primarily concerned that unchecked poor relief was immoral; in turn the workhouse-test, which underpinned the former poor law, was replaced with work-tests as a method to determine the eligibility of poor relief. This chapter also explores localised relief polices in county Kerry and Cork city. Furthermore, it highlights how principles of deterrence were challenged during periods of economic depression leading to further welfare reforms.
John Prest
- Published in print:
- 1990
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198201755
- eISBN:
- 9780191675003
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198201755.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History
This chapter focuses on the passage of the Local Government Act of 1858, which abolished the General Board of Health. The drafting of a Bill to amend the Public Health Act of 1848 in such a way as to ...
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This chapter focuses on the passage of the Local Government Act of 1858, which abolished the General Board of Health. The drafting of a Bill to amend the Public Health Act of 1848 in such a way as to make it possible to abolish the General Board was begun in 1857 by Palmerston's stepson, W. F. Cowper, who had succeeded Sir Benjamin Hall as President of the Board of Health. The new Act, which came into force in September 1858, was known as the Local Government Act. The Act enabled the localities to continue to take advantage of the powers contained in the Public Health Act of 1848 in the new circumstances which would exist when the General Board was finally abolished.Less
This chapter focuses on the passage of the Local Government Act of 1858, which abolished the General Board of Health. The drafting of a Bill to amend the Public Health Act of 1848 in such a way as to make it possible to abolish the General Board was begun in 1857 by Palmerston's stepson, W. F. Cowper, who had succeeded Sir Benjamin Hall as President of the Board of Health. The new Act, which came into force in September 1858, was known as the Local Government Act. The Act enabled the localities to continue to take advantage of the powers contained in the Public Health Act of 1848 in the new circumstances which would exist when the General Board was finally abolished.
John Prest
- Published in print:
- 1990
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198201755
- eISBN:
- 9780191675003
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198201755.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History
This chapter discusses the various methods employed by the localities and centre of the Isle of Wight to deal with problems of town improvement and public health. Four towns — Newport, West Cowes, ...
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This chapter discusses the various methods employed by the localities and centre of the Isle of Wight to deal with problems of town improvement and public health. Four towns — Newport, West Cowes, Ryde, and Ventnor — possessed local Acts. In Whippingham and West Cowes, ratepayers took advantage of the Health of Towns Act of 1848 and petitioned the General Board to establish a Local Board of Health, and West Cowes secured one. The Local Government Act of 1858 was adopted by meetings of ratepayers of in East Cowes, Sandown, and Shanklin. Finally, the elected Commissioners at Ventnor and the elected Town Council at Newport adopted the Act hesitantly in stages.Less
This chapter discusses the various methods employed by the localities and centre of the Isle of Wight to deal with problems of town improvement and public health. Four towns — Newport, West Cowes, Ryde, and Ventnor — possessed local Acts. In Whippingham and West Cowes, ratepayers took advantage of the Health of Towns Act of 1848 and petitioned the General Board to establish a Local Board of Health, and West Cowes secured one. The Local Government Act of 1858 was adopted by meetings of ratepayers of in East Cowes, Sandown, and Shanklin. Finally, the elected Commissioners at Ventnor and the elected Town Council at Newport adopted the Act hesitantly in stages.
John Prest
- Published in print:
- 1990
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198201755
- eISBN:
- 9780191675003
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198201755.003.0021
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History
This chapter focuses on the Local Government Act of 1858. It was a versatile piece of legislation, which could be adopted by any representative council, or body of commissioners, and places which ...
More
This chapter focuses on the Local Government Act of 1858. It was a versatile piece of legislation, which could be adopted by any representative council, or body of commissioners, and places which already possessed local Acts were allowed, like Ryde, to lay down the law in exchange for the general Act, or, like Ventnor, and to a lesser extent Huddersfield, to pick and choose their way through the clauses of the general Act and the model clauses Acts which were embodied in it, taking what they judged they needed to supplement their present powers. The most important feature of the Act was the recognition of the existence of places like Sandown, which were unable to afford a private Act, and unwilling to subject themselves to a General Board of Health. There was still a huge unrealised potential for self-government, and the Local Government Act promised to refresh parts of the body politic which other Acts of parliament had been unable to reach.Less
This chapter focuses on the Local Government Act of 1858. It was a versatile piece of legislation, which could be adopted by any representative council, or body of commissioners, and places which already possessed local Acts were allowed, like Ryde, to lay down the law in exchange for the general Act, or, like Ventnor, and to a lesser extent Huddersfield, to pick and choose their way through the clauses of the general Act and the model clauses Acts which were embodied in it, taking what they judged they needed to supplement their present powers. The most important feature of the Act was the recognition of the existence of places like Sandown, which were unable to afford a private Act, and unwilling to subject themselves to a General Board of Health. There was still a huge unrealised potential for self-government, and the Local Government Act promised to refresh parts of the body politic which other Acts of parliament had been unable to reach.
James C. Mohr
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195162318
- eISBN:
- 9780199788910
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195162318.003.0011
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
On January 20, 1900, freak winds turned the burning of a small plague site into a major conflagration. In a matter of hours, the fire spread from the area around Kaumakapili Church throughout the ...
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On January 20, 1900, freak winds turned the burning of a small plague site into a major conflagration. In a matter of hours, the fire spread from the area around Kaumakapili Church throughout the Chinatown district, completely destroying the homes and possessions of over 5,000 Chinese, Japanese, and Hawaiian residents, who were herded to detention camps. The Japanese and Chinese consuls cooperated with the Board of Health to maintain order until the army could be called in.Less
On January 20, 1900, freak winds turned the burning of a small plague site into a major conflagration. In a matter of hours, the fire spread from the area around Kaumakapili Church throughout the Chinatown district, completely destroying the homes and possessions of over 5,000 Chinese, Japanese, and Hawaiian residents, who were herded to detention camps. The Japanese and Chinese consuls cooperated with the Board of Health to maintain order until the army could be called in.
