Samir Saul
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199269495
- eISBN:
- 9780191710162
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199269495.003.0007
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Finance, Accounting, and Banking
This chapter focuses on syndicates between Parisian banks from 1890 and 1914. It aims to establish the identity of the managers and participants in underwriting and issue consortia, to highlight ...
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This chapter focuses on syndicates between Parisian banks from 1890 and 1914. It aims to establish the identity of the managers and participants in underwriting and issue consortia, to highlight patterns of participation, and to draw a portrait of the Paris financial market from the angle of associations between its agents. Underwriting and issue syndicates are examined according to the identity of the manager, that is, the bank which contracted the operation with the issuer and the one most likely to bring its network into the syndicate.Less
This chapter focuses on syndicates between Parisian banks from 1890 and 1914. It aims to establish the identity of the managers and participants in underwriting and issue consortia, to highlight patterns of participation, and to draw a portrait of the Paris financial market from the angle of associations between its agents. Underwriting and issue syndicates are examined according to the identity of the manager, that is, the bank which contracted the operation with the issuer and the one most likely to bring its network into the syndicate.
Alan D. Morrison and William J. Wilhelm Jr.
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- May 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199296576
- eISBN:
- 9780191712036
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199296576.003.0006
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Financial Economics
The second half of the 19th century saw the high water mark for laissez-faire capitalism. Business people, politicians, and jurists were largely agreed that economic progress was best accomplished in ...
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The second half of the 19th century saw the high water mark for laissez-faire capitalism. Business people, politicians, and jurists were largely agreed that economic progress was best accomplished in free markets, supported by a minimal state. In this environment, investment banks were extremely important: they levered their reputations and their relationships to create the private laws that were needed to support large-scale financial capitalism. Technological advances forced the merchant banks mentioned in Chapter 5 to specialize in investment banking. This chapter discusses the role of the largest investment banks, and in particular of Kuhn Loeb and JP Morgan, in shaping modern corporate America. The investment banks invested investor activism, and they created the modern investment bank syndicate. In particular, their activist work with financially distressed corporations resulted in the development the ‘equity receivership’, the first coherent corporate bankruptcy law.Less
The second half of the 19th century saw the high water mark for laissez-faire capitalism. Business people, politicians, and jurists were largely agreed that economic progress was best accomplished in free markets, supported by a minimal state. In this environment, investment banks were extremely important: they levered their reputations and their relationships to create the private laws that were needed to support large-scale financial capitalism. Technological advances forced the merchant banks mentioned in Chapter 5 to specialize in investment banking. This chapter discusses the role of the largest investment banks, and in particular of Kuhn Loeb and JP Morgan, in shaping modern corporate America. The investment banks invested investor activism, and they created the modern investment bank syndicate. In particular, their activist work with financially distressed corporations resulted in the development the ‘equity receivership’, the first coherent corporate bankruptcy law.
Curtis J. Milhaupt and Mark D. West
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- August 2004
- ISBN:
- 9780199272112
- eISBN:
- 9780191601316
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199272115.003.0006
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Financial Economics
Examines the problem of organized crime. Shows how Japan's institutional environment for economic activity—specifically gaps between legal rights ‘on the books’ and the state's ability to enforce ...
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Examines the problem of organized crime. Shows how Japan's institutional environment for economic activity—specifically gaps between legal rights ‘on the books’ and the state's ability to enforce those rights in practice—have provided incentives for entrepreneurship on the dark side of society. Japanese organized crime syndicates, like other actors in the economy, respond to the rules of the game.Less
Examines the problem of organized crime. Shows how Japan's institutional environment for economic activity—specifically gaps between legal rights ‘on the books’ and the state's ability to enforce those rights in practice—have provided incentives for entrepreneurship on the dark side of society. Japanese organized crime syndicates, like other actors in the economy, respond to the rules of the game.
Christine B.N. Chin
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- May 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199890910
- eISBN:
- 9780199345489
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199890910.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics, Political Economy
This book introduces an innovative ‘3C’ framework of city, creativity, and cosmopolitanism to analyze why and how the forces of neoliberal economic restructuring processes, and people’s responses to ...
