Donna Yarri
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- July 2005
- ISBN:
- 9780195181791
- eISBN:
- 9780199835744
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195181794.003.0008
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
The ultimate goal in animal experimentation is not necessarily to eliminate all experiments, but rather to establish a benign ethic for its practice. An interim ethic is described, which includes ...
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The ultimate goal in animal experimentation is not necessarily to eliminate all experiments, but rather to establish a benign ethic for its practice. An interim ethic is described, which includes changes in current animal legislation, specifically with regard to the Animal Welfare Act. Paying attention to animal husbandry conditions and utilizing preference tests can go a long way in establishing a more humane practice of animal experimentation. Finally, the idea of pet keeping is offered as a model for treating experimental animals much as we would pets. The result would be a movement away from simply an instrumental and often harmful use of animals, to one which is based on the intrinsic value of animals.Less
The ultimate goal in animal experimentation is not necessarily to eliminate all experiments, but rather to establish a benign ethic for its practice. An interim ethic is described, which includes changes in current animal legislation, specifically with regard to the Animal Welfare Act. Paying attention to animal husbandry conditions and utilizing preference tests can go a long way in establishing a more humane practice of animal experimentation. Finally, the idea of pet keeping is offered as a model for treating experimental animals much as we would pets. The result would be a movement away from simply an instrumental and often harmful use of animals, to one which is based on the intrinsic value of animals.
Jacob Shell
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- January 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780262029339
- eISBN:
- 9780262330404
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262029339.001.0001
- Subject:
- Earth Sciences and Geography, Cultural and Historical Geography
What sorts of transportation technologies and methods of conveyance have political regimes associated with the movement of weapons, papers, or people for political subversion and revolt? In an era ...
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What sorts of transportation technologies and methods of conveyance have political regimes associated with the movement of weapons, papers, or people for political subversion and revolt? In an era when much transfer of information moves across a wire-tappable medium, and much transport of goods and people occurs across a mapped network of tracks and checkpoints, what social history of the specter of subversive trafficking—and of the associated political fears this specter has been able to elicit—might help us better understand the retrenchment of an older range of possibilities for human mobility? This book pursues these lines of inquiry, focusing on several modes of transportation which have been perceived, in different times and places, as especially useful for clandestine, subversive logistics, and which have also become relatively marginalized and divested from over the past century and a half. The examples treated in the book are mostly animal-based forms of transportation (carrier pigeons, mules, elephants, camels, and sled-dogs) or water-based forms of transportation (especially canal and harbor boats). The book’s overall historical-geographic discussion is mainly concerned with the period from 1850 to 1950, though some examples are from well before or well after this period. The discussion extends to many parts of the world, most of them (with exceptions) places which were at some point in their history within the confines of the British Empire.Less
What sorts of transportation technologies and methods of conveyance have political regimes associated with the movement of weapons, papers, or people for political subversion and revolt? In an era when much transfer of information moves across a wire-tappable medium, and much transport of goods and people occurs across a mapped network of tracks and checkpoints, what social history of the specter of subversive trafficking—and of the associated political fears this specter has been able to elicit—might help us better understand the retrenchment of an older range of possibilities for human mobility? This book pursues these lines of inquiry, focusing on several modes of transportation which have been perceived, in different times and places, as especially useful for clandestine, subversive logistics, and which have also become relatively marginalized and divested from over the past century and a half. The examples treated in the book are mostly animal-based forms of transportation (carrier pigeons, mules, elephants, camels, and sled-dogs) or water-based forms of transportation (especially canal and harbor boats). The book’s overall historical-geographic discussion is mainly concerned with the period from 1850 to 1950, though some examples are from well before or well after this period. The discussion extends to many parts of the world, most of them (with exceptions) places which were at some point in their history within the confines of the British Empire.
James Rachels
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195305104
- eISBN:
- 9780199850556
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195305104.003.0008
- Subject:
- Political Science, Environmental Politics
This chapter addresses the question of what lines should be drawn in the discussion of animal rights. It evaluates the most popular theories of moral standing, and suggests that the whole business of ...
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This chapter addresses the question of what lines should be drawn in the discussion of animal rights. It evaluates the most popular theories of moral standing, and suggests that the whole business of line drawing is misguided and that the distinctions between species made in the U.S. Animal Welfare Act are unjustifiable. The chapter argues that the appropriate protection of animals should depend in large part on what their capacities are.Less
This chapter addresses the question of what lines should be drawn in the discussion of animal rights. It evaluates the most popular theories of moral standing, and suggests that the whole business of line drawing is misguided and that the distinctions between species made in the U.S. Animal Welfare Act are unjustifiable. The chapter argues that the appropriate protection of animals should depend in large part on what their capacities are.
