Steve Bruce
- Published in print:
- 1998
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198293927
- eISBN:
- 9780191685019
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198293927.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
This book examines the place and nature of religion in industrial societies through a comparative analysis of conservative Protestant politics in a variety of ‘first world’ societies. Rejecting the ...
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This book examines the place and nature of religion in industrial societies through a comparative analysis of conservative Protestant politics in a variety of ‘first world’ societies. Rejecting the popular, but misleading, grouping of diverse movements under the heading of ‘fundamentalism’, this book presents a series of detailed case studies of the Christian Right in the United States, Protestant unionism in Northern Ireland, anti-Catholicism in Scotland, Afrikaner politics in South Africa, and Empire Loyalism in Australia, Canada, and New Zealand. It examines the constraints that culturally diverse societies place on those who wish to promote political agendas based on religious ideas or on religiously informed ethnic identities.Less
This book examines the place and nature of religion in industrial societies through a comparative analysis of conservative Protestant politics in a variety of ‘first world’ societies. Rejecting the popular, but misleading, grouping of diverse movements under the heading of ‘fundamentalism’, this book presents a series of detailed case studies of the Christian Right in the United States, Protestant unionism in Northern Ireland, anti-Catholicism in Scotland, Afrikaner politics in South Africa, and Empire Loyalism in Australia, Canada, and New Zealand. It examines the constraints that culturally diverse societies place on those who wish to promote political agendas based on religious ideas or on religiously informed ethnic identities.
DONALD J. TREIMAN
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780197263860
- eISBN:
- 9780191734953
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197263860.003.0010
- Subject:
- Sociology, Race and Ethnicity
In South Africa, 350 years of apartheid practice and fifty years of concerted apartheid policy have created racial inequalities in socio-economic position larger than in any other nation in the ...
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In South Africa, 350 years of apartheid practice and fifty years of concerted apartheid policy have created racial inequalities in socio-economic position larger than in any other nation in the world. Whites, who constitute 11 percent of the population, enjoy levels of education, occupational status, and income similar and in many respects superior to those of the industrially developed nations of Europe and the British diaspora. Within the white population, however, there is a sharp distinction between the one-third of English origin and the two-thirds of Afrikaner origin. Despite apartheid policies explicitly designed to improve the lot of Afrikaners at the expense of non-whites, the historical difference between the two groups continues to be seen in socio-economic differences at the end of the twentieth century. Ethnic penalties are especially large for people with lower levels of education. Racial differences in income are large, even among the well educated and those working in similar occupations.Less
In South Africa, 350 years of apartheid practice and fifty years of concerted apartheid policy have created racial inequalities in socio-economic position larger than in any other nation in the world. Whites, who constitute 11 percent of the population, enjoy levels of education, occupational status, and income similar and in many respects superior to those of the industrially developed nations of Europe and the British diaspora. Within the white population, however, there is a sharp distinction between the one-third of English origin and the two-thirds of Afrikaner origin. Despite apartheid policies explicitly designed to improve the lot of Afrikaners at the expense of non-whites, the historical difference between the two groups continues to be seen in socio-economic differences at the end of the twentieth century. Ethnic penalties are especially large for people with lower levels of education. Racial differences in income are large, even among the well educated and those working in similar occupations.
Donal Lowry
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199297672
- eISBN:
- 9780191594335
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199297672.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History
The Natalians established a tightly knit society in Natal, similar to British settlements elsewhere in the empire. Predominantly English and middle‐class and imbued with concepts of white racial and ...
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The Natalians established a tightly knit society in Natal, similar to British settlements elsewhere in the empire. Predominantly English and middle‐class and imbued with concepts of white racial and cultural supremacy, their sense of identity was informed by Britishness. Although outnumbered by Zulus, the Natalians dominated the colony, receiving responsible government in 1893. From 1910, Natal was a province of the Union of South Africa and until 1961 the Natalians fought unsuccessfully to protect themselves and their British heritage from Afrikaner domination. Increasingly defined by what they were against rather than what they were, they developed into an idiosyncratic, separatist and impotent community with their identity defined by their province. With the advent of democracy in 1994, the Natalians lost political control of the province, undermining their sense of identity. Yet, unlike other British communities in this volume, few Natalians have gone into exile, reflecting deep roots sunk in Natal's soil.Less
The Natalians established a tightly knit society in Natal, similar to British settlements elsewhere in the empire. Predominantly English and middle‐class and imbued with concepts of white racial and cultural supremacy, their sense of identity was informed by Britishness. Although outnumbered by Zulus, the Natalians dominated the colony, receiving responsible government in 1893. From 1910, Natal was a province of the Union of South Africa and until 1961 the Natalians fought unsuccessfully to protect themselves and their British heritage from Afrikaner domination. Increasingly defined by what they were against rather than what they were, they developed into an idiosyncratic, separatist and impotent community with their identity defined by their province. With the advent of democracy in 1994, the Natalians lost political control of the province, undermining their sense of identity. Yet, unlike other British communities in this volume, few Natalians have gone into exile, reflecting deep roots sunk in Natal's soil.
