Kala Seetharam Sridhar and A. Venugopala Reddy
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780198065388
- eISBN:
- 9780199081264
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198065388.003.0005
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental
This chapter considers the case of Bangalore, which is located about 840 to 940 metres above the sea level. The city is also the fifth largest metropolitan area in India. It is noted that these ...
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This chapter considers the case of Bangalore, which is located about 840 to 940 metres above the sea level. The city is also the fifth largest metropolitan area in India. It is noted that these topographical characteristics seem to contribute to increasing the cost of certain public services, such as water supply. Before discussing the city's expenditure and service delivery on these types of public services, the socio-economic characteristics of Bangalore are provided. A summary of the revenues of the Bruhath Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike (BBMP) and the Bangalore Development Authority (BDA) is included. Finally, a detailed examination of the city's expenditure on locally provided public services is provided. This examination reveals that the expenditure on sewerage, water supply, and labour-intensive services is below the national average.Less
This chapter considers the case of Bangalore, which is located about 840 to 940 metres above the sea level. The city is also the fifth largest metropolitan area in India. It is noted that these topographical characteristics seem to contribute to increasing the cost of certain public services, such as water supply. Before discussing the city's expenditure and service delivery on these types of public services, the socio-economic characteristics of Bangalore are provided. A summary of the revenues of the Bruhath Bengaluru Mahanagara Palike (BBMP) and the Bangalore Development Authority (BDA) is included. Finally, a detailed examination of the city's expenditure on locally provided public services is provided. This examination reveals that the expenditure on sewerage, water supply, and labour-intensive services is below the national average.
V. N. Balasubramanyam and Ahalya Balasubramanyam
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780199250011
- eISBN:
- 9780191596216
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199250014.003.0014
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, International
The software cluster in Bangalore, South India, represents in a microcosm several of the developments associated with globalization identified in Ch. 1. It is a knowledge‐oriented or ...
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The software cluster in Bangalore, South India, represents in a microcosm several of the developments associated with globalization identified in Ch. 1. It is a knowledge‐oriented or human‐capital‐intensive industry that has attracted multinational firms to Bangalore, both as producers and consumers of software, turning the city into an international gateway for trained labour. The state has actively assisted the growth of the industry. This chapter addresses the reasons for the success of the software cluster. The main sections provide a brief description of the size and structure of the software cluster in Bangalore, discuss the Bangalore cluster in the light of received explanations of clusters from geographers and regional economists, and analyse the cluster in the context of the economics of agglomeration and developments associated with globalization.Less
The software cluster in Bangalore, South India, represents in a microcosm several of the developments associated with globalization identified in Ch. 1. It is a knowledge‐oriented or human‐capital‐intensive industry that has attracted multinational firms to Bangalore, both as producers and consumers of software, turning the city into an international gateway for trained labour. The state has actively assisted the growth of the industry. This chapter addresses the reasons for the success of the software cluster. The main sections provide a brief description of the size and structure of the software cluster in Bangalore, discuss the Bangalore cluster in the light of received explanations of clusters from geographers and regional economists, and analyse the cluster in the context of the economics of agglomeration and developments associated with globalization.
Kala Seetharam Sridhar and A. Venugopala Reddy
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780198065388
- eISBN:
- 9780199081264
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198065388.003.0006
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental
This chapter summarizes the different findings the four case studies on Bangalore, Ahmedabad, Jaipur, and Kolkata, discussed in previous chapters. The discussion begins with a summary of the findings ...
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This chapter summarizes the different findings the four case studies on Bangalore, Ahmedabad, Jaipur, and Kolkata, discussed in previous chapters. The discussion begins with a summary of the findings on finance, and then moves on to a summary of the findings on expenditure, public service delivery, and the relationship between the two. Based on the findings presented in this chapter, this study implies that the local government units in India have been benefiting from land sales and leasing in order to fund their infrastructure needs. However, the study is able to determine that their expenditures fall below the nationally accepted norms, thus providing a lower standard of these public services. This chapter concludes that spending and municipal revenues are at the core of the problem.Less
This chapter summarizes the different findings the four case studies on Bangalore, Ahmedabad, Jaipur, and Kolkata, discussed in previous chapters. The discussion begins with a summary of the findings on finance, and then moves on to a summary of the findings on expenditure, public service delivery, and the relationship between the two. Based on the findings presented in this chapter, this study implies that the local government units in India have been benefiting from land sales and leasing in order to fund their infrastructure needs. However, the study is able to determine that their expenditures fall below the nationally accepted norms, thus providing a lower standard of these public services. This chapter concludes that spending and municipal revenues are at the core of the problem.
