Debra L. Dodson
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- May 2006
- ISBN:
- 9780198296744
- eISBN:
- 9780191603709
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198296746.003.0010
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics
Women’s health policy united women across party lines in the 103rd and yielded numerous victories. These successes continued a trend established in earlier Congresses and, relatively speaking, would ...
More
Women’s health policy united women across party lines in the 103rd and yielded numerous victories. These successes continued a trend established in earlier Congresses and, relatively speaking, would not come under attack in the 104th when almost every other political gain previously made by women was vulnerable. As such, juxtaposition of women’s health case studies with the reproductive rights case studies allows us to go once again beyond the simple question of ‘Do women make a difference?’ to explore not only how the confluence of individual, institutional, and cultural factors gives meaning to gender and shapes the probabilistic relationship between descriptive and substantive representation of women over time and across policy areas, but also to suggest strategies for advancing substantive representation regardless of women’s proportional presence. The results illustrate the value of diversity and suggest strategies that can sustain unity amid diversity. They suggest that in addition to increasing women’s presence, substantive representation of women will be facilitated by raising the gender consciousness of women in the mass public, by reinforcing awareness (and fear) of the gender gap, and by women’s advancement within the institutional hierarchy. In short, even with a ‘mom and apple pie’ issue, making a difference requires efforts by women inside the Congress to put matters on the agenda and the mobilization of women outside the institution to give legitimacy and political teeth to demands that challenge masculinist values.Less
Women’s health policy united women across party lines in the 103rd and yielded numerous victories. These successes continued a trend established in earlier Congresses and, relatively speaking, would not come under attack in the 104th when almost every other political gain previously made by women was vulnerable. As such, juxtaposition of women’s health case studies with the reproductive rights case studies allows us to go once again beyond the simple question of ‘Do women make a difference?’ to explore not only how the confluence of individual, institutional, and cultural factors gives meaning to gender and shapes the probabilistic relationship between descriptive and substantive representation of women over time and across policy areas, but also to suggest strategies for advancing substantive representation regardless of women’s proportional presence. The results illustrate the value of diversity and suggest strategies that can sustain unity amid diversity. They suggest that in addition to increasing women’s presence, substantive representation of women will be facilitated by raising the gender consciousness of women in the mass public, by reinforcing awareness (and fear) of the gender gap, and by women’s advancement within the institutional hierarchy. In short, even with a ‘mom and apple pie’ issue, making a difference requires efforts by women inside the Congress to put matters on the agenda and the mobilization of women outside the institution to give legitimacy and political teeth to demands that challenge masculinist values.
Debra L. Dodson
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- May 2006
- ISBN:
- 9780198296744
- eISBN:
- 9780191603709
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198296746.003.0011
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics
Women’s health did not suffer the same endless litany of political defeats as other policy areas in the Republican-controlled 104th. While the case studies of women’s health research funding, breast ...
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Women’s health did not suffer the same endless litany of political defeats as other policy areas in the Republican-controlled 104th. While the case studies of women’s health research funding, breast cancer screening, and women veterans’ health suggest that women’s presence within the institution is important for ensuring substantive representation of women, they also suggest that other factors play a critical role in giving meaning to women’s presence. These include the political environment of Congress, the ideological perspective of those who hold positional power, and the extra-institutional pressure generated from the gender gap in the mass public, which gives legitimacy to action on behalf of women’s health among male members concerned about the next election.Less
Women’s health did not suffer the same endless litany of political defeats as other policy areas in the Republican-controlled 104th. While the case studies of women’s health research funding, breast cancer screening, and women veterans’ health suggest that women’s presence within the institution is important for ensuring substantive representation of women, they also suggest that other factors play a critical role in giving meaning to women’s presence. These include the political environment of Congress, the ideological perspective of those who hold positional power, and the extra-institutional pressure generated from the gender gap in the mass public, which gives legitimacy to action on behalf of women’s health among male members concerned about the next election.
