Juan Luis Ossa Santa Cruz
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- January 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781781381328
- eISBN:
- 9781781384909
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9781781381328.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Latin American History
This book studies the political role of the Chilean military during the years 1808–1826. Beginning with the fall of the Spanish monarchy to Napoleon in 1808 and ending immediately after the last ...
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This book studies the political role of the Chilean military during the years 1808–1826. Beginning with the fall of the Spanish monarchy to Napoleon in 1808 and ending immediately after the last royalist contingents were expelled from the island of Chiloé, it does not seek to give a full picture of the participation of military men on the battlefield but rather to interpret their involvement in local politics. The main categories deployed in this study are 1) armies, 2) politics and 3) revolution, and the three are presented with the purpose of demonstrating that, as Peggy K. Liss has claimed, after 1810 Spanish American public life ‘became militarized; and the military, privileged’. I argue that the Chilean military became privileged because the demise of the Spanish monarchy in 1808 made them protagonists of the decision-making process. In so doing, this book aims to make a contribution to the understanding of Chile’s revolution of independence, as well as to discuss some of the most recent historiographical contributions on the role of the military in the creation of the Chilean republic. Although the focus has been placed on the career and participation of Chilean revolutionary officers, this book also provides an overview of both the role of royalist armies and the influence of international events in Chile.Less
This book studies the political role of the Chilean military during the years 1808–1826. Beginning with the fall of the Spanish monarchy to Napoleon in 1808 and ending immediately after the last royalist contingents were expelled from the island of Chiloé, it does not seek to give a full picture of the participation of military men on the battlefield but rather to interpret their involvement in local politics. The main categories deployed in this study are 1) armies, 2) politics and 3) revolution, and the three are presented with the purpose of demonstrating that, as Peggy K. Liss has claimed, after 1810 Spanish American public life ‘became militarized; and the military, privileged’. I argue that the Chilean military became privileged because the demise of the Spanish monarchy in 1808 made them protagonists of the decision-making process. In so doing, this book aims to make a contribution to the understanding of Chile’s revolution of independence, as well as to discuss some of the most recent historiographical contributions on the role of the military in the creation of the Chilean republic. Although the focus has been placed on the career and participation of Chilean revolutionary officers, this book also provides an overview of both the role of royalist armies and the influence of international events in Chile.
George Anastaplo
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780813125336
- eISBN:
- 9780813135243
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Kentucky
- DOI:
- 10.5810/kentucky/9780813125336.003.0011
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
This chapter deals with the government power to conscript. It provides that the Government of the United States can conscript citizens to serve in the military forces of the country. It notes ...
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This chapter deals with the government power to conscript. It provides that the Government of the United States can conscript citizens to serve in the military forces of the country. It notes however, that the power to conscript is not expressly provided for in the Constitution, but it has long been considered available to a government authorized to “raise and support Armies.” It further notes that systems of military conscription have been employed during the American Civil War, the First World War, the Second World War, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War. It opines that however exalted the status may be of personal liberty in the United States, it does not extend so far as to require that an American army always be made up entirely of volunteers. It notes that the armed forces have, in recent decades, been thus constituted is the result of political, not constitutional, determinations.Less
This chapter deals with the government power to conscript. It provides that the Government of the United States can conscript citizens to serve in the military forces of the country. It notes however, that the power to conscript is not expressly provided for in the Constitution, but it has long been considered available to a government authorized to “raise and support Armies.” It further notes that systems of military conscription have been employed during the American Civil War, the First World War, the Second World War, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War. It opines that however exalted the status may be of personal liberty in the United States, it does not extend so far as to require that an American army always be made up entirely of volunteers. It notes that the armed forces have, in recent decades, been thus constituted is the result of political, not constitutional, determinations.
Pamela J. Walker
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520225916
- eISBN:
- 9780520925854
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520225916.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History
The Salvation Army was a neighborhood religion, but Salvationists were neither fully of the communities they evangelized nor outsiders. Some trade unionists and labor leaders admired the Salvation ...