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This book introduces an innovative ‘3C’ framework of city, creativity, and cosmopolitanism to analyze why and how the forces of neoliberal economic restructuring processes, and people’s responses to them, encourage women’s migration for sex work from global city to global city. Based on original fieldwork in Kuala Lumpur (KL), the study begins by examining KL’s transformation into a global city. Despite the state’s creatively repressive responses to ‘illegal foreign prostitutes’, women from within and beyond the region find ways to enter for sex work. They travel on migratory pathways created from inter-global city collaboration and competition. Women’s decisions to migrate for sex work are based on and shaped by socioeconomic strategies crafted in the larger context of intersecting forces from the personal and household to the global levels. They migrate independently, with assistance from friends or from syndicates. This book offers an unprecedented examination of one KL syndicate specializing in non-trafficked migrant women. ‘Syndicate X’ arranges migrant women’s transportation, housing, security and sex work in exchange for monthly board and lodging fees and ‘taxes’ on their incomes. Analysis of migrant women’s and syndicate personnel’s encounters with difference in the global city at once evince emerging cosmopolitan subjectivities and affirm colonial-like ascriptions and ensuing worldviews and treatments of the Other. In the three dimensions of city, creativity, and cosmopolitanism, we find the common denominator of classed, gendered, and racialised-ethnicised forces that shape, and are shaped by relationships between state policies, public discourse, migrant women and syndicate personnel.Less
This book introduces an innovative ‘3C’ framework of city, creativity, and cosmopolitanism to analyze why and how the forces of neoliberal economic restructuring processes, and people’s responses to them, encourage women’s migration for sex work from global city to global city. Based on original fieldwork in Kuala Lumpur (KL), the study begins by examining KL’s transformation into a global city. Despite the state’s creatively repressive responses to ‘illegal foreign prostitutes’, women from within and beyond the region find ways to enter for sex work. They travel on migratory pathways created from inter-global city collaboration and competition. Women’s decisions to migrate for sex work are based on and shaped by socioeconomic strategies crafted in the larger context of intersecting forces from the personal and household to the global levels. They migrate independently, with assistance from friends or from syndicates. This book offers an unprecedented examination of one KL syndicate specializing in non-trafficked migrant women. ‘Syndicate X’ arranges migrant women’s transportation, housing, security and sex work in exchange for monthly board and lodging fees and ‘taxes’ on their incomes. Analysis of migrant women’s and syndicate personnel’s encounters with difference in the global city at once evince emerging cosmopolitan subjectivities and affirm colonial-like ascriptions and ensuing worldviews and treatments of the Other. In the three dimensions of city, creativity, and cosmopolitanism, we find the common denominator of classed, gendered, and racialised-ethnicised forces that shape, and are shaped by relationships between state policies, public discourse, migrant women and syndicate personnel.
Julia Guarneri
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780226341330
- eISBN:
- 9780226341477
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226341477.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
The fifth chapter reveals, through a case study of Milwaukee, how newspaper syndicates and chains created and distributed national culture. Around the turn of the century, syndicates began to sell ...
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The fifth chapter reveals, through a case study of Milwaukee, how newspaper syndicates and chains created and distributed national culture. Around the turn of the century, syndicates began to sell the same news articles, features, and illustrations to dozens or even hundreds of different newspapers around the country. Meanwhile publishers such as William Randolph Hearst and E. W. Scripps bought up multiple papers and formed chains, which shared reports and features among themselves. By the 1910s and 1920s, most of the articles that Americans read in their local papers had either been bought or sold on the national news market. By suggesting that many other places were worth knowing about, newspapers stocked with syndicated features from around the world transitioned U.S. citizens away from strict provincialism and toward more national and global concerns. As they broadened readers’ horizons, though, these newspapers also homogenized Americans’ vocabularies and experiences. Milwaukee’s distinctively German-influenced and left-leaning local culture appeared less and less frequently in the city’s papers. Instead, Milwaukee papers printed syndicated material that fostered a more generic but broadly intelligible national culture.Less
The fifth chapter reveals, through a case study of Milwaukee, how newspaper syndicates and chains created and distributed national culture. Around the turn of the century, syndicates began to sell the same news articles, features, and illustrations to dozens or even hundreds of different newspapers around the country. Meanwhile publishers such as William Randolph Hearst and E. W. Scripps bought up multiple papers and formed chains, which shared reports and features among themselves. By the 1910s and 1920s, most of the articles that Americans read in their local papers had either been bought or sold on the national news market. By suggesting that many other places were worth knowing about, newspapers stocked with syndicated features from around the world transitioned U.S. citizens away from strict provincialism and toward more national and global concerns. As they broadened readers’ horizons, though, these newspapers also homogenized Americans’ vocabularies and experiences. Milwaukee’s distinctively German-influenced and left-leaning local culture appeared less and less frequently in the city’s papers. Instead, Milwaukee papers printed syndicated material that fostered a more generic but broadly intelligible national culture.