Debra L. Dodson
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- May 2006
- ISBN:
- 9780198296744
- eISBN:
- 9780191603709
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198296746.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics
This book explores the complex relationship between women’s presence and impact in two strikingly different, consecutive congresses. Drawing on hundreds of elite interviews and archival information, ...
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This book explores the complex relationship between women’s presence and impact in two strikingly different, consecutive congresses. Drawing on hundreds of elite interviews and archival information, the case studies of three highly visible policy areas (reproductive rights, women’s health, and health care policy) move beyond the question of ‘Do women make a difference?’ to confront the oft-ignored, contested issues surrounding gender difference and impact: its probabilistic nature, contested legitimacy, and disputed meaning. The analysis enhances understanding of how gendered forces at the individual, institutional, and societal levels combine to reinforce and redefine gendered relationships to power in the public sphere, and suggests strategies to strengthen substantive representation of women.Less
This book explores the complex relationship between women’s presence and impact in two strikingly different, consecutive congresses. Drawing on hundreds of elite interviews and archival information, the case studies of three highly visible policy areas (reproductive rights, women’s health, and health care policy) move beyond the question of ‘Do women make a difference?’ to confront the oft-ignored, contested issues surrounding gender difference and impact: its probabilistic nature, contested legitimacy, and disputed meaning. The analysis enhances understanding of how gendered forces at the individual, institutional, and societal levels combine to reinforce and redefine gendered relationships to power in the public sphere, and suggests strategies to strengthen substantive representation of women.
Mary Briody Mahowald
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2006
- ISBN:
- 9780195176179
- eISBN:
- 9780199786558
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195176170.003.0002
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Feminist Philosophy
Sex and gender differences in women’s health care are delineated. Models of the physician-patient relationship and casuistic and principlist methods of moral reasoning are critiqued on grounds of ...
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Sex and gender differences in women’s health care are delineated. Models of the physician-patient relationship and casuistic and principlist methods of moral reasoning are critiqued on grounds of their lack of conformity with an egalitarian approach to bioethical issues. The question of “who is the patient” in health care of pregnant women is discussed. Ethically relevant similarities and differences between professional guidelines and regulatory statutes regarding health care are also examined.Less
Sex and gender differences in women’s health care are delineated. Models of the physician-patient relationship and casuistic and principlist methods of moral reasoning are critiqued on grounds of their lack of conformity with an egalitarian approach to bioethical issues. The question of “who is the patient” in health care of pregnant women is discussed. Ethically relevant similarities and differences between professional guidelines and regulatory statutes regarding health care are also examined.
Mary Briody Mahowald
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2006
- ISBN:
- 9780195176179
- eISBN:
- 9780199786558
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195176170.003.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Feminist Philosophy
After critiquing principle-based and case-based approaches to bioethics, this chapter develops and defends a conception of gender justice, as central to analyses of issues in women’s health care. ...
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After critiquing principle-based and case-based approaches to bioethics, this chapter develops and defends a conception of gender justice, as central to analyses of issues in women’s health care. Autonomy, rights, and justice are among the key concepts that it considers. Classical pragmatists and feminist standpoint theorists are enlisted in support of epistemological and ethical reasons for attributing “privileged status” to women’s decisions about their health.Less
After critiquing principle-based and case-based approaches to bioethics, this chapter develops and defends a conception of gender justice, as central to analyses of issues in women’s health care. Autonomy, rights, and justice are among the key concepts that it considers. Classical pragmatists and feminist standpoint theorists are enlisted in support of epistemological and ethical reasons for attributing “privileged status” to women’s decisions about their health.
Ina Zweiniger‐Bargielowska
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199280520
- eISBN:
- 9780191594878
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199280520.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History
This chapter posits women's physical liberation alongside political emancipation, greater gender equality, expanding employment opportunities after 1918. A modern femininity was constructed by means ...