M.K. Raghavendra
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780198071587
- eISBN:
- 9780199080793
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198071587.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, Film, Media, and Cultural Studies
The first comprehensive inquiry into the origin and growth of regional language cinema in India, this book traces the development of Kannada cinema from the 1940s to the new millennium. Focusing on ...
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The first comprehensive inquiry into the origin and growth of regional language cinema in India, this book traces the development of Kannada cinema from the 1940s to the new millennium. Focusing on the role regional language cinema plays, the book examines the conflict between the ‘region’ and the ‘nation’ in the regional consciousness. It explores how its origin in a princely state under indirect British rule had an impact on the shaping of Kannada cinema, and inquiries into the effect of the linguistic reorganization of the states in the 1950s upon regional identity. Exploring the influence of national developments—from the ascendancy of Indira Gandhi in the 1960s to economic liberalization in the 1990s—on regional identity, the book provides first-time assessments of the Kannada star Rajkumar as a regional icon and the changing meaning of Bangalore city to the Kannada-speaking public.Less
The first comprehensive inquiry into the origin and growth of regional language cinema in India, this book traces the development of Kannada cinema from the 1940s to the new millennium. Focusing on the role regional language cinema plays, the book examines the conflict between the ‘region’ and the ‘nation’ in the regional consciousness. It explores how its origin in a princely state under indirect British rule had an impact on the shaping of Kannada cinema, and inquiries into the effect of the linguistic reorganization of the states in the 1950s upon regional identity. Exploring the influence of national developments—from the ascendancy of Indira Gandhi in the 1960s to economic liberalization in the 1990s—on regional identity, the book provides first-time assessments of the Kannada star Rajkumar as a regional icon and the changing meaning of Bangalore city to the Kannada-speaking public.
M.K. Raghavendra
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780198071587
- eISBN:
- 9780199080793
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198071587.003.0004
- Subject:
- Literature, Film, Media, and Cultural Studies
This chapter examines Kannada films from the 1990s. It discusses how from the late 1980s onwards, Kannada cinema becomes depleted because of a lack of signifiers — the cinema does not ‘mean’ in the ...
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This chapter examines Kannada films from the 1990s. It discusses how from the late 1980s onwards, Kannada cinema becomes depleted because of a lack of signifiers — the cinema does not ‘mean’ in the way it had done hitherto. The region is absent as an imagined community in these Kannada films and this perhaps accounts for them being unable to ‘mean’. It considers one aspect of Kannada cinema that has distressed its avid followers — the vulgarity that appears to overwhelm it in the early 1990s. It also looks at the treatment of women in these films, specifically the notion of feminine promiscuity. It discusses the attitude of Kannada cinema towards Bangalore and how a large number of films are either ‘framed’ as stories being related by filmmakers or involve the process of filmmaking in some way.Less
This chapter examines Kannada films from the 1990s. It discusses how from the late 1980s onwards, Kannada cinema becomes depleted because of a lack of signifiers — the cinema does not ‘mean’ in the way it had done hitherto. The region is absent as an imagined community in these Kannada films and this perhaps accounts for them being unable to ‘mean’. It considers one aspect of Kannada cinema that has distressed its avid followers — the vulgarity that appears to overwhelm it in the early 1990s. It also looks at the treatment of women in these films, specifically the notion of feminine promiscuity. It discusses the attitude of Kannada cinema towards Bangalore and how a large number of films are either ‘framed’ as stories being related by filmmakers or involve the process of filmmaking in some way.
M.K. Raghavendra
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780198071587
- eISBN:
- 9780199080793
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198071587.003.0005
- Subject:
- Literature, Film, Media, and Cultural Studies
This chapter examines Kannada cinema in the first decade of the twenty-first century. It begins by reviewing the author’s findings with regard to the shape taken by Kannada narrative from the 1930s ...
