Debra L. Dodson
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- May 2006
- ISBN:
- 9780198296744
- eISBN:
- 9780191603709
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198296746.003.0003
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics
This chapter offers a heuristic model to guide the exploration of how the convergence of individual, institutional, and extra-institutional forces contribute to substantive representation of women, ...
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This chapter offers a heuristic model to guide the exploration of how the convergence of individual, institutional, and extra-institutional forces contribute to substantive representation of women, as well as to the probabilistic nature of the relationship between descriptive and substantive representation of women. The focus is on seven distinct yet interactive factors: the participant stream, the condition stream, the problem stream, the internal/institutional structural stream, the internal/institutional political stream, the external political stream, and the solution stream. This framework forces the discussion beyond the simple question of ‘Do women make a difference?’ to highlight strategies that can increase (or decrease) substantive representation of women regardless of women’s proportional presence.Less
This chapter offers a heuristic model to guide the exploration of how the convergence of individual, institutional, and extra-institutional forces contribute to substantive representation of women, as well as to the probabilistic nature of the relationship between descriptive and substantive representation of women. The focus is on seven distinct yet interactive factors: the participant stream, the condition stream, the problem stream, the internal/institutional structural stream, the internal/institutional political stream, the external political stream, and the solution stream. This framework forces the discussion beyond the simple question of ‘Do women make a difference?’ to highlight strategies that can increase (or decrease) substantive representation of women regardless of women’s proportional presence.
Cindy Dell Clark
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195376593
- eISBN:
- 9780199865437
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195376593.001.0001
- Subject:
- Psychology, Developmental Psychology, Clinical Child Psychology / School Psychology
This book provides qualitative researchers with a guide to inquiry that learns from, with and about children. From fieldwork done during participant observation, to focus groups and depth ...
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This book provides qualitative researchers with a guide to inquiry that learns from, with and about children. From fieldwork done during participant observation, to focus groups and depth interviews, to the use of artwork, photography, play and metaphors, viable methods to foreground children’s views are featured. The tools for child-centered research and its interpretation are drawn from both academic and applied qualitative inquiry, providing broad instruction across a range of kid-attuned approaches. The book takes stock of a blossoming world-wide child-centered research movement, and its promise of better grasping children’s lives. Child-focused inquiry, the book insists, has relevance to both academic theory and practical application, including public policy.Less
This book provides qualitative researchers with a guide to inquiry that learns from, with and about children. From fieldwork done during participant observation, to focus groups and depth interviews, to the use of artwork, photography, play and metaphors, viable methods to foreground children’s views are featured. The tools for child-centered research and its interpretation are drawn from both academic and applied qualitative inquiry, providing broad instruction across a range of kid-attuned approaches. The book takes stock of a blossoming world-wide child-centered research movement, and its promise of better grasping children’s lives. Child-focused inquiry, the book insists, has relevance to both academic theory and practical application, including public policy.
Jeffrey G. Snodgrass
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2006
- ISBN:
- 9780195304343
- eISBN:
- 9780199785063
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195304349.003.0002
- Subject:
- Religion, Hinduism
This chapter further describes the context of the author’s participant-observation fieldwork situation in the towns of Udaipur and Jaipur in the Indian state of Rajasthan. It also presents the ...
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This chapter further describes the context of the author’s participant-observation fieldwork situation in the towns of Udaipur and Jaipur in the Indian state of Rajasthan. It also presents the scholarly understandings of South Asian society that ground the book’s arguments. It is demonstrated how changes in caste relations in the modern colonial and postcolonial periods, and especially the decline in importance of elite bardic communities, provided the author’s Bhat informants with opportunities to remake their caste identity in the particular manner explored in the pages of this book. This chapter takes pains to demonstrate continuities of experience between the formerly untouchable Bhats and other low status Dalit (“oppressed”) communities. The remainder of the book, however, points to the distinctive manner than Bhats, as low status bards participating in a declining village exchange economy referred to as jajmani, take advantage of changing historical contexts to rework themselves and the institution of caste in ways unique to this community of performers.Less
This chapter further describes the context of the author’s participant-observation fieldwork situation in the towns of Udaipur and Jaipur in the Indian state of Rajasthan. It also presents the scholarly understandings of South Asian society that ground the book’s arguments. It is demonstrated how changes in caste relations in the modern colonial and postcolonial periods, and especially the decline in importance of elite bardic communities, provided the author’s Bhat informants with opportunities to remake their caste identity in the particular manner explored in the pages of this book. This chapter takes pains to demonstrate continuities of experience between the formerly untouchable Bhats and other low status Dalit (“oppressed”) communities. The remainder of the book, however, points to the distinctive manner than Bhats, as low status bards participating in a declining village exchange economy referred to as jajmani, take advantage of changing historical contexts to rework themselves and the institution of caste in ways unique to this community of performers.