Simon J. Potter
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199265121
- eISBN:
- 9780191718427
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199265121.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History
This chapter investigates the imperial integration and traces its emergence during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It focuses on Britain and the settler colonies — known to contemporaries as ...
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This chapter investigates the imperial integration and traces its emergence during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It focuses on Britain and the settler colonies — known to contemporaries as Dominions — of Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. It shows that the distinct privileged position occupied by the Dominions in the imperial hierarchy, as component parts of what some contemporaries saw as a ‘Great Britain’. ‘Old Commonwealth’, or ‘British world’, united by a common sense of Britishness. It highlights connections between the English-language press in Britain and the colonies of settlement, but does not deny that French Canadian or Afrikaner newspapers, or papers in India and the so-called Crown colonies had an important role to play in the life of the British Empire. It aims to give a fuller and more revealing perspective on the history of the press in Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, and Britain.Less
This chapter investigates the imperial integration and traces its emergence during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It focuses on Britain and the settler colonies — known to contemporaries as Dominions — of Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. It shows that the distinct privileged position occupied by the Dominions in the imperial hierarchy, as component parts of what some contemporaries saw as a ‘Great Britain’. ‘Old Commonwealth’, or ‘British world’, united by a common sense of Britishness. It highlights connections between the English-language press in Britain and the colonies of settlement, but does not deny that French Canadian or Afrikaner newspapers, or papers in India and the so-called Crown colonies had an important role to play in the life of the British Empire. It aims to give a fuller and more revealing perspective on the history of the press in Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, and Britain.
Steve Bruce
- Published in print:
- 1998
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198293927
- eISBN:
- 9780191685019
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198293927.003.0002
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
This chapter explores the history of two primary cases of religio-ethnic Protestantism and the role that religion has played in those two settings. At first, it traces the historic struggle of ...
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This chapter explores the history of two primary cases of religio-ethnic Protestantism and the role that religion has played in those two settings. At first, it traces the historic struggle of Ireland between three religio-ethnic groups: the Catholic Gaelic-speaking Irish, the Anglo-Irish, and the Scots-Irish. Then, it examines the first Afrikaners and the conflict between the Boers and the British as the main power in the Cape of Good Hope. The chapter suggests that the key point for the later development of the Afrikaners is the 1948 election, where they were able to maintain and increase the domination of whites over blacks. The Irish case shows a similar increase in the power and influence of the heirs of the Scots settlers through a different set of changes. Lastly, this chapter concludes that the histories of Ireland and South Africa would have been very different had the Scotts and Dutch settlers not been Calvinist Presbyterians.Less
This chapter explores the history of two primary cases of religio-ethnic Protestantism and the role that religion has played in those two settings. At first, it traces the historic struggle of Ireland between three religio-ethnic groups: the Catholic Gaelic-speaking Irish, the Anglo-Irish, and the Scots-Irish. Then, it examines the first Afrikaners and the conflict between the Boers and the British as the main power in the Cape of Good Hope. The chapter suggests that the key point for the later development of the Afrikaners is the 1948 election, where they were able to maintain and increase the domination of whites over blacks. The Irish case shows a similar increase in the power and influence of the heirs of the Scots settlers through a different set of changes. Lastly, this chapter concludes that the histories of Ireland and South Africa would have been very different had the Scotts and Dutch settlers not been Calvinist Presbyterians.
John Boje
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- April 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780252039560
- eISBN:
- 9780252097652
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5406/illinois/9780252039560.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Military History
The South African War (1899–1902), also called the Boer War and Anglo-Boer War, began as a conventional conflict. It escalated into a savage irregular war fought between the two Boer republics and a ...
