P. J. Marshall (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780197263518
- eISBN:
- 9780191734021
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197263518.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Cultural History
This volume contains sixteen lectures given to the National Academy for the Humanities and Social Sciences in 2004. The topical issues debated in this volume include the patenting of AIDS drugs, the ...
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This volume contains sixteen lectures given to the National Academy for the Humanities and Social Sciences in 2004. The topical issues debated in this volume include the patenting of AIDS drugs, the future pensions crisis (a lecture given by the Governor of the Bank of England), Britain's universities, and Pan-Islam. There are studies of Shakespeare, Pope, Montaigne, Robert Graves, and William Faulkner. And there are lectures on the Inquisition, empires in history, and the journey towards spiritual fulfillment.Less
This volume contains sixteen lectures given to the National Academy for the Humanities and Social Sciences in 2004. The topical issues debated in this volume include the patenting of AIDS drugs, the future pensions crisis (a lecture given by the Governor of the Bank of England), Britain's universities, and Pan-Islam. There are studies of Shakespeare, Pope, Montaigne, Robert Graves, and William Faulkner. And there are lectures on the Inquisition, empires in history, and the journey towards spiritual fulfillment.
Joseph Harris
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781501709968
- eISBN:
- 9781501714832
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9781501709968.003.0006
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health
While Chapter 2 explored the historic contributions of the Rural Doctors’ Movement to universal healthcare in Thailand, this chapter explores the critical role played by the Drug Study Group and ...
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While Chapter 2 explored the historic contributions of the Rural Doctors’ Movement to universal healthcare in Thailand, this chapter explores the critical role played by the Drug Study Group and activist professionals in the Ministry of Public Health in expanding access to AIDS medication in Thailand. In a political context that increasingly placed importance on citizens’ rights, the chapter shows how this professional movement drew on its legal knowledge to empower AIDS NGOs who used the courts to challenge pharmaceutical companies; to promote the government’s use of generic drugs; to build state (and civil society) capacity to address concerns related to the drugs’ cost; and to resist pressures from the United States and powerful drug companies.Less
While Chapter 2 explored the historic contributions of the Rural Doctors’ Movement to universal healthcare in Thailand, this chapter explores the critical role played by the Drug Study Group and activist professionals in the Ministry of Public Health in expanding access to AIDS medication in Thailand. In a political context that increasingly placed importance on citizens’ rights, the chapter shows how this professional movement drew on its legal knowledge to empower AIDS NGOs who used the courts to challenge pharmaceutical companies; to promote the government’s use of generic drugs; to build state (and civil society) capacity to address concerns related to the drugs’ cost; and to resist pressures from the United States and powerful drug companies.
Nitsan Chorev
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780691197845
- eISBN:
- 9780691198873
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691197845.003.0006
- Subject:
- Sociology, Economic Sociology
This chapter looks at the conditions that led pharmaceutical manufacturers in Kenya to invest in the production of a broader range of drugs, and to improve quality standards beyond what was required ...
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This chapter looks at the conditions that led pharmaceutical manufacturers in Kenya to invest in the production of a broader range of drugs, and to improve quality standards beyond what was required by local regulations. It begins with the contentious negotiations over Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), which resulted in donors providing to some developing countries not only markets, as they did in the 1980s, but also monitoring and mentoring. In Kenya, a new market of interest to local manufacturers, for anti-AIDS and antimalarial drugs, was created when the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria—among other donors—did not a priori exclude local manufacturers from tenders. To participate in these tenders, however, drugs manufacturers had to receive WHO prequalification (PQ) confirming that their drugs were produced following international, rather than only local, quality standards. This monitoring gave local producers an incentive to improve their manufacturing practices. In turn, development agencies offered training and other forms of mentoring—giving local producers the means to learn how to produce drugs following these higher quality standards.Less
This chapter looks at the conditions that led pharmaceutical manufacturers in Kenya to invest in the production of a broader range of drugs, and to improve quality standards beyond what was required by local regulations. It begins with the contentious negotiations over Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), which resulted in donors providing to some developing countries not only markets, as they did in the 1980s, but also monitoring and mentoring. In Kenya, a new market of interest to local manufacturers, for anti-AIDS and antimalarial drugs, was created when the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria—among other donors—did not a priori exclude local manufacturers from tenders. To participate in these tenders, however, drugs manufacturers had to receive WHO prequalification (PQ) confirming that their drugs were produced following international, rather than only local, quality standards. This monitoring gave local producers an incentive to improve their manufacturing practices. In turn, development agencies offered training and other forms of mentoring—giving local producers the means to learn how to produce drugs following these higher quality standards.
