Monika Baár
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199581184
- eISBN:
- 9780191722806
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199581184.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History
The introductory chapter defines the book's major aim, which lies in investigating the life‐work of five historians in comparative and transnational perspective and ascertaining their place in the ...
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The introductory chapter defines the book's major aim, which lies in investigating the life‐work of five historians in comparative and transnational perspective and ascertaining their place in the intellectual landscape of nineteenth‐century historiography. They are: Joachim Lelewel (Polish, 1786–1861), Simonas Daukantas (Lithuanian, 1793–1864), František Palacký (Czech, 1798–1876), Mihály Horváth (Hungarian, 1804–78), Mihail Kogălniceanu (Romanian, 1818–91). The chapter surveys existing literature and identifies a gap in historiographical literature that exists between large‐scale general accounts and individual case studies and defines the book's scope between these two categories. It takes issue with the widely held view that smaller and marginal historical traditions were necessarily ‘backward’ and thus incapable of producing worthwhile contributions. It also challenges other established perceptions regarding the differences between nationalism in Western and Eastern Europe, especially with the view that intense political engagement was a trait peculiar to historians of Eastern Europe. It then goes on to address the methodological difficulties inherent in transnational comparison and, finally, introduces the major themes of the book.Less
The introductory chapter defines the book's major aim, which lies in investigating the life‐work of five historians in comparative and transnational perspective and ascertaining their place in the intellectual landscape of nineteenth‐century historiography. They are: Joachim Lelewel (Polish, 1786–1861), Simonas Daukantas (Lithuanian, 1793–1864), František Palacký (Czech, 1798–1876), Mihály Horváth (Hungarian, 1804–78), Mihail Kogălniceanu (Romanian, 1818–91). The chapter surveys existing literature and identifies a gap in historiographical literature that exists between large‐scale general accounts and individual case studies and defines the book's scope between these two categories. It takes issue with the widely held view that smaller and marginal historical traditions were necessarily ‘backward’ and thus incapable of producing worthwhile contributions. It also challenges other established perceptions regarding the differences between nationalism in Western and Eastern Europe, especially with the view that intense political engagement was a trait peculiar to historians of Eastern Europe. It then goes on to address the methodological difficulties inherent in transnational comparison and, finally, introduces the major themes of the book.
Lisa Rose Mar
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199733132
- eISBN:
- 9780199866533
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199733132.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, World Modern History, World Medieval History
This work traces several generations of Chinese “brokers,” ethnic leaders who acted as intermediaries between the Chinese and Anglo worlds of Canada. At the time, most Chinese could not vote and many ...
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This work traces several generations of Chinese “brokers,” ethnic leaders who acted as intermediaries between the Chinese and Anglo worlds of Canada. At the time, most Chinese could not vote and many were illegal immigrants, so brokers played informal but necessary roles as representatives to the larger society. Brokers’ work reveals the changing boundaries between Chinese and Anglo worlds and how tensions among Chinese shaped them. By reinserting Chinese back into mainstream politics, this book alters common understandings of how legally “alien” groups helped create modern immigrant nations. Over several generations, brokers deeply embedded Chinese immigrants in the larger Canadian, U.S., and Chinese politics of their time. On the nineteenth-century Western frontier, Chinese businessmen competed with each other to represent their community. By the early 1920s, a new generation of brokers based in social movements challenged traditional brokers, shifting the power dynamic within the Chinese community. During the Second World War, social movements helped reconfigure both brokerage and race relations. Based on new Chinese language evidence, this book recounts history from the “middle,” a view that is neither bottom up nor top down. Through brokerage, Chinese wielded considerable influence, navigating a period of anti-Asian sentiment and exclusion throughout society. Consequently, Chinese immigrants became significant players in race relations, influencing policies that affected all Canadians and Americans.Less
This work traces several generations of Chinese “brokers,” ethnic leaders who acted as intermediaries between the Chinese and Anglo worlds of Canada. At the time, most Chinese could not vote and many were illegal immigrants, so brokers played informal but necessary roles as representatives to the larger society. Brokers’ work reveals the changing boundaries between Chinese and Anglo worlds and how tensions among Chinese shaped them. By reinserting Chinese back into mainstream politics, this book alters common understandings of how legally “alien” groups helped create modern immigrant nations. Over several generations, brokers deeply embedded Chinese immigrants in the larger Canadian, U.S., and Chinese politics of their time. On the nineteenth-century Western frontier, Chinese businessmen competed with each other to represent their community. By the early 1920s, a new generation of brokers based in social movements challenged traditional brokers, shifting the power dynamic within the Chinese community. During the Second World War, social movements helped reconfigure both brokerage and race relations. Based on new Chinese language evidence, this book recounts history from the “middle,” a view that is neither bottom up nor top down. Through brokerage, Chinese wielded considerable influence, navigating a period of anti-Asian sentiment and exclusion throughout society. Consequently, Chinese immigrants became significant players in race relations, influencing policies that affected all Canadians and Americans.
