Jean-Marie Baland and Jean-Philippe Platteau
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- January 2005
- ISBN:
- 9780198290612
- eISBN:
- 9780191601613
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198290616.001.0001
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental
This book focuses on the efficient and equitable management of local or village-level natural resources. It is divided into two parts. Part 1 provides an in-depth analysis on the optimal use of ...
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This book focuses on the efficient and equitable management of local or village-level natural resources. It is divided into two parts. Part 1 provides an in-depth analysis on the optimal use of natural resources. It dwells on the “tragedy of the commons”, which attributes inefficient resource use to the absence of well-defined property rights. Non-cooperative game theory is used to examine the impact of human interactions on resource management, and discusses the implications of the privatisation of common property resources. In Part 2, the main lessons drawn from Part 1 are compared against evidence obtained from field settings, particularly traditional village societies in developing countries.Less
This book focuses on the efficient and equitable management of local or village-level natural resources. It is divided into two parts. Part 1 provides an in-depth analysis on the optimal use of natural resources. It dwells on the “tragedy of the commons”, which attributes inefficient resource use to the absence of well-defined property rights. Non-cooperative game theory is used to examine the impact of human interactions on resource management, and discusses the implications of the privatisation of common property resources. In Part 2, the main lessons drawn from Part 1 are compared against evidence obtained from field settings, particularly traditional village societies in developing countries.
Jean‐Marie Baland and Jean‐Philippe Platteau
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- January 2005
- ISBN:
- 9780198290612
- eISBN:
- 9780191601613
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198290616.003.0012
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental
This chapter examines the impact of economic and social environment changes on collective action in village societies with respect to the management of common property resources (CPRs). It is divided ...
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This chapter examines the impact of economic and social environment changes on collective action in village societies with respect to the management of common property resources (CPRs). It is divided into two sections. The first section draws lessons from the centralized approach to environmental management followed by governments in the Third World. In the second section, it is argued that village arrangements for solving problems of access to, and/or conservation of local level CPRs have evolved under the joint impact of several factors.Less
This chapter examines the impact of economic and social environment changes on collective action in village societies with respect to the management of common property resources (CPRs). It is divided into two sections. The first section draws lessons from the centralized approach to environmental management followed by governments in the Third World. In the second section, it is argued that village arrangements for solving problems of access to, and/or conservation of local level CPRs have evolved under the joint impact of several factors.
Priya Shyamsundar
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- May 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780199213832
- eISBN:
- 9780191707438
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199213832.003.0004
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, South and East Asia
This chapter reviews international evidence on community-based natural resource management in three sectors: forestry, irrigation, and wildlife management. It asks how and in what way decentralized ...
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This chapter reviews international evidence on community-based natural resource management in three sectors: forestry, irrigation, and wildlife management. It asks how and in what way decentralized natural resource management has contributed to improved livelihoods and better resource management. It identifies key challenges faced as governments promote resource management through local communities and user groups.Less
This chapter reviews international evidence on community-based natural resource management in three sectors: forestry, irrigation, and wildlife management. It asks how and in what way decentralized natural resource management has contributed to improved livelihoods and better resource management. It identifies key challenges faced as governments promote resource management through local communities and user groups.
Jean‐Marie Baland and Jean‐Philippe Platteau
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- January 2005
- ISBN:
- 9780198290612
- eISBN:
- 9780191601613
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198290616.003.0013
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental
This chapter analyses the conditions for successful collective action in the local level management of common property resources (CPRs). It discusses the problem of economic incentives, the twin ...
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This chapter analyses the conditions for successful collective action in the local level management of common property resources (CPRs). It discusses the problem of economic incentives, the twin issues of group size and homogeneity, the rationale and characteristics of the sanction system, and the role of tradition.Less
This chapter analyses the conditions for successful collective action in the local level management of common property resources (CPRs). It discusses the problem of economic incentives, the twin issues of group size and homogeneity, the rationale and characteristics of the sanction system, and the role of tradition.
Masahiro Abe and Takeo Hoshi
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199284511
- eISBN:
- 9780191713705
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199284511.003.0009
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, South and East Asia
Corporate governance can be defined as a system that constitutes an institution that constrains relations between corporate managers and various stakeholders, including shareholders, creditors, ...
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Corporate governance can be defined as a system that constitutes an institution that constrains relations between corporate managers and various stakeholders, including shareholders, creditors, workers, suppliers, and customers. Under this broad definition, corporate governance is a system of various sub-systems that are complementary to one another. This chapter focuses on two sub-systems of Japanese corporate governance: corporate finance and human resource management. After briefly documenting the characteristics of the Japanese corporate governance in these two sub-systems, the chapter discusses how each sub-system has been going through substantial changes in recent years. Examining the data for fifty-eight listed companies, the evidence shows some degree of complementarity between the two sub-systems. The firms that have a non-traditional ownership structure (especially high with foreign ownership) seem to have more non-traditional human resource management practices.Less
Corporate governance can be defined as a system that constitutes an institution that constrains relations between corporate managers and various stakeholders, including shareholders, creditors, workers, suppliers, and customers. Under this broad definition, corporate governance is a system of various sub-systems that are complementary to one another. This chapter focuses on two sub-systems of Japanese corporate governance: corporate finance and human resource management. After briefly documenting the characteristics of the Japanese corporate governance in these two sub-systems, the chapter discusses how each sub-system has been going through substantial changes in recent years. Examining the data for fifty-eight listed companies, the evidence shows some degree of complementarity between the two sub-systems. The firms that have a non-traditional ownership structure (especially high with foreign ownership) seem to have more non-traditional human resource management practices.