Christine B. N. Chin
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- May 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199890910
- eISBN:
- 9780199345489
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199890910.003.0005
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics, Political Economy
Chapter Five examines ‘Syndicate X’ (pseudonym), its historical origins, organization structure and operations. This syndicate is one of the largest groups specializing exclusively in non-trafficked ...
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Chapter Five examines ‘Syndicate X’ (pseudonym), its historical origins, organization structure and operations. This syndicate is one of the largest groups specializing exclusively in non-trafficked transnational migrant women sex workers. The syndicate and its counterparts are anchors in KL’s migration-ancillary industry for sex work (e.g., ancillary partners such as money changers or hawala, and alliances with overseas syndicates). This chapter discusses why and how Syndicate X morphed from a hierarchical Chinese triad or secret society controlling on-street Malaysian women sex workers, to a more horizontal corporate-like enterprise specializing in up-market sexual services performed by transnational migrant women (especially those on the ‘Asian Circuit’ of sex work). Syndicate X brings in women of different nationalities and provides them with board and lodging, personal security and men clientele in exchange for monthly board and lodging fees and taxes on women’s incomes. Shaped by KL’s history of race relations, the racialisation of Syndicate X and migrant women also is examined in this chapter.Less
Chapter Five examines ‘Syndicate X’ (pseudonym), its historical origins, organization structure and operations. This syndicate is one of the largest groups specializing exclusively in non-trafficked transnational migrant women sex workers. The syndicate and its counterparts are anchors in KL’s migration-ancillary industry for sex work (e.g., ancillary partners such as money changers or hawala, and alliances with overseas syndicates). This chapter discusses why and how Syndicate X morphed from a hierarchical Chinese triad or secret society controlling on-street Malaysian women sex workers, to a more horizontal corporate-like enterprise specializing in up-market sexual services performed by transnational migrant women (especially those on the ‘Asian Circuit’ of sex work). Syndicate X brings in women of different nationalities and provides them with board and lodging, personal security and men clientele in exchange for monthly board and lodging fees and taxes on women’s incomes. Shaped by KL’s history of race relations, the racialisation of Syndicate X and migrant women also is examined in this chapter.
Ashby Monk, Rajiv Sharma, and Duncan L. Sinclair
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- January 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781503601789
- eISBN:
- 9781503602755
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Stanford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.11126/stanford/9781503601789.003.0002
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Financial Economics
Drawing on social capital theory, this chapter provides the key theoretical validation for why it is crucial for institutional investors to build their social capital. It argues that one of the key ...
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Drawing on social capital theory, this chapter provides the key theoretical validation for why it is crucial for institutional investors to build their social capital. It argues that one of the key value propositions of financial intermediaries is the network that they are able to tap into when facilitating the investment management process, whether it be for sourcing opportunities, attracting investor capital, or acquiring proprietary knowledge. This argument is backed up by the literature, specifically when one understands in detail the structural, relational, and cognitive dimensions of social capital. The chapter provides practical guidance on how institutional investors can overcome some of their own long-term investment challenges by building an effective and efficient network. After providing key considerations for network-building, the chapter analyzes some of the major membership and roundtable initiatives that have been created to help institutional investors collaborate and achieve their long-term investment objectives.Less
Drawing on social capital theory, this chapter provides the key theoretical validation for why it is crucial for institutional investors to build their social capital. It argues that one of the key value propositions of financial intermediaries is the network that they are able to tap into when facilitating the investment management process, whether it be for sourcing opportunities, attracting investor capital, or acquiring proprietary knowledge. This argument is backed up by the literature, specifically when one understands in detail the structural, relational, and cognitive dimensions of social capital. The chapter provides practical guidance on how institutional investors can overcome some of their own long-term investment challenges by building an effective and efficient network. After providing key considerations for network-building, the chapter analyzes some of the major membership and roundtable initiatives that have been created to help institutional investors collaborate and achieve their long-term investment objectives.
