Peter Hinchliff
- Published in print:
- 1998
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198263869
- eISBN:
- 9780191682667
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198263869.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Church History
This book is a biography of Frederick Temple, who was an eminent, 19th-century figure and father of William Temple who was Archbishop of Canterbury during the Second ...
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This book is a biography of Frederick Temple, who was an eminent, 19th-century figure and father of William Temple who was Archbishop of Canterbury during the Second World War. Born on a Greek island, of middle-class but impoverished parents, he was educated at Balliol College on a scholarship, became principal of a college which trained teachers for pauper children, and then headmaster of Rugby. He was Bishop successively of Exeter and London before finally becoming Archbishop of Canterbury at the age of 76 in 1897. In the realm of education he could be considered the real designer of the Oxford and Cambridge Examination Board in the 1850s. He was a contributor to the first of the ‘scandalous’ volumes of liberal theology, Essays and Reviews in 1860. He was Secretary of the Taunton Commission on grammar school education in 1868 and gave the Bampton lectures of 1884 on science and religion which made the theory of evolution respectable. As Bishop of London he attempted to mediate in the London dock strike of 1889. He was responsible for the final form of the Archbishops’ reply to the Pope’s encyclical on Anglican orders. He presided over the ‘Archbishops’ Headings’ on certain ritual practices in the ‘Church Crisis’ at the end of the century. He was much involved in Queen Victoria’s Diamond Jubilee celebrations and crowned Edward VII. He collapsed in the House of Lords after speaking in the debate on the education bill of 1902 and died soon afterwards.Less
This book is a biography of Frederick Temple, who was an eminent, 19th-century figure and father of William Temple who was Archbishop of Canterbury during the Second World War. Born on a Greek island, of middle-class but impoverished parents, he was educated at Balliol College on a scholarship, became principal of a college which trained teachers for pauper children, and then headmaster of Rugby. He was Bishop successively of Exeter and London before finally becoming Archbishop of Canterbury at the age of 76 in 1897. In the realm of education he could be considered the real designer of the Oxford and Cambridge Examination Board in the 1850s. He was a contributor to the first of the ‘scandalous’ volumes of liberal theology, Essays and Reviews in 1860. He was Secretary of the Taunton Commission on grammar school education in 1868 and gave the Bampton lectures of 1884 on science and religion which made the theory of evolution respectable. As Bishop of London he attempted to mediate in the London dock strike of 1889. He was responsible for the final form of the Archbishops’ reply to the Pope’s encyclical on Anglican orders. He presided over the ‘Archbishops’ Headings’ on certain ritual practices in the ‘Church Crisis’ at the end of the century. He was much involved in Queen Victoria’s Diamond Jubilee celebrations and crowned Edward VII. He collapsed in the House of Lords after speaking in the debate on the education bill of 1902 and died soon afterwards.
Geoffrey Cantor
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- May 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199596676
- eISBN:
- 9780191725685
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199596676.003.0003
- Subject:
- Religion, Church History, Religion and Society
This chapter examines how religious issues permeated preparations for the Exhibition. Most importantly, at the Mansion House banquet on 21 March 1850 Prince Albert unambiguously portrayed the ...
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This chapter examines how religious issues permeated preparations for the Exhibition. Most importantly, at the Mansion House banquet on 21 March 1850 Prince Albert unambiguously portrayed the Exhibition as an event to celebrate God's providence. The religious ethos of the Exhibition was further stressed at the opening ceremony on 1 May 1851 both by Albert and in the Archbishop of Canterbury's benediction. Although some High Churchmen and Catholics strongly objected to the Archbishop blessing a manifestly secular event, these interventions were widely seen as providing a religious sanction for the Exhibition. This chapter also draws attention to such publications as James Emerton's Moral and Religious Guide to the Great Exhibition and the competition with a £100 prize for an essay that supported the Exhibition from a religious perspective.Less
This chapter examines how religious issues permeated preparations for the Exhibition. Most importantly, at the Mansion House banquet on 21 March 1850 Prince Albert unambiguously portrayed the Exhibition as an event to celebrate God's providence. The religious ethos of the Exhibition was further stressed at the opening ceremony on 1 May 1851 both by Albert and in the Archbishop of Canterbury's benediction. Although some High Churchmen and Catholics strongly objected to the Archbishop blessing a manifestly secular event, these interventions were widely seen as providing a religious sanction for the Exhibition. This chapter also draws attention to such publications as James Emerton's Moral and Religious Guide to the Great Exhibition and the competition with a £100 prize for an essay that supported the Exhibition from a religious perspective.