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The South African War (1899–1902), also called the Boer War and Anglo-Boer War, began as a conventional conflict. It escalated into a savage irregular war fought between the two Boer republics and a British imperial force that adopted a scorched-earth policy and used concentration camps to break the will of Afrikaner patriots and Boer guerrillas. This book delves into the agonizing choices faced by Winburg district residents during the British occupation. Afrikaner men fought or evaded combat or collaborated; Afrikaner women fled over the veld or submitted to life in the camps; and black Africans weighed the life or death consequences of taking sides. The book’s sensitive analysis showcases the motives, actions, and reactions of Boers and Africans alike as initial British accommodation gave way to ruthlessness. Challenging notions of Boer unity and homogeneity, the book illustrates the precarious tightrope of resistance, neutrality, and collaboration walked by people on all sides. It also reveals how the repercussions of the War’s transformative effect on Afrikaner identity plays out in today’s South Africa. The book provides a dramatic account of the often overlooked aspects of one of the first “modern” wars.Less
The South African War (1899–1902), also called the Boer War and Anglo-Boer War, began as a conventional conflict. It escalated into a savage irregular war fought between the two Boer republics and a British imperial force that adopted a scorched-earth policy and used concentration camps to break the will of Afrikaner patriots and Boer guerrillas. This book delves into the agonizing choices faced by Winburg district residents during the British occupation. Afrikaner men fought or evaded combat or collaborated; Afrikaner women fled over the veld or submitted to life in the camps; and black Africans weighed the life or death consequences of taking sides. The book’s sensitive analysis showcases the motives, actions, and reactions of Boers and Africans alike as initial British accommodation gave way to ruthlessness. Challenging notions of Boer unity and homogeneity, the book illustrates the precarious tightrope of resistance, neutrality, and collaboration walked by people on all sides. It also reveals how the repercussions of the War’s transformative effect on Afrikaner identity plays out in today’s South Africa. The book provides a dramatic account of the often overlooked aspects of one of the first “modern” wars.
Ivan Evans
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- July 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780719079047
- eISBN:
- 9781781702208
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719079047.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
This chapter shows that Afrikaners developed a theology that fused a virulent racism to a ‘strong state’ which they successfully manipulated to address the ‘poor white problem’. Afrikaners, in other ...
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This chapter shows that Afrikaners developed a theology that fused a virulent racism to a ‘strong state’ which they successfully manipulated to address the ‘poor white problem’. Afrikaners, in other words, sought to protect impoverished whites by making Social Gospelism the very business of the state itself.Less
This chapter shows that Afrikaners developed a theology that fused a virulent racism to a ‘strong state’ which they successfully manipulated to address the ‘poor white problem’. Afrikaners, in other words, sought to protect impoverished whites by making Social Gospelism the very business of the state itself.
Jamie Miller
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- October 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780190274832
- eISBN:
- 9780190274863
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190274832.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Political History, World Modern History
Opposition to apartheid was one of the great moments in postwar history. Its success remains a symbol of a progressive global community. An African Volk looks at this phenomenon from the other side. ...
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Opposition to apartheid was one of the great moments in postwar history. Its success remains a symbol of a progressive global community. An African Volk looks at this phenomenon from the other side. It explores how the apartheid state in South Africa sought to maintain power as the world of white empire gave way to a new postcolonial environment that repudiated racial hierarchy. Drawing upon archival research across Southern Africa and beyond, as well as over fifty hours of interviews with leading figures from the apartheid order, An African Volk shows how instead of simply resisting decolonization and African nationalism in the name of white supremacy, the white power structure looked to hijack and invert the norms of the new global era to relegitimize its rule, break out of isolation, and secure international acceptance. Situated at the nexus of African, decolonization, and Cold War history, An African Volk tells the story of how the architects of apartheid used statecraft to redefine whiteness and promote a fresh ideological basis for their rule. In doing so, it offers new global and local perspectives on the apartheid state and illuminates the complexities and contradictions of the postcolonial project. Equally, it shows how the regime’s outreach to Africa both reflected and fueled heated debates within Afrikaner society over the relationship between race, nation, and state, exposing a deeply divided polity in the midst of massive economic, cultural, and social change.Less
Opposition to apartheid was one of the great moments in postwar history. Its success remains a symbol of a progressive global community. An African Volk looks at this phenomenon from the other side. It explores how the apartheid state in South Africa sought to maintain power as the world of white empire gave way to a new postcolonial environment that repudiated racial hierarchy. Drawing upon archival research across Southern Africa and beyond, as well as over fifty hours of interviews with leading figures from the apartheid order, An African Volk shows how instead of simply resisting decolonization and African nationalism in the name of white supremacy, the white power structure looked to hijack and invert the norms of the new global era to relegitimize its rule, break out of isolation, and secure international acceptance. Situated at the nexus of African, decolonization, and Cold War history, An African Volk tells the story of how the architects of apartheid used statecraft to redefine whiteness and promote a fresh ideological basis for their rule. In doing so, it offers new global and local perspectives on the apartheid state and illuminates the complexities and contradictions of the postcolonial project. Equally, it shows how the regime’s outreach to Africa both reflected and fueled heated debates within Afrikaner society over the relationship between race, nation, and state, exposing a deeply divided polity in the midst of massive economic, cultural, and social change.
