Carole Holohan
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- May 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781786941237
- eISBN:
- 9781789629279
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3828/liverpool/9781786941237.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History
Reframing Irish Youth in the Sixties focuses on the position of youth in the Republic of Ireland at a time when the meaning of youth was changing internationally. It argues that the reformulation of ...
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Reframing Irish Youth in the Sixties focuses on the position of youth in the Republic of Ireland at a time when the meaning of youth was changing internationally. It argues that the reformulation of youth as a social category was a key element of social change. While emigration was the key youth issue of the 1950s, in this period young people became a pivotal point around which a new national project of economic growth hinged. Transnational ideas and international models increasingly framed Irish attitudes to young people’s education, welfare and employment. At the same time Irish youths were participants in a transnational youth culture that appeared to challenge the status quo. This book examines the attitudes of those in government, the media, in civil society organisations and religious bodies to youth and young people, addressing new manifestations of youth culture and new developments in youth welfare work. In using youth as a lens, this book takes an innovative approach that enables a multi-faceted examination of the sixties, providing fresh perspectives on key social changes and cultural continuities.Less
Reframing Irish Youth in the Sixties focuses on the position of youth in the Republic of Ireland at a time when the meaning of youth was changing internationally. It argues that the reformulation of youth as a social category was a key element of social change. While emigration was the key youth issue of the 1950s, in this period young people became a pivotal point around which a new national project of economic growth hinged. Transnational ideas and international models increasingly framed Irish attitudes to young people’s education, welfare and employment. At the same time Irish youths were participants in a transnational youth culture that appeared to challenge the status quo. This book examines the attitudes of those in government, the media, in civil society organisations and religious bodies to youth and young people, addressing new manifestations of youth culture and new developments in youth welfare work. In using youth as a lens, this book takes an innovative approach that enables a multi-faceted examination of the sixties, providing fresh perspectives on key social changes and cultural continuities.
Benjamin René Jordan
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781469627656
- eISBN:
- 9781469627670
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469627656.001.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Gender and Sexuality
Contrary to works arguing that both Boy Scouting and mainstream American manhood emphasized primitive virility and martial aggression in the early twentieth century, this book demonstrates that the ...
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Contrary to works arguing that both Boy Scouting and mainstream American manhood emphasized primitive virility and martial aggression in the early twentieth century, this book demonstrates that the Boy Scouts of America widely promulgated a popular new construct of “modern manhood.” It combined nineteenth century men's virtues such as self-control and a diligent work ethic with the scientific efficiency, expert management, and hierarchical loyalty that boys in their adolescence and men needed to adapt to a rapidly urbanizing and industrializing society. Scout leaders utilized a scientific, constructive engagement with nature and natural resource conservation to teach members such values, and to partner with reformers and businessmen to advance a modern vision of “practical citizenship” and nonpartisan service leadership. The book analyzes a wealth of Scout texts and images, policy and membership debates, and local practices as well as surveys and memoirs of boys and leaders reflecting on their experiences in the 1910s and 1920s. By insisting that modern manhood and practical citizenship represented universal values while actively incorporating European immigrant Catholics, Jews, and labor unionists, BSA administrators helped redraw the bounds of mainstream American manhood and leading citizenship to include light-skinned, working class urban dwellers and corporate-industrial employees while marginalizing traditional rural farmers of all ethnicities.Less
Contrary to works arguing that both Boy Scouting and mainstream American manhood emphasized primitive virility and martial aggression in the early twentieth century, this book demonstrates that the Boy Scouts of America widely promulgated a popular new construct of “modern manhood.” It combined nineteenth century men's virtues such as self-control and a diligent work ethic with the scientific efficiency, expert management, and hierarchical loyalty that boys in their adolescence and men needed to adapt to a rapidly urbanizing and industrializing society. Scout leaders utilized a scientific, constructive engagement with nature and natural resource conservation to teach members such values, and to partner with reformers and businessmen to advance a modern vision of “practical citizenship” and nonpartisan service leadership. The book analyzes a wealth of Scout texts and images, policy and membership debates, and local practices as well as surveys and memoirs of boys and leaders reflecting on their experiences in the 1910s and 1920s. By insisting that modern manhood and practical citizenship represented universal values while actively incorporating European immigrant Catholics, Jews, and labor unionists, BSA administrators helped redraw the bounds of mainstream American manhood and leading citizenship to include light-skinned, working class urban dwellers and corporate-industrial employees while marginalizing traditional rural farmers of all ethnicities.