David G. Bromley
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195177299
- eISBN:
- 9780199785537
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195177299.003.0004
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
Some of the most significant knowledge about new religious movements has been generated through participant observation fieldwork. A variety of methodological issues have emerged in the process of ...
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Some of the most significant knowledge about new religious movements has been generated through participant observation fieldwork. A variety of methodological issues have emerged in the process of conducting participant observation research, including how groups are selected for study, how access to movements is negotiated, how internal and external pressures are managed during the research project, how various sources of information are utilized and assessed, and how the research process is terminated. Since most students have had no direct contact with new religions and are primarily aware of the controversies in which some movements have been involved, it is important to create perspective for students as they engage in their own intellectual encounter with new religions. This process involves successively creating receptivity and a problem solving approach, understanding the available sources of information and their utility, working with various sources of information and gaining an understanding of the interests they represent, collecting and analyzing readily available information on selected groups, and engaging in a direct encounter with one or more NRMs.Less
Some of the most significant knowledge about new religious movements has been generated through participant observation fieldwork. A variety of methodological issues have emerged in the process of conducting participant observation research, including how groups are selected for study, how access to movements is negotiated, how internal and external pressures are managed during the research project, how various sources of information are utilized and assessed, and how the research process is terminated. Since most students have had no direct contact with new religions and are primarily aware of the controversies in which some movements have been involved, it is important to create perspective for students as they engage in their own intellectual encounter with new religions. This process involves successively creating receptivity and a problem solving approach, understanding the available sources of information and their utility, working with various sources of information and gaining an understanding of the interests they represent, collecting and analyzing readily available information on selected groups, and engaging in a direct encounter with one or more NRMs.
Mary McClintock Fulkerson
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199296477
- eISBN:
- 9780191711930
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199296477.003.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
This chapter begins with a discussion of participant observation. It then describes the first encounter with Good Samaritan Church and presents a definition of practical theology. An overview of the ...
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This chapter begins with a discussion of participant observation. It then describes the first encounter with Good Samaritan Church and presents a definition of practical theology. An overview of the succeeding chapters is provided.Less
This chapter begins with a discussion of participant observation. It then describes the first encounter with Good Samaritan Church and presents a definition of practical theology. An overview of the succeeding chapters is provided.
David W. Miller
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- January 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195314809
- eISBN:
- 9780199785278
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195314809.003.0008
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
This chapter addresses the following questions: where is the Faith at Work movement is heading? Will it run out of steam, or will it continue to expand, perhaps in new shapes and forms? It argues ...
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This chapter addresses the following questions: where is the Faith at Work movement is heading? Will it run out of steam, or will it continue to expand, perhaps in new shapes and forms? It argues that unless the desire for integration and a holistic life, and the other conditions that created this groundswell of activity changes, the movement will continue to grow and develop in a variety of new ways and configurations. However, what remains to be seen is how the theological academy, the church, FAW participants, and companies respond. In light of this probability, it is appropriate to pause and critically reflect on the ramifications of this direction and to propose fresh theological and marketplace resources to understand and engage the future of the FAW movement.Less
This chapter addresses the following questions: where is the Faith at Work movement is heading? Will it run out of steam, or will it continue to expand, perhaps in new shapes and forms? It argues that unless the desire for integration and a holistic life, and the other conditions that created this groundswell of activity changes, the movement will continue to grow and develop in a variety of new ways and configurations. However, what remains to be seen is how the theological academy, the church, FAW participants, and companies respond. In light of this probability, it is appropriate to pause and critically reflect on the ramifications of this direction and to propose fresh theological and marketplace resources to understand and engage the future of the FAW movement.
Sydney D. Bailey and Sam Daws
- Published in print:
- 1998
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780198280736
- eISBN:
- 9780191598746
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198280734.003.0003
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
Looks at the people that make up the UN Security Council. It starts with sections on the Secretary‐General and the President, and goes on to discuss permanent members (of which there are five — from ...
