Rijk van Dijk
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- January 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780197265680
- eISBN:
- 9780191771910
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197265680.003.0016
- Subject:
- Anthropology, African Cultural Anthropology
The chapters in this book demonstrate how transnational connections in Africa often appear as a source of ambiguity in formations that otherwise are ideologically perceived as bounded, autonomous ...
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The chapters in this book demonstrate how transnational connections in Africa often appear as a source of ambiguity in formations that otherwise are ideologically perceived as bounded, autonomous entities. The experience of the transnational is often fraught with sentiments, ranging from fear to fascination, from anxiety to hope and aspiration. Given this dynamic of both anxiety about and eagerness for engaging in transnational relations, the Epilogue argues that there is a socially felt need among religious groups in many African societies for developing a transnational competence, especially in the sensitive field of HIV/AIDS, in order to successfully manage engagement with transnational relations and connections. This is grounded in the experience that, on the one hand, transnational connections have indeed allowed local people, organisations and institutions to make big steps forward in using religious linkages in the fight against AIDS and in changing notions of sexuality. Yet, on the other hand, while these connections are often being celebrated locally, the Epilogue argues that the enormous strains transnational relations can create for the local communities and organisations to live up to the expectations of external partners, donors and policies, should not be overlooked.Less
The chapters in this book demonstrate how transnational connections in Africa often appear as a source of ambiguity in formations that otherwise are ideologically perceived as bounded, autonomous entities. The experience of the transnational is often fraught with sentiments, ranging from fear to fascination, from anxiety to hope and aspiration. Given this dynamic of both anxiety about and eagerness for engaging in transnational relations, the Epilogue argues that there is a socially felt need among religious groups in many African societies for developing a transnational competence, especially in the sensitive field of HIV/AIDS, in order to successfully manage engagement with transnational relations and connections. This is grounded in the experience that, on the one hand, transnational connections have indeed allowed local people, organisations and institutions to make big steps forward in using religious linkages in the fight against AIDS and in changing notions of sexuality. Yet, on the other hand, while these connections are often being celebrated locally, the Epilogue argues that the enormous strains transnational relations can create for the local communities and organisations to live up to the expectations of external partners, donors and policies, should not be overlooked.
Ousmane Oumar Kane
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- May 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199732302
- eISBN:
- 9780199894611
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199732302.003.0006
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society, Islam
This chapter discusses the efforts of immigrants and religious actors in a home country to build and sustain a transnational spiritual economy. Specialists in the production and dissemination of ...
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This chapter discusses the efforts of immigrants and religious actors in a home country to build and sustain a transnational spiritual economy. Specialists in the production and dissemination of goods of salvation in this world (health, prosperity, good luck) and in the next make regular trips to America. Their visits and the activities and events surrounding them have become institutionalized. The impact they have in the host society and the home country is studied, with some illustrations.Less
This chapter discusses the efforts of immigrants and religious actors in a home country to build and sustain a transnational spiritual economy. Specialists in the production and dissemination of goods of salvation in this world (health, prosperity, good luck) and in the next make regular trips to America. Their visits and the activities and events surrounding them have become institutionalized. The impact they have in the host society and the home country is studied, with some illustrations.
Louise Mubanda Rasmussen
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- January 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780197265680
- eISBN:
- 9780191771910
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197265680.003.0007
- Subject:
- Anthropology, African Cultural Anthropology
Ethnographic research with different Catholic HIV/AIDS projects in Uganda revealed a remarkable contrast between HIV prevention and HIV counselling with regard to the condom question. Whereas HIV ...