Katherine Irwin and Karen Umemoto
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780520283022
- eISBN:
- 9780520958883
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520283022.001.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Law, Crime and Deviance
Based on a nine years of ethnographic research, the authors examine multiple inequalities that underscore youth violence. They feature the experiences of inner city as well as rural girls and boys in ...
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Based on a nine years of ethnographic research, the authors examine multiple inequalities that underscore youth violence. They feature the experiences of inner city as well as rural girls and boys in Hawai‘i who face racism, sexism, poverty, and political neglect in the context of two hundred years of American colonial control in the Pacific. The authors highlight how legacies injustice endure as challenges in the present, prompting teens to fight for dignity and the chance to thrive in America – a nation that the youth described as inherently “jacked up” and “unjust.” While the story begins with the youth battling multiple contingencies, it ends on a hopeful note, as we see many of the teens overcome numerous hardships, often with the help of steadfast, caring adults.Less
Based on a nine years of ethnographic research, the authors examine multiple inequalities that underscore youth violence. They feature the experiences of inner city as well as rural girls and boys in Hawai‘i who face racism, sexism, poverty, and political neglect in the context of two hundred years of American colonial control in the Pacific. The authors highlight how legacies injustice endure as challenges in the present, prompting teens to fight for dignity and the chance to thrive in America – a nation that the youth described as inherently “jacked up” and “unjust.” While the story begins with the youth battling multiple contingencies, it ends on a hopeful note, as we see many of the teens overcome numerous hardships, often with the help of steadfast, caring adults.
Shuttleworth Sally
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199582563
- eISBN:
- 9780191702327
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199582563.003.0015
- Subject:
- Literature, 19th-century and Victorian Literature
This chapter examines changes in the conception of the child as the bearer of the future in England during the 1890s. This development was highlighted in Alexander Chamberlain's The Child: A Study in ...
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This chapter examines changes in the conception of the child as the bearer of the future in England during the 1890s. This development was highlighted in Alexander Chamberlain's The Child: A Study in the Evolution of Man. This novel portrayed the child as the embodiment both of all past history and an expression of future possibility and the child becomes the key to self-understanding, to a realm of a lost past, and also the guarantee of a more positive future. Similar sentiments can also be found in Stanley Hall's Adolescence.Less
This chapter examines changes in the conception of the child as the bearer of the future in England during the 1890s. This development was highlighted in Alexander Chamberlain's The Child: A Study in the Evolution of Man. This novel portrayed the child as the embodiment both of all past history and an expression of future possibility and the child becomes the key to self-understanding, to a realm of a lost past, and also the guarantee of a more positive future. Similar sentiments can also be found in Stanley Hall's Adolescence.
Roger J.R. Levesque
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780190460792
- eISBN:
- 9780190460815
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190460792.001.0001
- Subject:
- Psychology, Forensic Psychology
The right to privacy figures prominently in popular discourse and law. Its popularity, however, is not matched by the respect it receives. A close look at empirical understandings of privacy, how it ...
