Ernest H. Williams
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195179293
- eISBN:
- 9780199790470
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195179293.003.0010
- Subject:
- Biology, Natural History and Field Guides
The openness of fields and meadows lets one see small mammals, non-native plants, spiders, insects such as spittlebugs and antlions, and many other kinds of plants and animals. But openness is often ...
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The openness of fields and meadows lets one see small mammals, non-native plants, spiders, insects such as spittlebugs and antlions, and many other kinds of plants and animals. But openness is often temporary: most fields and meadows change from year to year as colonizing plant species replace others in a successional sequence. One consequence is that many of the inhabitants of fields and meadows are able to disperse quickly to wherever conditions are suitable. In open fields, many features of nature are visible, but rapid changes in the habitat are inevitable.Less
The openness of fields and meadows lets one see small mammals, non-native plants, spiders, insects such as spittlebugs and antlions, and many other kinds of plants and animals. But openness is often temporary: most fields and meadows change from year to year as colonizing plant species replace others in a successional sequence. One consequence is that many of the inhabitants of fields and meadows are able to disperse quickly to wherever conditions are suitable. In open fields, many features of nature are visible, but rapid changes in the habitat are inevitable.
Mike Hansell
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780198507529
- eISBN:
- 9780191709838
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198507529.003.0005
- Subject:
- Biology, Animal Biology
Chapter 1 recognised two broad functional categories of animal architecture: houses and traps. The traps are generally nets; these have a short operational life compared to the life of the builder, ...
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Chapter 1 recognised two broad functional categories of animal architecture: houses and traps. The traps are generally nets; these have a short operational life compared to the life of the builder, are constructed quickly, and are only operational when completed. A house on the other hand may endure the lifetime of the individual or colony that builds it, starting small and growing as the occupant(s) also grow. This chapter considers two problems relating to all these structures, whether trap or house: why don't they fall to pieces, and how do they solve the problem of growth, while still remaining operational?Less
Chapter 1 recognised two broad functional categories of animal architecture: houses and traps. The traps are generally nets; these have a short operational life compared to the life of the builder, are constructed quickly, and are only operational when completed. A house on the other hand may endure the lifetime of the individual or colony that builds it, starting small and growing as the occupant(s) also grow. This chapter considers two problems relating to all these structures, whether trap or house: why don't they fall to pieces, and how do they solve the problem of growth, while still remaining operational?
Peter Hogarth
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780198568704
- eISBN:
- 9780191717536
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198568704.003.0005
- Subject:
- Biology, Aquatic Biology
This chapter discusses the terrestrial components of the mangrove community. Topics covered include mangrove-associated plants and animals from the land such as insects, spiders, and vertebrates.
This chapter discusses the terrestrial components of the mangrove community. Topics covered include mangrove-associated plants and animals from the land such as insects, spiders, and vertebrates.
G. O. Hutchinson
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780197263327
- eISBN:
- 9780191734168
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197263327.003.0008
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Prose and Writers: Classical, Early, and Medieval
This chapter presents a line from Pope’s An Essay on Man. It specifically reuses the spider that ‘Feels at each thread, and lives along the line’ as an image to introduce a way of looking at the ...
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This chapter presents a line from Pope’s An Essay on Man. It specifically reuses the spider that ‘Feels at each thread, and lives along the line’ as an image to introduce a way of looking at the writing in Cicero’s oratory. The chapter also focuses on one speech, the Pro S. Roscio, which receives an unusual amount of comment in Cicero’s work from the forties. The discussion of passages may show, perhaps more than has been done before, how much is involved in reading Cicero. The greatest hope is that it may encourage people to read Cicero with no less intensity and sophistication than Latin poetry.Less
This chapter presents a line from Pope’s An Essay on Man. It specifically reuses the spider that ‘Feels at each thread, and lives along the line’ as an image to introduce a way of looking at the writing in Cicero’s oratory. The chapter also focuses on one speech, the Pro S. Roscio, which receives an unusual amount of comment in Cicero’s work from the forties. The discussion of passages may show, perhaps more than has been done before, how much is involved in reading Cicero. The greatest hope is that it may encourage people to read Cicero with no less intensity and sophistication than Latin poetry.
Daniel Strickman, Stephen P. Frances, and Mustapha Debboun
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- May 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195365771
- eISBN:
- 9780199867677
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195365771.003.0013
- Subject:
- Biology, Natural History and Field Guides
Unlike the bloodsucking arthropods, the venomous arthropods bite or sting humans in self‐defense. Most of the scorpions, spiders, centipedes, wasps, ants, and bees avoid people. Some species like to ...