Larry Carbone
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195161960
- eISBN:
- 9780199790067
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195161960.003.0010
- Subject:
- Biology, Animal Biology
Claiming a billion-dollar price tag for compliance, the biomedical research community reacted forcefully to two new provisions of the 1985 Animal Welfare Act amendment calling for exercise programs ...
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Claiming a billion-dollar price tag for compliance, the biomedical research community reacted forcefully to two new provisions of the 1985 Animal Welfare Act amendment calling for exercise programs for dogs and for maintenance of the psychological well-being of primates. This chapter reviews this history, including a look at the scientific studies of dog exercise that were deployed to allay expensive exercise regulations, as veterinarian-scientists fought an uphill battle in convincing the USDA that despite what “everyone knows” about dogs, they neither need nor choose more exercise than what they can get living alone in a small cage.Less
Claiming a billion-dollar price tag for compliance, the biomedical research community reacted forcefully to two new provisions of the 1985 Animal Welfare Act amendment calling for exercise programs for dogs and for maintenance of the psychological well-being of primates. This chapter reviews this history, including a look at the scientific studies of dog exercise that were deployed to allay expensive exercise regulations, as veterinarian-scientists fought an uphill battle in convincing the USDA that despite what “everyone knows” about dogs, they neither need nor choose more exercise than what they can get living alone in a small cage.
Danielle Sands
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781474439039
- eISBN:
- 9781474476881
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781474439039.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, General
Reading contemporary fiction and philosophy alongside each other, Animal Writingproposes a thinking of and with animals which brings together critical and affective approaches. Aspiring to a critical ...
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Reading contemporary fiction and philosophy alongside each other, Animal Writingproposes a thinking of and with animals which brings together critical and affective approaches. Aspiring to a critical distancing from the sometimes claustrophobic proximity of empathy – currently the prevailing mode in Animal Studies – this book interrogates the claims made of empathy without exchanging it for the kind of abstract, disembodied reason which has long disavowed the ethical status of nonhuman life. This book is particularly interested in the stories that we tell, and are told, by beings at the edges of animal life, insects, and the possibility that the indifference, even disgust, that these creatures evoke might form the basis for an ethics which is not bounded by empathy. Across five interdisciplinary chapters, it asks: is it possible to read, write and think non-anthropocentrically? How might we develop approaches to nonhuman life which are affectively and critically informed? It contends that reframing the human in relation to the elements of itself which it denounces as inhuman can inform a renewed attentiveness to nonhuman life.Less
Reading contemporary fiction and philosophy alongside each other, Animal Writingproposes a thinking of and with animals which brings together critical and affective approaches. Aspiring to a critical distancing from the sometimes claustrophobic proximity of empathy – currently the prevailing mode in Animal Studies – this book interrogates the claims made of empathy without exchanging it for the kind of abstract, disembodied reason which has long disavowed the ethical status of nonhuman life. This book is particularly interested in the stories that we tell, and are told, by beings at the edges of animal life, insects, and the possibility that the indifference, even disgust, that these creatures evoke might form the basis for an ethics which is not bounded by empathy. Across five interdisciplinary chapters, it asks: is it possible to read, write and think non-anthropocentrically? How might we develop approaches to nonhuman life which are affectively and critically informed? It contends that reframing the human in relation to the elements of itself which it denounces as inhuman can inform a renewed attentiveness to nonhuman life.
Tok Thompson
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781496825087
- eISBN:
- 9781496825131
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781496825087.001.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Culture
Posthuman Folklore explores how our human condition is increasingly thought of, and performed, in posthuman terms. Insights from animal studies have triggered the “animal turn” in scholarship, while ...
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Posthuman Folklore explores how our human condition is increasingly thought of, and performed, in posthuman terms. Insights from animal studies have triggered the “animal turn” in scholarship, while the increasing digitization of human culture and the newly emerging roles of androids and artificial intelligences provide yet another crux for reconsidering what it means to be a person. Taken together, such outlooks cast in doubt the previous assurances of human ontology which were lodged in Western discourse. This book explores not only the scholarship behind such moves, but also, and perhaps more importantly, the ways in which everyday people are increasingly enacting posthumanism in their everyday lives. The book follows a narrative thread of various case studies ranging from the pre-hominid to the cyborg, and ends with a futurist appraisal of current trajectories.Less
Posthuman Folklore explores how our human condition is increasingly thought of, and performed, in posthuman terms. Insights from animal studies have triggered the “animal turn” in scholarship, while the increasing digitization of human culture and the newly emerging roles of androids and artificial intelligences provide yet another crux for reconsidering what it means to be a person. Taken together, such outlooks cast in doubt the previous assurances of human ontology which were lodged in Western discourse. This book explores not only the scholarship behind such moves, but also, and perhaps more importantly, the ways in which everyday people are increasingly enacting posthumanism in their everyday lives. The book follows a narrative thread of various case studies ranging from the pre-hominid to the cyborg, and ends with a futurist appraisal of current trajectories.