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The right to privacy figures prominently in popular discourse and law. Its popularity, however, is not matched by the respect it receives. A close look at empirical understandings of privacy, how it shapes development, and how privacy itself can be shaped, provides important lessons for addressing the critical juncture facing privacy rights and privacy itself. To increase respect for privacy and foster privacy’s effective outcomes, society must capitalize on opportunities to shape adolescents’ use of privacy. Yet, as currently developed, the legal system has difficulty recognizing adolescents’ privacy rights and supporting systems that would shape adolescents’ skills and abilities in ways that would foster respect for privacy. As a result, the system fails to address the needs of adolescents and society. The upshot is that a developmental understanding of privacy essentially asks that the legal system take an entirely different approach to adolescents’ privacy. This book provides the foundation for understanding privacy rights and how they relate to adolescents. It then explores the place of privacy in adolescent development and builds on that understanding to chart ways to better address adolescents’ privacy needs and rights as well as society’s broader privacy interests. It argues that privacy actually is an inherently social phenomenon, one that can and must be shaped more effectively.Less
The right to privacy figures prominently in popular discourse and law. Its popularity, however, is not matched by the respect it receives. A close look at empirical understandings of privacy, how it shapes development, and how privacy itself can be shaped, provides important lessons for addressing the critical juncture facing privacy rights and privacy itself. To increase respect for privacy and foster privacy’s effective outcomes, society must capitalize on opportunities to shape adolescents’ use of privacy. Yet, as currently developed, the legal system has difficulty recognizing adolescents’ privacy rights and supporting systems that would shape adolescents’ skills and abilities in ways that would foster respect for privacy. As a result, the system fails to address the needs of adolescents and society. The upshot is that a developmental understanding of privacy essentially asks that the legal system take an entirely different approach to adolescents’ privacy. This book provides the foundation for understanding privacy rights and how they relate to adolescents. It then explores the place of privacy in adolescent development and builds on that understanding to chart ways to better address adolescents’ privacy needs and rights as well as society’s broader privacy interests. It argues that privacy actually is an inherently social phenomenon, one that can and must be shaped more effectively.
Ann Hagell, Seija Sandberg, and Robert Macdonald
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9781447301042
- eISBN:
- 9781447307242
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447301042.003.0003
- Subject:
- Social Work, Children and Families
This chapter asks whether the increase in adolescent mental health problems has been accompanied by an increase in stress. Commentators have tended to use the evidence of rising levels of anxiety and ...
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This chapter asks whether the increase in adolescent mental health problems has been accompanied by an increase in stress. Commentators have tended to use the evidence of rising levels of anxiety and depression as evidence that stress has risen, but this confuses mental health and stress and creates a tautology. This chapter unpicks some of the conceptual and research challenges in this area, and concludes that stress is a particularly salient construct in adolescence that is clearly related to mental health outcomes. However, despite widespread assumptions, there are no good, repeated surveys of adolescent stressors in the UK over the last three decades, and much of the material on stress simply buys into the zeitgeist rather than challenging it. Implications for further research are provided.Less
This chapter asks whether the increase in adolescent mental health problems has been accompanied by an increase in stress. Commentators have tended to use the evidence of rising levels of anxiety and depression as evidence that stress has risen, but this confuses mental health and stress and creates a tautology. This chapter unpicks some of the conceptual and research challenges in this area, and concludes that stress is a particularly salient construct in adolescence that is clearly related to mental health outcomes. However, despite widespread assumptions, there are no good, repeated surveys of adolescent stressors in the UK over the last three decades, and much of the material on stress simply buys into the zeitgeist rather than challenging it. Implications for further research are provided.
Linda A. Parker
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- September 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780262035798
- eISBN:
- 9780262338448
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262035798.003.0004
- Subject:
- Neuroscience, Research and Theory
Clearly the majority of people who use marijuana do not develop schizophrenia. Yet, the human literature suggests that there is a modest association between cannabis exposure (particularly in ...
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Clearly the majority of people who use marijuana do not develop schizophrenia. Yet, the human literature suggests that there is a modest association between cannabis exposure (particularly in adolescence) and later development of schizophrenia--whether or not this association is causal is hotly debated. This chapter reviews some of the evidence for and against such a causal relationship. The chapter concludes with the suggestion that individuals with a family history of schizophrenia, with prodromal symptoms, or who have experienced discreet episodes of psychosis related to cannabis use, may be best served not using THC-predominant marijuana.Less
Clearly the majority of people who use marijuana do not develop schizophrenia. Yet, the human literature suggests that there is a modest association between cannabis exposure (particularly in adolescence) and later development of schizophrenia--whether or not this association is causal is hotly debated. This chapter reviews some of the evidence for and against such a causal relationship. The chapter concludes with the suggestion that individuals with a family history of schizophrenia, with prodromal symptoms, or who have experienced discreet episodes of psychosis related to cannabis use, may be best served not using THC-predominant marijuana.
Nick Levey and Holly Harper
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781496806444
- eISBN:
- 9781496806482
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781496806444.003.0007
- Subject:
- Literature, 20th-century and Contemporary Literature
This essay begins fittingly with the line “If there’s one thing you can depend upon during the zombie apocalypse, it’s that you won’t have to face it alone.” In this essay, Levey and Harper examine ...