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This chapter posits women's physical liberation alongside political emancipation, greater gender equality, expanding employment opportunities after 1918. A modern femininity was constructed by means of clothes and beauty products, but it also required a managed body. Building on the pioneering efforts during the Edwardian period, women enthusiastically embraced a wide range of activities including keep‐fit classes, dancing, swimming, and hiking. These provided new opportunities for female companionship and mixed‐sex sociability. The modern female body became a mass phenomenon during the interwar years. Sex reform was a prerequisite of the modernization of women's bodies and hygienists advocated birth control and sex education. Nevertheless, extreme practices such as competitive sport or slimming for the sake of fashion remained controversial. The modern woman was portrayed as a race mother whose civic duty to manage her body for the well‐being of the nation paralleled men's obligation to become healthy and fit workers and soldiers.Less
This chapter posits women's physical liberation alongside political emancipation, greater gender equality, expanding employment opportunities after 1918. A modern femininity was constructed by means of clothes and beauty products, but it also required a managed body. Building on the pioneering efforts during the Edwardian period, women enthusiastically embraced a wide range of activities including keep‐fit classes, dancing, swimming, and hiking. These provided new opportunities for female companionship and mixed‐sex sociability. The modern female body became a mass phenomenon during the interwar years. Sex reform was a prerequisite of the modernization of women's bodies and hygienists advocated birth control and sex education. Nevertheless, extreme practices such as competitive sport or slimming for the sake of fashion remained controversial. The modern woman was portrayed as a race mother whose civic duty to manage her body for the well‐being of the nation paralleled men's obligation to become healthy and fit workers and soldiers.
Mary Briody Mahowald
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2006
- ISBN:
- 9780195176179
- eISBN:
- 9780199786558
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195176170.003.0014
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Feminist Philosophy
After recapitulating the egalitarian perspective of the book, this chapter explains how this is necessarily directed toward an ideal of justice. The ideal is best approximated through an ethic of ...
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After recapitulating the egalitarian perspective of the book, this chapter explains how this is necessarily directed toward an ideal of justice. The ideal is best approximated through an ethic of virtue rather than an ethic of obligation. An egalitarian ethic of virtue promotes the flourishing of all individuals throughout the life span by attending to their different needs, preferences, and capabilities, and by minimizing the inequities that are often associated with these differences. An ethic of obligation requires minimal efforts to reduce these inequities, whereas an ethic of virtue calls for maximal efforts to reduce them. In the context of women’s health care, gender justice demands attention to gender differences as both obligatory and virtuous.Less
After recapitulating the egalitarian perspective of the book, this chapter explains how this is necessarily directed toward an ideal of justice. The ideal is best approximated through an ethic of virtue rather than an ethic of obligation. An egalitarian ethic of virtue promotes the flourishing of all individuals throughout the life span by attending to their different needs, preferences, and capabilities, and by minimizing the inequities that are often associated with these differences. An ethic of obligation requires minimal efforts to reduce these inequities, whereas an ethic of virtue calls for maximal efforts to reduce them. In the context of women’s health care, gender justice demands attention to gender differences as both obligatory and virtuous.
Ronnee Schreiber
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195331813
- eISBN:
- 9780199851829
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195331813.003.0006
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
This chapter demonstrates how the CWA and IWF articulate issues central to the conservative movement—abortion and scientific research and development—in terms of women's health. By showing how CWA ...
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This chapter demonstrates how the CWA and IWF articulate issues central to the conservative movement—abortion and scientific research and development—in terms of women's health. By showing how CWA and IWF gender conservative policy priorities, it illuminates the role of women's organizations in constructing the broader conservative movement as one that takes women's interests seriously. Specifically, CWA frames debates about abortion and family planning in terms of their effects on women's physical and emotional well-being, thereby promoting the idea that those opposed to abortion care about women as well as fetuses. This is meant to address critics who charge antiabortion activists with disregarding women's well-being in their quest for making abortion illegal.Less
This chapter demonstrates how the CWA and IWF articulate issues central to the conservative movement—abortion and scientific research and development—in terms of women's health. By showing how CWA and IWF gender conservative policy priorities, it illuminates the role of women's organizations in constructing the broader conservative movement as one that takes women's interests seriously. Specifically, CWA frames debates about abortion and family planning in terms of their effects on women's physical and emotional well-being, thereby promoting the idea that those opposed to abortion care about women as well as fetuses. This is meant to address critics who charge antiabortion activists with disregarding women's well-being in their quest for making abortion illegal.