Donna Yarri
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- July 2005
- ISBN:
- 9780195181791
- eISBN:
- 9780199835744
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195181794.003.0002
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
This chapter examines the factual situation with regard to animal experimentation. It includes information on the important definitions, as well as the prevalence of the practice, the type and number ...
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This chapter examines the factual situation with regard to animal experimentation. It includes information on the important definitions, as well as the prevalence of the practice, the type and number of animals used, the different types of research typically performed on animals, and animal legislation in place to protect them. The Animal Welfare Act is presented, along with its various amendments throughout the years.Less
This chapter examines the factual situation with regard to animal experimentation. It includes information on the important definitions, as well as the prevalence of the practice, the type and number of animals used, the different types of research typically performed on animals, and animal legislation in place to protect them. The Animal Welfare Act is presented, along with its various amendments throughout the years.
Salima Ikram
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- September 2014
- ISBN:
- 9789774166181
- eISBN:
- 9781617975448
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- American University in Cairo Press
- DOI:
- 10.5743/cairo/9789774166181.003.0015
- Subject:
- Archaeology, Historical Archaeology
This chapter looks at the very rich faunal remains found by the South Asasif Project. It considers the nature and type of different deposits in three areas: the tombs of Karakhmun, Karabasken, and ...
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This chapter looks at the very rich faunal remains found by the South Asasif Project. It considers the nature and type of different deposits in three areas: the tombs of Karakhmun, Karabasken, and Irtieru. The findings suggest very heavy reuse of these tombs, resulting in a thick deposit of animal bones, primarily of cattle.Less
This chapter looks at the very rich faunal remains found by the South Asasif Project. It considers the nature and type of different deposits in three areas: the tombs of Karakhmun, Karabasken, and Irtieru. The findings suggest very heavy reuse of these tombs, resulting in a thick deposit of animal bones, primarily of cattle.
Matthew Thiessen
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199793563
- eISBN:
- 9780199914456
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199793563.003.0004
- Subject:
- Religion, Judaism
This chapter argues that while there is little explicit evidence that some Jews in the late Second Temple period continued to define Jewishness in genealogical terms, the early Jewish reception of ...
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This chapter argues that while there is little explicit evidence that some Jews in the late Second Temple period continued to define Jewishness in genealogical terms, the early Jewish reception of Idumeans who underwent conversion to Judaism demonstrates that a genealogical definition of Jewishness persisted into the first century c.e. The Animal Apocalypse and 1 Esdras clearly portray the Idumeans as genealogically distinct from Jews and therefore unable to bridge the gap via circumcision. Psalm of Solomon 17 and Josephus demonstrate that some Jews rejected the Herodians, ethnic Idumeans who converted to Judaism, on the basis of the fact that they were not Jews, despite their circumcision.Less
This chapter argues that while there is little explicit evidence that some Jews in the late Second Temple period continued to define Jewishness in genealogical terms, the early Jewish reception of Idumeans who underwent conversion to Judaism demonstrates that a genealogical definition of Jewishness persisted into the first century c.e. The Animal Apocalypse and 1 Esdras clearly portray the Idumeans as genealogically distinct from Jews and therefore unable to bridge the gap via circumcision. Psalm of Solomon 17 and Josephus demonstrate that some Jews rejected the Herodians, ethnic Idumeans who converted to Judaism, on the basis of the fact that they were not Jews, despite their circumcision.
Eric Daryl Meyer
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780823280148
- eISBN:
- 9780823281619
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823280148.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Philosophy of Religion
Inner Animalities analyses the human-animal distinction as a discursive theme running ubiquitously through Christian theological anthropology. Arguing that historically pervasive disavowals of human ...