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Ethnographic research with different Catholic HIV/AIDS projects in Uganda revealed a remarkable contrast between HIV prevention and HIV counselling with regard to the condom question. Whereas HIV prevention facilitators usually followed the official Catholic policy and discouraged condom use, HIV counsellors most often encouraged their clients to use condoms. Taking this contrast as a starting point, this chapter analyses the position and practices of HIV counsellors in Catholic HIV/AIDS projects in Uganda. It focuses on the way counsellors negotiate and transform counselling techniques and notions of appropriate sexuality in the context of ARV treatment, and how these negotiations are connected to both transnational dynamics and local moral discourses. The chapter illustrates how the local professional identity of HIV counsellors and the transnational relations of the ART scale-up project appear to structure the counsellors’ approach to condom use much more than the official policy of the Catholic Church.Less
Ethnographic research with different Catholic HIV/AIDS projects in Uganda revealed a remarkable contrast between HIV prevention and HIV counselling with regard to the condom question. Whereas HIV prevention facilitators usually followed the official Catholic policy and discouraged condom use, HIV counsellors most often encouraged their clients to use condoms. Taking this contrast as a starting point, this chapter analyses the position and practices of HIV counsellors in Catholic HIV/AIDS projects in Uganda. It focuses on the way counsellors negotiate and transform counselling techniques and notions of appropriate sexuality in the context of ARV treatment, and how these negotiations are connected to both transnational dynamics and local moral discourses. The chapter illustrates how the local professional identity of HIV counsellors and the transnational relations of the ART scale-up project appear to structure the counsellors’ approach to condom use much more than the official policy of the Catholic Church.
Marianne Holm Pedersen
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- September 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780719089589
- eISBN:
- 9781781706930
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719089589.003.0007
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Anthropology, Global
This chapter situates Iraqi women’s articulations of belonging in relation to the political contexts of Danish society and the Iraqi place of origin. Due to the political transformations in Iraq ...
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This chapter situates Iraqi women’s articulations of belonging in relation to the political contexts of Danish society and the Iraqi place of origin. Due to the political transformations in Iraq since 2003, Iraqi families can engage in different levels of transnational relations. Participation in the first Iraqi elections provides a sense of influence, but also serves to create new opportunities in Danish society. Visits to Iraq re-activate relations to women’s places of origin, but also calls into question the strength of family relations. The analysis shows that while the frequently cited distinction between ‘ways of being’ and ‘ways of belonging’ may be very helpful in understanding migrants’ relations to abstract collectivities, in their personal relations notions of identity cannot be separated from social practice. Finally, the Iraqi women may experience that they have gone through a process of localisation in Copenhagen, but they are not acknowledged as belonging there by the majority society. Public debates and political discussions leave little space for the Iraqi women to develop a sense of belonging to Danish society. The chapter points to the discrepancies between the politics of belonging in Denmark and women’s personal experiences.Less
This chapter situates Iraqi women’s articulations of belonging in relation to the political contexts of Danish society and the Iraqi place of origin. Due to the political transformations in Iraq since 2003, Iraqi families can engage in different levels of transnational relations. Participation in the first Iraqi elections provides a sense of influence, but also serves to create new opportunities in Danish society. Visits to Iraq re-activate relations to women’s places of origin, but also calls into question the strength of family relations. The analysis shows that while the frequently cited distinction between ‘ways of being’ and ‘ways of belonging’ may be very helpful in understanding migrants’ relations to abstract collectivities, in their personal relations notions of identity cannot be separated from social practice. Finally, the Iraqi women may experience that they have gone through a process of localisation in Copenhagen, but they are not acknowledged as belonging there by the majority society. Public debates and political discussions leave little space for the Iraqi women to develop a sense of belonging to Danish society. The chapter points to the discrepancies between the politics of belonging in Denmark and women’s personal experiences.
Kiran Mirchandani
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780801450648
- eISBN:
- 9780801464140
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9780801450648.003.0008
- Subject:
- Sociology, Occupations, Professions, and Work
This book has explored the authenticity work of customer service workers in India, revealing the proactive, conscious, and continual negotiation of sameness and difference that characterizes the ...