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This chapter examines Kannada cinema in the first decade of the twenty-first century. It begins by reviewing the author’s findings with regard to the shape taken by Kannada narrative from the 1930s onwards, up till the new millennium. It then discusses how Bangalore played a greater role in the Kannada film after 2000, including how the motif of the migrant in Bangalore became stronger in the new millennium. It analyses two remakes in Kannada of films made in another language: Sanjeevi’s Swetha Naga, about a researcher in zoology who is skeptical about the mythology around the cobra who ventures into a forest; and P. Vasu’s Apthamitra, a ghost story about a road construction engineer who acquires a palace rumoured to be haunted.Less
This chapter examines Kannada cinema in the first decade of the twenty-first century. It begins by reviewing the author’s findings with regard to the shape taken by Kannada narrative from the 1930s onwards, up till the new millennium. It then discusses how Bangalore played a greater role in the Kannada film after 2000, including how the motif of the migrant in Bangalore became stronger in the new millennium. It analyses two remakes in Kannada of films made in another language: Sanjeevi’s Swetha Naga, about a researcher in zoology who is skeptical about the mythology around the cobra who ventures into a forest; and P. Vasu’s Apthamitra, a ghost story about a road construction engineer who acquires a palace rumoured to be haunted.
M.K. Raghavendra
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780198071587
- eISBN:
- 9780199080793
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198071587.003.0007
- Subject:
- Literature, Film, Media, and Cultural Studies
This chapter suggests that linguistic reorganization was unsuccessful in creating a single Kannada nation out of the different Kannada-speaking areas brought together. The vestiges of Mysore still ...
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This chapter suggests that linguistic reorganization was unsuccessful in creating a single Kannada nation out of the different Kannada-speaking areas brought together. The vestiges of Mysore still appear to dominate the ‘Kannada community’ and the asymmetry in the constitution of the ‘Kannada identity’ was perhaps accentuated by Bangalore being made the capital of the Kannada state instead of a more appropriate city — like Davanagere or Hubli — which was more centrally located in the Kannada-speaking territory. Despite the discouraging situation with regard to the strength of the region in the local consciousness, the regional identity still resists subsumption by the nation. If such resistance had not been offered, Kannada cinema, like Hindi cinema, might perhaps have been celebrating wealth and consumption-based lifestyles instead of dealing with those living on the margins as it has been doing in the past few years.Less
This chapter suggests that linguistic reorganization was unsuccessful in creating a single Kannada nation out of the different Kannada-speaking areas brought together. The vestiges of Mysore still appear to dominate the ‘Kannada community’ and the asymmetry in the constitution of the ‘Kannada identity’ was perhaps accentuated by Bangalore being made the capital of the Kannada state instead of a more appropriate city — like Davanagere or Hubli — which was more centrally located in the Kannada-speaking territory. Despite the discouraging situation with regard to the strength of the region in the local consciousness, the regional identity still resists subsumption by the nation. If such resistance had not been offered, Kannada cinema, like Hindi cinema, might perhaps have been celebrating wealth and consumption-based lifestyles instead of dealing with those living on the margins as it has been doing in the past few years.
Lakshmi Srinivas
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780226361420
- eISBN:
- 9780226361734
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226361734.001.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Culture
Popular Indian cinema provides entertainment for people from all walks of life but equally importantly, cinema provides collective experience and a common referent in a country of mind-boggling ...
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Popular Indian cinema provides entertainment for people from all walks of life but equally importantly, cinema provides collective experience and a common referent in a country of mind-boggling diversities. Drawing on in-depth, multi-year ethnography in the South Indian city of Bangalore and involving participant observation on film sets, watching films in stratified cinema halls, accompanying habituated audiences to the cinema and conversations with moviegoers, exhibitors, distributors, ushers, fans and filmmakers, House Full makes a case for a total perspective on cinema film. It argues that the magic of motion pictures in India cannot be understood without addressing the liveness of cinema, its social existence and cultural ramifications, and most importantly, its audiences. Indeed by exploring the concept of cinema as a participatory and collaborative making that includes audiences and their aesthetic and social practices, the book offers new analytical approaches and new ways to think about cinema film.Less
Popular Indian cinema provides entertainment for people from all walks of life but equally importantly, cinema provides collective experience and a common referent in a country of mind-boggling diversities. Drawing on in-depth, multi-year ethnography in the South Indian city of Bangalore and involving participant observation on film sets, watching films in stratified cinema halls, accompanying habituated audiences to the cinema and conversations with moviegoers, exhibitors, distributors, ushers, fans and filmmakers, House Full makes a case for a total perspective on cinema film. It argues that the magic of motion pictures in India cannot be understood without addressing the liveness of cinema, its social existence and cultural ramifications, and most importantly, its audiences. Indeed by exploring the concept of cinema as a participatory and collaborative making that includes audiences and their aesthetic and social practices, the book offers new analytical approaches and new ways to think about cinema film.