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Inner Animalities analyses the human-animal distinction as a discursive theme running ubiquitously through Christian theological anthropology. Arguing that historically pervasive disavowals of human animality create ineradicable contradictions within accounts of human life and also install an anti-ecological impulse at the heart of Christian theology, this project constructively imagines a theological anthropology centered upon human commonality with fellow creatures. This constructive work perceives divine grace at work in human instincts, desires, and enmeshment in quotidian relations (rather than in rationality, language, and transcendence). The broadest arc of the book’s argument is that only a thickly articulated self-understanding rooted in creaturely commonality can provide an adequate basis for responding to ongoing ecological degradation. The conjunction of Critical Animal Studies with constructive theology in this study, then, aims to generate a new approach to ecological theology. The book’s analysis places ancient Christians such as Gregory of Nyssa and Gregory of Nazianzus along with contemporary theologians such as Karl Rahner and Wolfhart Pannenberg in critical conversation with theorists of human-animal relations from Jacques Derrida and Kelly Oliver to Valerie Plumwood and Giorgio Agamben.Less
Inner Animalities analyses the human-animal distinction as a discursive theme running ubiquitously through Christian theological anthropology. Arguing that historically pervasive disavowals of human animality create ineradicable contradictions within accounts of human life and also install an anti-ecological impulse at the heart of Christian theology, this project constructively imagines a theological anthropology centered upon human commonality with fellow creatures. This constructive work perceives divine grace at work in human instincts, desires, and enmeshment in quotidian relations (rather than in rationality, language, and transcendence). The broadest arc of the book’s argument is that only a thickly articulated self-understanding rooted in creaturely commonality can provide an adequate basis for responding to ongoing ecological degradation. The conjunction of Critical Animal Studies with constructive theology in this study, then, aims to generate a new approach to ecological theology. The book’s analysis places ancient Christians such as Gregory of Nyssa and Gregory of Nazianzus along with contemporary theologians such as Karl Rahner and Wolfhart Pannenberg in critical conversation with theorists of human-animal relations from Jacques Derrida and Kelly Oliver to Valerie Plumwood and Giorgio Agamben.
Cyriel M. A. Pennartz
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780262029315
- eISBN:
- 9780262330121
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262029315.003.0011
- Subject:
- Neuroscience, Behavioral Neuroscience
Here we review the philosophical implications of the theory presented in previous chapters, and its consequences for future research. This leads us to demarcate the current theory from classical ...
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Here we review the philosophical implications of the theory presented in previous chapters, and its consequences for future research. This leads us to demarcate the current theory from classical positions such as dualism, materialism, and functionalism. We discuss dualist arguments such as the case of philosophical 'zombies'. However, while these seem conceivable, they are argued not to be realizable: the construction of neural machinery appropriate for zombies would inevitably give rise to consciousness. Following a discussion of Jackson’s argument on “Mary the Color Scientist”, the reality of phenomenal experience is acknowledged as much as the reality of neural levels of processing, placing the theory away from eliminative materialism and classic functionalism. This characterizes the theory as a non-reductive, multilevel, neurobiological form of representationalism ('neurorepresentationalism'). Although representationalists have not been typically concerned with the problem of how neural aggregates give rise to consciousness, the “externalist” stream in this school is much more distant from the current view than the “narrow” stream emphasizing that representations are generated in and by the brain. Finally, we discuss consciousness in animals and in human-made inventions such as computers and robots, and on future treatment of disorders of consciousness.Less
Here we review the philosophical implications of the theory presented in previous chapters, and its consequences for future research. This leads us to demarcate the current theory from classical positions such as dualism, materialism, and functionalism. We discuss dualist arguments such as the case of philosophical 'zombies'. However, while these seem conceivable, they are argued not to be realizable: the construction of neural machinery appropriate for zombies would inevitably give rise to consciousness. Following a discussion of Jackson’s argument on “Mary the Color Scientist”, the reality of phenomenal experience is acknowledged as much as the reality of neural levels of processing, placing the theory away from eliminative materialism and classic functionalism. This characterizes the theory as a non-reductive, multilevel, neurobiological form of representationalism ('neurorepresentationalism'). Although representationalists have not been typically concerned with the problem of how neural aggregates give rise to consciousness, the “externalist” stream in this school is much more distant from the current view than the “narrow” stream emphasizing that representations are generated in and by the brain. Finally, we discuss consciousness in animals and in human-made inventions such as computers and robots, and on future treatment of disorders of consciousness.
Sherry F. Colb and Michael C. Dorf
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780231175142
- eISBN:
- 9780231540957
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231175142.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Moral Philosophy
How can someone who condemns hunting, animal farming, and animal experimentation also favor legal abortion, which is the deliberate destruction of a human fetus? The authors of Beating Hearts aim to ...