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This essay begins fittingly with the line “If there’s one thing you can depend upon during the zombie apocalypse, it’s that you won’t have to face it alone.” In this essay, Levey and Harper examine the importance of group dynamics in contemporary teen novels that concentrate on surviving zombie invasions. Focusing on two recently published horror novels popular among teens, Charlie Higson’s The Enemy and Michael Grant’s Gone, Levey and Harper examine the “considerations of group consciousness and democratic dynamics” in the texts, noting that such attention to the group is a departure from previous teen novels that had focused more on negotiations of individual identity (this also marks a difference from the novels McCort examines, suggesting the different approach toward identity taken by those writing for older adolescents). For Levey and Harper, the importance of these particular novels and their treatment of the individual in relation to the group is twofold: they ask the characters therein to work through personal issues that are detrimental to the survival of the group and they call for social re-evaluation. In the worlds of The Enemy and Gone, young adult readers experience a close encounter with monstrous humanity, one that allows them to vicariously experience how others deal with threats external to their circles, as well as the threats that lie within themselves and their own peer groups.Less
This essay begins fittingly with the line “If there’s one thing you can depend upon during the zombie apocalypse, it’s that you won’t have to face it alone.” In this essay, Levey and Harper examine the importance of group dynamics in contemporary teen novels that concentrate on surviving zombie invasions. Focusing on two recently published horror novels popular among teens, Charlie Higson’s The Enemy and Michael Grant’s Gone, Levey and Harper examine the “considerations of group consciousness and democratic dynamics” in the texts, noting that such attention to the group is a departure from previous teen novels that had focused more on negotiations of individual identity (this also marks a difference from the novels McCort examines, suggesting the different approach toward identity taken by those writing for older adolescents). For Levey and Harper, the importance of these particular novels and their treatment of the individual in relation to the group is twofold: they ask the characters therein to work through personal issues that are detrimental to the survival of the group and they call for social re-evaluation. In the worlds of The Enemy and Gone, young adult readers experience a close encounter with monstrous humanity, one that allows them to vicariously experience how others deal with threats external to their circles, as well as the threats that lie within themselves and their own peer groups.
Katherine Irwin and Karen Umemoto
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780520283022
- eISBN:
- 9780520958883
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520283022.003.0008
- Subject:
- Sociology, Law, Crime and Deviance
Where we introduced this book with Angel’s and Benny’s narratives, we complete the adolescent journey for these teens and others in chapter seven. In this chapter, we examine the different ways that ...
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Where we introduced this book with Angel’s and Benny’s narratives, we complete the adolescent journey for these teens and others in chapter seven. In this chapter, we examine the different ways that youth prepared for young adulthood. Considering that several teens in this study grew up with chaotic circumstances -- some facing homelessness, multiple foster home placements, and incarceration as teens -- we look at whether supportive and capable adults can intervene in teens’ lives to help them as they prepare for adulthood. Just as gender shaped girls’ and boys’ childhood and teen experiences, transitions out of adolescence differed by gender as the pressures, constraints, and opportunities ranged for girls and boys.Less
Where we introduced this book with Angel’s and Benny’s narratives, we complete the adolescent journey for these teens and others in chapter seven. In this chapter, we examine the different ways that youth prepared for young adulthood. Considering that several teens in this study grew up with chaotic circumstances -- some facing homelessness, multiple foster home placements, and incarceration as teens -- we look at whether supportive and capable adults can intervene in teens’ lives to help them as they prepare for adulthood. Just as gender shaped girls’ and boys’ childhood and teen experiences, transitions out of adolescence differed by gender as the pressures, constraints, and opportunities ranged for girls and boys.
Hannah Priest
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- January 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780719089343
- eISBN:
- 9781781708743
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719089343.003.0008
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
Written in 1989, Suzy McKee Charnas’s short story ‘Boobs’ presents adolescent Kelsey, who develops breasts and starts her periods before anyone else in her class. As she struggles to deal with the ...