Michael Bishop
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781447337638
- eISBN:
- 9781447337676
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447337638.003.0006
- Subject:
- Education, Educational Policy and Politics
This chapter explores how the unique South African context affects the way one evaluates the right to own-language education of the White Afrikaans minority. International human rights law affords ...
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This chapter explores how the unique South African context affects the way one evaluates the right to own-language education of the White Afrikaans minority. International human rights law affords linguistic minorities the right to education in the language of their choice. However, for one particular minority community, the Afrikaners, the protection of that right is complicated by South Africa's history of racial inequality, particularly in the area of education. As such, the chapter argues that it is not possible to apply the ordinary principles concerning minority languages to Afrikaans. However, that does not mean that Afrikaners are not entitled to some protection for their language. Rather, it requires looking for compromises and innovative solutions that acknowledge both the position of privilege built on a history of racial discrimination and the legitimate demand for protecting Afrikaans-language education.Less
This chapter explores how the unique South African context affects the way one evaluates the right to own-language education of the White Afrikaans minority. International human rights law affords linguistic minorities the right to education in the language of their choice. However, for one particular minority community, the Afrikaners, the protection of that right is complicated by South Africa's history of racial inequality, particularly in the area of education. As such, the chapter argues that it is not possible to apply the ordinary principles concerning minority languages to Afrikaans. However, that does not mean that Afrikaners are not entitled to some protection for their language. Rather, it requires looking for compromises and innovative solutions that acknowledge both the position of privilege built on a history of racial discrimination and the legitimate demand for protecting Afrikaans-language education.
Gal Beckerman
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- November 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780231159319
- eISBN:
- 9780231500586
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231159319.003.0016
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Media Studies
This essay reviews the book My Traitor's Heart, by Rian Malan. First published in 1990, My Traitor's Heart is an autobiographical account of Malan's return to South Africa from several years of ...
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This essay reviews the book My Traitor's Heart, by Rian Malan. First published in 1990, My Traitor's Heart is an autobiographical account of Malan's return to South Africa from several years of exile. Malan's project was no different from that of fellow South African writer J. M. Coetzee. He meant to answer the question posed in his epigraph: “How do I live in this strange place?” My Traitor's Heart was as much the result of Malan's character as Coetzee's work was the result of his. Malan wrote his book at the age of thirty-five, after years of traveling the world and living a hobo's existence. He belongs to a prominent Afrikaner clan that included Daniel François Malan, the South African prime minister who was a chief architect of apartheid.Less
This essay reviews the book My Traitor's Heart, by Rian Malan. First published in 1990, My Traitor's Heart is an autobiographical account of Malan's return to South Africa from several years of exile. Malan's project was no different from that of fellow South African writer J. M. Coetzee. He meant to answer the question posed in his epigraph: “How do I live in this strange place?” My Traitor's Heart was as much the result of Malan's character as Coetzee's work was the result of his. Malan wrote his book at the age of thirty-five, after years of traveling the world and living a hobo's existence. He belongs to a prominent Afrikaner clan that included Daniel François Malan, the South African prime minister who was a chief architect of apartheid.
Grietjie Verhoef
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- December 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780198817758
- eISBN:
- 9780191859199
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198817758.003.0004
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Business History, Political Economy
Growing divisions along political lines, and personal differences in management on different levels of Sanlam operations, landed the life office to engage in more non-life investment restructuring ...