James W. Cortada
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199921553
- eISBN:
- 9780199980406
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199921553.003.0010
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental
India is the latest major adopter of computers. In the past twenty years it has become a hotbed of the international outsourcing and software development businesses. It is the most dramatic example ...
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India is the latest major adopter of computers. In the past twenty years it has become a hotbed of the international outsourcing and software development businesses. It is the most dramatic example of an economic export strategy based on services, not manufacturing. The Indian IT industry has experienced some of the most dramatic growth rates ever seen in the world. Yet it is an economy that has not embraced and used computers to the extent its export success would suggest. Why that is the case is a central issue discussed in this chapter. It reviews Indian experiences with the supply and demand sides of computing from the start of the 1950s to the present.Less
India is the latest major adopter of computers. In the past twenty years it has become a hotbed of the international outsourcing and software development businesses. It is the most dramatic example of an economic export strategy based on services, not manufacturing. The Indian IT industry has experienced some of the most dramatic growth rates ever seen in the world. Yet it is an economy that has not embraced and used computers to the extent its export success would suggest. Why that is the case is a central issue discussed in this chapter. It reviews Indian experiences with the supply and demand sides of computing from the start of the 1950s to the present.
Patrick Inglis
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- July 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780190664763
- eISBN:
- 9780190664800
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190664763.001.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Social Stratification, Inequality, and Mobility, Urban and Rural Studies
Despite India’s three decades of economic liberalization, access to quality education, well-paying jobs, and high standards of living align with prior class and caste advantages, leaving many poor ...
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Despite India’s three decades of economic liberalization, access to quality education, well-paying jobs, and high standards of living align with prior class and caste advantages, leaving many poor and working-class people stuck in place and obligated to seek handouts from the rich. The study draws on ten years of ethnographic fieldwork at three private golf clubs in Bangalore, India’s Silicon Valley, to explore the ties of dependence wealthy club members generate with the poor lower-caste golf caddies who carry their bags, and in a manner that reproduces their positions of privilege and authority. The caddies are not employees, and yet neither do they have complete control over their rates and schedules. Making $3–5 for a five- or six-hour round, caddies deploy acts servility and deference to yield additional money for healthcare, children’s school fees, and other household expenses. While a rare few caddies win sufficient support to put them and their families on a path of social mobility, most struggle to make ends meet, living in less-than-secure housing, going without food in some cases, and sending their children to low-quality schools that all but guarantee they will take up similar work as their fathers. The necessity but ultimate limitation of such relationships between the rich and poor underscores the failure of India’s development strategy, which favors private over public interests, and has yet to establish well-funded healthcare, education, and basic social services that would improve chances of social mobility and independence among the poor.Less
Despite India’s three decades of economic liberalization, access to quality education, well-paying jobs, and high standards of living align with prior class and caste advantages, leaving many poor and working-class people stuck in place and obligated to seek handouts from the rich. The study draws on ten years of ethnographic fieldwork at three private golf clubs in Bangalore, India’s Silicon Valley, to explore the ties of dependence wealthy club members generate with the poor lower-caste golf caddies who carry their bags, and in a manner that reproduces their positions of privilege and authority. The caddies are not employees, and yet neither do they have complete control over their rates and schedules. Making $3–5 for a five- or six-hour round, caddies deploy acts servility and deference to yield additional money for healthcare, children’s school fees, and other household expenses. While a rare few caddies win sufficient support to put them and their families on a path of social mobility, most struggle to make ends meet, living in less-than-secure housing, going without food in some cases, and sending their children to low-quality schools that all but guarantee they will take up similar work as their fathers. The necessity but ultimate limitation of such relationships between the rich and poor underscores the failure of India’s development strategy, which favors private over public interests, and has yet to establish well-funded healthcare, education, and basic social services that would improve chances of social mobility and independence among the poor.