Mary Briody Mahowald
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2006
- ISBN:
- 9780195176179
- eISBN:
- 9780199786558
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195176170.003.0004
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Feminist Philosophy
Cases illustrating variables relevant to women’s decisions about preconception counseling, preimplantation diagnosis, prenatal testing, misattributed paternity, and sex selection are presented. For ...
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Cases illustrating variables relevant to women’s decisions about preconception counseling, preimplantation diagnosis, prenatal testing, misattributed paternity, and sex selection are presented. For each topic, empirical and theoretical factors are discussed from an “egalitarian perspective” that imputes privileged status to the standpoint of those who are “nondominant”, i.e., those whose input tends to be neglected. Implications of different positions about moral status of fetuses are also considered.Less
Cases illustrating variables relevant to women’s decisions about preconception counseling, preimplantation diagnosis, prenatal testing, misattributed paternity, and sex selection are presented. For each topic, empirical and theoretical factors are discussed from an “egalitarian perspective” that imputes privileged status to the standpoint of those who are “nondominant”, i.e., those whose input tends to be neglected. Implications of different positions about moral status of fetuses are also considered.
Mary Briody Mahowald
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2006
- ISBN:
- 9780195176179
- eISBN:
- 9780199786558
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195176170.003.0010
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Feminist Philosophy
Cases illustrating variables relevant to violence toward children, pregnant women, and the elderly, as well as gender discrimination and sexual harassment are presented, stressing the impact of these ...
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Cases illustrating variables relevant to violence toward children, pregnant women, and the elderly, as well as gender discrimination and sexual harassment are presented, stressing the impact of these situations on women’s health. For each topic, empirical and theoretical factors are discussed from an “egalitarian perspective” that imputes privileged status to the standpoint of those who are “nondominant”, i.e., women as patients. With regard to pregnant women, implications of different positions about moral status of fetuses are also considered.Less
Cases illustrating variables relevant to violence toward children, pregnant women, and the elderly, as well as gender discrimination and sexual harassment are presented, stressing the impact of these situations on women’s health. For each topic, empirical and theoretical factors are discussed from an “egalitarian perspective” that imputes privileged status to the standpoint of those who are “nondominant”, i.e., women as patients. With regard to pregnant women, implications of different positions about moral status of fetuses are also considered.
Mary Briody Mahowald
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2006
- ISBN:
- 9780195176179
- eISBN:
- 9780199786558
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195176170.003.0012
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Feminist Philosophy
Cases illustrating variables that arise in the health care of elderly women and their caregivers, and care of the dying are presented. These include questions about ageism, competence to perform ...
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Cases illustrating variables that arise in the health care of elderly women and their caregivers, and care of the dying are presented. These include questions about ageism, competence to perform ordinary functions such as driving, possible loss of capacity for moral agency, advance directives, and decisions about forgoing or terminating life-support. For each topic, empirical and theoretical factors are discussed from an “egalitarian perspective” that imputes privileged status to the standpoint of women.Less
Cases illustrating variables that arise in the health care of elderly women and their caregivers, and care of the dying are presented. These include questions about ageism, competence to perform ordinary functions such as driving, possible loss of capacity for moral agency, advance directives, and decisions about forgoing or terminating life-support. For each topic, empirical and theoretical factors are discussed from an “egalitarian perspective” that imputes privileged status to the standpoint of women.
Judith Healy and Martin McKee
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780198516187
- eISBN:
- 9780191723681
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198516187.003.0002
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health, Epidemiology
Australian and British feminists during the last quarter of the 20th century were motivated by a common analysis of gender bias in the delivery of health services, but operated in different political ...