John A. Lent
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- January 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781628461589
- eISBN:
- 9781626740853
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781628461589.003.0015
- Subject:
- Literature, Comics Studies
Taking up a considerable portion of this chapter is interviewee Anant Pai’s Amar Chitra Katha, which he started in the 1960s when he noticed that Indian children knew very little about their ...
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Taking up a considerable portion of this chapter is interviewee Anant Pai’s Amar Chitra Katha, which he started in the 1960s when he noticed that Indian children knew very little about their country’s history, religion, and mythology, which became the emphases of ACK. In recent years, the comics industry has thrived, today dominated by Diamond, whose star cartoonist is interviewee Pran Kumar. Pran has an unusual, but lucrative industry, paying a couple of young people working on the third floor of his home to put the finishing touches on strips he draws and self syndicates to about 20 newspapers. The strips are compiled into comic books by Diamond. Other equally interesting cartoonists are briefly profiled and recent professional advancements such as the first successful comics convention are discussed.Less
Taking up a considerable portion of this chapter is interviewee Anant Pai’s Amar Chitra Katha, which he started in the 1960s when he noticed that Indian children knew very little about their country’s history, religion, and mythology, which became the emphases of ACK. In recent years, the comics industry has thrived, today dominated by Diamond, whose star cartoonist is interviewee Pran Kumar. Pran has an unusual, but lucrative industry, paying a couple of young people working on the third floor of his home to put the finishing touches on strips he draws and self syndicates to about 20 newspapers. The strips are compiled into comic books by Diamond. Other equally interesting cartoonists are briefly profiled and recent professional advancements such as the first successful comics convention are discussed.
Kerry D. Soper
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- March 2014
- ISBN:
- 9781617032844
- eISBN:
- 9781617032851
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781617032844.003.0004
- Subject:
- Literature, Comics Studies
This chapter begins with a review of the principle of auteurship and how it applies to comics in general and Kelly’s work specifically. It then explores how Kelly’s engagement with the craft and ...
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This chapter begins with a review of the principle of auteurship and how it applies to comics in general and Kelly’s work specifically. It then explores how Kelly’s engagement with the craft and industry of several different comic mediums such as animation, comic books, and political cartooning shaped his genre-defying comic strip. An analysis of critical business choices Kelly made at key points in his career then follows. Four facets of his career as a businessman are investigated here: his relationship with the Post-Hall syndicate, his various battles and compromises with touchy newspaper editors, his work as the president of the National Cartoonists Society, and his efforts to translate his comic strip into animated films. The chapter also presents an estimation of how the sum of his behind-the-scenes choices affected the quality and integrity of his work.Less
This chapter begins with a review of the principle of auteurship and how it applies to comics in general and Kelly’s work specifically. It then explores how Kelly’s engagement with the craft and industry of several different comic mediums such as animation, comic books, and political cartooning shaped his genre-defying comic strip. An analysis of critical business choices Kelly made at key points in his career then follows. Four facets of his career as a businessman are investigated here: his relationship with the Post-Hall syndicate, his various battles and compromises with touchy newspaper editors, his work as the president of the National Cartoonists Society, and his efforts to translate his comic strip into animated films. The chapter also presents an estimation of how the sum of his behind-the-scenes choices affected the quality and integrity of his work.
Philip Nel
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- March 2014
- ISBN:
- 9781617036248
- eISBN:
- 9781621030645
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781617036248.003.0022
- Subject:
- Literature, American, 20th Century Literature
Intent on pursuing her new career as a poet, Ruth Krauss decided to learn French at the age of fifty-nine. She and Crockett Johnson planned a summer vacation in 1960—they thought about Quebec so she ...