Carol Upadhya
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- October 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780199461486
- eISBN:
- 9780199087495
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199461486.001.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Economic Sociology, Social Stratification, Inequality, and Mobility
Reengineering India explores India’s post-liberalization transformation through the lens of the software industry. It is an anthropological study of work, capital, and class in the software industry, ...
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Reengineering India explores India’s post-liberalization transformation through the lens of the software industry. It is an anthropological study of work, capital, and class in the software industry, viewed as a key site where novel forms of work and worker-subjects, dispositions, and social identities are being fashioned, and new aspirations and social imaginaries are introduced, worked out, contested, and often transformed. It traces the multiple genealogies of software capital and its modes of value generation and explores the production, shaping, and circulation of Indian information technology (IT) labour. Drawing on ethnographic research in Bangalore’s software companies, the book examines the organizational practices of these companies to unravel the conjunctions of work, power, culture, and subjectivity in these global workspaces. It also maps the interconnections between IT labour and capital, social mobility, and the reconstitution of the middle class, and explores the diverse lives of ‘Indian culture’ and ‘middle class’ identity as mobile IT professionals pursue their projects of self-fashioning and social mobility within a transnational social field. Highlighting the agency of IT workers, organizations, and entrepreneurs in India’s post-liberalization reconfiguration, the author argues that the forms and modalities of capital, work, identity, sociality, and subjectivity that have been forged in IT workspaces are not just by-products of globalization, but have been deeply shaped by the social and historical conditions of their making. Although the software industry has been central to the fashioning of a ‘new India’, it remains deeply embedded in older structures of inequality and modes of accumulation.Less
Reengineering India explores India’s post-liberalization transformation through the lens of the software industry. It is an anthropological study of work, capital, and class in the software industry, viewed as a key site where novel forms of work and worker-subjects, dispositions, and social identities are being fashioned, and new aspirations and social imaginaries are introduced, worked out, contested, and often transformed. It traces the multiple genealogies of software capital and its modes of value generation and explores the production, shaping, and circulation of Indian information technology (IT) labour. Drawing on ethnographic research in Bangalore’s software companies, the book examines the organizational practices of these companies to unravel the conjunctions of work, power, culture, and subjectivity in these global workspaces. It also maps the interconnections between IT labour and capital, social mobility, and the reconstitution of the middle class, and explores the diverse lives of ‘Indian culture’ and ‘middle class’ identity as mobile IT professionals pursue their projects of self-fashioning and social mobility within a transnational social field. Highlighting the agency of IT workers, organizations, and entrepreneurs in India’s post-liberalization reconfiguration, the author argues that the forms and modalities of capital, work, identity, sociality, and subjectivity that have been forged in IT workspaces are not just by-products of globalization, but have been deeply shaped by the social and historical conditions of their making. Although the software industry has been central to the fashioning of a ‘new India’, it remains deeply embedded in older structures of inequality and modes of accumulation.
John Stratton Hawley and Vasudha Narayanan (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520249134
- eISBN:
- 9780520940079
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520249134.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Hinduism
This book presents Hinduism as a vibrant, truly “lived” religion. Celebrating the diversity for which Hinduism is known, it begins its journey in the “new India” of Bangalore, India's Silicon Valley, ...
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This book presents Hinduism as a vibrant, truly “lived” religion. Celebrating the diversity for which Hinduism is known, it begins its journey in the “new India” of Bangalore, India's Silicon Valley, where global connections and local traditions rub shoulders daily. Readers are then offered a glimpse into the multifaceted world of Hindu worship, life-cycle rites, festivals, performances, gurus, and castes. The book's final sections deal with the Hinduism that is emerging in diasporic North America and with issues of identity which face Hindus in India and around the world: militancy versus tolerance and the struggle between owning one's own religion and sharing it with others. Contributors to the book are: Andrew Abbott, Michael Burawoy, Patricia Hill Collins, Barbara Ehrenreich, Evelyn Nakano Glenn, Sharon Hays, Douglas Massey, Joya Misra, Orlando Patterson, Frances Fox Piven, Lynn Smith-Lovin, Judith Stacey, Arthur Stinchcombe, Alain Touraine, Immanuel Wallerstein, William Julius Wilson, and Robert Zussman.Less
This book presents Hinduism as a vibrant, truly “lived” religion. Celebrating the diversity for which Hinduism is known, it begins its journey in the “new India” of Bangalore, India's Silicon Valley, where global connections and local traditions rub shoulders daily. Readers are then offered a glimpse into the multifaceted world of Hindu worship, life-cycle rites, festivals, performances, gurus, and castes. The book's final sections deal with the Hinduism that is emerging in diasporic North America and with issues of identity which face Hindus in India and around the world: militancy versus tolerance and the struggle between owning one's own religion and sharing it with others. Contributors to the book are: Andrew Abbott, Michael Burawoy, Patricia Hill Collins, Barbara Ehrenreich, Evelyn Nakano Glenn, Sharon Hays, Douglas Massey, Joya Misra, Orlando Patterson, Frances Fox Piven, Lynn Smith-Lovin, Judith Stacey, Arthur Stinchcombe, Alain Touraine, Immanuel Wallerstein, William Julius Wilson, and Robert Zussman.