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How can someone who condemns hunting, animal farming, and animal experimentation also favor legal abortion, which is the deliberate destruction of a human fetus? The authors of Beating Hearts aim to reconcile this apparent conflict and examine the surprisingly similar strategic and tactical questions faced by activists in the pro-life and animal rights movements. Beating Hearts maintains that sentience, or the ability to have subjective experiences, grounds a being’s entitlement to moral concern. The authors argue that nearly all human exploitation of animals is unjustified. Early abortions do not contradict the sentience principle because they precede fetal sentience, and Beating Hearts explains why the mere potential for sentience does not create moral entitlements. Late abortions do raise serious moral questions, but forcing a woman to carry a child to term is problematic as a form of gender-based exploitation. These ethical explorations lead to a wider discussion of the strategies deployed by the pro-life and animal rights movements. Should legal reforms precede or follow attitudinal changes? Do gory images win over or alienate supporters? Is violence ever principled? By probing the connections between debates about abortion and animal rights, Beating Hearts uses each highly contested set of questions to shed light on the other.Less
How can someone who condemns hunting, animal farming, and animal experimentation also favor legal abortion, which is the deliberate destruction of a human fetus? The authors of Beating Hearts aim to reconcile this apparent conflict and examine the surprisingly similar strategic and tactical questions faced by activists in the pro-life and animal rights movements. Beating Hearts maintains that sentience, or the ability to have subjective experiences, grounds a being’s entitlement to moral concern. The authors argue that nearly all human exploitation of animals is unjustified. Early abortions do not contradict the sentience principle because they precede fetal sentience, and Beating Hearts explains why the mere potential for sentience does not create moral entitlements. Late abortions do raise serious moral questions, but forcing a woman to carry a child to term is problematic as a form of gender-based exploitation. These ethical explorations lead to a wider discussion of the strategies deployed by the pro-life and animal rights movements. Should legal reforms precede or follow attitudinal changes? Do gory images win over or alienate supporters? Is violence ever principled? By probing the connections between debates about abortion and animal rights, Beating Hearts uses each highly contested set of questions to shed light on the other.
Egon Wamers
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780197264508
- eISBN:
- 9780191734120
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197264508.003.0008
- Subject:
- History, European Medieval History
This chapter examines art-historical classification and style-dating and evaluates their applications in establishing the connections between Ireland and Anglo-Saxon England during the seventh ...
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This chapter examines art-historical classification and style-dating and evaluates their applications in establishing the connections between Ireland and Anglo-Saxon England during the seventh century. It describes the animals and plants in Christian objects and suggests that they are variants of the Germanic Animal Style II defined by Bernhard Salin. The chapter also argues that these objects reflect the relationships between the Anglo-Saxon and Irish ruling elites.Less
This chapter examines art-historical classification and style-dating and evaluates their applications in establishing the connections between Ireland and Anglo-Saxon England during the seventh century. It describes the animals and plants in Christian objects and suggests that they are variants of the Germanic Animal Style II defined by Bernhard Salin. The chapter also argues that these objects reflect the relationships between the Anglo-Saxon and Irish ruling elites.
Kenneth K. Brandt
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- September 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780746312964
- eISBN:
- 9781789629156
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3828/liverpool/9780746312964.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, 20th-century Literature and Modernism
Recounting his 1897-98 Klondike Gold Rush experience Jack London stated: “It was in the Klondike I found myself. There nobody talks. Everybody thinks. There you get your perspective. I got mine.” ...
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Recounting his 1897-98 Klondike Gold Rush experience Jack London stated: “It was in the Klondike I found myself. There nobody talks. Everybody thinks. There you get your perspective. I got mine.” This study explores how London’s Northland odyssey - along with an insatiable intellectual curiosity, a hardscrabble youth in the San Francisco Bay Area, and an acute craving for social justice - launched the literary career of one of America’s most dynamic 20th-century writers. The major Northland works - including The Call of the Wild, White Fang, and “To Build a Fire”- are considered in connection with the motifs of literary Naturalism, as well as in relation to complicated issues involving imperialism, race, and gender. London’s key subjects—the frontier, the struggle for survival, and economic mobility—are examined in conjunction with how he developed the underlying themes of his work to engage and challenge the social, political, and philosophical revolutions of his era that were initiated by Darwin, Marx, Nietzsche, and others.Less
Recounting his 1897-98 Klondike Gold Rush experience Jack London stated: “It was in the Klondike I found myself. There nobody talks. Everybody thinks. There you get your perspective. I got mine.” This study explores how London’s Northland odyssey - along with an insatiable intellectual curiosity, a hardscrabble youth in the San Francisco Bay Area, and an acute craving for social justice - launched the literary career of one of America’s most dynamic 20th-century writers. The major Northland works - including The Call of the Wild, White Fang, and “To Build a Fire”- are considered in connection with the motifs of literary Naturalism, as well as in relation to complicated issues involving imperialism, race, and gender. London’s key subjects—the frontier, the struggle for survival, and economic mobility—are examined in conjunction with how he developed the underlying themes of his work to engage and challenge the social, political, and philosophical revolutions of his era that were initiated by Darwin, Marx, Nietzsche, and others.