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Growing divisions along political lines, and personal differences in management on different levels of Sanlam operations, landed the life office to engage in more non-life investment restructuring than actual insurance business. Sanlam addressed complex inter-personal Afrikaner business contestation, causing negative publicity to the company. Building down its strategic investments began in 1985 and was almost completed by 1996. Unexpected management changes and seriously underperforming strategic investments curtailed the life office’s market position. The transformation of Sanlam in response to the domestic political changes, and re-entry into the international markets, led to organizational, managerial, and business adjustments. Strategic refocusing followed, but diversification into financial services remained compromised by illiquidity. Sanlam did the first Black Economic Empowerment transaction and commenced a capital building process with the aim of a fundamental functional overhaul, following the international trend to demutualize.Less
Growing divisions along political lines, and personal differences in management on different levels of Sanlam operations, landed the life office to engage in more non-life investment restructuring than actual insurance business. Sanlam addressed complex inter-personal Afrikaner business contestation, causing negative publicity to the company. Building down its strategic investments began in 1985 and was almost completed by 1996. Unexpected management changes and seriously underperforming strategic investments curtailed the life office’s market position. The transformation of Sanlam in response to the domestic political changes, and re-entry into the international markets, led to organizational, managerial, and business adjustments. Strategic refocusing followed, but diversification into financial services remained compromised by illiquidity. Sanlam did the first Black Economic Empowerment transaction and commenced a capital building process with the aim of a fundamental functional overhaul, following the international trend to demutualize.
Tiffany Willoughby-Herard
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- September 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780520280861
- eISBN:
- 9780520959972
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520280861.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, African-American History
This is an intellectual, political, and institutional history of scientific racist thought focused on the Carnegie Corporation’s antipoverty philanthropy with “poor whites” in South Africa ...
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This is an intellectual, political, and institutional history of scientific racist thought focused on the Carnegie Corporation’s antipoverty philanthropy with “poor whites” in South Africa (1927–1932). I trace the origins, analysis, and outcomes of the Carnegie Commission in apartheid law and in cultural and social organizations that synchronized Afrikaner Nationalism. I study the conditions that shaped the study and of how the study was used in building South African social science about race and poverty. This case study analyzes how a global racial order—“global whiteness”—working with the racial logic of white vulnerability, provided the conditions for the Carnegie Poor White Study. In discussing the theory of global whiteness, I demonstrate that white supremacy has been essential for constituting both epistemic knowledge in academic disciplines and for constituting nation-states. The influence of international philanthropy on the creation of a distinctly racial conception of citizenship and democracy in South Africa during the consolidation of grand apartheid and Afrikaner Nationalism indicates a need for research on racial polities that foregrounds race in the making of international affairs. Waste of a White Skin addresses how non–South African philanthropic institutions were invested in making white identity and entrenching racialized citizenship and democracy. The Carnegie Corporation’s focus on “poor whites” expanded the politics of scientific racism and the idea of a civilizing mission that had South African society and social science as its beneficiaries. I extend our understanding of the history of apartheid to include pre-World War II U.S.-based racial philosophies and policies; I reveal how the racialization of poor whites functioned with other processes to establish “grand apartheid” in 1948; and I articulate a theory of global whiteness that emerges from the literatures on race in international relations and racial blackness and empire. Through this, I raise questions about how international debates on race affect domestic racial citizenship. I point to how a global racial regime—global whiteness—constitutes domestic racial policies and, in some ways, animates black consciousness. I also indicate that the supposed discontinuity of racial geography is, in fact, porous and nearly always permeable.Less
This is an intellectual, political, and institutional history of scientific racist thought focused on the Carnegie Corporation’s antipoverty philanthropy with “poor whites” in South Africa (1927–1932). I trace the origins, analysis, and outcomes of the Carnegie Commission in apartheid law and in cultural and social organizations that synchronized Afrikaner Nationalism. I study the conditions that shaped the study and of how the study was used in building South African social science about race and poverty. This case study analyzes how a global racial order—“global whiteness”—working with the racial logic of white vulnerability, provided the conditions for the Carnegie Poor White Study. In discussing the theory of global whiteness, I demonstrate that white supremacy has been essential for constituting both epistemic knowledge in academic disciplines and for constituting nation-states. The influence of international philanthropy on the creation of a distinctly racial conception of citizenship and democracy in South Africa during the consolidation of grand apartheid and Afrikaner Nationalism indicates a need for research on racial polities that foregrounds race in the making of international affairs. Waste of a White Skin addresses how non–South African philanthropic institutions were invested in making white identity and entrenching racialized citizenship and democracy. The Carnegie Corporation’s focus on “poor whites” expanded the politics of scientific racism and the idea of a civilizing mission that had South African society and social science as its beneficiaries. I extend our understanding of the history of apartheid to include pre-World War II U.S.-based racial philosophies and policies; I reveal how the racialization of poor whites functioned with other processes to establish “grand apartheid” in 1948; and I articulate a theory of global whiteness that emerges from the literatures on race in international relations and racial blackness and empire. Through this, I raise questions about how international debates on race affect domestic racial citizenship. I point to how a global racial regime—global whiteness—constitutes domestic racial policies and, in some ways, animates black consciousness. I also indicate that the supposed discontinuity of racial geography is, in fact, porous and nearly always permeable.