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The Salvation Army was a neighborhood religion, but Salvationists were neither fully of the communities they evangelized nor outsiders. Some trade unionists and labor leaders admired the Salvation Army's ability to organize its adherents into well-disciplined corps, while others deplored its theological approach to poverty. Some deemed it irrelevant, while others found its services blasphemous. In other instances, young men organized themselves into “Skeleton Armies,” which initiated serious, well-organized street frays. The opposition mounted by pamphlet writers and the legal opposition of magistrates and local governments coincided with attacks by street gangs. The Army stimulated a kind of informal alliance of these unlikely allies, who were united in their desire to clear Salvationists from their neighborhoods. Their opposition allowed the Salvationists to present themselves as the champions of the working class, resisting an unjust church and state—a position that echoed a long tradition of Nonconformist, egalitarian radicalism.Less
The Salvation Army was a neighborhood religion, but Salvationists were neither fully of the communities they evangelized nor outsiders. Some trade unionists and labor leaders admired the Salvation Army's ability to organize its adherents into well-disciplined corps, while others deplored its theological approach to poverty. Some deemed it irrelevant, while others found its services blasphemous. In other instances, young men organized themselves into “Skeleton Armies,” which initiated serious, well-organized street frays. The opposition mounted by pamphlet writers and the legal opposition of magistrates and local governments coincided with attacks by street gangs. The Army stimulated a kind of informal alliance of these unlikely allies, who were united in their desire to clear Salvationists from their neighborhoods. Their opposition allowed the Salvationists to present themselves as the champions of the working class, resisting an unjust church and state—a position that echoed a long tradition of Nonconformist, egalitarian radicalism.
Tom Piazza
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- November 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780231159319
- eISBN:
- 9780231500586
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231159319.003.0018
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Media Studies
This essay reviews the book The Armies of the Night: History as a Novel, the Novel as History, by Norman Mailer. First published in 1968, The Armies of the Night is a journalistic mock epic of the ...
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This essay reviews the book The Armies of the Night: History as a Novel, the Novel as History, by Norman Mailer. First published in 1968, The Armies of the Night is a journalistic mock epic of the October 1967 March on the Pentagon. The book presents Mailer as a reluctant participant in a mass protest against the Vietnam War that took place in October 1967. During that time, the so-called New Journalism was in full bloom. The Armies of the Night stood out in some important ways. In particular, Mailer got as close as he could to the gears of power, and then used his own sensibilities as a set of coordinates by which to measure the dimensions of people and events on the national stage: presidents and astronauts, championship fights and political conventions. Mailer's most significant discovery in Armies was the technique of writing about himself in the third person, as if he were a character in a novel.Less
This essay reviews the book The Armies of the Night: History as a Novel, the Novel as History, by Norman Mailer. First published in 1968, The Armies of the Night is a journalistic mock epic of the October 1967 March on the Pentagon. The book presents Mailer as a reluctant participant in a mass protest against the Vietnam War that took place in October 1967. During that time, the so-called New Journalism was in full bloom. The Armies of the Night stood out in some important ways. In particular, Mailer got as close as he could to the gears of power, and then used his own sensibilities as a set of coordinates by which to measure the dimensions of people and events on the national stage: presidents and astronauts, championship fights and political conventions. Mailer's most significant discovery in Armies was the technique of writing about himself in the third person, as if he were a character in a novel.
Jonathan R. Eller
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- April 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780252036293
- eISBN:
- 9780252093357
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5406/illinois/9780252036293.003.0029
- Subject:
- Literature, 20th-century and Contemporary Literature
This chapter examines how Ray Bradbury's disillusionment with modernity led him to take on Modernist themes such as isolation, alienation, the loss of values, and the decline of traditional sources ...