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Written in 1989, Suzy McKee Charnas’s short story ‘Boobs’ presents adolescent Kelsey, who develops breasts and starts her periods before anyone else in her class. As she struggles to deal with the adult world of sexual violence, disease and pregnancy that her maturation seems to entail, she finds herself transforming nightly into a werewolf. This is not a straightforward paralleling of puberty with lycanthropy; the story rather explores the complexities of young adult identity formation. This chapter begins with an analysis of Charnas’s text, and explores a number of young adult paranormal romance novels that have been published in subsequent years. The chapter argues that, in the worlds of these fantasy novels, flux, mutability and change are presented as necessary for identity formation and development. As a counterpoint to this transformative model of identity construction stands Leah Clearwater, the sole female werewolf in Stephenie Meyer’s Twilight series. The chapter concludes by arguing that to ‘be’ a teen werewolf is not necessarily a liberating state in YA fiction; rather, it is the state of ‘becoming-werewolf’, with the concomitant choice, will and self-expression, which is to be desired.Less
Written in 1989, Suzy McKee Charnas’s short story ‘Boobs’ presents adolescent Kelsey, who develops breasts and starts her periods before anyone else in her class. As she struggles to deal with the adult world of sexual violence, disease and pregnancy that her maturation seems to entail, she finds herself transforming nightly into a werewolf. This is not a straightforward paralleling of puberty with lycanthropy; the story rather explores the complexities of young adult identity formation. This chapter begins with an analysis of Charnas’s text, and explores a number of young adult paranormal romance novels that have been published in subsequent years. The chapter argues that, in the worlds of these fantasy novels, flux, mutability and change are presented as necessary for identity formation and development. As a counterpoint to this transformative model of identity construction stands Leah Clearwater, the sole female werewolf in Stephenie Meyer’s Twilight series. The chapter concludes by arguing that to ‘be’ a teen werewolf is not necessarily a liberating state in YA fiction; rather, it is the state of ‘becoming-werewolf’, with the concomitant choice, will and self-expression, which is to be desired.
C. D. C. Reeve
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780195384512
- eISBN:
- 9780199350452
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195384512.003.0013
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Moral Philosophy, General
Krzystof Kieslowski’s A Short Film deals with the sixth commandment, yet the film seems to be about voyeurism not adultery. The connection is made in Matthew 5.27-8, where Christ broadens the notion ...
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Krzystof Kieslowski’s A Short Film deals with the sixth commandment, yet the film seems to be about voyeurism not adultery. The connection is made in Matthew 5.27-8, where Christ broadens the notion of adultery to include looking at a woman with lust. In the course of A Short Film, Tomek’s adolescent, lustful, and masturbatory looking at Magda is transmuted into interpersonal love, so that the look of love—how love looks to people and at them—becomes the film’s subject. The power of love to transform is real, but so too are the personal and social obstacles to transformation. People are caught in circles of repetition and convention, yet by understanding the role that choice, necessity, and luck play in them, they can sometimes make them serve life.Less
Krzystof Kieslowski’s A Short Film deals with the sixth commandment, yet the film seems to be about voyeurism not adultery. The connection is made in Matthew 5.27-8, where Christ broadens the notion of adultery to include looking at a woman with lust. In the course of A Short Film, Tomek’s adolescent, lustful, and masturbatory looking at Magda is transmuted into interpersonal love, so that the look of love—how love looks to people and at them—becomes the film’s subject. The power of love to transform is real, but so too are the personal and social obstacles to transformation. People are caught in circles of repetition and convention, yet by understanding the role that choice, necessity, and luck play in them, they can sometimes make them serve life.
Nicholas L. Syrett
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9781469629537
- eISBN:
- 9781469629551
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469629537.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, European Medieval History
As reformers and lawmakers raised the age of consent to marriage and made it more difficult for minors to become husbands and wives, young people reacted by marrying extralegally. From the late ...
