Alexander L. Bieri
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2015
- ISBN:
- 9781781381373
- eISBN:
- 9781781384886
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9781781381373.003.0010
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Business History
If the 19th Century was about technological advances, the 20th Century was one during which a societal upheaval started whose effects remain unforeseeable. Most of humanity’s important inventions ...
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If the 19th Century was about technological advances, the 20th Century was one during which a societal upheaval started whose effects remain unforeseeable. Most of humanity’s important inventions were conceived in the 19th Century, but this was a reactionary time in terms of societal change, seeing the reintroduction of a French monarchy, Victorianism in Britain, and Biedermeier in Germany. Eventually, society followed the 20th Century’s technological advances, with much resulting brutality. Cataclysmic changes during the past century still influence society today and are accelerated by new communication forms. Nevertheless, most of our institutions were established by the 19th Century, in which society was still a Ständegesellschaft (estate-based), having emerged from feudalism. These changes have especially powerful effects on museology, collections, and archives – especially those of private corporations. This article aims to give insight into the route archives can take to meet tomorrow’s demands. It also explains why archives are of growing importance, especially for young people.Less
If the 19th Century was about technological advances, the 20th Century was one during which a societal upheaval started whose effects remain unforeseeable. Most of humanity’s important inventions were conceived in the 19th Century, but this was a reactionary time in terms of societal change, seeing the reintroduction of a French monarchy, Victorianism in Britain, and Biedermeier in Germany. Eventually, society followed the 20th Century’s technological advances, with much resulting brutality. Cataclysmic changes during the past century still influence society today and are accelerated by new communication forms. Nevertheless, most of our institutions were established by the 19th Century, in which society was still a Ständegesellschaft (estate-based), having emerged from feudalism. These changes have especially powerful effects on museology, collections, and archives – especially those of private corporations. This article aims to give insight into the route archives can take to meet tomorrow’s demands. It also explains why archives are of growing importance, especially for young people.
Emily Suzanne Clark
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9781469628783
- eISBN:
- 9781469628806
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469628783.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Religious Studies
In the midst of a nineteenth-century boom in spiritual experimentation, the Cercle Harmonique, a remarkable group of African-descended men, practiced Spiritualism in heavily Catholic New Orleans from ...
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In the midst of a nineteenth-century boom in spiritual experimentation, the Cercle Harmonique, a remarkable group of African-descended men, practiced Spiritualism in heavily Catholic New Orleans from just before the Civil War to the end of Reconstruction. In this first comprehensive history of the Cercle, Emily Suzanne Clark illuminates how highly diverse religious practices wind in significant ways through American life, culture, and history. Clark shows that the beliefs and practices of Spiritualism helped Afro-Creoles mediate the political and social changes in New Orleans, as free blacks suffered increasingly restrictive laws and then met with violent resistance to suffrage and racial equality. Drawing on fascinating records of actual séance practices, the lives of the mediums, and larger city-wide and national contexts, Clark reveals how the messages that the Cercle received from the spirit world offered its members rich religious experiences as well as a forum for political activism inspired by republican ideals. Messages from departed souls including François Rabelais, Abraham Lincoln, John Brown, Robert E. Lee, Emanuel Swedenborg, and even Confucius discussed government structures, the moral progress of humanity, and equality. The Afro-Creole Spiritualists were encouraged to continue struggling for justice in a new world where “bright” spirits would replace raced bodies.Less
In the midst of a nineteenth-century boom in spiritual experimentation, the Cercle Harmonique, a remarkable group of African-descended men, practiced Spiritualism in heavily Catholic New Orleans from just before the Civil War to the end of Reconstruction. In this first comprehensive history of the Cercle, Emily Suzanne Clark illuminates how highly diverse religious practices wind in significant ways through American life, culture, and history. Clark shows that the beliefs and practices of Spiritualism helped Afro-Creoles mediate the political and social changes in New Orleans, as free blacks suffered increasingly restrictive laws and then met with violent resistance to suffrage and racial equality. Drawing on fascinating records of actual séance practices, the lives of the mediums, and larger city-wide and national contexts, Clark reveals how the messages that the Cercle received from the spirit world offered its members rich religious experiences as well as a forum for political activism inspired by republican ideals. Messages from departed souls including François Rabelais, Abraham Lincoln, John Brown, Robert E. Lee, Emanuel Swedenborg, and even Confucius discussed government structures, the moral progress of humanity, and equality. The Afro-Creole Spiritualists were encouraged to continue struggling for justice in a new world where “bright” spirits would replace raced bodies.