John Stratton Hawley and Vasudha Narayanan
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520249134
- eISBN:
- 9780520940079
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520249134.003.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Hinduism
Beginning in Bangalore, this chapter describes the progress in India and the role of religion in it. It describes Hinduism and the five strands that constitute Hindu dharma in its many facets: ...
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Beginning in Bangalore, this chapter describes the progress in India and the role of religion in it. It describes Hinduism and the five strands that constitute Hindu dharma in its many facets: doctrine, practice, society, story and performance, and bhakti. The book aims to unravel the fabric a bit, focusing on just one strand: practice.Less
Beginning in Bangalore, this chapter describes the progress in India and the role of religion in it. It describes Hinduism and the five strands that constitute Hindu dharma in its many facets: doctrine, practice, society, story and performance, and bhakti. The book aims to unravel the fabric a bit, focusing on just one strand: practice.
Sunil Kumar
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9781861343956
- eISBN:
- 9781447304340
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781861343956.003.0012
- Subject:
- Sociology, Social Stratification, Inequality, and Mobility
The poverty of the masses in India has been of concern for generations. This chapter documents the mismatch between actual housing policies and the kind of policies needed to assist the poor in ...
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The poverty of the masses in India has been of concern for generations. This chapter documents the mismatch between actual housing policies and the kind of policies needed to assist the poor in India. The poor are excluded from formal housing processes and are made insecure by the mechanisms that are supposed to serve them. The chapter draws on research in Bangalore and Surat to illustrate the broader policies required of the existing development agencies such as the World Bank, the Inter-American Development Bank, and the UN Centre for Human Settlements (Habitat). In addition to action on material deprivation, a housing policy that provides a range of tenure options and closely replicates informal mechanisms of delivery is what is needed. The difficulty lies in the ability of the institutions of the state to follow such mechanisms, primarily because they are intricately located within multiple social and political relationships.Less
The poverty of the masses in India has been of concern for generations. This chapter documents the mismatch between actual housing policies and the kind of policies needed to assist the poor in India. The poor are excluded from formal housing processes and are made insecure by the mechanisms that are supposed to serve them. The chapter draws on research in Bangalore and Surat to illustrate the broader policies required of the existing development agencies such as the World Bank, the Inter-American Development Bank, and the UN Centre for Human Settlements (Habitat). In addition to action on material deprivation, a housing policy that provides a range of tenure options and closely replicates informal mechanisms of delivery is what is needed. The difficulty lies in the ability of the institutions of the state to follow such mechanisms, primarily because they are intricately located within multiple social and political relationships.
Elizabeth Hamilton
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780199460113
- eISBN:
- 9780199086474
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199460113.003.0008
- Subject:
- History, Indian History, Social History
A picture is painted in this chapter of life at the Bangalore Residency in the well-run Hindu state of Mysore with all its pageantry and colourful festivals. The maharajah is seen to be an ...
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A picture is painted in this chapter of life at the Bangalore Residency in the well-run Hindu state of Mysore with all its pageantry and colourful festivals. The maharajah is seen to be an enlightened ruler who takes note of the feelings of his representative council and is devout, capable, and popular. Also Sir Mirza Ismail, his dewan—a Muslim of great ability who becomes a lifelong friend—like Barton, understands the importance of hydro-electric schemes. Sectarian troubles allegedly stirred up by Brahmins affect the universities and there are hartals in November 1922 but these are quickly dealt with. The maharajah steps up his programme of reforms.Less
A picture is painted in this chapter of life at the Bangalore Residency in the well-run Hindu state of Mysore with all its pageantry and colourful festivals. The maharajah is seen to be an enlightened ruler who takes note of the feelings of his representative council and is devout, capable, and popular. Also Sir Mirza Ismail, his dewan—a Muslim of great ability who becomes a lifelong friend—like Barton, understands the importance of hydro-electric schemes. Sectarian troubles allegedly stirred up by Brahmins affect the universities and there are hartals in November 1922 but these are quickly dealt with. The maharajah steps up his programme of reforms.