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Australian and British feminists during the last quarter of the 20th century were motivated by a common analysis of gender bias in the delivery of health services, but operated in different political environments and so devised different strategies. The Australian women's movement worked within, as well as against, the state, but the emphasis has shifted from alternative service options to making mainstream services more responsive. The British women's movement was a less influential political constituency and less active within state institutions. Both health systems now focus on making mainstream services more responsive to the health needs of both women and men.Less
Australian and British feminists during the last quarter of the 20th century were motivated by a common analysis of gender bias in the delivery of health services, but operated in different political environments and so devised different strategies. The Australian women's movement worked within, as well as against, the state, but the emphasis has shifted from alternative service options to making mainstream services more responsive. The British women's movement was a less influential political constituency and less active within state institutions. Both health systems now focus on making mainstream services more responsive to the health needs of both women and men.
Elizabeth Hayes Turner
- Published in print:
- 1997
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195086881
- eISBN:
- 9780199854578
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195086881.003.0008
- Subject:
- History, Cultural History
This chapter discusses Galveston after the Hurricane of 1900 which was the worst natural disaster in the history of the North American continent. Historians of the Progressive Era recalled that out ...
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This chapter discusses Galveston after the Hurricane of 1900 which was the worst natural disaster in the history of the North American continent. Historians of the Progressive Era recalled that out of the destruction citizens implemented structural reform and turned a formerly aldermanic governing body into a five-man city commission. Thus, city commission government was born. The Women's Health Protective Association's activities were considerable. As leaders in the first democratic Progressive Era women's organization, they brought all the organizing skills learned in their earlier institution-building days to a more open organization and to a larger forum. Their enthusiasm and energy inspired other progressive organizations for men and women. They learned practical politics. They participated in women's political culture though their organizing talents were limited to mere influence.Less
This chapter discusses Galveston after the Hurricane of 1900 which was the worst natural disaster in the history of the North American continent. Historians of the Progressive Era recalled that out of the destruction citizens implemented structural reform and turned a formerly aldermanic governing body into a five-man city commission. Thus, city commission government was born. The Women's Health Protective Association's activities were considerable. As leaders in the first democratic Progressive Era women's organization, they brought all the organizing skills learned in their earlier institution-building days to a more open organization and to a larger forum. Their enthusiasm and energy inspired other progressive organizations for men and women. They learned practical politics. They participated in women's political culture though their organizing talents were limited to mere influence.
Daphne Spain
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780801453199
- eISBN:
- 9781501704130
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9780801453199.003.0005
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Gender Studies
This chapter explores the correlation between women’s opportunities in the public realm and their ability to control their own fertility. Accordingly, reproductive rights signify the very basis of ...
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This chapter explores the correlation between women’s opportunities in the public realm and their ability to control their own fertility. Accordingly, reproductive rights signify the very basis of the possibility of effective participation of women in both civil society and the polity. The activists who opened the first feminist health clinics understood that vital connection. The spaces the feminist clinics occupied may have been small, but their symbolic value was much larger: they enhanced women’s capacity to engage in public life by giving women the ability to control whether or when to become pregnant. The road to reproductive rights was paved by feminists like Carol Downer who insisted on women’s rights to control knowledge about their own bodies as the first step toward changing women’s rights in other realms.Less
This chapter explores the correlation between women’s opportunities in the public realm and their ability to control their own fertility. Accordingly, reproductive rights signify the very basis of the possibility of effective participation of women in both civil society and the polity. The activists who opened the first feminist health clinics understood that vital connection. The spaces the feminist clinics occupied may have been small, but their symbolic value was much larger: they enhanced women’s capacity to engage in public life by giving women the ability to control whether or when to become pregnant. The road to reproductive rights was paved by feminists like Carol Downer who insisted on women’s rights to control knowledge about their own bodies as the first step toward changing women’s rights in other realms.
MAYRA BUVINIC, ANTONIO GIUFFRIDA, and AMANDA GLASSMAN
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195150865
- eISBN:
- 9780199865222
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195150865.003.008
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health, Epidemiology
In Latin America and the Caribbean, more women than men have entered the labor force since the 1980s; what are the implications for women's health status? This chapter reviews the empirical evidence ...