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Unlike the bloodsucking arthropods, the venomous arthropods bite or sting humans in self‐defense. Most of the scorpions, spiders, centipedes, wasps, ants, and bees avoid people. Some species like to live close to human activity, which makes occasional bites or stings inevitable. In a few parts of the world, bites and stings are a major public health problem. Avoiding problems with venomous arthropods involves source reduction, very occasional use of pesticides, protective clothing, and careful avoidance. These arthropods do a lot of good ecologically, so that wholesale destruction is not a good idea.Less
Unlike the bloodsucking arthropods, the venomous arthropods bite or sting humans in self‐defense. Most of the scorpions, spiders, centipedes, wasps, ants, and bees avoid people. Some species like to live close to human activity, which makes occasional bites or stings inevitable. In a few parts of the world, bites and stings are a major public health problem. Avoiding problems with venomous arthropods involves source reduction, very occasional use of pesticides, protective clothing, and careful avoidance. These arthropods do a lot of good ecologically, so that wholesale destruction is not a good idea.
Gary Alan Fine and Bill Ellis
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199736317
- eISBN:
- 9780199866458
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199736317.003.0007
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
Increasingly, Americans consume goods produced in the third world rather than locally, undermining the sense of control that our society once held. As this economic shift filters down to the general ...
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Increasingly, Americans consume goods produced in the third world rather than locally, undermining the sense of control that our society once held. As this economic shift filters down to the general population, warnings emerge through rumor that describe physical dangers hidden within imported goods: snakes inside blankets or coats, spiders among fruit, scorpions in yucca plants, even deadly bacteria on banana peels. Such stories suggest that exotic third‐world problems may soon become our own. A second theme is the fear that we contribute to our economic decline by purchasing imported products that compete with American goods, reflected in the rumor that Mexican workers urinate in Corona beer. Fear of physical contamination may symbolize fear of competition, suggesting that we come to terms with abstract economic issues by dramatizing them in the form of rumors.Less
Increasingly, Americans consume goods produced in the third world rather than locally, undermining the sense of control that our society once held. As this economic shift filters down to the general population, warnings emerge through rumor that describe physical dangers hidden within imported goods: snakes inside blankets or coats, spiders among fruit, scorpions in yucca plants, even deadly bacteria on banana peels. Such stories suggest that exotic third‐world problems may soon become our own. A second theme is the fear that we contribute to our economic decline by purchasing imported products that compete with American goods, reflected in the rumor that Mexican workers urinate in Corona beer. Fear of physical contamination may symbolize fear of competition, suggesting that we come to terms with abstract economic issues by dramatizing them in the form of rumors.
Peter M. Gollwitzer, Caterina Gawrilow, and Gabriele Oettingen
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195391381
- eISBN:
- 9780199776894
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195391381.003.0015
- Subject:
- Psychology, Cognitive Neuroscience, Social Psychology
As highlighted by Kurt Lewin, goal attainment is not yet secured solely by forming strong commitments to highly desirable and feasible goals. There is always the subsequent issue of implementing a ...
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As highlighted by Kurt Lewin, goal attainment is not yet secured solely by forming strong commitments to highly desirable and feasible goals. There is always the subsequent issue of implementing a set goal, and one wonders what people can do to enhance their chances of being successful at this second phase of goal pursuit. A promising answer seems to be the following: People may plan out in advance how they want to solve the problems of goal implementation. But what are these problems? There are at least four problems that stand out. These problems include getting started with goal striving, staying on track, calling a halt, and not overextending oneself. We will describe research showing that making if–then plans (i.e., form implementation intentions) on how to deal with these problems indeed facilitates solving the crucial problems of goal implementation. Thereafter, we will ask whether implementation intentions foster goal attainment even under conditions that are commonly viewed as not amenable to self-regulation attempts, such as succeeding on an intelligence test or overcoming spider phobia. Finally, we will report research showing that implementation intentions can even foster goal-striving in those samples (e.g., children with ADHD) that are known to suffer from impaired action control.Less
As highlighted by Kurt Lewin, goal attainment is not yet secured solely by forming strong commitments to highly desirable and feasible goals. There is always the subsequent issue of implementing a set goal, and one wonders what people can do to enhance their chances of being successful at this second phase of goal pursuit. A promising answer seems to be the following: People may plan out in advance how they want to solve the problems of goal implementation. But what are these problems? There are at least four problems that stand out. These problems include getting started with goal striving, staying on track, calling a halt, and not overextending oneself. We will describe research showing that making if–then plans (i.e., form implementation intentions) on how to deal with these problems indeed facilitates solving the crucial problems of goal implementation. Thereafter, we will ask whether implementation intentions foster goal attainment even under conditions that are commonly viewed as not amenable to self-regulation attempts, such as succeeding on an intelligence test or overcoming spider phobia. Finally, we will report research showing that implementation intentions can even foster goal-striving in those samples (e.g., children with ADHD) that are known to suffer from impaired action control.