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This chapter examines how Ray Bradbury's disillusionment with modernity led him to take on Modernist themes such as isolation, alienation, the loss of values, and the decline of traditional sources of wisdom. Bradbury's early work on the Illinois novel coincided with the development of two novel concepts that would not reach print in any form for sixty years: Masks and Where Ignorant Armies Clash By Night. Behind the scenes of his award-winning success with major market magazines, Bradbury's own search for a writing identity in long fiction moved for a time beyond the psychological novel he was writing about his Illinois youth. This chapter considers Bradbury's development of Masks as a second psychological novel project beginning in April 1946 and the ways it differed from the psychological underpinnings of the Illinois novel. It also discusses how Where Ignorant Armies Clash By Night led to Fahrenheit 451 and how one set of its page fragments evolved into a published story as “The Smile” (1952).Less
This chapter examines how Ray Bradbury's disillusionment with modernity led him to take on Modernist themes such as isolation, alienation, the loss of values, and the decline of traditional sources of wisdom. Bradbury's early work on the Illinois novel coincided with the development of two novel concepts that would not reach print in any form for sixty years: Masks and Where Ignorant Armies Clash By Night. Behind the scenes of his award-winning success with major market magazines, Bradbury's own search for a writing identity in long fiction moved for a time beyond the psychological novel he was writing about his Illinois youth. This chapter considers Bradbury's development of Masks as a second psychological novel project beginning in April 1946 and the ways it differed from the psychological underpinnings of the Illinois novel. It also discusses how Where Ignorant Armies Clash By Night led to Fahrenheit 451 and how one set of its page fragments evolved into a published story as “The Smile” (1952).
Juan Luis Ossa Santa Cruz
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- January 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781781381328
- eISBN:
- 9781781384909
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9781781381328.003.0008
- Subject:
- History, Latin American History
This book has argued that armies played a key political role in the Chilean revolution—hence its three main analytical categories: armies, politics and revolution. It has endorsed Mario Góngora’s ...
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This book has argued that armies played a key political role in the Chilean revolution—hence its three main analytical categories: armies, politics and revolution. It has endorsed Mario Góngora’s hypothesis that warfare was central to the process of state building in Chile, and that the revolution was a prolonged experience that had a permanent effect on Chilean society.Less
This book has argued that armies played a key political role in the Chilean revolution—hence its three main analytical categories: armies, politics and revolution. It has endorsed Mario Góngora’s hypothesis that warfare was central to the process of state building in Chile, and that the revolution was a prolonged experience that had a permanent effect on Chilean society.
Jonathan D. Smele
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- June 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780190233044
- eISBN:
- 9780190618551
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190233044.003.0003
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History
This chapter examines the course and failure of the major attacks on the Soviet state that were launched by the White Armies during 1919–20, paying particular attention to those emanating from South ...
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This chapter examines the course and failure of the major attacks on the Soviet state that were launched by the White Armies during 1919–20, paying particular attention to those emanating from South Russia (under the aegis of General A.I. Denikin, especially the Armed Forces of South Russia) and Siberia (under the aegis of Admiral A.V. Kolchak, especially the Russian Army), but dwelling also upon White operations (and Red Army counter-attacks) in North Russia and North-West Russia. Regarding the latter, the debilitating impact upon anti-Bolshevik efforts in the Baltic region of the conflict between pro-German and Latvian and Estonian forces during 1919 (the Landeswehr War) is highlighted, as is the hugely positive influence upon Red efforts of the Soviet Commissar for Military Affairs, L.D. Trotsky.Less
This chapter examines the course and failure of the major attacks on the Soviet state that were launched by the White Armies during 1919–20, paying particular attention to those emanating from South Russia (under the aegis of General A.I. Denikin, especially the Armed Forces of South Russia) and Siberia (under the aegis of Admiral A.V. Kolchak, especially the Russian Army), but dwelling also upon White operations (and Red Army counter-attacks) in North Russia and North-West Russia. Regarding the latter, the debilitating impact upon anti-Bolshevik efforts in the Baltic region of the conflict between pro-German and Latvian and Estonian forces during 1919 (the Landeswehr War) is highlighted, as is the hugely positive influence upon Red efforts of the Soviet Commissar for Military Affairs, L.D. Trotsky.