Derek R. Mallett
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- May 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780813142517
- eISBN:
- 9780813143064
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Kentucky
- DOI:
- 10.5810/kentucky/9780813142517.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, Military History
Chapter 1 relates the Allied capture of the German general officers who were eventually held as prisoners of war in the United States. The chapter begins with the first large group of generals who ...
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Chapter 1 relates the Allied capture of the German general officers who were eventually held as prisoners of war in the United States. The chapter begins with the first large group of generals who surrendered in Tunisia; hence the captors referred to their prisoners as Afrikaner. The chapter proceeds to recount the capture of the next large group of German generals to fall into Western Allied hands, the Französen, those captured following the successful Allied invasion of northwest France. The chapter examines the British relationship with these men, the interrelations of the prisoners themselves, and British perceptions of the prisoners’ respective political loyalties. It serves as a lens of comparison through which the American treatment of these prisoners can be viewed.Less
Chapter 1 relates the Allied capture of the German general officers who were eventually held as prisoners of war in the United States. The chapter begins with the first large group of generals who surrendered in Tunisia; hence the captors referred to their prisoners as Afrikaner. The chapter proceeds to recount the capture of the next large group of German generals to fall into Western Allied hands, the Französen, those captured following the successful Allied invasion of northwest France. The chapter examines the British relationship with these men, the interrelations of the prisoners themselves, and British perceptions of the prisoners’ respective political loyalties. It serves as a lens of comparison through which the American treatment of these prisoners can be viewed.
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- March 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226451886
- eISBN:
- 9780226451909
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226451909.003.0003
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, African Studies
This chapter briefly sketches the mediascape of South Africa prior to the first fence post—television's introduction. By examining the positions of political parties and the resistance movements ...
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This chapter briefly sketches the mediascape of South Africa prior to the first fence post—television's introduction. By examining the positions of political parties and the resistance movements regarding television, it shows how Afrikaner political identifications imbued television with qualities that enforced its structured absence and perpetuated a separation of nearly all aspects of life between Black and White South Africans. While this absence was an explicit attempt on the part of the apartheid regime to resist transnational media flows—particularly representations of the civil rights movement in the United States—the denial of television exacerbated many White South Africans' sense of exclusion from the international community. The chapter also includes an overview of other forms of media in South Africa at the time and an analysis of why the apartheid regime finally allowed television to enter the country.Less
This chapter briefly sketches the mediascape of South Africa prior to the first fence post—television's introduction. By examining the positions of political parties and the resistance movements regarding television, it shows how Afrikaner political identifications imbued television with qualities that enforced its structured absence and perpetuated a separation of nearly all aspects of life between Black and White South Africans. While this absence was an explicit attempt on the part of the apartheid regime to resist transnational media flows—particularly representations of the civil rights movement in the United States—the denial of television exacerbated many White South Africans' sense of exclusion from the international community. The chapter also includes an overview of other forms of media in South Africa at the time and an analysis of why the apartheid regime finally allowed television to enter the country.
Tiffany Willoughby-Herard
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- September 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780520280861
- eISBN:
- 9780520959972
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520280861.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, African-American History
“Forgeries of History: The Poor White Study” dispenses with the key frames put forward within the Poor White Study in order to situate the failure of domestic policy in South Africa to shore up white ...
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“Forgeries of History: The Poor White Study” dispenses with the key frames put forward within the Poor White Study in order to situate the failure of domestic policy in South Africa to shore up white wages and white quality of life for poor whites. If domestic South African civic associations and state pressure could not secure the global color line, in what ways might other forces—especially race-relations technicians like E. G. Malherbe—catalyze a transformation in the conditions of the South African racial labor hierarchy?Less
“Forgeries of History: The Poor White Study” dispenses with the key frames put forward within the Poor White Study in order to situate the failure of domestic policy in South Africa to shore up white wages and white quality of life for poor whites. If domestic South African civic associations and state pressure could not secure the global color line, in what ways might other forces—especially race-relations technicians like E. G. Malherbe—catalyze a transformation in the conditions of the South African racial labor hierarchy?