Jocelyn Olcott
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- March 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780814758908
- eISBN:
- 9780814759226
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9780814758908.003.0010
- Subject:
- History, Cultural History
This chapter examines the recent union of transnational history and feminist history that has resulted in a field called transnational feminist history, which it describes as sharing core values, ...
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This chapter examines the recent union of transnational history and feminist history that has resulted in a field called transnational feminist history, which it describes as sharing core values, especially in disrupting conventional narratives by decentering those actors and processes that have often dominated historical studies. It first provides an overview of transnational history and transnational feminism before discussing four areas of inquiry important in both fields and that highlight the cross-fertilization between them: periodization, politics of place, identification, and infrastructures and social movements. It also explains how transnational feminist history brings to the fore international organizations crossing borders, allowing women to develop feminist consciousness.Less
This chapter examines the recent union of transnational history and feminist history that has resulted in a field called transnational feminist history, which it describes as sharing core values, especially in disrupting conventional narratives by decentering those actors and processes that have often dominated historical studies. It first provides an overview of transnational history and transnational feminism before discussing four areas of inquiry important in both fields and that highlight the cross-fertilization between them: periodization, politics of place, identification, and infrastructures and social movements. It also explains how transnational feminist history brings to the fore international organizations crossing borders, allowing women to develop feminist consciousness.
Monika Baár
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199581184
- eISBN:
- 9780191722806
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199581184.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History
Peripheral cultures have been largely absent from the European canon of historiography. The principal aim of this book is to contribute to redressing the balance. It does so by offering an insight ...
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Peripheral cultures have been largely absent from the European canon of historiography. The principal aim of this book is to contribute to redressing the balance. It does so by offering an insight into the complexities of historical writing in nineteenth‐century East‐Central Europe and by ascertaining this tradition's place within the European historiographical heritage. At the core of the book lies a comparative analysis of the life‐work of five prominent scholars: Joachim Lelewel (Polish); Simonas Daukantas (Lithuanian); František Palacký (Czech); Mihály Horváth (Hungarian) and Mihail Kogălniceanu (Romanian). Rather than approaching these scholars' historical achievements from a narrow perspective, the book accommodates them in the context of their promotion of a unified vision of national culture. It discusses their accomplishments in the fields of language and literature, their pursuits in publishing journals and primary sources, and their contribution to the institutionalization and professionalization of the historical discipline.Through the reconstruction of these scholars' shared intellectual background and an in‐depth analysis of their historical narrative the author puts forward the claim that the five historians' professional and political agenda, influenced predominantly by liberalism and Romanticism, shared far more with their contemporaries elsewhere than has previously been assumed and thus renders them genuine representatives of a common European tradition.Less
Peripheral cultures have been largely absent from the European canon of historiography. The principal aim of this book is to contribute to redressing the balance. It does so by offering an insight into the complexities of historical writing in nineteenth‐century East‐Central Europe and by ascertaining this tradition's place within the European historiographical heritage. At the core of the book lies a comparative analysis of the life‐work of five prominent scholars: Joachim Lelewel (Polish); Simonas Daukantas (Lithuanian); František Palacký (Czech); Mihály Horváth (Hungarian) and Mihail Kogălniceanu (Romanian). Rather than approaching these scholars' historical achievements from a narrow perspective, the book accommodates them in the context of their promotion of a unified vision of national culture. It discusses their accomplishments in the fields of language and literature, their pursuits in publishing journals and primary sources, and their contribution to the institutionalization and professionalization of the historical discipline.Through the reconstruction of these scholars' shared intellectual background and an in‐depth analysis of their historical narrative the author puts forward the claim that the five historians' professional and political agenda, influenced predominantly by liberalism and Romanticism, shared far more with their contemporaries elsewhere than has previously been assumed and thus renders them genuine representatives of a common European tradition.
Thomas Davies
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- December 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199387533
- eISBN:
- 9780190235642
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199387533.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, Political History
The opening chapter highlights five ways in which the book challenges conventional wisdom on transnational civil society in global governance by revealing (i) that international NGOs have a longer ...
