Søren Johansen
- Published in print:
- 1995
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780198774501
- eISBN:
- 9780191596476
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198774508.003.0001
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Econometrics
Contains an overview of the monograph and discusses the statistical methodology of building and analysing statistical models and their likelihood function with the purpose of deriving estimators and ...
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Contains an overview of the monograph and discusses the statistical methodology of building and analysing statistical models and their likelihood function with the purpose of deriving estimators and tests. The vector autoregressive model is used because it allows a flexible statistical description of the data. It makes it possible to embed interesting economic hypotheses as parametric restrictions and hence allow them to be tested against data.Less
Contains an overview of the monograph and discusses the statistical methodology of building and analysing statistical models and their likelihood function with the purpose of deriving estimators and tests. The vector autoregressive model is used because it allows a flexible statistical description of the data. It makes it possible to embed interesting economic hypotheses as parametric restrictions and hence allow them to be tested against data.
Manolis Kogevinas
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780198569541
- eISBN:
- 9780191724077
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198569541.003.0022
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health, Epidemiology
Mortality statistics remain the most widely available health data sources. The availability of adequate mortality data in more than 100 countries is the most important achievement of that last fifty ...
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Mortality statistics remain the most widely available health data sources. The availability of adequate mortality data in more than 100 countries is the most important achievement of that last fifty years in the area of data sources. The second transforming achievement is linked to the development of the World Wide Web that signified the public availability of a rich variety of health-related information in populations. Connected to the latter is an extremely positive change among researchers in the last ten years regarding the public availability of information and a willingness to share data. This chapter discusses the availability of diverse data sources and their use, and then discusses limitations, mistakes, and challenges for the future.Less
Mortality statistics remain the most widely available health data sources. The availability of adequate mortality data in more than 100 countries is the most important achievement of that last fifty years in the area of data sources. The second transforming achievement is linked to the development of the World Wide Web that signified the public availability of a rich variety of health-related information in populations. Connected to the latter is an extremely positive change among researchers in the last ten years regarding the public availability of information and a willingness to share data. This chapter discusses the availability of diverse data sources and their use, and then discusses limitations, mistakes, and challenges for the future.
Julia Koricheva, Jessica Gurevitch, and Kerrie Mengersen (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691137285
- eISBN:
- 9781400846184
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691137285.001.0001
- Subject:
- Biology, Ecology
Meta-analysis is a powerful statistical methodology for synthesizing research evidence across independent studies. This is the first comprehensive handbook of meta-analysis written specifically for ...
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Meta-analysis is a powerful statistical methodology for synthesizing research evidence across independent studies. This is the first comprehensive handbook of meta-analysis written specifically for ecologists and evolutionary biologists, and it provides an invaluable introduction for beginners as well as an up-to-date guide for experienced meta-analysts. The chapters walk readers through every step of meta-analysis, from problem formulation to the presentation of the results. The book identifies both the advantages of using meta-analysis for research synthesis and the potential pitfalls and limitations of meta-analysis (including when it should not be used). Different approaches to carrying out a meta-analysis are described, and include moment and least-square, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian approaches, all illustrated using worked examples based on real biological datasets. The book is tailored to the biological sciences, and will provide an invaluable text for practitioners from graduate students and senior scientists to policymakers in conservation and environmental management.Less
Meta-analysis is a powerful statistical methodology for synthesizing research evidence across independent studies. This is the first comprehensive handbook of meta-analysis written specifically for ecologists and evolutionary biologists, and it provides an invaluable introduction for beginners as well as an up-to-date guide for experienced meta-analysts. The chapters walk readers through every step of meta-analysis, from problem formulation to the presentation of the results. The book identifies both the advantages of using meta-analysis for research synthesis and the potential pitfalls and limitations of meta-analysis (including when it should not be used). Different approaches to carrying out a meta-analysis are described, and include moment and least-square, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian approaches, all illustrated using worked examples based on real biological datasets. The book is tailored to the biological sciences, and will provide an invaluable text for practitioners from graduate students and senior scientists to policymakers in conservation and environmental management.