Tiffany Willoughby-Herard
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- September 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780520280861
- eISBN:
- 9780520959972
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520280861.003.0003
- Subject:
- History, African-American History
“The Visual Culture of White Poverty as the History of South Africa and the United States: Repetition, Rediscovery, Playing with Whiteness,” examines the depictions of poor whites to demonstrate how ...
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“The Visual Culture of White Poverty as the History of South Africa and the United States: Repetition, Rediscovery, Playing with Whiteness,” examines the depictions of poor whites to demonstrate how “vulnerable whiteness” and “whiteness in Africa” were deployed in theater, early cinema, political cartoons, and ethnographic photography. The chapter considers the enduring nature of representations of impoverished whites as a social and political crisis and as threat for the fit white nation. Afrikaner Nationalism produced a massive archive of visual cultural projections, including exemplars by E. G. Malherbe, Daniel Cornelis Boonzaier, J. F. W. Grosskopf, and Roger Ballen.Less
“The Visual Culture of White Poverty as the History of South Africa and the United States: Repetition, Rediscovery, Playing with Whiteness,” examines the depictions of poor whites to demonstrate how “vulnerable whiteness” and “whiteness in Africa” were deployed in theater, early cinema, political cartoons, and ethnographic photography. The chapter considers the enduring nature of representations of impoverished whites as a social and political crisis and as threat for the fit white nation. Afrikaner Nationalism produced a massive archive of visual cultural projections, including exemplars by E. G. Malherbe, Daniel Cornelis Boonzaier, J. F. W. Grosskopf, and Roger Ballen.
John Boje
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- April 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780252039560
- eISBN:
- 9780252097652
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5406/illinois/9780252039560.003.0008
- Subject:
- History, Military History
This chapter examines the aftermath of the South African War, focusing on the period from the conclusion of peace, when Lord (Horatio) Kitchener shook hands with the Boer delegates and pledged, “We ...
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This chapter examines the aftermath of the South African War, focusing on the period from the conclusion of peace, when Lord (Horatio) Kitchener shook hands with the Boer delegates and pledged, “We are good friends now,” to the establishment of the National Party with anti-British and anti-black bias. The chapter begins with a discussion of the postwar reconstruction, the reintegration of hendsoppers (surrendered Boers) and joiners, and the consolidation of Afrikaners’ national identity. It then considers the role of the Dutch Reformed Church in rebuilding community, along with the political resurgence of the adversaries of “protected burghers” in the Free State. It also looks at the 1914 rebellion that articulated a republican protest against the modernizing state. Finally, it highlights the postwar trauma suffered by blacks, their political marginalization, and the establishment of the African National Congress (ANC).Less
This chapter examines the aftermath of the South African War, focusing on the period from the conclusion of peace, when Lord (Horatio) Kitchener shook hands with the Boer delegates and pledged, “We are good friends now,” to the establishment of the National Party with anti-British and anti-black bias. The chapter begins with a discussion of the postwar reconstruction, the reintegration of hendsoppers (surrendered Boers) and joiners, and the consolidation of Afrikaners’ national identity. It then considers the role of the Dutch Reformed Church in rebuilding community, along with the political resurgence of the adversaries of “protected burghers” in the Free State. It also looks at the 1914 rebellion that articulated a republican protest against the modernizing state. Finally, it highlights the postwar trauma suffered by blacks, their political marginalization, and the establishment of the African National Congress (ANC).
Susie Protschky
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9781784993153
- eISBN:
- 9781526115096
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9781784993153.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, Imperialism and Colonialism
In 1910 the Union of South Africa became a British Dominion. However, rather than proclaim loyalty to the British monarch–the titular head of the British empire–some South Africans, notably those who ...