Jean‐Marie Baland and Jean‐Philippe Platteau
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- January 2005
- ISBN:
- 9780198290612
- eISBN:
- 9780191601613
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198290616.003.0014
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental
This paper focuses on the co-management approach to regulating common property resources. The nature of co-management arrangements or contracts, and applications of co-management in various ...
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This paper focuses on the co-management approach to regulating common property resources. The nature of co-management arrangements or contracts, and applications of co-management in various countries, particularly coastal fishery management in Japan are discussed. The success of co-management lies in its operation within a framework where the state integrates the populations concerned during the early design stages of the resource-preserving strategy. Given the ‘culture of distrust’ in relationships between the State and local resource users, development projects initiated by local or foreign donor agencies play a key role within a co-management framework of action.Less
This paper focuses on the co-management approach to regulating common property resources. The nature of co-management arrangements or contracts, and applications of co-management in various countries, particularly coastal fishery management in Japan are discussed. The success of co-management lies in its operation within a framework where the state integrates the populations concerned during the early design stages of the resource-preserving strategy. Given the ‘culture of distrust’ in relationships between the State and local resource users, development projects initiated by local or foreign donor agencies play a key role within a co-management framework of action.
Jean‐Marie Baland and Jean‐Philippe Platteau
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- January 2005
- ISBN:
- 9780198290612
- eISBN:
- 9780191601613
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198290616.003.0011
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental
This chapter analyses resource management by traditional rural communities. It argues that traditional rural communities are not inherently conservationists despite their ability to perceive and ...
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This chapter analyses resource management by traditional rural communities. It argues that traditional rural communities are not inherently conservationists despite their ability to perceive and solve distributive problems in the use of natural resources. They have been less efficient in preventing the depletion/degradation of common property resources because they view their natural environment and their relations with it differently from people in modern, rationalist societies.Less
This chapter analyses resource management by traditional rural communities. It argues that traditional rural communities are not inherently conservationists despite their ability to perceive and solve distributive problems in the use of natural resources. They have been less efficient in preventing the depletion/degradation of common property resources because they view their natural environment and their relations with it differently from people in modern, rationalist societies.
Abiodun Alao
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199578986
- eISBN:
- 9780191595202
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199578986.003.0006
- Subject:
- Law, Human Rights and Immigration, Public International Law
This chapter ties together the multi-dimensional links between natural resources management and human security in Africa. The central argument is that for human security to be well established in the ...
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This chapter ties together the multi-dimensional links between natural resources management and human security in Africa. The central argument is that for human security to be well established in the continent, crucial issues linked to the ownership, management, and control of the continent's natural resource endowment have to be taken into consideration and the various conflicts they have caused have to be addressed. It also argues that the success of the various international efforts to address the effective management of Africa's natural resources will only be successful if the structures for managing these resources at the local and national levels are reorganized and made to appreciate the multiplicity of factors underlining various layers of governance in each of the countries. The chapter is organized into six sections. Section 1 looks at the structure currently in place to manage natural resources on the continent and the extent to which this addresses the needs of the population. Section 2 discusses human security issues that have emerged as a result of the existing governance structures, while Section 3 focuses on the human security implications of the conflicts that are rooted in natural resource governance. Section 4 discusses the international initiatives to address human security concerns related to natural resource governance and the extent of their attendant success. Section 5 interrogates the initiatives being undertaken by African organizations to ensure that the continent's natural resource endowments become blessings rather than a curse, while Section 6 concludes the discussions.Less
This chapter ties together the multi-dimensional links between natural resources management and human security in Africa. The central argument is that for human security to be well established in the continent, crucial issues linked to the ownership, management, and control of the continent's natural resource endowment have to be taken into consideration and the various conflicts they have caused have to be addressed. It also argues that the success of the various international efforts to address the effective management of Africa's natural resources will only be successful if the structures for managing these resources at the local and national levels are reorganized and made to appreciate the multiplicity of factors underlining various layers of governance in each of the countries. The chapter is organized into six sections. Section 1 looks at the structure currently in place to manage natural resources on the continent and the extent to which this addresses the needs of the population. Section 2 discusses human security issues that have emerged as a result of the existing governance structures, while Section 3 focuses on the human security implications of the conflicts that are rooted in natural resource governance. Section 4 discusses the international initiatives to address human security concerns related to natural resource governance and the extent of their attendant success. Section 5 interrogates the initiatives being undertaken by African organizations to ensure that the continent's natural resource endowments become blessings rather than a curse, while Section 6 concludes the discussions.