Charis Olszok
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- May 2022
- ISBN:
- 9781474457453
- eISBN:
- 9781474491259
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781474457453.001.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Middle Eastern Studies
This is the first book in English-language scholarship to introduce the development of the Libyan novel through in-depth analyses of its main authors, and broader reference to many others. It is also ...
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This is the first book in English-language scholarship to introduce the development of the Libyan novel through in-depth analyses of its main authors, and broader reference to many others. It is also the first to engage Arabic literature with the ‘animal turn’ in the Humanities and Social Sciences, reading Libyan fiction through the lens of the ‘creaturely’, understood both through Eric Santner’s interpretation of it as an expression of a particularly human experience of subjection to sovereign power (On Creaturely Life, 2008), and Anat Pick’s reading of it as an engagement with the boundary between human and animal, binding environmental and political injustice (Creaturely Poetics, 2011). Through both readings, the monograph brings new comparative perspectives to modern Arabic literature, as well as highlighting central themes and aesthetics of the Libyan novel. While understanding animals as an allegory for human suffering, the monograph explores how they prompt reflection on the universal vulnerability of all creatures, human and nonhuman, within an uncertain world. With their ‘silence’ expressive of the nation’s international marginality and the denial of fundamental freedoms within it, and their imprisonment and mortality a commentary on the loss of traditional nomadism, as Libya transforms into a dictatorial, rentier state, animals represent multi-layered allegories, all underpinned by an expression of shared vulnerability.Less
This is the first book in English-language scholarship to introduce the development of the Libyan novel through in-depth analyses of its main authors, and broader reference to many others. It is also the first to engage Arabic literature with the ‘animal turn’ in the Humanities and Social Sciences, reading Libyan fiction through the lens of the ‘creaturely’, understood both through Eric Santner’s interpretation of it as an expression of a particularly human experience of subjection to sovereign power (On Creaturely Life, 2008), and Anat Pick’s reading of it as an engagement with the boundary between human and animal, binding environmental and political injustice (Creaturely Poetics, 2011). Through both readings, the monograph brings new comparative perspectives to modern Arabic literature, as well as highlighting central themes and aesthetics of the Libyan novel. While understanding animals as an allegory for human suffering, the monograph explores how they prompt reflection on the universal vulnerability of all creatures, human and nonhuman, within an uncertain world. With their ‘silence’ expressive of the nation’s international marginality and the denial of fundamental freedoms within it, and their imprisonment and mortality a commentary on the loss of traditional nomadism, as Libya transforms into a dictatorial, rentier state, animals represent multi-layered allegories, all underpinned by an expression of shared vulnerability.
Jamie Lorimer
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- January 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780816681075
- eISBN:
- 9781452950631
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Minnesota Press
- DOI:
- 10.5749/minnesota/9780816681075.001.0001
- Subject:
- Earth Sciences and Geography, Cultural and Historical Geography
Elephants rarely breed in captivity and are not considered domesticated, yet they interact with people regularly and adapt to various environments. Too social and sagacious to be objects, too strange ...