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The opening chapter highlights five ways in which the book challenges conventional wisdom on transnational civil society in global governance by revealing (i) that international NGOs have a longer history than is often assumed; (ii) the Eastern as well as Western roots of international NGOs; (iii) the considerable breadth of issues in which international NGOs are active; (iv) the cyclicality of the evolution of transnational civil society; and (v) the multiple factors responsible for this pattern of evolution. A chart of these factors including economic, environmental, social and technological developments in addition to political factors both external and internal to transnational civil society is provided and explained. The wide range of historical sources relevant to a work of transnational history such as this volume is also outlined, emphasising the significance of both official and unofficial records, and the limitations of each.Less
The opening chapter highlights five ways in which the book challenges conventional wisdom on transnational civil society in global governance by revealing (i) that international NGOs have a longer history than is often assumed; (ii) the Eastern as well as Western roots of international NGOs; (iii) the considerable breadth of issues in which international NGOs are active; (iv) the cyclicality of the evolution of transnational civil society; and (v) the multiple factors responsible for this pattern of evolution. A chart of these factors including economic, environmental, social and technological developments in addition to political factors both external and internal to transnational civil society is provided and explained. The wide range of historical sources relevant to a work of transnational history such as this volume is also outlined, emphasising the significance of both official and unofficial records, and the limitations of each.
Lizabeth Cohen
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780801451409
- eISBN:
- 9780801465642
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9780801451409.003.0003
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
This chapter presents two interrelated goals: first, to evaluate the state of the field of U.S. history in the twentieth century, with an emphasis on how historians might advance the field; second, ...
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This chapter presents two interrelated goals: first, to evaluate the state of the field of U.S. history in the twentieth century, with an emphasis on how historians might advance the field; second, to consider how these goals for future work might be addressed by studies of U.S. Catholicism. The chapter offers a “broadband” transnational history able to take advantage of the gains made by social historians since the 1970s, but also attune itself to new global values. This kind of broadband approach expands the cast of influential actors beyond what the first generation of internationalizing historians has considered. The twentieth-century fields that have most effectively probed the possibilities for broadband transnational American history are the histories of immigration and of the civil rights movement, particularly during the Cold War era.Less
This chapter presents two interrelated goals: first, to evaluate the state of the field of U.S. history in the twentieth century, with an emphasis on how historians might advance the field; second, to consider how these goals for future work might be addressed by studies of U.S. Catholicism. The chapter offers a “broadband” transnational history able to take advantage of the gains made by social historians since the 1970s, but also attune itself to new global values. This kind of broadband approach expands the cast of influential actors beyond what the first generation of internationalizing historians has considered. The twentieth-century fields that have most effectively probed the possibilities for broadband transnational American history are the histories of immigration and of the civil rights movement, particularly during the Cold War era.
Holger Nehring
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199681228
- eISBN:
- 9780191761188
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199681228.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History, European Modern History
This book focuses on a number of peace movements in Britain and West Germany from the end of Second World War in 1945 to the early 1970s in order to answer this question. Britons and West Germans had ...
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This book focuses on a number of peace movements in Britain and West Germany from the end of Second World War in 1945 to the early 1970s in order to answer this question. Britons and West Germans had been fierce enemies in the Second World War, but after 1945 a substantial number of activists in both countries imagined themselves to be part of a common movement against nuclear armaments and for peace and security. Politics of Security tells the story of how people experienced the cold war as a war. It is about the impact of the cold war on political cultures. This crucial issue is often forgotten in historical memory. In particular, the book follows British and West German anti-nuclear weapons activists in their attempts to campaign for and create security after the destruction of the Second World War, and how their own version of security clashed with concepts advanced by their own governments. But the book also demonstrates how, as part of the protests against nuclear weapons, activists and their societies learned to live with the Bomb: the book recounts how activists first discovered the dangers of nuclear weapons, but how a different generation of activists came to focus on other issues as the Vietnam War became their primary concern. And it makes comprehensible how activists two societies who had fought each other fiercely in the battle of dictatorships and democracies of the Second World War could now come to see each other as part of a common campaign. Fundamentally, with its transnational approach, the book highlights how these two societies with very different experiences and memories of the cruelties and atrocities of the Second World War, drew on very similar arguments when they came to understand the cold war through the prism of the previous world war. The book is the first to capture in a transnational fashion what activists did on the marches and what it meant to them and to others. The book thus reminds us that threats are not merely out there, but that they need to be created in a political process that involves struggles for power and contestation.Less
This book focuses on a number of peace movements in Britain and West Germany from the end of Second World War in 1945 to the early 1970s in order to answer this question. Britons and West Germans had been fierce enemies in the Second World War, but after 1945 a substantial number of activists in both countries imagined themselves to be part of a common movement against nuclear armaments and for peace and security. Politics of Security tells the story of how people experienced the cold war as a war. It is about the impact of the cold war on political cultures. This crucial issue is often forgotten in historical memory. In particular, the book follows British and West German anti-nuclear weapons activists in their attempts to campaign for and create security after the destruction of the Second World War, and how their own version of security clashed with concepts advanced by their own governments. But the book also demonstrates how, as part of the protests against nuclear weapons, activists and their societies learned to live with the Bomb: the book recounts how activists first discovered the dangers of nuclear weapons, but how a different generation of activists came to focus on other issues as the Vietnam War became their primary concern. And it makes comprehensible how activists two societies who had fought each other fiercely in the battle of dictatorships and democracies of the Second World War could now come to see each other as part of a common campaign. Fundamentally, with its transnational approach, the book highlights how these two societies with very different experiences and memories of the cruelties and atrocities of the Second World War, drew on very similar arguments when they came to understand the cold war through the prism of the previous world war. The book is the first to capture in a transnational fashion what activists did on the marches and what it meant to them and to others. The book thus reminds us that threats are not merely out there, but that they need to be created in a political process that involves struggles for power and contestation.