Michael J. Goleman
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781496812049
- eISBN:
- 9781496812087
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781496812049.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, American History: Civil War
Your Heritage Will Still Remain details how Mississippians constructed their social identity in the aftermath of the crises that transformed the state beginning with the sectional conflict, Civil ...
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Your Heritage Will Still Remain details how Mississippians constructed their social identity in the aftermath of the crises that transformed the state beginning with the sectional conflict, Civil War, and Reconstruction, and finally ending in the late nineteenth century. The social identity studied in this book focuses primarily on how Mississippians thought of their place within a national context, whether as Americans, Confederates, or both. During the period in question, radical transformations within the state forced Mississippians to embrace, deny, or rethink their standing within the Union. Tracing the evolution of Mississippians’ social identity from 1850 through the end of the decade uncovers why white Mississippians felt the need to create the Lost Cause legend and shaped the way they constructed it. At the same time, black Mississippians tried to etch their place within the Union and as part of American society, yet continually faced white supremacist backlash. Your Heritage Will Still Remain offers insights into the creation of Mississippi’s Lost Cause and black social identity and how those cultural hallmarks continue to impact the state into the twenty-first century.Less
Your Heritage Will Still Remain details how Mississippians constructed their social identity in the aftermath of the crises that transformed the state beginning with the sectional conflict, Civil War, and Reconstruction, and finally ending in the late nineteenth century. The social identity studied in this book focuses primarily on how Mississippians thought of their place within a national context, whether as Americans, Confederates, or both. During the period in question, radical transformations within the state forced Mississippians to embrace, deny, or rethink their standing within the Union. Tracing the evolution of Mississippians’ social identity from 1850 through the end of the decade uncovers why white Mississippians felt the need to create the Lost Cause legend and shaped the way they constructed it. At the same time, black Mississippians tried to etch their place within the Union and as part of American society, yet continually faced white supremacist backlash. Your Heritage Will Still Remain offers insights into the creation of Mississippi’s Lost Cause and black social identity and how those cultural hallmarks continue to impact the state into the twenty-first century.
AJ. Arnold and Robert G. Greenhill
- Published in print:
- 1994
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780969588542
- eISBN:
- 9781786944887
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9780969588542.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, Maritime History
This essay discusses the negotiation of postal contracts between the government and the private sector, and asks whether the state provided private sector shipping companies with excess returns. The ...
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This essay discusses the negotiation of postal contracts between the government and the private sector, and asks whether the state provided private sector shipping companies with excess returns. The essay also describes the operation of Royal Mail’s mail contracts and the development of its non-contract revenues; its commercial and financial returns, and finally compares its results with financial returns in the second half of the 19th century.Less
This essay discusses the negotiation of postal contracts between the government and the private sector, and asks whether the state provided private sector shipping companies with excess returns. The essay also describes the operation of Royal Mail’s mail contracts and the development of its non-contract revenues; its commercial and financial returns, and finally compares its results with financial returns in the second half of the 19th century.
Lewis Johnman and Hugh Murphy
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780973893403
- eISBN:
- 9781786944641
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9780973893403.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Maritime History
This work studies the history of two major Scottish shipbuilding firms based on the River Clyde - Scotts Shipbuilding and Engineering Company and Lithgows Limited. It traces each firm’s origin, ...