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As reformers and lawmakers raised the age of consent to marriage and made it more difficult for minors to become husbands and wives, young people reacted by marrying extralegally. From the late nineteenth century through the first three decades of the twentieth, the rates of minor marriage increased, in part, this chapter argues, because marriage became one way of legaly claiming freedom and independence from parents. Marriage emancipated children, it let them escape from abusive homes, keep their wages or inheritances, and have sex without being prosecuted under newly passed statutory rape laws. It allowed them to contest their status as children, itself newly enshrined in the law in a whole host of Progressive Era reforms targeting childhod and adolescence. At the same time the legal device of marriage could also trap girls in abusive and exploitative relationships where they had little recourse to legal protection.Less
As reformers and lawmakers raised the age of consent to marriage and made it more difficult for minors to become husbands and wives, young people reacted by marrying extralegally. From the late nineteenth century through the first three decades of the twentieth, the rates of minor marriage increased, in part, this chapter argues, because marriage became one way of legaly claiming freedom and independence from parents. Marriage emancipated children, it let them escape from abusive homes, keep their wages or inheritances, and have sex without being prosecuted under newly passed statutory rape laws. It allowed them to contest their status as children, itself newly enshrined in the law in a whole host of Progressive Era reforms targeting childhod and adolescence. At the same time the legal device of marriage could also trap girls in abusive and exploitative relationships where they had little recourse to legal protection.
Peter Gluckman, Alan Beedle, Tatjana Buklijas, Felicia Low, and Mark Hanson
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780199663927
- eISBN:
- 9780191823206
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199663927.003.0005
- Subject:
- Biology, Evolutionary Biology / Genetics
Life-history theory describes why species have particular patterns of growth, development, reproduction, and mortality, determined by an evolutionarily optimized allocation of resources to maximize ...
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Life-history theory describes why species have particular patterns of growth, development, reproduction, and mortality, determined by an evolutionarily optimized allocation of resources to maximize reproductive success. This requires trade-offs, such as age versus size at maturity, number versus quality of offspring, current versus future reproduction, and fecundity versus lifespan. Humans are characterized by large brains and long lives, as well as by a singleton pregnancy, long post-natal nutritional dependency, a prolonged juvenile period, delayed sexual maturity, and modest sexual dimorphism. Females terminate reproduction before the end of their intrinsic lifespan. Humans produce few offspring, which benefit from high parental investment and a high rate of survival to adulthood. Disconnection between the age of biological puberty and acceptance as an adult can lead to problems of adolescence. Evolutionary considerations can explain the unusual characteristics of human life history, including the long childhood phase, the pubertal growth spurt, and menopause.Less
Life-history theory describes why species have particular patterns of growth, development, reproduction, and mortality, determined by an evolutionarily optimized allocation of resources to maximize reproductive success. This requires trade-offs, such as age versus size at maturity, number versus quality of offspring, current versus future reproduction, and fecundity versus lifespan. Humans are characterized by large brains and long lives, as well as by a singleton pregnancy, long post-natal nutritional dependency, a prolonged juvenile period, delayed sexual maturity, and modest sexual dimorphism. Females terminate reproduction before the end of their intrinsic lifespan. Humans produce few offspring, which benefit from high parental investment and a high rate of survival to adulthood. Disconnection between the age of biological puberty and acceptance as an adult can lead to problems of adolescence. Evolutionary considerations can explain the unusual characteristics of human life history, including the long childhood phase, the pubertal growth spurt, and menopause.
Roger J. R. Levesque
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780190460792
- eISBN:
- 9780190460815
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190460792.003.0001
- Subject:
- Psychology, Forensic Psychology
This chapter introduces the urgent need to develop a coherent approach to respecting privacy’s appropriate place in our lives by taking a developmental-science view of the right to privacy. It ...
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This chapter introduces the urgent need to develop a coherent approach to respecting privacy’s appropriate place in our lives by taking a developmental-science view of the right to privacy. It reveals the book’s argument that the nature of the right to privacy has undergone rapid transformation, and that transformation requires a different approach to protecting what we have come to understand as privacy. It requires what society typically has done to address all other social issues—looked toward youth. This means understanding the place of privacy in adolescence and how society can shape the experience of privacy and its outcomes. It means understanding how the adolescent period triggers the manner in which people will use, expect, and respect privacy. It means thinking through how the legal system could be harnessed to shape adolescents’ experiences critical to protecting privacy in ways that would enhance individual well-being and societal functioning.Less
This chapter introduces the urgent need to develop a coherent approach to respecting privacy’s appropriate place in our lives by taking a developmental-science view of the right to privacy. It reveals the book’s argument that the nature of the right to privacy has undergone rapid transformation, and that transformation requires a different approach to protecting what we have come to understand as privacy. It requires what society typically has done to address all other social issues—looked toward youth. This means understanding the place of privacy in adolescence and how society can shape the experience of privacy and its outcomes. It means understanding how the adolescent period triggers the manner in which people will use, expect, and respect privacy. It means thinking through how the legal system could be harnessed to shape adolescents’ experiences critical to protecting privacy in ways that would enhance individual well-being and societal functioning.