Julia Koricheva and Jessica Gurevitch
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691137285
- eISBN:
- 9781400846184
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691137285.003.0001
- Subject:
- Biology, Ecology
Meta-analysis is a method of research synthesis. Research synthesis may be defined as a review of primary research on a given topic with the purpose of integrating the findings (e.g., for creating ...
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Meta-analysis is a method of research synthesis. Research synthesis may be defined as a review of primary research on a given topic with the purpose of integrating the findings (e.g., for creating generalizations or resolving conflicts). Research synthesis is central to the scientific enterprise. Without it, the evidence for various alternative hypotheses cannot be properly evaluated and generalizations cannot be reached, thus the advance of the scientific field as well as any potential practical applications are inhibited. Meta-analysis employs specialized techniques for data gathering and analysis developed specifically for the purposes of research synthesis. This chapter reviews the variety of approaches to research synthesis and discusses their relative merits, advantages, limitations, and drawbacks.Less
Meta-analysis is a method of research synthesis. Research synthesis may be defined as a review of primary research on a given topic with the purpose of integrating the findings (e.g., for creating generalizations or resolving conflicts). Research synthesis is central to the scientific enterprise. Without it, the evidence for various alternative hypotheses cannot be properly evaluated and generalizations cannot be reached, thus the advance of the scientific field as well as any potential practical applications are inhibited. Meta-analysis employs specialized techniques for data gathering and analysis developed specifically for the purposes of research synthesis. This chapter reviews the variety of approaches to research synthesis and discusses their relative merits, advantages, limitations, and drawbacks.
Nan Qin and Ying Wang
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- August 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780190607371
- eISBN:
- 9780190607401
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190607371.003.0026
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Financial Economics
Despite the exponential growth of global hedge fund assets since the 1990s, the high attrition rates in the industry have raised an important issue about hedge fund return persistence. This chapter ...
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Despite the exponential growth of global hedge fund assets since the 1990s, the high attrition rates in the industry have raised an important issue about hedge fund return persistence. This chapter discusses the various statistical methodologies in measuring performance persistence and provides a comprehensive review of the empirical literature on short- and long-term performance persistence. In particular, the literature suggests that fund strategies and characteristics are related to performance persistence. The chapter also discusses three important issues: return smoothing, the use of option-like strategies, and data biases. The chapter provides additional empirical evidence on performance persistence, using a portfolio approach and a hedge fund sample from the Trading Advisor Selection System (TASS) database between 1994 and 2015.Less
Despite the exponential growth of global hedge fund assets since the 1990s, the high attrition rates in the industry have raised an important issue about hedge fund return persistence. This chapter discusses the various statistical methodologies in measuring performance persistence and provides a comprehensive review of the empirical literature on short- and long-term performance persistence. In particular, the literature suggests that fund strategies and characteristics are related to performance persistence. The chapter also discusses three important issues: return smoothing, the use of option-like strategies, and data biases. The chapter provides additional empirical evidence on performance persistence, using a portfolio approach and a hedge fund sample from the Trading Advisor Selection System (TASS) database between 1994 and 2015.
James O. Ramsay
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195173444
- eISBN:
- 9780199847051
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195173444.003.0008
- Subject:
- Psychology, Social Psychology
Control is required when constraints on the outputs are changed, and it is essential to adapt the system both smoothly and quickly. This chapter provides a concise and informal summary of how control ...