STEPHEN CRETNEY
- Published in print:
- 1998
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780198268710
- eISBN:
- 9780191683565
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198268710.003.0002
- Subject:
- Law, Family Law
In 1963, the law still denied divorce except to those who could provide evidence sufficient to convince a court of a partner's adultery or other matrimonial offence. In that year, a determined ...
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In 1963, the law still denied divorce except to those who could provide evidence sufficient to convince a court of a partner's adultery or other matrimonial offence. In that year, a determined attempt was made to change the law to allow divorce where a couple had lived apart for at least seven years. The attempt failed. But less than a decade later the Divorce Reform Act 1969 allowed divorce if the parties had lived apart for two years (and both consented) or five years (if one did not consent). How did such a dramatic change come about in what, in this context, seems a remarkably short time? This chapter examines how the report of a committee set up by the Archbishop of Canterbury was used to influence opinion and provide a justification for the reform of the law in 1969. It focuses on the opinion of the Catholic Church in the United Kingdom regarding marriage and divorce.Less
In 1963, the law still denied divorce except to those who could provide evidence sufficient to convince a court of a partner's adultery or other matrimonial offence. In that year, a determined attempt was made to change the law to allow divorce where a couple had lived apart for at least seven years. The attempt failed. But less than a decade later the Divorce Reform Act 1969 allowed divorce if the parties had lived apart for two years (and both consented) or five years (if one did not consent). How did such a dramatic change come about in what, in this context, seems a remarkably short time? This chapter examines how the report of a committee set up by the Archbishop of Canterbury was used to influence opinion and provide a justification for the reform of the law in 1969. It focuses on the opinion of the Catholic Church in the United Kingdom regarding marriage and divorce.
Owen Chadwick
- Published in print:
- 1983
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198264453
- eISBN:
- 9780191682711
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198264453.003.0006
- Subject:
- Religion, Church History
This chapter examines the career of Hensley Henson as Bishop of Hereford. Prime Minister David Lloyd George nominated Henson despite the objection of the Archbishop of Canterbury. This chapter ...
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This chapter examines the career of Hensley Henson as Bishop of Hereford. Prime Minister David Lloyd George nominated Henson despite the objection of the Archbishop of Canterbury. This chapter explains that Henson's reasons for becoming a bishop were more national then diocesan. He saw the Church of England going down the Gadarene slope and he wanted to hamper the movement towards synods, church assemblies, and autonomy from Parliament. He served at Hereford from 1917 to 1920 before becoming Bishop of Durham.Less
This chapter examines the career of Hensley Henson as Bishop of Hereford. Prime Minister David Lloyd George nominated Henson despite the objection of the Archbishop of Canterbury. This chapter explains that Henson's reasons for becoming a bishop were more national then diocesan. He saw the Church of England going down the Gadarene slope and he wanted to hamper the movement towards synods, church assemblies, and autonomy from Parliament. He served at Hereford from 1917 to 1920 before becoming Bishop of Durham.
Sandra Visser and Thomas Williams
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195309386
- eISBN:
- 9780199852123
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195309386.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Philosophy of Religion
This book offers a brief introduction to the life and thought of Saint Anselm (c. 1033–1109). Anselm, Archbishop of Canterbury for the last sixteen years of his life, is one of the foremost ...