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- June 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780804780544
- eISBN:
- 9780804781916
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Stanford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.11126/stanford/9780804780544.003.0008
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental
This chapter examines the third market environment for the pharmaceutical industry in India and the uncertain state of new health technologies. It provides interviews with leading biotechnology firms ...
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This chapter examines the third market environment for the pharmaceutical industry in India and the uncertain state of new health technologies. It provides interviews with leading biotechnology firms in the southern cities of Bangalore and Hyderabad and describes the companies' organizational models, technology challenges and new business potential. This chapter also argues that lack of market assurance limited local companies to niches with well-defined proof of concept and a few exploratory plant and other therapies.Less
This chapter examines the third market environment for the pharmaceutical industry in India and the uncertain state of new health technologies. It provides interviews with leading biotechnology firms in the southern cities of Bangalore and Hyderabad and describes the companies' organizational models, technology challenges and new business potential. This chapter also argues that lack of market assurance limited local companies to niches with well-defined proof of concept and a few exploratory plant and other therapies.
Patrick Inglis
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- July 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780190664763
- eISBN:
- 9780190664800
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190664763.003.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Social Stratification, Inequality, and Mobility, Urban and Rural Studies
Thomas L. Friedman, an op-ed writer, has suggested that India, and the world, is flat, with many more opportunities available to poor and working-class Indians on account of innovations in software ...
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Thomas L. Friedman, an op-ed writer, has suggested that India, and the world, is flat, with many more opportunities available to poor and working-class Indians on account of innovations in software technology and telecommunications. Critics have largely panned this interpretation of globalization and its effects, typically citing growing inequality in India and across developed and developing societies alike. These same critics, however, ignore the way Friedman’s preferred and often widely adopted policy initiatives—privatization, deregulation, and limited government—actually draw rich and poor together, rather than pull them apart, as is often maintained. Poor and working-class individuals seek out the rich to provide support in the form of wages, interest-free loans, and other benefits unavailable in the society. The chapter draws on the case of poor and lower-caste golf caddies working at the side of wealthy club members in Bangalore to elaborate the limits and consequences of such relationships.Less
Thomas L. Friedman, an op-ed writer, has suggested that India, and the world, is flat, with many more opportunities available to poor and working-class Indians on account of innovations in software technology and telecommunications. Critics have largely panned this interpretation of globalization and its effects, typically citing growing inequality in India and across developed and developing societies alike. These same critics, however, ignore the way Friedman’s preferred and often widely adopted policy initiatives—privatization, deregulation, and limited government—actually draw rich and poor together, rather than pull them apart, as is often maintained. Poor and working-class individuals seek out the rich to provide support in the form of wages, interest-free loans, and other benefits unavailable in the society. The chapter draws on the case of poor and lower-caste golf caddies working at the side of wealthy club members in Bangalore to elaborate the limits and consequences of such relationships.
Lakshmi Srinivas
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780226361420
- eISBN:
- 9780226361734
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226361734.003.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Culture
Chapter 1 introduces the field of Indian cinema, its public culture characterized by diversity and the diversity of its audiences. It also introduces Bangalore city, the field setting for the study. ...