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Elephants rarely breed in captivity and are not considered domesticated, yet they interact with people regularly and adapt to various environments. Too social and sagacious to be objects, too strange to be human, too captive to truly be wild, but too wild to be domesticated—where do elephants fall in our understanding of nature? In Wildlife in the Anthropocene, Jamie Lorimer argues that the idea of nature as a pure and timeless place characterized by the absence of humans has come to an end. But life goes on. Wildlife inhabits everywhere and is on the move; Lorimer proposes the concept of wildlife as a replacement for nature. Offering a thorough appraisal of the Anthropocene—an era in which human actions affect and influence all life and all systems on our planet—Lorimer unpacks its implications for changing definitions of nature and the politics of wildlife conservation. Wildlife in the Anthropocene examines rewilding, the impacts of wildlife films, human relationships with charismatic species, and urban wildlife. Analyzing scientific papers, policy documents, and popular media, as well as a decade of fieldwork, Lorimer explores the new interconnections between science, politics, and neoliberal capitalism that the Anthropocene demands of wildlife conservation. Imagining conservation in a world where humans are geological actors entangled within and responsible for powerful, unstable, and unpredictable planetary forces, this work nurtures a future environmentalism that is more hopeful and democratic.Less
Elephants rarely breed in captivity and are not considered domesticated, yet they interact with people regularly and adapt to various environments. Too social and sagacious to be objects, too strange to be human, too captive to truly be wild, but too wild to be domesticated—where do elephants fall in our understanding of nature? In Wildlife in the Anthropocene, Jamie Lorimer argues that the idea of nature as a pure and timeless place characterized by the absence of humans has come to an end. But life goes on. Wildlife inhabits everywhere and is on the move; Lorimer proposes the concept of wildlife as a replacement for nature. Offering a thorough appraisal of the Anthropocene—an era in which human actions affect and influence all life and all systems on our planet—Lorimer unpacks its implications for changing definitions of nature and the politics of wildlife conservation. Wildlife in the Anthropocene examines rewilding, the impacts of wildlife films, human relationships with charismatic species, and urban wildlife. Analyzing scientific papers, policy documents, and popular media, as well as a decade of fieldwork, Lorimer explores the new interconnections between science, politics, and neoliberal capitalism that the Anthropocene demands of wildlife conservation. Imagining conservation in a world where humans are geological actors entangled within and responsible for powerful, unstable, and unpredictable planetary forces, this work nurtures a future environmentalism that is more hopeful and democratic.
Alexandra M. Schmidt and Marco A. Rodríguez
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199694587
- eISBN:
- 9780191731921
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199694587.003.0020
- Subject:
- Mathematics, Probability / Statistics
We discuss models for multivariate counts observed at fixed spatial locations of a region of interest. Our approach is based on a continuous mixture of independent Poisson distributions. The mixing ...
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We discuss models for multivariate counts observed at fixed spatial locations of a region of interest. Our approach is based on a continuous mixture of independent Poisson distributions. The mixing component is able to capture correlation among components of the observed vector and across space through the use of a linear model of coregionalization. We introduce here the use of covariates to allow for possible non‐stationarity of the covariance structure of the mixing component. We analyse joint spatial variation of counts of four fish species abundant in Lake Saint Pierre, Quebec, Canada. Models allowing the covariance structure of the spatial random effects to depend on a covariate, geodetic lake depth, showed improved fit relative to stationary models.Less
We discuss models for multivariate counts observed at fixed spatial locations of a region of interest. Our approach is based on a continuous mixture of independent Poisson distributions. The mixing component is able to capture correlation among components of the observed vector and across space through the use of a linear model of coregionalization. We introduce here the use of covariates to allow for possible non‐stationarity of the covariance structure of the mixing component. We analyse joint spatial variation of counts of four fish species abundant in Lake Saint Pierre, Quebec, Canada. Models allowing the covariance structure of the spatial random effects to depend on a covariate, geodetic lake depth, showed improved fit relative to stationary models.
Tok Thompson
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781496825087
- eISBN:
- 9781496825131
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781496825087.003.0004
- Subject:
- Sociology, Culture
Why do we use animals to talk about our own human sexuality? Sexual desires, thoughts, and actions are said to reflect our “animal nature”, revealing strongly held cultural ideas about humans, ...
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Why do we use animals to talk about our own human sexuality? Sexual desires, thoughts, and actions are said to reflect our “animal nature”, revealing strongly held cultural ideas about humans, animals, and the nature of civilization. This cultural cognitive divide between “humans” and “animals” is expressed in our language, folk speech, popular culture, mythology, and even the law. The topic of sexuality is an interesting nexus on this human-animal binary in Western discourse, revealing ideas of mind versus body, spirit and flesh, and wild versus domestic.Less
Why do we use animals to talk about our own human sexuality? Sexual desires, thoughts, and actions are said to reflect our “animal nature”, revealing strongly held cultural ideas about humans, animals, and the nature of civilization. This cultural cognitive divide between “humans” and “animals” is expressed in our language, folk speech, popular culture, mythology, and even the law. The topic of sexuality is an interesting nexus on this human-animal binary in Western discourse, revealing ideas of mind versus body, spirit and flesh, and wild versus domestic.