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This work studies the history of two major Scottish shipbuilding firms based on the River Clyde - Scotts Shipbuilding and Engineering Company and Lithgows Limited. It traces each firm’s origin, success, decline, and collapse, and places the events into the historical context of maritime Britain. The aim is to enhance the academic understanding of the cause and effect of the decline of the British shipbuilding industry, delving beyond the factors of poor industrial relations, international market conditions, and entrepreneurial failure in search of further answers. As a private company, Lithgows Limited provides useful insights into company management outside of state control. The authors base their analysis on the catalogued volumes of Scotts and Lithgows records, though due to the large number of gaps in the data, they also conducted interviews with major players in each company from the post-war period. Public, business, and banking records also provide supplementary material. The book is separated into eight chapters, plus a concluding ninth, an appendix listing ships built by Scott Lithgow Limited between 1970-1987, and a select bibliography.Less
This work studies the history of two major Scottish shipbuilding firms based on the River Clyde - Scotts Shipbuilding and Engineering Company and Lithgows Limited. It traces each firm’s origin, success, decline, and collapse, and places the events into the historical context of maritime Britain. The aim is to enhance the academic understanding of the cause and effect of the decline of the British shipbuilding industry, delving beyond the factors of poor industrial relations, international market conditions, and entrepreneurial failure in search of further answers. As a private company, Lithgows Limited provides useful insights into company management outside of state control. The authors base their analysis on the catalogued volumes of Scotts and Lithgows records, though due to the large number of gaps in the data, they also conducted interviews with major players in each company from the post-war period. Public, business, and banking records also provide supplementary material. The book is separated into eight chapters, plus a concluding ninth, an appendix listing ships built by Scott Lithgow Limited between 1970-1987, and a select bibliography.
Pamila Gupta
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- January 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780719090615
- eISBN:
- 9781781708002
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719090615.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, European Early Modern History
Ritual practice in 1859 continued the Portuguese pattern of staging "Solemn Expositions" that had been initiated in 1782 amidst circulating rumours that Xavier's corpse had been removed by members of ...
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Ritual practice in 1859 continued the Portuguese pattern of staging "Solemn Expositions" that had been initiated in 1782 amidst circulating rumours that Xavier's corpse had been removed by members of the Society of Jesus in the aftermath of their expulsion from Goa in 1759. However, seventy-seven years later, ritual was no longer about securing this saint's location in Goa—the keys to his casket that had been so carefully guarded throughout the 18th century first by the Jesuits and then by colonial officials were now inexplicably lost and the "management" of his corpse less a concern for the Estado da Índia, which was now experiencing even more acutely its own precarious position in Goa. The fifth chapter explores the ritual dimensions of the "Second Solemn Exposition" of 1859 that was staged in the face of a ruinous state that was increasingly uncertain about the longevity of its colonial rule given the dominating and competing presence of the British in India, and their slow but steady encroachment upon this Portuguese colony throughout the 19th century.Less
Ritual practice in 1859 continued the Portuguese pattern of staging "Solemn Expositions" that had been initiated in 1782 amidst circulating rumours that Xavier's corpse had been removed by members of the Society of Jesus in the aftermath of their expulsion from Goa in 1759. However, seventy-seven years later, ritual was no longer about securing this saint's location in Goa—the keys to his casket that had been so carefully guarded throughout the 18th century first by the Jesuits and then by colonial officials were now inexplicably lost and the "management" of his corpse less a concern for the Estado da Índia, which was now experiencing even more acutely its own precarious position in Goa. The fifth chapter explores the ritual dimensions of the "Second Solemn Exposition" of 1859 that was staged in the face of a ruinous state that was increasingly uncertain about the longevity of its colonial rule given the dominating and competing presence of the British in India, and their slow but steady encroachment upon this Portuguese colony throughout the 19th century.
Ralph Crane and Radhika Mohanram
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- May 2014
- ISBN:
- 9781846318962
- eISBN:
- 9781781380970
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9781846318962.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, World Literature
Within postcolonial studies, Britain’s long contact with India has been read generally only within the context of imperialism to inform our understanding of race, gender, identity, and power within ...