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In Latin America and the Caribbean, more women than men have entered the labor force since the 1980s; what are the implications for women's health status? This chapter reviews the empirical evidence on the effects of women's paid work on their health in Latin America. It begins with a brief description of the changing nature of labor markets and women's labor force participation. It then explores women's occupational health risks and mentions some initiatives that seek to respond to these risks. Next, it looks at the existing evidence for the positive effects of paid work on women's health and child health, and finally, it provides policy recommendations.Less
In Latin America and the Caribbean, more women than men have entered the labor force since the 1980s; what are the implications for women's health status? This chapter reviews the empirical evidence on the effects of women's paid work on their health in Latin America. It begins with a brief description of the changing nature of labor markets and women's labor force participation. It then explores women's occupational health risks and mentions some initiatives that seek to respond to these risks. Next, it looks at the existing evidence for the positive effects of paid work on women's health and child health, and finally, it provides policy recommendations.
Johanna Schoen
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781469621180
- eISBN:
- 9781469623344
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469621180.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Social History
Abortion is—and always has been—an arena for contesting power relations between women and men. When in 1973 the Supreme Court made the procedure legal throughout the United States, it seemed that ...
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Abortion is—and always has been—an arena for contesting power relations between women and men. When in 1973 the Supreme Court made the procedure legal throughout the United States, it seemed that women were at last able to make decisions about their own bodies. In the four decades that followed, however, abortion became ever more politicized and stigmatized. Abortion after Roe chronicles and analyzes what the new legal status and changing political environment have meant for abortion providers and their patients. This book sheds light on the little-studied experience of performing and receiving abortion care from the 1970s—a period of optimism—to the rise of the antiabortion movement and the escalation of antiabortion tactics in the 1980s to the 1990s and beyond, when violent attacks on clinics and abortion providers led to a new articulation of abortion care as moral work. More than four decades after the legalization of abortion, the abortion provider community has powerfully asserted that abortion care is a moral good.Less
Abortion is—and always has been—an arena for contesting power relations between women and men. When in 1973 the Supreme Court made the procedure legal throughout the United States, it seemed that women were at last able to make decisions about their own bodies. In the four decades that followed, however, abortion became ever more politicized and stigmatized. Abortion after Roe chronicles and analyzes what the new legal status and changing political environment have meant for abortion providers and their patients. This book sheds light on the little-studied experience of performing and receiving abortion care from the 1970s—a period of optimism—to the rise of the antiabortion movement and the escalation of antiabortion tactics in the 1980s to the 1990s and beyond, when violent attacks on clinics and abortion providers led to a new articulation of abortion care as moral work. More than four decades after the legalization of abortion, the abortion provider community has powerfully asserted that abortion care is a moral good.
Alicia Ely Yamin
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199661619
- eISBN:
- 9780191765056
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199661619.003.0020
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health, Epidemiology
This chapter discusses the evolution of international human rights and women’s health. It covers the origins and development of women’s health rights in international treaties; progressive ...
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This chapter discusses the evolution of international human rights and women’s health. It covers the origins and development of women’s health rights in international treaties; progressive clarification of norms and appropriation of human rights discourse; and the Millennium Development Goals and efforts to operationalize rights-based approaches to women’s health.Less
This chapter discusses the evolution of international human rights and women’s health. It covers the origins and development of women’s health rights in international treaties; progressive clarification of norms and appropriation of human rights discourse; and the Millennium Development Goals and efforts to operationalize rights-based approaches to women’s health.
Jennifer Nelson
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- March 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780814762776
- eISBN:
- 9780814770894
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9780814762776.003.0003
- Subject:
- History, History of Science, Technology, and Medicine
This chapter looks at how Women's Liberation activists founded Aradia—a feminist women's health clinic—and ran the health center to provide contraceptive care, preventive care such as cancer ...