Roger J. R. Levesque
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780190460792
- eISBN:
- 9780190460815
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190460792.003.0002
- Subject:
- Psychology, Forensic Psychology
This chapter discusses decisional privacy rights—rights supporting our need to act autonomously and make life-defining choices. However flawed in other respects, some of the legal developments in ...
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This chapter discusses decisional privacy rights—rights supporting our need to act autonomously and make life-defining choices. However flawed in other respects, some of the legal developments in this area actually reveal the most fidelity to constitutional principles in their approach to adolescents’ rights. But, rights claims in the context of the parent-controlled family reveal that the legal system fails to account for the parent–child relationship in a meaningful manner. The legal system increasingly defines decisional privacy rights as liberties, and adolescents’ liberties have a long tradition of being controlled by their parents. This development creates important obstacles to addressing adolescents’ needs for decisional privacy.Less
This chapter discusses decisional privacy rights—rights supporting our need to act autonomously and make life-defining choices. However flawed in other respects, some of the legal developments in this area actually reveal the most fidelity to constitutional principles in their approach to adolescents’ rights. But, rights claims in the context of the parent-controlled family reveal that the legal system fails to account for the parent–child relationship in a meaningful manner. The legal system increasingly defines decisional privacy rights as liberties, and adolescents’ liberties have a long tradition of being controlled by their parents. This development creates important obstacles to addressing adolescents’ needs for decisional privacy.
Roger J. R. Levesque
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780190460792
- eISBN:
- 9780190460815
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190460792.003.0003
- Subject:
- Psychology, Forensic Psychology
This chapter discusses spatial privacy rights—rights that protect from illegitimate invasions our physical and psychological integrity, our inherent sense of dignity. This area of law relies heavily ...
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This chapter discusses spatial privacy rights—rights that protect from illegitimate invasions our physical and psychological integrity, our inherent sense of dignity. This area of law relies heavily on well-developed rights, including due process rights and those relating to searches and seizures. Doctrine articulates well the nature of required procedures and protections for adults, whereas those relating to adolescents remain to be developed fully. Overall, the analysis reveals how the Court’s approach to addressing privacy prevents it from giving proper consideration to adolescents’ experiences. The Court increasingly returns to the notion that adolescents generally have reduced spatial privacy rights, if they have any.Less
This chapter discusses spatial privacy rights—rights that protect from illegitimate invasions our physical and psychological integrity, our inherent sense of dignity. This area of law relies heavily on well-developed rights, including due process rights and those relating to searches and seizures. Doctrine articulates well the nature of required procedures and protections for adults, whereas those relating to adolescents remain to be developed fully. Overall, the analysis reveals how the Court’s approach to addressing privacy prevents it from giving proper consideration to adolescents’ experiences. The Court increasingly returns to the notion that adolescents generally have reduced spatial privacy rights, if they have any.
Roger J. R. Levesque
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780190460792
- eISBN:
- 9780190460815
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190460792.003.0004
- Subject:
- Psychology, Forensic Psychology
This chapter focuses on informational privacy rights—the ability to control the collection, use, and disclosure of one’s personal information. For this strand of privacy, the analysis reveals that ...
