Manuel Castells
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199255771
- eISBN:
- 9780191698279
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199255771.003.0003
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Information Technology
This chapter deals with the culture of the producers and users at the source of the Internet’s creation and configuration. It notes that culture means a set of values and beliefs informing behaviour, ...
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This chapter deals with the culture of the producers and users at the source of the Internet’s creation and configuration. It notes that culture means a set of values and beliefs informing behaviour, thus, repetitive patterns of behaviour generate customs that are enforced by institutions, as well as by informal organizations. It discusses that the Internet culture is characterized by a four-layer structure — the techno-meritocratic culture, the hacker culture, the virtual communitarian culture, and the entrepreneurial culture. It highlights the direct link between the cultural expressions and the technological development of the Internet. It explains that open source software is the key technological feature in the development of the Internet, and this openness is culturally determined.Less
This chapter deals with the culture of the producers and users at the source of the Internet’s creation and configuration. It notes that culture means a set of values and beliefs informing behaviour, thus, repetitive patterns of behaviour generate customs that are enforced by institutions, as well as by informal organizations. It discusses that the Internet culture is characterized by a four-layer structure — the techno-meritocratic culture, the hacker culture, the virtual communitarian culture, and the entrepreneurial culture. It highlights the direct link between the cultural expressions and the technological development of the Internet. It explains that open source software is the key technological feature in the development of the Internet, and this openness is culturally determined.
Christine Hine
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- March 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780199793891
- eISBN:
- 9780190256081
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199793891.003.0006
- Subject:
- Psychology, Social Psychology
This last chapter provides a personal selection of texts for further study. It includes some general texts on qualitative research that are pertinent to Internet research. There are also texts here ...
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This last chapter provides a personal selection of texts for further study. It includes some general texts on qualitative research that are pertinent to Internet research. There are also texts here that related to Internet culture. It also identifies some online resources that may be of interest in developing qualitative Internet research skills.Less
This last chapter provides a personal selection of texts for further study. It includes some general texts on qualitative research that are pertinent to Internet research. There are also texts here that related to Internet culture. It also identifies some online resources that may be of interest in developing qualitative Internet research skills.
Shihui Han
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- June 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780198743194
- eISBN:
- 9780191840210
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198743194.003.0008
- Subject:
- Psychology, Social Psychology, Developmental Psychology
Chapter 8 introduces a culture–behavior–brain (CBB)-loop model of human development based on cultural neuroscience findings, and proposes a new framework for understanding human development regarding ...
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Chapter 8 introduces a culture–behavior–brain (CBB)-loop model of human development based on cultural neuroscience findings, and proposes a new framework for understanding human development regarding both human phylogeny and lifespan ontogeny. This model posits that culture shapes the brain by contextualizing behavior, and the brain fits and modifies culture via behavioral influences. Genes provide a fundamental basis for and interact with the CBB loop at both individual and population levels. The CBB-loop model advances our understanding of the dynamic relationships between culture, behavior, and the brain. Future brain changes owing to cultural influences are discussed based on the CBB-loop model.Less
Chapter 8 introduces a culture–behavior–brain (CBB)-loop model of human development based on cultural neuroscience findings, and proposes a new framework for understanding human development regarding both human phylogeny and lifespan ontogeny. This model posits that culture shapes the brain by contextualizing behavior, and the brain fits and modifies culture via behavioral influences. Genes provide a fundamental basis for and interact with the CBB loop at both individual and population levels. The CBB-loop model advances our understanding of the dynamic relationships between culture, behavior, and the brain. Future brain changes owing to cultural influences are discussed based on the CBB-loop model.
Nancy Glazener
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- November 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780199390137
- eISBN:
- 9780199390151
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199390137.003.0007
- Subject:
- Literature, American, 19th Century Literature, 19th-century Literature and Romanticism
Whereas standard histories of literary studies have focused on struggles between philologists and another camp known as generalists or belle-lettrists, this second camp might be better understood as ...