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Chapter 1 introduces the field of Indian cinema, its public culture characterized by diversity and the diversity of its audiences. It also introduces Bangalore city, the field setting for the study. The chapter argues that Indian cinema and filmgoing culture as a non-European cinematic tradition provides a strategic site for a 'field-view' and in-depth ethnography that can address much of what has been overlooked in film studies. Where cinema exists as spectacle and cultural performance and draws on the aesthetics of festival, ethnographic study shows that purely filmic or textual analysis misses the complexities of cinema on the ground. The chapter critiques the Eurocentrism of film studies, describes the difficulties of conducting audience research and the challenges of ethnographic fieldwork as it calls for understandings of cinema and its experience that are grounded in the immediate contexts and institutional settings as well as the broader participatory culture in which cinema exists, is made and recast. It proposes new analytical approaches that are located in cinema’s social world and in settings in which films are made, appropriated and elaborated.Less
Chapter 1 introduces the field of Indian cinema, its public culture characterized by diversity and the diversity of its audiences. It also introduces Bangalore city, the field setting for the study. The chapter argues that Indian cinema and filmgoing culture as a non-European cinematic tradition provides a strategic site for a 'field-view' and in-depth ethnography that can address much of what has been overlooked in film studies. Where cinema exists as spectacle and cultural performance and draws on the aesthetics of festival, ethnographic study shows that purely filmic or textual analysis misses the complexities of cinema on the ground. The chapter critiques the Eurocentrism of film studies, describes the difficulties of conducting audience research and the challenges of ethnographic fieldwork as it calls for understandings of cinema and its experience that are grounded in the immediate contexts and institutional settings as well as the broader participatory culture in which cinema exists, is made and recast. It proposes new analytical approaches that are located in cinema’s social world and in settings in which films are made, appropriated and elaborated.
AnnaLee Saxenian (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- February 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226454528
- eISBN:
- 9780226454542
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226454542.003.0006
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, International
This chapter addresses the growth of the Indian software industry, and provides some contrasts between Bangalore—the center of software in India—and Silicon Valley. India's software industry has ...
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This chapter addresses the growth of the Indian software industry, and provides some contrasts between Bangalore—the center of software in India—and Silicon Valley. India's software industry has grown so rapidly that it evokes frequent comparisons between Bangalore and Silicon Valley. The policy reforms of the 1980s facilitated the emergence of an export-oriented software industry in India. The industry of Indian software as a whole remains significantly less productive than its global competitors. Information technology (IT) presents possible efficiencies in a wide range of private-sector activities, from distribution and marketing to banking to agriculture. The industry association, National Association of Software and Service Companies, has accelerated the policy reform process through its aggressive lobbying while helping to define a minimally interventionist model of industrial promotion. It is noted that Bangalore is not Silicon Valley, and IT is not going to solve all of India's problems.Less
This chapter addresses the growth of the Indian software industry, and provides some contrasts between Bangalore—the center of software in India—and Silicon Valley. India's software industry has grown so rapidly that it evokes frequent comparisons between Bangalore and Silicon Valley. The policy reforms of the 1980s facilitated the emergence of an export-oriented software industry in India. The industry of Indian software as a whole remains significantly less productive than its global competitors. Information technology (IT) presents possible efficiencies in a wide range of private-sector activities, from distribution and marketing to banking to agriculture. The industry association, National Association of Software and Service Companies, has accelerated the policy reform process through its aggressive lobbying while helping to define a minimally interventionist model of industrial promotion. It is noted that Bangalore is not Silicon Valley, and IT is not going to solve all of India's problems.
Carol Upadhya
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- October 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780199461486
- eISBN:
- 9780199087495
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199461486.003.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Economic Sociology, Social Stratification, Inequality, and Mobility
The Introduction outlines the main themes of the book within the context of larger social transformations in India after economic reforms. After a brief introduction to the city of Bangalore, the ...
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The Introduction outlines the main themes of the book within the context of larger social transformations in India after economic reforms. After a brief introduction to the city of Bangalore, the Indian software industry, the IT workforce, and the sociological literature on post-liberalization India, the chapter sketches the larger theoretical questions addressed in the book. Reviewing key debates on capitalism and the question of value, and drawing on anthropological literature on globalization, labour, and class, it outlines the conceptual approach employed to understand the intersections of work, culture, and subjectivity in IT workspaces. Finally, the chapter details the scope of the study, discusses the research methods employed, and provides an overview of the following chapters.Less
The Introduction outlines the main themes of the book within the context of larger social transformations in India after economic reforms. After a brief introduction to the city of Bangalore, the Indian software industry, the IT workforce, and the sociological literature on post-liberalization India, the chapter sketches the larger theoretical questions addressed in the book. Reviewing key debates on capitalism and the question of value, and drawing on anthropological literature on globalization, labour, and class, it outlines the conceptual approach employed to understand the intersections of work, culture, and subjectivity in IT workspaces. Finally, the chapter details the scope of the study, discusses the research methods employed, and provides an overview of the following chapters.