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Intent on pursuing her new career as a poet, Ruth Krauss decided to learn French at the age of fifty-nine. She and Crockett Johnson planned a summer vacation in 1960—they thought about Quebec so she could practice reciting French poetry. Before leaving for Canada, Johnson sent a dramatic adaptation of his Barnaby comic strip to E. Y. Harburg, who declined it. Instead, it was picked up by the Hall Syndicate, and Johnson began updating the original plots for the 1960s. While Johnson oversaw the production of revised Barnaby strips, Krauss worked on her poetry, writing a group of poems inspired by Federico García Lorca. In addition to the new Barnaby, Johnson was busy with advertising work and children’s books. He also returned to his most successful character, putting together Harold’s ABC. When Harper and Brothers merged with textbook publisher Row, Peterson, and Company in May 1962, Krauss and Johnson began to publish more frequently with other presses.Less
Intent on pursuing her new career as a poet, Ruth Krauss decided to learn French at the age of fifty-nine. She and Crockett Johnson planned a summer vacation in 1960—they thought about Quebec so she could practice reciting French poetry. Before leaving for Canada, Johnson sent a dramatic adaptation of his Barnaby comic strip to E. Y. Harburg, who declined it. Instead, it was picked up by the Hall Syndicate, and Johnson began updating the original plots for the 1960s. While Johnson oversaw the production of revised Barnaby strips, Krauss worked on her poetry, writing a group of poems inspired by Federico García Lorca. In addition to the new Barnaby, Johnson was busy with advertising work and children’s books. He also returned to his most successful character, putting together Harold’s ABC. When Harper and Brothers merged with textbook publisher Row, Peterson, and Company in May 1962, Krauss and Johnson began to publish more frequently with other presses.
Jean-Paul Gabilliet
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- March 2014
- ISBN:
- 9781604732672
- eISBN:
- 9781621039860
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781604732672.003.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, Comics Studies
“The Burning of Mr. John Rogers,” a Puritan-era children’s book published in 1646, is believed to be where the earliest North American cartoon appeared. However, the format was not a printed book ...
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“The Burning of Mr. John Rogers,” a Puritan-era children’s book published in 1646, is believed to be where the earliest North American cartoon appeared. However, the format was not a printed book containing an illustrated narrative. This chapter examines the process that gave birth to books or magazines containing little other than comics, along with European influences on the field. It looks at the evolution of comics to comic books during the period spanning 1842–1936, first by focusing on the precursors such as those created by the Swiss Rodolphe Töpffer. It then discusses the publishing boom of the Jacksonian era, the impact of newspapers on comics, and the birth of comic magazines. It also describes the publishing of original comics and how the reprinting of syndicated comic strips spawned the comic book as a new medium.Less
“The Burning of Mr. John Rogers,” a Puritan-era children’s book published in 1646, is believed to be where the earliest North American cartoon appeared. However, the format was not a printed book containing an illustrated narrative. This chapter examines the process that gave birth to books or magazines containing little other than comics, along with European influences on the field. It looks at the evolution of comics to comic books during the period spanning 1842–1936, first by focusing on the precursors such as those created by the Swiss Rodolphe Töpffer. It then discusses the publishing boom of the Jacksonian era, the impact of newspapers on comics, and the birth of comic magazines. It also describes the publishing of original comics and how the reprinting of syndicated comic strips spawned the comic book as a new medium.
Robert M. Lombardo
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- April 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780252037306
- eISBN:
- 9780252094484
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5406/illinois/9780252037306.003.0003
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
This chapter traces the history of vice and crime in Chicago from the Civil War until the beginning of Prohibition, paying special attention to the rise of machine politics under Michael Cassius ...
