Olivier Blanchard
- Published in print:
- 1998
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780198293996
- eISBN:
- 9780191595998
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198293992.001.0001
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Economic Systems
Transition in Central and Eastern Europe has led to a U‐shaped response of output, that is, a sharp decline in output followed by recovery. Six years after the beginning of transition, most of the ...
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Transition in Central and Eastern Europe has led to a U‐shaped response of output, that is, a sharp decline in output followed by recovery. Six years after the beginning of transition, most of the countries of Central Europe now seem firmly on the upside. Most of the countries of Eastern Europe are still close to the bottom of the U; an optimistic view is that they are now negotiating the turn.This U‐shaped response of output, its causes and its implications, is the subject of this book. That transition came with an often‐large initial decrease in output should be seen as a puzzle. After all, the previous economic system was characterized by myriad distortions. One might have expected that removing most of them would lead to a large increase, not decrease in output. This is not what happened. The purpose of this book is to understand why, and to draw general lessons.Less
Transition in Central and Eastern Europe has led to a U‐shaped response of output, that is, a sharp decline in output followed by recovery. Six years after the beginning of transition, most of the countries of Central Europe now seem firmly on the upside. Most of the countries of Eastern Europe are still close to the bottom of the U; an optimistic view is that they are now negotiating the turn.
This U‐shaped response of output, its causes and its implications, is the subject of this book. That transition came with an often‐large initial decrease in output should be seen as a puzzle. After all, the previous economic system was characterized by myriad distortions. One might have expected that removing most of them would lead to a large increase, not decrease in output. This is not what happened. The purpose of this book is to understand why, and to draw general lessons.
Johan F. M. Swinnen and Kristine Van Herck
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199693801
- eISBN:
- 9780191731884
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199693801.003.0014
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Economic Systems
The beer market, like all markets in the former communist countries, has been strongly affected by the economic reforms in the beginning of the 1990s. This caused a substantial decline in the ...
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The beer market, like all markets in the former communist countries, has been strongly affected by the economic reforms in the beginning of the 1990s. This caused a substantial decline in the production of barley, malt, and beer. However, the brewery sector soon attracted much interest from foreign investors, which faced a problem sourcing sufficient high quality malt in order to produce high quality beer. Therefore, they reintroduced vertical coordination in the supply chain to obtain malt and barley that consistently met their quality requirements. Later, when incomes and economic conditions improved, vertical coordination became less important. This chapter describes and analyzes this dramatic restructuring of the beer industry and changes in the industrial organization of its supply chain over the past two decades, documented by comparative data and detailed case study evidence from the Slovakian beer and malting industry.Less
The beer market, like all markets in the former communist countries, has been strongly affected by the economic reforms in the beginning of the 1990s. This caused a substantial decline in the production of barley, malt, and beer. However, the brewery sector soon attracted much interest from foreign investors, which faced a problem sourcing sufficient high quality malt in order to produce high quality beer. Therefore, they reintroduced vertical coordination in the supply chain to obtain malt and barley that consistently met their quality requirements. Later, when incomes and economic conditions improved, vertical coordination became less important. This chapter describes and analyzes this dramatic restructuring of the beer industry and changes in the industrial organization of its supply chain over the past two decades, documented by comparative data and detailed case study evidence from the Slovakian beer and malting industry.