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This book has explored the authenticity work of customer service workers in India, revealing the proactive, conscious, and continual negotiation of sameness and difference that characterizes the transnational service economy. It has shown how authenticity work sheds light on the work of establishing legitimacy in the context of colonial histories and transnational economic relations. It has considered how authenticity work requires Indian customer service agents to be phone clones—simultaneously similar and different from their Western customers. The book concludes by discussing the notion of authenticity in relation to the microprocesses of economic globalization. It argues that call center agents suffer from a gaping hole in regulatory entitlements in the context of contemporary neoliberalism, such as employer violations of their terms of employment.Less
This book has explored the authenticity work of customer service workers in India, revealing the proactive, conscious, and continual negotiation of sameness and difference that characterizes the transnational service economy. It has shown how authenticity work sheds light on the work of establishing legitimacy in the context of colonial histories and transnational economic relations. It has considered how authenticity work requires Indian customer service agents to be phone clones—simultaneously similar and different from their Western customers. The book concludes by discussing the notion of authenticity in relation to the microprocesses of economic globalization. It argues that call center agents suffer from a gaping hole in regulatory entitlements in the context of contemporary neoliberalism, such as employer violations of their terms of employment.
Ousmane Oumar Kane
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- May 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199732302
- eISBN:
- 9780199894611
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199732302.003.0002
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society, Islam
This chapter offers a broad overview of the religious experience of Senegalese in the 20th century and analyzes the formation of the Senegalese religious landscape and how it relates to modern ...
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This chapter offers a broad overview of the religious experience of Senegalese in the 20th century and analyzes the formation of the Senegalese religious landscape and how it relates to modern society and the state. This helps with the understanding of the religious associational life of the Senegalese in America, as well as the types of transnational relations developed by migrants.Less
This chapter offers a broad overview of the religious experience of Senegalese in the 20th century and analyzes the formation of the Senegalese religious landscape and how it relates to modern society and the state. This helps with the understanding of the religious associational life of the Senegalese in America, as well as the types of transnational relations developed by migrants.
Thomas Davies
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- December 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199387533
- eISBN:
- 9780190235642
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199387533.003.0003
- Subject:
- History, Political History
In contrast to conventional studies that interpret the interwar period in state-centric terms, this chapter reveals the wide variety of transnational relations that developed at that time. It ...
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In contrast to conventional studies that interpret the interwar period in state-centric terms, this chapter reveals the wide variety of transnational relations that developed at that time. It commences by showing how, despite its short-term deleterious consequences for transnational civil society, the First World War provided opportunities for a new generation of international NGOs to develop. These associations were influential at the Paris Peace Conference and they established extensive working relations with the League of Nations, with their influence peaking at the World Disarmament Conference. However, the chapter also shows how factors that in the short term had facilitated the expansion of transnational civil society were in the long term to contribute towards its contraction in the period from the Great Depression to the Second World War.Less
In contrast to conventional studies that interpret the interwar period in state-centric terms, this chapter reveals the wide variety of transnational relations that developed at that time. It commences by showing how, despite its short-term deleterious consequences for transnational civil society, the First World War provided opportunities for a new generation of international NGOs to develop. These associations were influential at the Paris Peace Conference and they established extensive working relations with the League of Nations, with their influence peaking at the World Disarmament Conference. However, the chapter also shows how factors that in the short term had facilitated the expansion of transnational civil society were in the long term to contribute towards its contraction in the period from the Great Depression to the Second World War.
Ulla D. Berg
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- March 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781479803460
- eISBN:
- 9781479863778
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9781479803460.003.0005
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Latin American Cultural Anthropology
This chapter talks about the role of visuality in the production of transnationally mediated social relations. It examines how different genres of “migrant videos” are produced, circulated, viewed, ...
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This chapter talks about the role of visuality in the production of transnationally mediated social relations. It examines how different genres of “migrant videos” are produced, circulated, viewed, signified, and talked about by members of a particular transnational migration circuit. The chapter identifies three genres of “migrant videos”: video letters (video-cartas), remittance videos, and fiesta videos, in an attempt to classify and account for particular types of videos produced by and for migrants. The concept of visual economy is crucial to understanding the circulation of videos, especially with regard to the issues central to the production of visual narratives such as framing, editing, and encoding. The remainder of the chapter reflects upon a video practice, which includes shooting footage in several locations and eliciting responses from participants both in Peru and in the United States.Less
This chapter talks about the role of visuality in the production of transnationally mediated social relations. It examines how different genres of “migrant videos” are produced, circulated, viewed, signified, and talked about by members of a particular transnational migration circuit. The chapter identifies three genres of “migrant videos”: video letters (video-cartas), remittance videos, and fiesta videos, in an attempt to classify and account for particular types of videos produced by and for migrants. The concept of visual economy is crucial to understanding the circulation of videos, especially with regard to the issues central to the production of visual narratives such as framing, editing, and encoding. The remainder of the chapter reflects upon a video practice, which includes shooting footage in several locations and eliciting responses from participants both in Peru and in the United States.