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This chapter traces the history of vice and crime in Chicago from the Civil War until the beginning of Prohibition, paying special attention to the rise of machine politics under Michael Cassius McDonald, organizer of Chicago's first crime syndicate. It argues that organized crime in Chicago was not imported from the south of Italy but began because Chicago machine politicians provided political protection to vice syndicates and criminal gangs in exchange for votes and campaign contributions. The chapter reviews the history of one vice district that played a significant role in the development of organized crime in Chicago, the Levee, beginning with the original Custom House Levee and its eventual movement to the “New” Levee in the city's Near South Side. It also discusses the roles played by municipal aldermen John Coughlin and Michael Kenna as protectors of vice and crime in Chicago's First Ward. Finally, it analyzes the history of the public outcry against segregated vice and the eventual closure of the Levee vice district.Less
This chapter traces the history of vice and crime in Chicago from the Civil War until the beginning of Prohibition, paying special attention to the rise of machine politics under Michael Cassius McDonald, organizer of Chicago's first crime syndicate. It argues that organized crime in Chicago was not imported from the south of Italy but began because Chicago machine politicians provided political protection to vice syndicates and criminal gangs in exchange for votes and campaign contributions. The chapter reviews the history of one vice district that played a significant role in the development of organized crime in Chicago, the Levee, beginning with the original Custom House Levee and its eventual movement to the “New” Levee in the city's Near South Side. It also discusses the roles played by municipal aldermen John Coughlin and Michael Kenna as protectors of vice and crime in Chicago's First Ward. Finally, it analyzes the history of the public outcry against segregated vice and the eventual closure of the Levee vice district.
Robert M. Lombardo
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- April 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780252037306
- eISBN:
- 9780252094484
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5406/illinois/9780252037306.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
This chapter explores the significance of Prohibition for the evolution of organized crime in Chicago. It shows that Prohibition provided the opportunity for the city's vice entrepreneurs and ...
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This chapter explores the significance of Prohibition for the evolution of organized crime in Chicago. It shows that Prohibition provided the opportunity for the city's vice entrepreneurs and criminal gangs to extend their activities into bootlegging. Levee district vice mongers such as Johnny Torrio and Al Capone competed with criminal gangs such as the Valley Gang, the O'Banion Gang, the Genna Brothers, and others for control of the illegal alcohol racket. The end result was the infamous “beer wars” of the 1920s, which sparked violence on the streets of Chicago. The Capone syndicate won out in the end, establishing itself as the supreme overlord of vice and crime in Chicago. The chapter examines how, after the end of Prohibition in 1933, the Syndicate, as Capone's organization became known, extended its operations to include control of all illegal gambling in Chicago and embarked on an extensive racketeering campaign to seize control of trade associations and labor unions in the Chicago metropolitan area.Less
This chapter explores the significance of Prohibition for the evolution of organized crime in Chicago. It shows that Prohibition provided the opportunity for the city's vice entrepreneurs and criminal gangs to extend their activities into bootlegging. Levee district vice mongers such as Johnny Torrio and Al Capone competed with criminal gangs such as the Valley Gang, the O'Banion Gang, the Genna Brothers, and others for control of the illegal alcohol racket. The end result was the infamous “beer wars” of the 1920s, which sparked violence on the streets of Chicago. The Capone syndicate won out in the end, establishing itself as the supreme overlord of vice and crime in Chicago. The chapter examines how, after the end of Prohibition in 1933, the Syndicate, as Capone's organization became known, extended its operations to include control of all illegal gambling in Chicago and embarked on an extensive racketeering campaign to seize control of trade associations and labor unions in the Chicago metropolitan area.
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- March 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226055985
- eISBN:
- 9780226056005
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226056005.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
This chapter examines the role of race in the formation and eventual demise of the early-twentieth-century sex district in Chicago called the Twenty-Second Street Levee. It describes how African ...
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This chapter examines the role of race in the formation and eventual demise of the early-twentieth-century sex district in Chicago called the Twenty-Second Street Levee. It describes how African American prostitutes and their clients were pushed out of the economic and social landscape of the municipally tolerated red-light district by white vice syndicates and local police officials. This chapter also discusses the criminalization of African American prostitutes and the relocation of black sex institutions into nearby black neighborhoods.Less
This chapter examines the role of race in the formation and eventual demise of the early-twentieth-century sex district in Chicago called the Twenty-Second Street Levee. It describes how African American prostitutes and their clients were pushed out of the economic and social landscape of the municipally tolerated red-light district by white vice syndicates and local police officials. This chapter also discusses the criminalization of African American prostitutes and the relocation of black sex institutions into nearby black neighborhoods.