Thomas Davies
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- December 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199387533
- eISBN:
- 9780190235642
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199387533.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, Political History
The concluding chapter argues that accounts of key developments in world history are incomplete without consideration of the role of transnational civil society. It also emphasises the cyclical ...
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The concluding chapter argues that accounts of key developments in world history are incomplete without consideration of the role of transnational civil society. It also emphasises the cyclical pattern in the evolution of international NGOs identified in the book, and provides summaries of the three major waves in the evolution of transnational civil society: the period to 1914, the interwar years, and the period since 1939. The factors responsible for the three waves are delineated, and it is shown that factors that in the short term may facilitate expansion may also in the long term facilitate contraction. The chapter concludes by considering the wide scope of potential future research into transnational history, as well as the future possibilities for transnational civil society in global governance, emphasising the importance of looking to past failures as well as apparent successes.Less
The concluding chapter argues that accounts of key developments in world history are incomplete without consideration of the role of transnational civil society. It also emphasises the cyclical pattern in the evolution of international NGOs identified in the book, and provides summaries of the three major waves in the evolution of transnational civil society: the period to 1914, the interwar years, and the period since 1939. The factors responsible for the three waves are delineated, and it is shown that factors that in the short term may facilitate expansion may also in the long term facilitate contraction. The chapter concludes by considering the wide scope of potential future research into transnational history, as well as the future possibilities for transnational civil society in global governance, emphasising the importance of looking to past failures as well as apparent successes.
John Krige
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- May 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780262027953
- eISBN:
- 9780262326100
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262027953.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, History of Science, Technology, and Medicine
This paper takes a transnational approach to the proliferation of space science and technology in the 1960s. It shows how the regulation of sensitive knowledge flows in the early cold war served as ...
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This paper takes a transnational approach to the proliferation of space science and technology in the 1960s. It shows how the regulation of sensitive knowledge flows in the early cold war served as an instrument of American foreign policy. Through standardization of practices and the construction of regulatory mechanisms the US sought to use its leadership in knowledge as a political weapon. It encouraged national space programs, enhanced European integration and interdependence, and tried to stop France’s technological ambitions undermining American hegemony in the region. It is stressed that patterns of international collaboration in space science and technology are shaped by state interests and that the global is constituted by state-driven strategies of inclusion/exclusion.Less
This paper takes a transnational approach to the proliferation of space science and technology in the 1960s. It shows how the regulation of sensitive knowledge flows in the early cold war served as an instrument of American foreign policy. Through standardization of practices and the construction of regulatory mechanisms the US sought to use its leadership in knowledge as a political weapon. It encouraged national space programs, enhanced European integration and interdependence, and tried to stop France’s technological ambitions undermining American hegemony in the region. It is stressed that patterns of international collaboration in space science and technology are shaped by state interests and that the global is constituted by state-driven strategies of inclusion/exclusion.
Kathy Peiss
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- March 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780814758908
- eISBN:
- 9780814759226
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9780814758908.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, Cultural History
This chapter traces the birth of professional women's and gender history in the United States amid the broader social, political, and intellectual currents of the 1960s. In particular, it examines ...
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This chapter traces the birth of professional women's and gender history in the United States amid the broader social, political, and intellectual currents of the 1960s. In particular, it examines four conceptual “turns” in women's and gender history, along with their influence on the practices of American historians and the study of women: the emergence of women's history as an intellectual pursuit; the shift in focus from women to gender; the interrelationships among gender analysis, poststructuralism, and cultural studies; and the increasing importance of transnational history. The chapter explains how writing women into history arose as a political project riding the crest of second-wave feminism and how the shift to gender history helped move women's history “from periphery to center” in the field of U.S. history.Less
This chapter traces the birth of professional women's and gender history in the United States amid the broader social, political, and intellectual currents of the 1960s. In particular, it examines four conceptual “turns” in women's and gender history, along with their influence on the practices of American historians and the study of women: the emergence of women's history as an intellectual pursuit; the shift in focus from women to gender; the interrelationships among gender analysis, poststructuralism, and cultural studies; and the increasing importance of transnational history. The chapter explains how writing women into history arose as a political project riding the crest of second-wave feminism and how the shift to gender history helped move women's history “from periphery to center” in the field of U.S. history.