Élisabeth de Fontenay
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- August 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780816676040
- eISBN:
- 9781452947655
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Minnesota Press
- DOI:
- 10.5749/minnesota/9780816676040.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, General
This book pursues the investigation Fontenay began in her magnum opus, The Silence of the Beasts: Philosophy Confronts Animality with a series of essays of somewhat more topical reach. Fontenay’s ...
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This book pursues the investigation Fontenay began in her magnum opus, The Silence of the Beasts: Philosophy Confronts Animality with a series of essays of somewhat more topical reach. Fontenay’s perspective is resolutely informed by Continental Philosophy, which brings her to articulate a very strong critique of the pragmatist frame through which animal rights are often defended. Fontenay seeks to maintain the anthropological difference between man and animal that Singer and Cavalieri openly and brazenly, upon Fontenay’s account, ignore. While seeking to articulate the need for animal rights, Fontenay does not for as much encourage an abandon of what she calls the “human exception,” a defense of which she mounts in her chapter on “The Improper.” If the human exception must be maintained, Fontenay is attentive to the ways in which the account of the fragility common to animals and humans should lead to new ways of thinking about ethics and politics. Singer and Cavalieri are taken to task for ignoring the importance of this human exception (and, as a result, minimizing the crimes against humanity committed during the Shoah) and argues that animal rights should further develop their already extant legal status “between possessions and persons.” For Fontenay, it is not enough simply to investigate how philosophers, politicians or artists consider animals or the question of their rights nor is not enough for these different discourses simply to make mention of the “animal cause” to qualify them as allies in the struggle for animal rights.Less
This book pursues the investigation Fontenay began in her magnum opus, The Silence of the Beasts: Philosophy Confronts Animality with a series of essays of somewhat more topical reach. Fontenay’s perspective is resolutely informed by Continental Philosophy, which brings her to articulate a very strong critique of the pragmatist frame through which animal rights are often defended. Fontenay seeks to maintain the anthropological difference between man and animal that Singer and Cavalieri openly and brazenly, upon Fontenay’s account, ignore. While seeking to articulate the need for animal rights, Fontenay does not for as much encourage an abandon of what she calls the “human exception,” a defense of which she mounts in her chapter on “The Improper.” If the human exception must be maintained, Fontenay is attentive to the ways in which the account of the fragility common to animals and humans should lead to new ways of thinking about ethics and politics. Singer and Cavalieri are taken to task for ignoring the importance of this human exception (and, as a result, minimizing the crimes against humanity committed during the Shoah) and argues that animal rights should further develop their already extant legal status “between possessions and persons.” For Fontenay, it is not enough simply to investigate how philosophers, politicians or artists consider animals or the question of their rights nor is not enough for these different discourses simply to make mention of the “animal cause” to qualify them as allies in the struggle for animal rights.
Poul Holm, Tim D. Smith, and David J. Starkey (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780973007312
- eISBN:
- 9781786944733
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9780973007312.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Maritime History
The book combines the approaches of maritime history and ecological science to explore the evolution of life-forms and eco-systems in the ocean from a historical perspective, in order to establish ...
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The book combines the approaches of maritime history and ecological science to explore the evolution of life-forms and eco-systems in the ocean from a historical perspective, in order to establish and develop the sub-discipline of marine environmental history. Documentary records relating to the human activity, such as fishing, plus naturally occurring paleo-ecological data are analysed in order to determine the structure and function of exploited ecosystems. The book is divided into four chapter groups, the first concerned with Newfoundland and Grand Banks’ fisheries, the second with the potential of historical sources to provide a history of marine animal populations, the third explores the development of fisheries in the southern hemisphere during the twentieth century, and the final section explores the limitations of data and existing analysis of whale populations. The epilogue reiterates the suggestion that collaboration between historians and biologists is the key to furthering the sub-discipline.Less
The book combines the approaches of maritime history and ecological science to explore the evolution of life-forms and eco-systems in the ocean from a historical perspective, in order to establish and develop the sub-discipline of marine environmental history. Documentary records relating to the human activity, such as fishing, plus naturally occurring paleo-ecological data are analysed in order to determine the structure and function of exploited ecosystems. The book is divided into four chapter groups, the first concerned with Newfoundland and Grand Banks’ fisheries, the second with the potential of historical sources to provide a history of marine animal populations, the third explores the development of fisheries in the southern hemisphere during the twentieth century, and the final section explores the limitations of data and existing analysis of whale populations. The epilogue reiterates the suggestion that collaboration between historians and biologists is the key to furthering the sub-discipline.