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This book offers a brief introduction to the life and thought of Saint Anselm (c. 1033–1109). Anselm, Archbishop of Canterbury for the last sixteen years of his life, is one of the foremost philosopher-theologians of the Middle Ages. His keen and rigorous thinking earned him the title “The Father of Scholasticism”, and his influence is discernible in figures as various as Thomas Aquinas, John Duns Scotus, the voluntarists of the late-13th and 14th centuries, and the Protestant reformers. Part I of this book lays out the framework of Anselm's thought: his approach to what he calls “the reason of faith”, his account of thought and language, and his theory of truth. Part II focuses on Anselm's account of God and the divine attributes, and it shows how Anselm applies his theory of language and thought to develop a theological semantics that at once respects divine transcendence and allows for the possibility of divine rational knowledge. In Part III, the book turns from the heavenly to the animal. It elucidates Anselm's theory of modality and his understanding of free choice, an idea that was, for Anselm, embedded in his conception of justice. The book concludes with a discussion of Incarnation, Atonement, and original sin, as the chapters examine Anselm's argument that the death of a God-man is the only possible remedy for human injustice.Less
This book offers a brief introduction to the life and thought of Saint Anselm (c. 1033–1109). Anselm, Archbishop of Canterbury for the last sixteen years of his life, is one of the foremost philosopher-theologians of the Middle Ages. His keen and rigorous thinking earned him the title “The Father of Scholasticism”, and his influence is discernible in figures as various as Thomas Aquinas, John Duns Scotus, the voluntarists of the late-13th and 14th centuries, and the Protestant reformers. Part I of this book lays out the framework of Anselm's thought: his approach to what he calls “the reason of faith”, his account of thought and language, and his theory of truth. Part II focuses on Anselm's account of God and the divine attributes, and it shows how Anselm applies his theory of language and thought to develop a theological semantics that at once respects divine transcendence and allows for the possibility of divine rational knowledge. In Part III, the book turns from the heavenly to the animal. It elucidates Anselm's theory of modality and his understanding of free choice, an idea that was, for Anselm, embedded in his conception of justice. The book concludes with a discussion of Incarnation, Atonement, and original sin, as the chapters examine Anselm's argument that the death of a God-man is the only possible remedy for human injustice.
Julian Davies
- Published in print:
- 1992
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198203117
- eISBN:
- 9780191675720
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198203117.003.0003
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History, History of Religion
This chapter explores how the Archbishop of Canterbury – William Laud – influenced Charles I and how he became the scapegoat for the problems of the Personal Rule. It also describes the dispute ...
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This chapter explores how the Archbishop of Canterbury – William Laud – influenced Charles I and how he became the scapegoat for the problems of the Personal Rule. It also describes the dispute between Laud and Prynne, and notes that during Laud's trial, Prynne's account was influential not just because of Laud's unpopularity but because of certain historiographical accidents. The chapter explains that past historical works lack any recognition of the role played by doctrinal issues in the formulation of ecclesiastical policy during the reign of Charles I. It argues that the Laudian emphasis on the sacraments and the institutional Church stemmed not from the rise of Arminianism but from the patristic reorientation and historical investment of Anglicanism. The chapter explains that Laud's attempt to resolve the economic problems of the Church and to restrict prohibitions brought him into head-on collision with the apparatus and principles of common law.Less
This chapter explores how the Archbishop of Canterbury – William Laud – influenced Charles I and how he became the scapegoat for the problems of the Personal Rule. It also describes the dispute between Laud and Prynne, and notes that during Laud's trial, Prynne's account was influential not just because of Laud's unpopularity but because of certain historiographical accidents. The chapter explains that past historical works lack any recognition of the role played by doctrinal issues in the formulation of ecclesiastical policy during the reign of Charles I. It argues that the Laudian emphasis on the sacraments and the institutional Church stemmed not from the rise of Arminianism but from the patristic reorientation and historical investment of Anglicanism. The chapter explains that Laud's attempt to resolve the economic problems of the Church and to restrict prohibitions brought him into head-on collision with the apparatus and principles of common law.