Geraldine Pratt and Victoria Rosner
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- November 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780231154499
- eISBN:
- 9780231520843
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231154499.003.0016
- Subject:
- Sociology, Gender and Sexuality
This book is a collection of sixteen essays that explore the ways in which the global and the intimate, typically imagined as mutually exclusive spheres, are profoundly intertwined. It instantiates ...
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This book is a collection of sixteen essays that explore the ways in which the global and the intimate, typically imagined as mutually exclusive spheres, are profoundly intertwined. It instantiates feminism as the crucial third term between the global and the intimate, thus extending a longstanding feminist tradition of challenging gender-based oppositions by upending hierarchies of space and scale, while raising the possibility of allowing feminists to steer a somewhat different course through processes of globalization and relations of intimacy. It also highlights the patterns that recur when gender, sex, and the global imaginary combine, along with the global forces that undergird personal experience and exchange. Finally, it considers how national visions of the global, particularly those located in the global north, tend to exclude anything that does not align with assumptions of northern hegemony and centrality. By placing the global and the intimate into near relation, the book hopes to forge a distinctively feminist approach to pressing questions of transnational relations, economic development, global feminist mobilization, and intercultural exchange.Less
This book is a collection of sixteen essays that explore the ways in which the global and the intimate, typically imagined as mutually exclusive spheres, are profoundly intertwined. It instantiates feminism as the crucial third term between the global and the intimate, thus extending a longstanding feminist tradition of challenging gender-based oppositions by upending hierarchies of space and scale, while raising the possibility of allowing feminists to steer a somewhat different course through processes of globalization and relations of intimacy. It also highlights the patterns that recur when gender, sex, and the global imaginary combine, along with the global forces that undergird personal experience and exchange. Finally, it considers how national visions of the global, particularly those located in the global north, tend to exclude anything that does not align with assumptions of northern hegemony and centrality. By placing the global and the intimate into near relation, the book hopes to forge a distinctively feminist approach to pressing questions of transnational relations, economic development, global feminist mobilization, and intercultural exchange.
Christer Jönsson
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780198783862
- eISBN:
- 9780191826511
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198783862.003.0011
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
Diplomacy can be seen as an ancient, perennial international institution. Diplomats are, and have always been, engaged not only in boundary drawing. Equally important is their role as ...
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Diplomacy can be seen as an ancient, perennial international institution. Diplomats are, and have always been, engaged not only in boundary drawing. Equally important is their role as boundary-spanning agents. Diplomats occupy positions between human communities. Changes in international society have affected, and will affect, the evolution of diplomacy. One fundamental contemporary change is that “actorness” on the global stage is no longer monopolized by states. In the contemporary world, supranational as well as subnational actors participate in world politics. In addition, there are increasingly transgovernmental and transnational dimensions of diplomacy. The question whether these developments herald a moment of transformation defies a definitive answer. The transgovernmental and transnational challenges appear to have more transformative potential than the supranational and subnational ones.Less
Diplomacy can be seen as an ancient, perennial international institution. Diplomats are, and have always been, engaged not only in boundary drawing. Equally important is their role as boundary-spanning agents. Diplomats occupy positions between human communities. Changes in international society have affected, and will affect, the evolution of diplomacy. One fundamental contemporary change is that “actorness” on the global stage is no longer monopolized by states. In the contemporary world, supranational as well as subnational actors participate in world politics. In addition, there are increasingly transgovernmental and transnational dimensions of diplomacy. The question whether these developments herald a moment of transformation defies a definitive answer. The transgovernmental and transnational challenges appear to have more transformative potential than the supranational and subnational ones.