Olga F. Lazareva, Toru Shimizu, and Edward A. Wasserman (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195334654
- eISBN:
- 9780199933167
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195334654.001.0001
- Subject:
- Psychology, Cognitive Neuroscience, Cognitive Psychology
The visual world of animals is highly diverse and often very different from the world that we humans take for granted. This book provides an extensive review of the latest behavioral and ...
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The visual world of animals is highly diverse and often very different from the world that we humans take for granted. This book provides an extensive review of the latest behavioral and neurobiological research on animal vision, highlighting fascinating species similarities and differences in visual processing. It contains twenty-six chapters about a variety of species including: honeybees, spiders, fish, birds, and primates. The chapters are divided into six sections: perceptual grouping and segmentation, object perception and object recognition, motion perception, visual attention, different dimensions of visual perception, and the evolution of the visual system.Less
The visual world of animals is highly diverse and often very different from the world that we humans take for granted. This book provides an extensive review of the latest behavioral and neurobiological research on animal vision, highlighting fascinating species similarities and differences in visual processing. It contains twenty-six chapters about a variety of species including: honeybees, spiders, fish, birds, and primates. The chapters are divided into six sections: perceptual grouping and segmentation, object perception and object recognition, motion perception, visual attention, different dimensions of visual perception, and the evolution of the visual system.
Rayna Denison
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781628462340
- eISBN:
- 9781626746787
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781628462340.003.0004
- Subject:
- Literature, Comics Studies
American superheroes have a long transnational history, remade and remediated by filmmakers and television producers around all over the world. This chapter examines the localization process ...
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American superheroes have a long transnational history, remade and remediated by filmmakers and television producers around all over the world. This chapter examines the localization process necessary to make Marvel’s Spider-Man into the Japanese live action television hero Supaidāman. In doing so, the Japanese producers stripped back the meaning of this “American” hero and re-imagined Spider-Man as Japanese, indigenizing the character within a complex reciprocal chain of historical influence that ranged from America to Japan and then back again. Therefore, this chapter shows how localising Spider-Man by adapting him into the logic of the tokusatsu (special effects) television genre created a new kind of hybrid, transnational superhero.Less
American superheroes have a long transnational history, remade and remediated by filmmakers and television producers around all over the world. This chapter examines the localization process necessary to make Marvel’s Spider-Man into the Japanese live action television hero Supaidāman. In doing so, the Japanese producers stripped back the meaning of this “American” hero and re-imagined Spider-Man as Japanese, indigenizing the character within a complex reciprocal chain of historical influence that ranged from America to Japan and then back again. Therefore, this chapter shows how localising Spider-Man by adapting him into the logic of the tokusatsu (special effects) television genre created a new kind of hybrid, transnational superhero.
Duane P. Harland, Daiqin Li, and Robert R. Jackson
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195334654
- eISBN:
- 9780199933167
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195334654.003.0010
- Subject:
- Psychology, Cognitive Neuroscience, Cognitive Psychology
This chapter examines how the jumping spider's eight eyes are structured, how they function, and how they might have evolved. It also reviews the intricate vision-based predatory strategies for which ...
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This chapter examines how the jumping spider's eight eyes are structured, how they function, and how they might have evolved. It also reviews the intricate vision-based predatory strategies for which jumping spiders are justly renowned. The last part of the chapter combines what is known about variation in salticid eye design and behavior with what is known from traditional taxonomic and modern phylogenetic data in order to reconsider the hypothesis that araneophagy has been a driving force in the evolution of the salticid principal eye.Less
This chapter examines how the jumping spider's eight eyes are structured, how they function, and how they might have evolved. It also reviews the intricate vision-based predatory strategies for which jumping spiders are justly renowned. The last part of the chapter combines what is known about variation in salticid eye design and behavior with what is known from traditional taxonomic and modern phylogenetic data in order to reconsider the hypothesis that araneophagy has been a driving force in the evolution of the salticid principal eye.