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Within postcolonial studies, Britain’s long contact with India has been read generally only within the context of imperialism to inform our understanding of race, gender, identity, and power within colonialism. Yet postcolonial interpretations that focus on such single dimensions of identity risk disregarding the sense of displacement, discontinuities, and discomforts that compromised everyday life for the British in India—the Anglo-Indians—during the Raj. Imperialism as Diaspora reconsiders the urgencies, governing principles, and modes of being of the Anglo-Indians by approaching Britain’s imperial relationship with India from new, interdisciplinary directions. Moving freely between the disciplines of literature, history, and art this new work offers readers a more nuanced and comprehensive understanding of the lives of Anglo-Indians. Focusing on the years between the Indian Mutiny of 1857 and Independence in1947—the period of the British Raj in India—Imperialism as Diaspora at once sets in motion the multidisciplinary fields of cultural and social history, art and iconography, and literary productions while carefully maintaining the tension between imperialism and diaspora in a ground-breaking reassessment of Anglo-India. The authors examine the seamless continuum between cultural history, the semiotics of art, and Anglo-Indian literary works. Specifically, they focus on the influence of the Sepoy Mutiny on Anglo-Indian identity; the trope of duty and the white man’s burden on the racialization of Anglo-India; the role of the missionary and the status of Christianity in India; and gender, love and contamination within mixed marriages. Less
Within postcolonial studies, Britain’s long contact with India has been read generally only within the context of imperialism to inform our understanding of race, gender, identity, and power within colonialism. Yet postcolonial interpretations that focus on such single dimensions of identity risk disregarding the sense of displacement, discontinuities, and discomforts that compromised everyday life for the British in India—the Anglo-Indians—during the Raj. Imperialism as Diaspora reconsiders the urgencies, governing principles, and modes of being of the Anglo-Indians by approaching Britain’s imperial relationship with India from new, interdisciplinary directions. Moving freely between the disciplines of literature, history, and art this new work offers readers a more nuanced and comprehensive understanding of the lives of Anglo-Indians. Focusing on the years between the Indian Mutiny of 1857 and Independence in1947—the period of the British Raj in India—Imperialism as Diaspora at once sets in motion the multidisciplinary fields of cultural and social history, art and iconography, and literary productions while carefully maintaining the tension between imperialism and diaspora in a ground-breaking reassessment of Anglo-India. The authors examine the seamless continuum between cultural history, the semiotics of art, and Anglo-Indian literary works. Specifically, they focus on the influence of the Sepoy Mutiny on Anglo-Indian identity; the trope of duty and the white man’s burden on the racialization of Anglo-India; the role of the missionary and the status of Christianity in India; and gender, love and contamination within mixed marriages.
Trevor Burnard
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780813044378
- eISBN:
- 9780813046471
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813044378.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, Cultural History
This historiographical chapter argues that, for all its many achievements, Atlantic History’s early modern fixation has exacerbated an unhelpful division between American colonial historians, who ...
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This historiographical chapter argues that, for all its many achievements, Atlantic History’s early modern fixation has exacerbated an unhelpful division between American colonial historians, who have been increasingly committed to Atlanto-centric perspectives, and colleagues working in the later nineteenth century and beyond, who use such paradigms relatively rarely. Like many chapters in the book, it suggests there is great potential in a more elastic temporal approach to the Atlantic World among southern, and other, historians.Less
This historiographical chapter argues that, for all its many achievements, Atlantic History’s early modern fixation has exacerbated an unhelpful division between American colonial historians, who have been increasingly committed to Atlanto-centric perspectives, and colleagues working in the later nineteenth century and beyond, who use such paradigms relatively rarely. Like many chapters in the book, it suggests there is great potential in a more elastic temporal approach to the Atlantic World among southern, and other, historians.
David Goldberg
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781469633626
- eISBN:
- 9781469633633
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469633626.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, African-American History
This chapter discusses how the FDNY’s cultural of insularity evolved during the 19th Century as the department shifted from volunteerism and became professionalized. The chapter also chronicles how ...
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This chapter discusses how the FDNY’s cultural of insularity evolved during the 19th Century as the department shifted from volunteerism and became professionalized. The chapter also chronicles how Irish Americans came to dominate the FDNY and used this workplace culture to consolidate and maintain an ethnic niche within the department.Less
This chapter discusses how the FDNY’s cultural of insularity evolved during the 19th Century as the department shifted from volunteerism and became professionalized. The chapter also chronicles how Irish Americans came to dominate the FDNY and used this workplace culture to consolidate and maintain an ethnic niche within the department.
Charles B. Strozier and Wayne Soini
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780231171328
- eISBN:
- 9780231541305
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231171328.003.0013
- Subject:
- History, American History: 19th Century
The chapter explores the larger meaning of 19th Century male friendship in the context of western thought from Aristotle to Montaigne. The themes of the book are summarized.