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Looks at the people that make up the UN Security Council. It starts with sections on the Secretary‐General and the President, and goes on to discuss permanent members (of which there are five — from China, France, the Russian Federation, the United Kingdom and the United States) and non‐permanent members, of which details are given for each year from 1946 to 1997. The next section gives details of other participants in the UN Security Council: UN member states that are non‐members of the Council; the PLO/Permanent Observer for Palestine; the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia; UN member states that are non‐members of the Council in informal consultations of the whole; troop‐contributing states; individuals and regional organizations. The next two sections of the chapter discuss permanent missions of member states to the Council, and groups (bodies of UN members) within the Council with certain ideological or regional interests. The remaining sections discuss regionalism, credentials, the representation of China and diplomatic precedence.Less
Looks at the people that make up the UN Security Council. It starts with sections on the Secretary‐General and the President, and goes on to discuss permanent members (of which there are five — from China, France, the Russian Federation, the United Kingdom and the United States) and non‐permanent members, of which details are given for each year from 1946 to 1997. The next section gives details of other participants in the UN Security Council: UN member states that are non‐members of the Council; the PLO/Permanent Observer for Palestine; the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia; UN member states that are non‐members of the Council in informal consultations of the whole; troop‐contributing states; individuals and regional organizations. The next two sections of the chapter discuss permanent missions of member states to the Council, and groups (bodies of UN members) within the Council with certain ideological or regional interests. The remaining sections discuss regionalism, credentials, the representation of China and diplomatic precedence.
Kees Hengeveld and J. Lachlan Mackenzie
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- September 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780199278107
- eISBN:
- 9780191707797
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199278107.003.0002
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Psycholinguistics / Neurolinguistics / Cognitive Linguistics, Theoretical Linguistics
The chapter presents the Interpersonal Level of FDG, which is modelled as a layered structure indicating the part-whole relations among units of discourse. The chapter shows how Discourse Acts group ...
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The chapter presents the Interpersonal Level of FDG, which is modelled as a layered structure indicating the part-whole relations among units of discourse. The chapter shows how Discourse Acts group into Moves and are themselves built up from component elements, including the Communicated Content, which contains Subacts of Reference and Ascription.Less
The chapter presents the Interpersonal Level of FDG, which is modelled as a layered structure indicating the part-whole relations among units of discourse. The chapter shows how Discourse Acts group into Moves and are themselves built up from component elements, including the Communicated Content, which contains Subacts of Reference and Ascription.
Nikolas Gisborne
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199577798
- eISBN:
- 9780191722417
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199577798.003.0003
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Semantics and Pragmatics, Syntax and Morphology
In this chapter, there is a discussion of causation and ditransitive verbs, organized around the question of whether ditransitives lexicalize a causative structure or not, and concluding that they do ...
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In this chapter, there is a discussion of causation and ditransitive verbs, organized around the question of whether ditransitives lexicalize a causative structure or not, and concluding that they do not. This discussion serves two purposes: it shows the Word Grammar representation accounts for some key (and well understood) phenomena in lexical semantics; and it sets up a discussion of causation, small clauses, agency and ditransitivity which is central to some of the following analyses subsequently in the book. In addition to the specific analyses of individual verbs, there is a more general discussion of the nature of sublexical causation, and whether it should be understood in terms of relations between events, relations between participants and events, or relations between participants in events and other participants.Less
In this chapter, there is a discussion of causation and ditransitive verbs, organized around the question of whether ditransitives lexicalize a causative structure or not, and concluding that they do not. This discussion serves two purposes: it shows the Word Grammar representation accounts for some key (and well understood) phenomena in lexical semantics; and it sets up a discussion of causation, small clauses, agency and ditransitivity which is central to some of the following analyses subsequently in the book. In addition to the specific analyses of individual verbs, there is a more general discussion of the nature of sublexical causation, and whether it should be understood in terms of relations between events, relations between participants and events, or relations between participants in events and other participants.
Nina Eliasoph
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691147093
- eISBN:
- 9781400838820
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691147093.003.0006
- Subject:
- Sociology, Social Stratification, Inequality, and Mobility
This chapter takes a look at the adult volunteers who come to help in the summer and after-school homework programs studied in this volume. Adult volunteers' presence symbolize, in the funders' eyes, ...
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This chapter takes a look at the adult volunteers who come to help in the summer and after-school homework programs studied in this volume. Adult volunteers' presence symbolize, in the funders' eyes, that a program enjoys local grassroots support, so paid organizers cannot afford to shut out these volunteers. However, the chapter shows that when they come to the after-school programs for one or two hours a week for a few months or a year at most, their short-term, optional, sporadic efforts at creating intimate bonds with youth participants undermine the intimate atmosphere that a devoted paid organizer manages to create.Less
This chapter takes a look at the adult volunteers who come to help in the summer and after-school homework programs studied in this volume. Adult volunteers' presence symbolize, in the funders' eyes, that a program enjoys local grassroots support, so paid organizers cannot afford to shut out these volunteers. However, the chapter shows that when they come to the after-school programs for one or two hours a week for a few months or a year at most, their short-term, optional, sporadic efforts at creating intimate bonds with youth participants undermine the intimate atmosphere that a devoted paid organizer manages to create.