Harry Berger
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- January 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780823256624
- eISBN:
- 9780823261376
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823256624.003.0013
- Subject:
- Literature, Shakespeare Studies
This chapter considers the question posed by Harry to the Archbishop of Canterbury in the second scene of King Henry V after the Archbishop explained the legal basis of the king's claim to the French ...
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This chapter considers the question posed by Harry to the Archbishop of Canterbury in the second scene of King Henry V after the Archbishop explained the legal basis of the king's claim to the French throne: “May I with right and conscience make this claim?” The first two scenes of the play connect the justice of his “cause” to the legality or validity of “this claim” to the French throne. In these scenes whatever psychological effects we attribute to previous events in the tetralogy are glimpsed only in the process of being transformed into Harry's decision to stake his claim to the throne. That transformation is obscured by the tendency to identify Harry's cause—what he is fighting for—with his claim. The chapter argues that the language of the scenes does not support the identification and attempts to show why this is so.Less
This chapter considers the question posed by Harry to the Archbishop of Canterbury in the second scene of King Henry V after the Archbishop explained the legal basis of the king's claim to the French throne: “May I with right and conscience make this claim?” The first two scenes of the play connect the justice of his “cause” to the legality or validity of “this claim” to the French throne. In these scenes whatever psychological effects we attribute to previous events in the tetralogy are glimpsed only in the process of being transformed into Harry's decision to stake his claim to the throne. That transformation is obscured by the tendency to identify Harry's cause—what he is fighting for—with his claim. The chapter argues that the language of the scenes does not support the identification and attempts to show why this is so.
Mark Hill QC
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- April 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780198807568
- eISBN:
- 9780191845475
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198807568.003.0011
- Subject:
- Law, Legal Profession and Ethics
This section presents three rules regulating the faculty jurisdiction and clergy discipline of the Church of England: the Clergy Discipline Rules 2005, the Clergy Discipline (Appeal) Rules 2005, and ...
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This section presents three rules regulating the faculty jurisdiction and clergy discipline of the Church of England: the Clergy Discipline Rules 2005, the Clergy Discipline (Appeal) Rules 2005, and the Faculty Jurisdiction Rules 2015. It begins with a discussion of the Clergy Discipline Rules 2005, focusing on the overriding objective of the rules and their application as well as the institution of proceedings against priests or deacons, preliminary scrutiny of the complaint, referring the complaints to the disciplinary tribunals, evidence that can be used at hearings, the list that shall be in the custody of the Archbishop of Canterbury, application of rules to special cases, and removal of prohibition for life and deposition relating to priests and deacons. Also discussed are the relevant provisions of the Clergy Discipline (Appeal) Rules 2005 and the Faculty Jurisdiction Rules 2015.Less
This section presents three rules regulating the faculty jurisdiction and clergy discipline of the Church of England: the Clergy Discipline Rules 2005, the Clergy Discipline (Appeal) Rules 2005, and the Faculty Jurisdiction Rules 2015. It begins with a discussion of the Clergy Discipline Rules 2005, focusing on the overriding objective of the rules and their application as well as the institution of proceedings against priests or deacons, preliminary scrutiny of the complaint, referring the complaints to the disciplinary tribunals, evidence that can be used at hearings, the list that shall be in the custody of the Archbishop of Canterbury, application of rules to special cases, and removal of prohibition for life and deposition relating to priests and deacons. Also discussed are the relevant provisions of the Clergy Discipline (Appeal) Rules 2005 and the Faculty Jurisdiction Rules 2015.
Peter Hinchliff
- Published in print:
- 1992
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198263333
- eISBN:
- 9780191682483
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198263333.003.0005
- Subject:
- Religion, Theology, History of Christianity
Most accounts of 19th-century critical scholarship in Britain give the ‘Cambridge Triumvirate’ (Lightfoot, Westcott, and Hort) pride of place in this respect. It was always stressed that they ...