The chapter explores the larger meaning of 19th Century male friendship in the context of western thought from Aristotle to Montaigne. The themes of the book are summarized.
Alon Peled
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- May 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780262027878
- eISBN:
- 9780262319867
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262027878.003.0006
- Subject:
- Political Science, Public Policy
The chapter explains the concept of a contested commodity - a good whose insertion into the marketplace raises ethical debate. Public data is a contested commodity because agencies hold sensitive ...
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The chapter explains the concept of a contested commodity - a good whose insertion into the marketplace raises ethical debate. Public data is a contested commodity because agencies hold sensitive information about citizens that may not be suited to trade. The histories of the commoditization of thirty contested commodities reveal four lessons for the commoditization of public sector data. A case study of the commoditization of cadavers in 18th and 19th Century Britain reveals an additional four lessons for public sector data exchange.Less
The chapter explains the concept of a contested commodity - a good whose insertion into the marketplace raises ethical debate. Public data is a contested commodity because agencies hold sensitive information about citizens that may not be suited to trade. The histories of the commoditization of thirty contested commodities reveal four lessons for the commoditization of public sector data. A case study of the commoditization of cadavers in 18th and 19th Century Britain reveals an additional four lessons for public sector data exchange.
Ismael M. Montana
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780813044828
- eISBN:
- 9780813046419
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813044828.001.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Middle Eastern Studies
This book provides a case study of slavery and its abolition in Ottoman Tunisia, one of the smallest countries in North Africa and the first to abolish the longstanding institution of slavery in the ...
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This book provides a case study of slavery and its abolition in Ottoman Tunisia, one of the smallest countries in North Africa and the first to abolish the longstanding institution of slavery in the Muslim world during the modern period. The book combines a range of Tunisian and European archival data, travellers' accounts, and Arabic legal documents and source materials, directing much-needed attention not only to the Tunisian elements within slavery and abolition discourses, but also to those in west and central Sudan and Europe, especially in the Mediterranean basin. It argues that the major force driving abolition was Tunisian rulers' pragmatic response to increased European economic and political intervention in North Africa—first with the 1816 prohibition against enslaving Christians for ransom and especially after the French occupation of Algeria in the 1830s. The urgency of safeguarding the independence of Tunisia, more than efforts at selective “modernization” or “reform,” triggered the move toward abolition and the emancipation of the enslaved black population, which was achieved in 1846. By assessing how European capitalism along with political pressure and dynamics in the western Mediterranean shaped the abolition of the trans-Saharan slave trade and slavery in Tunisia, this book attempts to bridge the historiographical gap that treats the Atlantic and Saharan slave trades as separate entities. It offers wider regional perspectives and shows how the Tunisian model of abolition is useful for viewing slavery in the Islamic context during the modern period.Less
This book provides a case study of slavery and its abolition in Ottoman Tunisia, one of the smallest countries in North Africa and the first to abolish the longstanding institution of slavery in the Muslim world during the modern period. The book combines a range of Tunisian and European archival data, travellers' accounts, and Arabic legal documents and source materials, directing much-needed attention not only to the Tunisian elements within slavery and abolition discourses, but also to those in west and central Sudan and Europe, especially in the Mediterranean basin. It argues that the major force driving abolition was Tunisian rulers' pragmatic response to increased European economic and political intervention in North Africa—first with the 1816 prohibition against enslaving Christians for ransom and especially after the French occupation of Algeria in the 1830s. The urgency of safeguarding the independence of Tunisia, more than efforts at selective “modernization” or “reform,” triggered the move toward abolition and the emancipation of the enslaved black population, which was achieved in 1846. By assessing how European capitalism along with political pressure and dynamics in the western Mediterranean shaped the abolition of the trans-Saharan slave trade and slavery in Tunisia, this book attempts to bridge the historiographical gap that treats the Atlantic and Saharan slave trades as separate entities. It offers wider regional perspectives and shows how the Tunisian model of abolition is useful for viewing slavery in the Islamic context during the modern period.
Thomas Laqueur
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780823251414
- eISBN:
- 9780823252923
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823251414.003.0003
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Political Philosophy
In this chapter, Thomas Laqueur examines the beginnings of the cremation movement in late 19th century Britain. Laqueur shows that while the cremationists challenged cultural attachments to the rites ...