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This chapter looks at how Women's Liberation activists founded Aradia—a feminist women's health clinic—and ran the health center to provide contraceptive care, preventive care such as cancer screening, and information about sex, sexuality, and relationships. Seattle feminists were cognizant of differences among women, particularly on the basis of race and class, which contributed to different health and reproductive care priorities. In order to increase women of color's access to reproductive health care, YWCA feminists founded a Third World Women's Resource Center and an affiliated clinic. They also coordinated a “Feminism and Racism Rap Group” at Aradia to discuss racism in the Women's Liberation movement. These efforts contradict popular notions that white middle-class feminists focused exclusively on their own political demands without considering the different needs of women of color or poor women. Many white feminists were concerned about race and wanted to address their own racist impulses.Less
This chapter looks at how Women's Liberation activists founded Aradia—a feminist women's health clinic—and ran the health center to provide contraceptive care, preventive care such as cancer screening, and information about sex, sexuality, and relationships. Seattle feminists were cognizant of differences among women, particularly on the basis of race and class, which contributed to different health and reproductive care priorities. In order to increase women of color's access to reproductive health care, YWCA feminists founded a Third World Women's Resource Center and an affiliated clinic. They also coordinated a “Feminism and Racism Rap Group” at Aradia to discuss racism in the Women's Liberation movement. These efforts contradict popular notions that white middle-class feminists focused exclusively on their own political demands without considering the different needs of women of color or poor women. Many white feminists were concerned about race and wanted to address their own racist impulses.
Nadine F. Marks and Kristy Ashleman
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780192632890
- eISBN:
- 9780191723629
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780192632890.003.0012
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health, Epidemiology
This chapter reviews evidence documenting how the structure and quality of women's social relationships change from childhood to middle adulthood; considering how biological, psychological, and ...
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This chapter reviews evidence documenting how the structure and quality of women's social relationships change from childhood to middle adulthood; considering how biological, psychological, and social factors uniquely, cumulatively, and interactively influence the quantity and quality of women's social relationships over time, which might, in turn, be expected to influence women's health. Several types of relationships are considered—with mothers, with fathers, with siblings, with partners, with children, and with friends. The relative importance of early life course factors for helping to determine later life relationships and relationship quality is examined. Wherever possible, life course differences between women and men, and differences between persons of varying socioeconomic status (SES) are addressed. The chapter concludes with suggestions for future research and implications for policy.Less
This chapter reviews evidence documenting how the structure and quality of women's social relationships change from childhood to middle adulthood; considering how biological, psychological, and social factors uniquely, cumulatively, and interactively influence the quantity and quality of women's social relationships over time, which might, in turn, be expected to influence women's health. Several types of relationships are considered—with mothers, with fathers, with siblings, with partners, with children, and with friends. The relative importance of early life course factors for helping to determine later life relationships and relationship quality is examined. Wherever possible, life course differences between women and men, and differences between persons of varying socioeconomic status (SES) are addressed. The chapter concludes with suggestions for future research and implications for policy.
Diana Kuh and Rebecca Hardy
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780192632890
- eISBN:
- 9780191723629
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780192632890.003.0018
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health, Epidemiology
The aim of this book has been to review the factors at each stage of a women's life that contribute first to her reproductive health and then to her burden of morbidity and mortality in middle-age. ...
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The aim of this book has been to review the factors at each stage of a women's life that contribute first to her reproductive health and then to her burden of morbidity and mortality in middle-age. This chapter highlights some of the key findings, common themes, and gaps in knowledge raised by contributors to this book. Elucidating the complex pathways between childhood and adult life presents theoretical and methodological challenges for life course epidemiology and some of these are discussed briefly. The chapter concludes by commenting on the relevance of the book's findings for policy and for understanding the future health of women born in the post-war period who are just reaching middle-age.Less
The aim of this book has been to review the factors at each stage of a women's life that contribute first to her reproductive health and then to her burden of morbidity and mortality in middle-age. This chapter highlights some of the key findings, common themes, and gaps in knowledge raised by contributors to this book. Elucidating the complex pathways between childhood and adult life presents theoretical and methodological challenges for life course epidemiology and some of these are discussed briefly. The chapter concludes by commenting on the relevance of the book's findings for policy and for understanding the future health of women born in the post-war period who are just reaching middle-age.