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Control is required when constraints on the outputs are changed, and it is essential to adapt the system both smoothly and quickly. This chapter provides a concise and informal summary of how control technology works, and adapts it to a behavioral point of view. It starts with the essential element that control mandates: a dynamic model for the change or rate of change in the process to be controlled. The natural model for the rate of change is a differential equation, and a small amount of introduction to the topic cannot be prevented. Some conclusions regarding effective control strategies are made, and the chapter ends with a brief account of some statistical methodologies, drawn from functional data analysis, which may prove helpful.Less
Control is required when constraints on the outputs are changed, and it is essential to adapt the system both smoothly and quickly. This chapter provides a concise and informal summary of how control technology works, and adapts it to a behavioral point of view. It starts with the essential element that control mandates: a dynamic model for the change or rate of change in the process to be controlled. The natural model for the rate of change is a differential equation, and a small amount of introduction to the topic cannot be prevented. Some conclusions regarding effective control strategies are made, and the chapter ends with a brief account of some statistical methodologies, drawn from functional data analysis, which may prove helpful.
Rolf G. Kuehni
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- August 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780262013857
- eISBN:
- 9780262312493
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262013857.003.0002
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Philosophy of Mind
This chapter discusses the ordering of color percepts, and starts by presenting an overview of the critical issues surrounding the topic and by examining the relationship between stimuli and ...
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This chapter discusses the ordering of color percepts, and starts by presenting an overview of the critical issues surrounding the topic and by examining the relationship between stimuli and percepts. Certain types of variability were found by experimental psychology in the relationship between stimulus and response as a result of observation conditions. In the twentieth century, the view that the normal human color-vision system has a standard implementation and that all perceptual data are appropriately treated with normal statistical distribution methodology became the standard paradigm. However, the idea that the large number of color percepts humans can experience must fit into some kind of ordering system is an old one, going as far back to Aristotle and his proposed color categories based on a scale of chromatic colors between white and black. The strengths and limitations of the more recently developed kinds of color order systems are also touched upon here.Less
This chapter discusses the ordering of color percepts, and starts by presenting an overview of the critical issues surrounding the topic and by examining the relationship between stimuli and percepts. Certain types of variability were found by experimental psychology in the relationship between stimulus and response as a result of observation conditions. In the twentieth century, the view that the normal human color-vision system has a standard implementation and that all perceptual data are appropriately treated with normal statistical distribution methodology became the standard paradigm. However, the idea that the large number of color percepts humans can experience must fit into some kind of ordering system is an old one, going as far back to Aristotle and his proposed color categories based on a scale of chromatic colors between white and black. The strengths and limitations of the more recently developed kinds of color order systems are also touched upon here.
George Herring
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- June 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780198769330
- eISBN:
- 9780191822391
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198769330.003.0003
- Subject:
- Religion, Church History
This chapter reinforces the interpretation of Chapter 1 by employing a statistical methodology and includes a number of graphs and a map. The dominant historical interpretation has been that Newman’s ...
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This chapter reinforces the interpretation of Chapter 1 by employing a statistical methodology and includes a number of graphs and a map. The dominant historical interpretation has been that Newman’s departure initiated a wave of conversions to Roman Catholicism. Yet there is very little evidence to support this. This chapter describes how the data in the Appendix were obtained, and then discusses the various elements from which it is constructed from clerical education, ordination, the parishes these clergy served, to whether or not they became Roman Catholics. It demonstrates that from 1840 to 1870 Tractarianism was a consistently expanding phenomenon, and that the demographic impact of the conversions has been exaggerated. In particular, 1845 did not retard the growth of the Movement. It concludes by arguing that Tractarianism was a predominantly rural and south of England phenomenon.Less
This chapter reinforces the interpretation of Chapter 1 by employing a statistical methodology and includes a number of graphs and a map. The dominant historical interpretation has been that Newman’s departure initiated a wave of conversions to Roman Catholicism. Yet there is very little evidence to support this. This chapter describes how the data in the Appendix were obtained, and then discusses the various elements from which it is constructed from clerical education, ordination, the parishes these clergy served, to whether or not they became Roman Catholics. It demonstrates that from 1840 to 1870 Tractarianism was a consistently expanding phenomenon, and that the demographic impact of the conversions has been exaggerated. In particular, 1845 did not retard the growth of the Movement. It concludes by arguing that Tractarianism was a predominantly rural and south of England phenomenon.