Edward A. Berlin
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780199740321
- eISBN:
- 9780190245221
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199740321.003.0012
- Subject:
- Music, History, American, Opera
Joplin’s first publication after Freddie’s death was Bethena, a sad, poignant waltz. It was issued by T. Bahnsen, a piano manufacturer that published two other Joplin pieces in 1905. With Leola, ...
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Joplin’s first publication after Freddie’s death was Bethena, a sad, poignant waltz. It was issued by T. Bahnsen, a piano manufacturer that published two other Joplin pieces in 1905. With Leola, published by Stark’s subsidiary American Music Syndicate, Joplin for the first time warned against playing ragtime fast. By the end of 1905, he had started on another opera. Stark moved to New York that year, opening an office a few blocks from Tin Pan Alley; his son William continued operation of the St. Louis office. Joplin lived in Chicago for part of 1906, trying to cultivate contacts with other major publishers While in Chicago, he collaborated on Heliotrope Bouquet with the extremely talented but musically illiterate, Louis Chauvin; the piece was published by Stark the following year. In 1907, before leaving for New York, Joplin also collaborated on a song with the socialist publisher F. F. Berry.Less
Joplin’s first publication after Freddie’s death was Bethena, a sad, poignant waltz. It was issued by T. Bahnsen, a piano manufacturer that published two other Joplin pieces in 1905. With Leola, published by Stark’s subsidiary American Music Syndicate, Joplin for the first time warned against playing ragtime fast. By the end of 1905, he had started on another opera. Stark moved to New York that year, opening an office a few blocks from Tin Pan Alley; his son William continued operation of the St. Louis office. Joplin lived in Chicago for part of 1906, trying to cultivate contacts with other major publishers While in Chicago, he collaborated on Heliotrope Bouquet with the extremely talented but musically illiterate, Louis Chauvin; the piece was published by Stark the following year. In 1907, before leaving for New York, Joplin also collaborated on a song with the socialist publisher F. F. Berry.
Susan V. Spellman
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- April 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780199384273
- eISBN:
- 9780190495503
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199384273.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, Economic History
This chapter contends that the turn-of-the-twentieth-century grocery trade’s seemingly outmoded distribution chain was at the time the most efficient method for moving goods. It was, by standards ...
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This chapter contends that the turn-of-the-twentieth-century grocery trade’s seemingly outmoded distribution chain was at the time the most efficient method for moving goods. It was, by standards most often evoked by historians and economists, antiquated, expensive, and wasteful; but it proved resilient in light of challenges from retail buying syndicates, department stores’ mail-order catalogs, and antitrust legislation. To protect their interests and battle against growing competition, wholesale grocers banded together, forming cooperative organizations such as the Boston Wholesale Grocers’ Association and Southern Wholesale Grocers’ Association, establishing collusive agreements with manufacturers and fixing prices. Their efforts faced criticism from retail grocers, who in turn organized buying syndicates, groups that proposed to eliminate wholesalers from the trade. Redrawing the boundaries of distribution, wholesale and retail grocers pointed toward methods that ultimately defined the modern grocery trade.Less
This chapter contends that the turn-of-the-twentieth-century grocery trade’s seemingly outmoded distribution chain was at the time the most efficient method for moving goods. It was, by standards most often evoked by historians and economists, antiquated, expensive, and wasteful; but it proved resilient in light of challenges from retail buying syndicates, department stores’ mail-order catalogs, and antitrust legislation. To protect their interests and battle against growing competition, wholesale grocers banded together, forming cooperative organizations such as the Boston Wholesale Grocers’ Association and Southern Wholesale Grocers’ Association, establishing collusive agreements with manufacturers and fixing prices. Their efforts faced criticism from retail grocers, who in turn organized buying syndicates, groups that proposed to eliminate wholesalers from the trade. Redrawing the boundaries of distribution, wholesale and retail grocers pointed toward methods that ultimately defined the modern grocery trade.