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This chapter focuses on informational privacy rights—the ability to control the collection, use, and disclosure of one’s personal information. For this strand of privacy, the analysis reveals that the Court generally begins with the assumption that information should be open to exchange. This openness can become particularly problematic for adolescents who might benefit from increased protection, including protection from disclosure as well as protection against efforts to curb their access to information. How the Court recently has addressed adolescents’ needed protections provides a string of examples that may be used to influence other aspects of adolescents’ informational privacy rights. But, overall, this area of law reveals weak protections for adolescents’ informational privacy.Less
This chapter focuses on informational privacy rights—the ability to control the collection, use, and disclosure of one’s personal information. For this strand of privacy, the analysis reveals that the Court generally begins with the assumption that information should be open to exchange. This openness can become particularly problematic for adolescents who might benefit from increased protection, including protection from disclosure as well as protection against efforts to curb their access to information. How the Court recently has addressed adolescents’ needed protections provides a string of examples that may be used to influence other aspects of adolescents’ informational privacy rights. But, overall, this area of law reveals weak protections for adolescents’ informational privacy.
Samantha London
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- November 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199936151
- eISBN:
- 9780190204662
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199936151.003.0012
- Subject:
- Music, Popular, History, American
When Mad Men debuted, it was lavished with praise for its authenticity in portraying American life in the 1960s. Created by Matthew Weiner, Mad Men excavates the trying social issues from this ...
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When Mad Men debuted, it was lavished with praise for its authenticity in portraying American life in the 1960s. Created by Matthew Weiner, Mad Men excavates the trying social issues from this tumultuous time—civil rights, gender roles, and sexual liberation—and renders them as real issues in the lives of its complex characters, paying special attention to that era’s emerging twentysomethings. The show overflows with these young adults who enjoy an extended adolescent period, where they have affairs, try out new ideologies, and resist adulthood. This chapter examines two early scenes from Mad Men to untangle the complexities of this generation and their revolutions. Both scenes use versions of “The Twist” underneath activities of Mad Men’s twentysomethings, and through devices both explicit and implicit, distill the Zeitgeist of this generation and encapsulate the enormity of the adolescent wave sweeping through the 1960s that helped shape our understanding of the Sixties.Less
When Mad Men debuted, it was lavished with praise for its authenticity in portraying American life in the 1960s. Created by Matthew Weiner, Mad Men excavates the trying social issues from this tumultuous time—civil rights, gender roles, and sexual liberation—and renders them as real issues in the lives of its complex characters, paying special attention to that era’s emerging twentysomethings. The show overflows with these young adults who enjoy an extended adolescent period, where they have affairs, try out new ideologies, and resist adulthood. This chapter examines two early scenes from Mad Men to untangle the complexities of this generation and their revolutions. Both scenes use versions of “The Twist” underneath activities of Mad Men’s twentysomethings, and through devices both explicit and implicit, distill the Zeitgeist of this generation and encapsulate the enormity of the adolescent wave sweeping through the 1960s that helped shape our understanding of the Sixties.
Daniel Aureliano Newman
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- September 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781474439619
- eISBN:
- 9781474459716
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781474439619.003.0006
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
This chapter examines the only Bildungsroman written by Aldous Huxley, one of foremost modernist advocates of Bildung, and one of its most intimately linked with contemporary biology. Reviewers and ...
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This chapter examines the only Bildungsroman written by Aldous Huxley, one of foremost modernist advocates of Bildung, and one of its most intimately linked with contemporary biology. Reviewers and critics have long struggled to make sense of the disorienting and seemingly unmotivated use of anachrony in Eyeless in Gaza, which I attribute to Huxley’s careful study of biological studies by his brother Julian (among others) on the embryology, endocrinology, and evolutionary biology of frogs and salamanders. Central to Huxley’s search for full, harmonious development is the phenomenon of neoteny (the retention of juvenile characteristics into sexual maturity); once interpreted as a pathological failure of development, neoteny was by the 1920s heralded as the biological key to human evolutionary and social success.Less
This chapter examines the only Bildungsroman written by Aldous Huxley, one of foremost modernist advocates of Bildung, and one of its most intimately linked with contemporary biology. Reviewers and critics have long struggled to make sense of the disorienting and seemingly unmotivated use of anachrony in Eyeless in Gaza, which I attribute to Huxley’s careful study of biological studies by his brother Julian (among others) on the embryology, endocrinology, and evolutionary biology of frogs and salamanders. Central to Huxley’s search for full, harmonious development is the phenomenon of neoteny (the retention of juvenile characteristics into sexual maturity); once interpreted as a pathological failure of development, neoteny was by the 1920s heralded as the biological key to human evolutionary and social success.
