P. J. MARSHALL
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199226665
- eISBN:
- 9780191706813
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199226665.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History, Political History
This introductory chapter briefly sets out the main arguments of the book. It stresses that new attitudes and policies towards all parts of Britain's overseas empire were powerfully stimulated by ...
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This introductory chapter briefly sets out the main arguments of the book. It stresses that new attitudes and policies towards all parts of Britain's overseas empire were powerfully stimulated by British and French involvement in the Seven Years War, which began in America in 1754 and ended in Europe in 1763. The war brought great victories for Britain but also an increased sense of insecurity. New policies were formulated in Britain, whose underlying assumptions about empire are examined. Imperial policy was not, however, made in isolation from the pressures of a wider public, who had some capacity to make their views known.Less
This introductory chapter briefly sets out the main arguments of the book. It stresses that new attitudes and policies towards all parts of Britain's overseas empire were powerfully stimulated by British and French involvement in the Seven Years War, which began in America in 1754 and ended in Europe in 1763. The war brought great victories for Britain but also an increased sense of insecurity. New policies were formulated in Britain, whose underlying assumptions about empire are examined. Imperial policy was not, however, made in isolation from the pressures of a wider public, who had some capacity to make their views known.
David Goldberg
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781469633626
- eISBN:
- 9781469633633
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469633626.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, African-American History
This chapter focuses on John Lindsay’s appointment of Robert O. Lowery to serve as the FDNY’s Fire Commissioner during the onset of one of the most tumultuous periods in the department’s history, ...
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This chapter focuses on John Lindsay’s appointment of Robert O. Lowery to serve as the FDNY’s Fire Commissioner during the onset of one of the most tumultuous periods in the department’s history, “the War Years.” Within the department itself, the first half of “the War years were characterized by a highly racialized, contentious, internal struggle for institutional control that escalated throughout John Lindsay’s and Robert Lowery’s two terms in office. Efforts to reform departmental race relations, increase minority access and representation, and maintain fire protection levels were complicated by budget problems, escalating racial, political, and cultural conflicts; rising workloads; labor militancy; and white backlash.Less
This chapter focuses on John Lindsay’s appointment of Robert O. Lowery to serve as the FDNY’s Fire Commissioner during the onset of one of the most tumultuous periods in the department’s history, “the War Years.” Within the department itself, the first half of “the War years were characterized by a highly racialized, contentious, internal struggle for institutional control that escalated throughout John Lindsay’s and Robert Lowery’s two terms in office. Efforts to reform departmental race relations, increase minority access and representation, and maintain fire protection levels were complicated by budget problems, escalating racial, political, and cultural conflicts; rising workloads; labor militancy; and white backlash.