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Most accounts of 19th-century critical scholarship in Britain give the ‘Cambridge Triumvirate’ (Lightfoot, Westcott, and Hort) pride of place in this respect. It was always stressed that they possessed precisely the kind of good, sensible, faithful learning which took what was best from the critical approach but avoided the exaggerations of the more radical. However, Lightfoot and Westcott were also involved in the life of the Church in a way that Hort never was. This chapter argues that, instead of Hort, the more natural ‘third’ to associate with them is Edward White Benson, Archbishop of Canterbury from 1883 to 1896. It shows that the new kind of orthodox High Churchmen —such as Benson, Lightfoot, and Westcott —were reviving an older form of the appeal to the past history of the Church to determine truth. It was a much more sophisticated, critical, scientific, and scholarly approach to the study of history itself than the older version.Less
Most accounts of 19th-century critical scholarship in Britain give the ‘Cambridge Triumvirate’ (Lightfoot, Westcott, and Hort) pride of place in this respect. It was always stressed that they possessed precisely the kind of good, sensible, faithful learning which took what was best from the critical approach but avoided the exaggerations of the more radical. However, Lightfoot and Westcott were also involved in the life of the Church in a way that Hort never was. This chapter argues that, instead of Hort, the more natural ‘third’ to associate with them is Edward White Benson, Archbishop of Canterbury from 1883 to 1896. It shows that the new kind of orthodox High Churchmen —such as Benson, Lightfoot, and Westcott —were reviving an older form of the appeal to the past history of the Church to determine truth. It was a much more sophisticated, critical, scientific, and scholarly approach to the study of history itself than the older version.
Mark Hill QC
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- April 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780198807568
- eISBN:
- 9780191845475
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198807568.003.0002
- Subject:
- Law, Legal Profession and Ethics
This chapter examines the constitution of the Church of England, beginning with a discussion of the Anglican Communion of which the Church of England is a component Church. The Anglican Communion is ...
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This chapter examines the constitution of the Church of England, beginning with a discussion of the Anglican Communion of which the Church of England is a component Church. The Anglican Communion is a worldwide network of thirty-nine autonomous national and regional churches, each belonging to the Communion by virtue of a common tradition, ecclesiology and doctrine. The Archbishop of Canterbury is a focus of unity for the Communion, as are the three so-called instruments of unity, the Lambeth Conference, the Anglican Consultative Council and Primates Meeting. The chapter also considers the synodical government of the Church of England and provides an overview of the composition, purpose and function of the Archbishops' Council, General Synod, diocesan synods, and deanery synods. Finally, it describes the Church Commissioners, courts and tribunals, and the Court of Faculties.Less
This chapter examines the constitution of the Church of England, beginning with a discussion of the Anglican Communion of which the Church of England is a component Church. The Anglican Communion is a worldwide network of thirty-nine autonomous national and regional churches, each belonging to the Communion by virtue of a common tradition, ecclesiology and doctrine. The Archbishop of Canterbury is a focus of unity for the Communion, as are the three so-called instruments of unity, the Lambeth Conference, the Anglican Consultative Council and Primates Meeting. The chapter also considers the synodical government of the Church of England and provides an overview of the composition, purpose and function of the Archbishops' Council, General Synod, diocesan synods, and deanery synods. Finally, it describes the Church Commissioners, courts and tribunals, and the Court of Faculties.
Mushirul Hasan
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- October 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780198063117
- eISBN:
- 9780199080199
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198063117.003.0033
- Subject:
- History, Indian History
The author analyses the government of Britain, focusing on the authority of the Sovereign and narrating his Majesty's condescending and liberal conduct towards him. He describes the Queen's ...