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Whereas standard histories of literary studies have focused on struggles between philologists and another camp known as generalists or belle-lettrists, this second camp might be better understood as aesthetic critics, the chief ancestors of twentieth-century literary studies. Moreover, this conflict is probably less important than the struggle that led to disciplinary separations between literary studies, on the one hand, and speech and drama, on the other. Since highly literary forms of oral performance were widespread at the turn of the century, it is important to analyze the pressures that led to literary studies becoming even more insistently text based (a further contrast with public literary culture, which combined analytic, interpretive, creative, and performative registers). This chapter argues that academic literary studies has been from the beginning disciplinary, interdisciplinary, and antidisciplinary. After examining the discipline’s early incarnation, whose constraints we have only in recent decades been overcoming, the chapter proposes that the interdisciplinary and antidisciplinary dimensions of English literary studies are valuable resources that may allow us to rethink literary studies and literary authority in an era when knowledge is once again being reorganized.Less
Whereas standard histories of literary studies have focused on struggles between philologists and another camp known as generalists or belle-lettrists, this second camp might be better understood as aesthetic critics, the chief ancestors of twentieth-century literary studies. Moreover, this conflict is probably less important than the struggle that led to disciplinary separations between literary studies, on the one hand, and speech and drama, on the other. Since highly literary forms of oral performance were widespread at the turn of the century, it is important to analyze the pressures that led to literary studies becoming even more insistently text based (a further contrast with public literary culture, which combined analytic, interpretive, creative, and performative registers). This chapter argues that academic literary studies has been from the beginning disciplinary, interdisciplinary, and antidisciplinary. After examining the discipline’s early incarnation, whose constraints we have only in recent decades been overcoming, the chapter proposes that the interdisciplinary and antidisciplinary dimensions of English literary studies are valuable resources that may allow us to rethink literary studies and literary authority in an era when knowledge is once again being reorganized.
R. D. Crand
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- April 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199949311
- eISBN:
- 9780199364749
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199949311.003.0004
- Subject:
- Music, Popular, History, American
This chapter examines radical French social theorist Guy Debord’s film career as a revealing episode in media sampling’s prehistory. Debord scripted and directed six films (1952–1978), each uniquely ...
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This chapter examines radical French social theorist Guy Debord’s film career as a revealing episode in media sampling’s prehistory. Debord scripted and directed six films (1952–1978), each uniquely exhibiting his ever-evolving cinematographic technique of détournement—selection and recombination of representative images of postwar mass media. From his earliest cine-club provocations, through his sober dialectical critiques of consumer capitalism’s optical empire, to his funereal and memoirish career capstone, Debord’s cinematic corpus unfolds as a permanent struggle to integrate incommensurate revolutionary movements in politics and communications. From this struggle emerges a tactical practice of sampling that functions as a radical corrective to historiographic method and a prescient prototype for the demassifying media tendencies of the telematic twenty-first century. Returning to Debord in this way helps us problematize the banal liberalism that plagues many facets of digital culture today, despite that culture’s evident, if unwitting, embrace of Debord’s most innovative technical motifs.Less
This chapter examines radical French social theorist Guy Debord’s film career as a revealing episode in media sampling’s prehistory. Debord scripted and directed six films (1952–1978), each uniquely exhibiting his ever-evolving cinematographic technique of détournement—selection and recombination of representative images of postwar mass media. From his earliest cine-club provocations, through his sober dialectical critiques of consumer capitalism’s optical empire, to his funereal and memoirish career capstone, Debord’s cinematic corpus unfolds as a permanent struggle to integrate incommensurate revolutionary movements in politics and communications. From this struggle emerges a tactical practice of sampling that functions as a radical corrective to historiographic method and a prescient prototype for the demassifying media tendencies of the telematic twenty-first century. Returning to Debord in this way helps us problematize the banal liberalism that plagues many facets of digital culture today, despite that culture’s evident, if unwitting, embrace of Debord’s most innovative technical motifs.