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In this chapter, Thomas Laqueur examines the beginnings of the cremation movement in late 19th century Britain. Laqueur shows that while the cremationists challenged cultural attachments to the rites and rituals of burying the dead, they also invoked the authority of nature, spoken in the voice of science, to legitimate their push for a technical disposal regime. This case illustrates how contestation over nature – and who has the right to speak for it – shapes cultural practices. It also, however, shows how claims to authority over proper ways of disposing of the dead amounts to a claim to speak for nature more generally. [HELP WITH LAST LINE]Less
In this chapter, Thomas Laqueur examines the beginnings of the cremation movement in late 19th century Britain. Laqueur shows that while the cremationists challenged cultural attachments to the rites and rituals of burying the dead, they also invoked the authority of nature, spoken in the voice of science, to legitimate their push for a technical disposal regime. This case illustrates how contestation over nature – and who has the right to speak for it – shapes cultural practices. It also, however, shows how claims to authority over proper ways of disposing of the dead amounts to a claim to speak for nature more generally. [HELP WITH LAST LINE]
Camille Walsh
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781469638942
- eISBN:
- 9781469638959
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469638942.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, African-American History
Chapter One introduces the early history of taxpayer civil rights litigation against segregated and unequal education from the post-Civil War era until the turn of the twentieth century. In these ...
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Chapter One introduces the early history of taxpayer civil rights litigation against segregated and unequal education from the post-Civil War era until the turn of the twentieth century. In these 19th century cases and opinions, there was a continual assertion of a legal identity as taxpayers by families of color, and this chapter traces the way taxpayer citizenship became linked to the idea of a right to education in these families' arguments and claims, and even occasionally in the judges' opinions. Nonetheless, even the victories in many of these segregation cases were in name only, as plaintiffs of color continued to struggle without adequate remedy after courts granted a superficial nod to their taxpayer claims.Less
Chapter One introduces the early history of taxpayer civil rights litigation against segregated and unequal education from the post-Civil War era until the turn of the twentieth century. In these 19th century cases and opinions, there was a continual assertion of a legal identity as taxpayers by families of color, and this chapter traces the way taxpayer citizenship became linked to the idea of a right to education in these families' arguments and claims, and even occasionally in the judges' opinions. Nonetheless, even the victories in many of these segregation cases were in name only, as plaintiffs of color continued to struggle without adequate remedy after courts granted a superficial nod to their taxpayer claims.
Devyn Spence Benson
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781469626727
- eISBN:
- 9781469626741
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469626727.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, Latin American History
This Introduction outlines the central questions and arguments of this book: How do ideas about racial difference, racist stereotypes, and racially-discriminatory practices persist, survive, and ...
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This Introduction outlines the central questions and arguments of this book: How do ideas about racial difference, racist stereotypes, and racially-discriminatory practices persist, survive, and reproduce themselves despite significant state efforts to generate social and racial equality. In what ways can racism and equality exist together? And, how have people of African descent challenged, participated in, and negotiated such processes? This chapter also situates the 1959 revolution’s racial politics within over a hundred years of Afro-Cuban history from the wars of independence, to the abolition of slavery, and the inclusion and exclusion of people of African descent in the Cuban republic. The Introduction ends with an anecdote about what it meant for the author, an African American woman from the southern part of the United States, to do field work in Cuba and how her experience reveal the similarities and differences between the US and Cuban racial identification systems.Less
This Introduction outlines the central questions and arguments of this book: How do ideas about racial difference, racist stereotypes, and racially-discriminatory practices persist, survive, and reproduce themselves despite significant state efforts to generate social and racial equality. In what ways can racism and equality exist together? And, how have people of African descent challenged, participated in, and negotiated such processes? This chapter also situates the 1959 revolution’s racial politics within over a hundred years of Afro-Cuban history from the wars of independence, to the abolition of slavery, and the inclusion and exclusion of people of African descent in the Cuban republic. The Introduction ends with an anecdote about what it meant for the author, an African American woman from the southern part of the United States, to do field work in Cuba and how her experience reveal the similarities and differences between the US and Cuban racial identification systems.