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The author analyses the government of Britain, focusing on the authority of the Sovereign and narrating his Majesty's condescending and liberal conduct towards him. He describes the Queen's drawing-room, the political situation of the heir apparent, the character of the Prince, and Carleton House. He also comments on the duties of the Ministers of State, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, the Secretary for the Foreign Department, the Secretaries for the Home and War Departments, the First Lord of the Admiralty, the Master General of the Ordnance, the president of the Board of Control, and the Lord Chancellor of the Archbishop of Canterbury. The author is introduced to Lord Spencer.Less
The author analyses the government of Britain, focusing on the authority of the Sovereign and narrating his Majesty's condescending and liberal conduct towards him. He describes the Queen's drawing-room, the political situation of the heir apparent, the character of the Prince, and Carleton House. He also comments on the duties of the Ministers of State, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, the Secretary for the Foreign Department, the Secretaries for the Home and War Departments, the First Lord of the Admiralty, the Master General of the Ordnance, the president of the Board of Control, and the Lord Chancellor of the Archbishop of Canterbury. The author is introduced to Lord Spencer.
David Marshall
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780823243198
- eISBN:
- 9780823243235
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823243198.003.0029
- Subject:
- Religion, Islam
Marshall, a priest of the Church of England, began his encounter with Islamic studies at Oxford, before moving to Selly Oak and a doctorate on Qur’anic themes. Inspired by his English mentor, Kenneth ...
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Marshall, a priest of the Church of England, began his encounter with Islamic studies at Oxford, before moving to Selly Oak and a doctorate on Qur’anic themes. Inspired by his English mentor, Kenneth Cragg, amongst others, a pressing need to explore more deeply central Christian doctrines in the light of Islam is outlined, which resulted eventually in training other Christian ministers to respond to Islam with confidence, humility and academic rigour. A textually-orientated theologian, the author worked on the writings on Christianity of Isma’il al-Faruqi. An appointment to the Archbishop of Canterbury’s staff led to a leading role as academic director of the Building Bridges seminar, many opportunities to teach in Christian seminaries, and to guide the development of the National Christian-Muslim Forum to work at grass-roots level.Less
Marshall, a priest of the Church of England, began his encounter with Islamic studies at Oxford, before moving to Selly Oak and a doctorate on Qur’anic themes. Inspired by his English mentor, Kenneth Cragg, amongst others, a pressing need to explore more deeply central Christian doctrines in the light of Islam is outlined, which resulted eventually in training other Christian ministers to respond to Islam with confidence, humility and academic rigour. A textually-orientated theologian, the author worked on the writings on Christianity of Isma’il al-Faruqi. An appointment to the Archbishop of Canterbury’s staff led to a leading role as academic director of the Building Bridges seminar, many opportunities to teach in Christian seminaries, and to guide the development of the National Christian-Muslim Forum to work at grass-roots level.
Gary Wilton
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- April 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780199684229
- eISBN:
- 9780191765858
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199684229.003.0013
- Subject:
- Law, Public International Law, Human Rights and Immigration
The chapter explores the emerging religious freedom priorities through multiple focal points—the representation of churches before international institutions; raising the issues of religion and ...
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The chapter explores the emerging religious freedom priorities through multiple focal points—the representation of churches before international institutions; raising the issues of religion and religious freedom in terms of foreign policy commitments in the US, Canada, and Europe; and the way this changes the religious and political landscape. The chapter explores how these trends emerge in the context of the UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office and its executive centre Wilton Park and considers what lessons international lawyers and policy-makers could learn from such developments. The chapter proposes a restraint on the creation of yet more laws to deal with freedom of religion or belief and argues that the priority must be to encourage more active implementation of the laws and resolutions we already have.Less
The chapter explores the emerging religious freedom priorities through multiple focal points—the representation of churches before international institutions; raising the issues of religion and religious freedom in terms of foreign policy commitments in the US, Canada, and Europe; and the way this changes the religious and political landscape. The chapter explores how these trends emerge in the context of the UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office and its executive centre Wilton Park and considers what lessons international lawyers and policy-makers could learn from such developments. The chapter proposes a restraint on the creation of yet more laws to deal with freedom of religion or belief and argues that the priority must be to encourage more active implementation of the laws and resolutions we already have.