Owen Whooley
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226017464
- eISBN:
- 9780226017778
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226017778.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, History of Science, Technology, and Medicine
This chapter discusses the establishment of the Metropolitan Board of Health of New York City and the rise of public health prior to the 1866 cholera epidemic. The board ushered in a period of ...
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This chapter discusses the establishment of the Metropolitan Board of Health of New York City and the rise of public health prior to the 1866 cholera epidemic. The board ushered in a period of interventionist sanitary reforms and shifted the conceptualization of cholera as a social problem rather than a spiritual problem.Less
This chapter discusses the establishment of the Metropolitan Board of Health of New York City and the rise of public health prior to the 1866 cholera epidemic. The board ushered in a period of interventionist sanitary reforms and shifted the conceptualization of cholera as a social problem rather than a spiritual problem.
Kerri A. Inglis
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- November 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780824834845
- eISBN:
- 9780824871383
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Hawai'i Press
- DOI:
- 10.21313/hawaii/9780824834845.003.0004
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Pacific Studies
This chapter considers the ways Hawaiians and those afflicted with the disease resisted the 1865 Act to Prevent the Spread of Leprosy and its application. At the same time the chapter reveals Western ...
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This chapter considers the ways Hawaiians and those afflicted with the disease resisted the 1865 Act to Prevent the Spread of Leprosy and its application. At the same time the chapter reveals Western anxieties about the disease. Native Hawaiians responded in a variety of ways to both the epidemic and to the Hawaiian Kingdom's response to it. While there was some accommodation and adaptation to the Board of Health policies, there was also resistance, which came in many forms and which was at times violent. Above all, these various reactions demonstrate that Native Hawaiians were not merely victims, but active participants in this disease experience that affected so many.Less
This chapter considers the ways Hawaiians and those afflicted with the disease resisted the 1865 Act to Prevent the Spread of Leprosy and its application. At the same time the chapter reveals Western anxieties about the disease. Native Hawaiians responded in a variety of ways to both the epidemic and to the Hawaiian Kingdom's response to it. While there was some accommodation and adaptation to the Board of Health policies, there was also resistance, which came in many forms and which was at times violent. Above all, these various reactions demonstrate that Native Hawaiians were not merely victims, but active participants in this disease experience that affected so many.
Werner Troesken
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- January 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780226922171
- eISBN:
- 9780226922195
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226922195.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, Economic History
This chapter argues that the rise and fall of yellow fever in the United States was the result of a constellation of American political institutions and ideologies. While it is true that even during ...
More
This chapter argues that the rise and fall of yellow fever in the United States was the result of a constellation of American political institutions and ideologies. While it is true that even during the colonial era rapidly growing port cities such as New York, Philadelphia, and Charleston had been vulnerable to yellow fever, that vulnerability was codified with the ratification of the Constitution in 1789. The Constitution codified this vulnerability because it gave a formal legal structure to ideologies, natural conditions, and informal arrangements that also helped to render the United States vulnerable to yellow fever. These ideologies and informal arrangements include the American commitment to commerce and its antipathy toward centralized authority and federal power, particularly among Southerners.Less
This chapter argues that the rise and fall of yellow fever in the United States was the result of a constellation of American political institutions and ideologies. While it is true that even during the colonial era rapidly growing port cities such as New York, Philadelphia, and Charleston had been vulnerable to yellow fever, that vulnerability was codified with the ratification of the Constitution in 1789. The Constitution codified this vulnerability because it gave a formal legal structure to ideologies, natural conditions, and informal arrangements that also helped to render the United States vulnerable to yellow fever. These ideologies and informal arrangements include the American commitment to commerce and its antipathy toward centralized authority and federal power, particularly among Southerners.
Kerri A. Inglis
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- November 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780824834845
- eISBN:
- 9780824871383
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Hawai'i Press
- DOI:
- 10.21313/hawaii/9780824834845.003.0005
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Pacific Studies
This chapter deals directly with life in the leprosy settlement—with the daily onslaught of disease and death—in a supposedly isolated environment. The physical environment was difficult for those ...
More
This chapter deals directly with life in the leprosy settlement—with the daily onslaught of disease and death—in a supposedly isolated environment. The physical environment was difficult for those who were suffering from leprosy, and the challenges of that environment as well as death were constant throughout the early decades of the leprosy settlement, informing every aspect of daily life for the patients. Presented largely from the perspective of the Board of Health, the chapter looks at the problems associated with the isolation policy, but it also considers the demonstrated agency of Native Hawaiians in this history. Kānaka Maoli sought ways of treating/curing the disease, gave kōkua (help, service) to fellow sufferers, and found ways to survive in their isolated condition.Less
This chapter deals directly with life in the leprosy settlement—with the daily onslaught of disease and death—in a supposedly isolated environment. The physical environment was difficult for those who were suffering from leprosy, and the challenges of that environment as well as death were constant throughout the early decades of the leprosy settlement, informing every aspect of daily life for the patients. Presented largely from the perspective of the Board of Health, the chapter looks at the problems associated with the isolation policy, but it also considers the demonstrated agency of Native Hawaiians in this history. Kānaka Maoli sought ways of treating/curing the disease, gave kōkua (help, service) to fellow sufferers, and found ways to survive in their isolated condition.