S. Ravi Rajan
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199277964
- eISBN:
- 9780191707827
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199277964.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Social History
This book contributes to the debate regarding the origins, institutionalization, and politics of the sciences and systems of knowledge underlying colonial frameworks of environmental management. It ...
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This book contributes to the debate regarding the origins, institutionalization, and politics of the sciences and systems of knowledge underlying colonial frameworks of environmental management. It departs from the widely prevalent scholarly perspective that colonial science can be understood predominantly as a handmaiden of imperialism. Instead, it argues that the myriad colonial sciences had ideological and interventionist traditions distinct from each other and from the colonial bureaucracy, and that these tensions better explain environmental politics and policy dilemmas in the post-colonial era. The author argues that tropical forestry in the 19th century consisted of at least two distinct approaches towards nature, resource, and people; and what won out in the end was the Continental European forestry paradigm. He also shows that science and scientists were relatively marginal until the First World War. It was the acute scientific and resource crisis felt during the War, along with the rise of experts and expertise in Britain during that period and the lobby-politics of an organized empire-wide scientific community, that resulted in resource management regimes such as forestry beginning to get serious state backing. Over time, considerable differences in approach and outlook towards policy emerged between different colonial scientific communities, such as foresters and agriculturists. These different colonial sciences represented different situated knowledges, with different visions of nature, people, and empire, and in different configurations of power. Finally, in a panoramic overview of post-colonial developments, the author argues that the hegemony of these state-scientific regimes of resource management during the period 1950-1990 engendered not just social revolt, as recent historical work has shown, but also intellectual protest. Consequently, the discipline of forestry became systematically re-conceptualized, with new approaches to sylviculture, economics, law, and crucially, new visions of modernity. This disciplinary change constitutes nothing short of a cognitive revolution, one that has been brought about by a clearly articulated political perspective on the orientation of the discipline of forestry by its practitioners.Less
This book contributes to the debate regarding the origins, institutionalization, and politics of the sciences and systems of knowledge underlying colonial frameworks of environmental management. It departs from the widely prevalent scholarly perspective that colonial science can be understood predominantly as a handmaiden of imperialism. Instead, it argues that the myriad colonial sciences had ideological and interventionist traditions distinct from each other and from the colonial bureaucracy, and that these tensions better explain environmental politics and policy dilemmas in the post-colonial era. The author argues that tropical forestry in the 19th century consisted of at least two distinct approaches towards nature, resource, and people; and what won out in the end was the Continental European forestry paradigm. He also shows that science and scientists were relatively marginal until the First World War. It was the acute scientific and resource crisis felt during the War, along with the rise of experts and expertise in Britain during that period and the lobby-politics of an organized empire-wide scientific community, that resulted in resource management regimes such as forestry beginning to get serious state backing. Over time, considerable differences in approach and outlook towards policy emerged between different colonial scientific communities, such as foresters and agriculturists. These different colonial sciences represented different situated knowledges, with different visions of nature, people, and empire, and in different configurations of power. Finally, in a panoramic overview of post-colonial developments, the author argues that the hegemony of these state-scientific regimes of resource management during the period 1950-1990 engendered not just social revolt, as recent historical work has shown, but also intellectual protest. Consequently, the discipline of forestry became systematically re-conceptualized, with new approaches to sylviculture, economics, law, and crucially, new visions of modernity. This disciplinary change constitutes nothing short of a cognitive revolution, one that has been brought about by a clearly articulated political perspective on the orientation of the discipline of forestry by its practitioners.
Gregory Jackson, Martin Höpner, and Antje Kurdelbusch
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199263677
- eISBN:
- 9780191718373
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199263677.003.0004
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Corporate Governance and Accountability
This chapter examines German corporate governance within a sociological framework. It first examines the basic features of post-war German corporate governance and HRM, as they existed through the ...
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This chapter examines German corporate governance within a sociological framework. It first examines the basic features of post-war German corporate governance and HRM, as they existed through the late 1980s. It then considers the institutional linkages between these features. The chapter also outlines the changes in corporate ownership and finance in Germany during the 1990s, in particular the declining role of banks and the emerging market for corporate control. These changes are related to observed changes in employment and industrial relations, particularly issues of remuneration and codetermination. It is argued that linkages do exist between corporate governance and labour management, although studies often overestimates the extent to which such linkages are tight and coherent.Less
This chapter examines German corporate governance within a sociological framework. It first examines the basic features of post-war German corporate governance and HRM, as they existed through the late 1980s. It then considers the institutional linkages between these features. The chapter also outlines the changes in corporate ownership and finance in Germany during the 1990s, in particular the declining role of banks and the emerging market for corporate control. These changes are related to observed changes in employment and industrial relations, particularly issues of remuneration and codetermination. It is argued that linkages do exist between corporate governance and labour management, although studies often overestimates the extent to which such linkages are tight and coherent.