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In 1910 the Union of South Africa became a British Dominion. However, rather than proclaim loyalty to the British monarch–the titular head of the British empire–some South Africans, notably those who identified as Afrikaners or Netherlanders, professed loyalty to the monarch of a rival empire, the Dutch Queen Wilhelmina. This chapter examines oorkonden (decorative letters) sent to Wilhelmina from her supporters in South Africa throughout her reign (1898–1948). The letters provide new evidence of how links with a Dutch colonial past that pre-dated British colonisation were revived by a white community reeling from defeat in the South African War (1899–1902), who continued to contest certain modes of their integration into a British imperium. The letters also suggest the particular appeal of a female king to Afrikaner women in a nascent women’s movement. Finally, the letters reveal the persistence of a notional ‘Dutch world’ that exceeded the bounds of the Netherlands’ formal empire in the early twentieth century.Less
In 1910 the Union of South Africa became a British Dominion. However, rather than proclaim loyalty to the British monarch–the titular head of the British empire–some South Africans, notably those who identified as Afrikaners or Netherlanders, professed loyalty to the monarch of a rival empire, the Dutch Queen Wilhelmina. This chapter examines oorkonden (decorative letters) sent to Wilhelmina from her supporters in South Africa throughout her reign (1898–1948). The letters provide new evidence of how links with a Dutch colonial past that pre-dated British colonisation were revived by a white community reeling from defeat in the South African War (1899–1902), who continued to contest certain modes of their integration into a British imperium. The letters also suggest the particular appeal of a female king to Afrikaner women in a nascent women’s movement. Finally, the letters reveal the persistence of a notional ‘Dutch world’ that exceeded the bounds of the Netherlands’ formal empire in the early twentieth century.
Richard Reed
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- January 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780719095306
- eISBN:
- 9781781708682
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719095306.003.0007
- Subject:
- Political Science, Conflict Politics and Policy
This final chapter draws on many of the themes developed in the previous sections in the context of a number of other international groups known for extremist behaviour and views. This work advances ...
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This final chapter draws on many of the themes developed in the previous sections in the context of a number of other international groups known for extremist behaviour and views. This work advances some of the author’s recent research on historical pro-state groups in South Africa, Serb paramilitaries in the former Yugoslavia and far-right groups of the militia and patriot movements in the United States and Neo-Nazi groups in Germany and the UK. The main intention of this chapter is to ‘normalise’ loyalism, to demonstrate that the defining themes of the loyalist story are not unique to loyalism, but have been echoed in many other contexts, and thus to strengthen the argument that we need to understand the story of loyalism as a human story and not something exceptional. The comparisons are also intended to reinforce some of the key social, cultural and historical factors which influence extremist or violent behaviour in all of these contexts.Less
This final chapter draws on many of the themes developed in the previous sections in the context of a number of other international groups known for extremist behaviour and views. This work advances some of the author’s recent research on historical pro-state groups in South Africa, Serb paramilitaries in the former Yugoslavia and far-right groups of the militia and patriot movements in the United States and Neo-Nazi groups in Germany and the UK. The main intention of this chapter is to ‘normalise’ loyalism, to demonstrate that the defining themes of the loyalist story are not unique to loyalism, but have been echoed in many other contexts, and thus to strengthen the argument that we need to understand the story of loyalism as a human story and not something exceptional. The comparisons are also intended to reinforce some of the key social, cultural and historical factors which influence extremist or violent behaviour in all of these contexts.
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- June 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780853237570
- eISBN:
- 9781846314292
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9780853237570.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, History of Science, Technology, and Medicine
This chapter details the events following the author's arrival in Cape Town, South Africa, on 24 June 1947. After a month in Cape Town, with dwindling funds, he decided to travel around the country ...
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This chapter details the events following the author's arrival in Cape Town, South Africa, on 24 June 1947. After a month in Cape Town, with dwindling funds, he decided to travel around the country and see if there were any good prospects of settling as a physician in another city, later deciding to settle in Port Elizabeth, 400 miles to the east of Cape Town. The author spent two weeks on the farm, Kaalplaats (Dry Place) with Meneer and Mevrou Botha, in order to learn more about the way the Afrikaners lived on their farms, and in January 1948, his wife Nonie and young son John joined him in Port Elizabeth.Less
This chapter details the events following the author's arrival in Cape Town, South Africa, on 24 June 1947. After a month in Cape Town, with dwindling funds, he decided to travel around the country and see if there were any good prospects of settling as a physician in another city, later deciding to settle in Port Elizabeth, 400 miles to the east of Cape Town. The author spent two weeks on the farm, Kaalplaats (Dry Place) with Meneer and Mevrou Botha, in order to learn more about the way the Afrikaners lived on their farms, and in January 1948, his wife Nonie and young son John joined him in Port Elizabeth.
