Peter Goldie
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199230730
- eISBN:
- 9780191741340
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199230730.003.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Philosophy of Mind
Chapter 1 introduces the notion of narrative and narrative structure. It argues that narratives need not be publicly narrated, but can be just thought through in acts of narrative thinking. Chapter 1 ...
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Chapter 1 introduces the notion of narrative and narrative structure. It argues that narratives need not be publicly narrated, but can be just thought through in acts of narrative thinking. Chapter 1 also introduces the notion of perspective, grasp of which is essential to a proper grasp of narratives and their meaning. A perspective can be internal to a narrative, being the perspective of a ‘character’ in the narrative, or the perspective can be external to the narrative, being the perspective of, for example, the narrator or the audience. These perspectives can, of course, diverge.Less
Chapter 1 introduces the notion of narrative and narrative structure. It argues that narratives need not be publicly narrated, but can be just thought through in acts of narrative thinking. Chapter 1 also introduces the notion of perspective, grasp of which is essential to a proper grasp of narratives and their meaning. A perspective can be internal to a narrative, being the perspective of a ‘character’ in the narrative, or the perspective can be external to the narrative, being the perspective of, for example, the narrator or the audience. These perspectives can, of course, diverge.
Kathleen Wells
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195385793
- eISBN:
- 9780199827237
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195385793.003.0005
- Subject:
- Social Work, Research and Evaluation
This chapter discusses approaches to the analysis of the structure of narratives, that is, the analysis of how narratives are put together for what they might mean. Two of the three approaches ...
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This chapter discusses approaches to the analysis of the structure of narratives, that is, the analysis of how narratives are put together for what they might mean. Two of the three approaches examined focus on the surface structure of narrative whereas the third focuses on both the surface and the deep structure of narrative. The three approaches examined include the analysis of sequence in narrative, the analysis of poetic structure of narrative, and the analysis of identity in narrative. Each of these is discussed in relation to its theoretical orientation, central question, orientation to method, and major concepts. An exemplar of each method is included as well as a discussion of its general use. The chapter concludes with an evaluation of the strengths and the limitations of these approaches considered as a whole.Less
This chapter discusses approaches to the analysis of the structure of narratives, that is, the analysis of how narratives are put together for what they might mean. Two of the three approaches examined focus on the surface structure of narrative whereas the third focuses on both the surface and the deep structure of narrative. The three approaches examined include the analysis of sequence in narrative, the analysis of poetic structure of narrative, and the analysis of identity in narrative. Each of these is discussed in relation to its theoretical orientation, central question, orientation to method, and major concepts. An exemplar of each method is included as well as a discussion of its general use. The chapter concludes with an evaluation of the strengths and the limitations of these approaches considered as a whole.
Rebecca Braun
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- September 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780199542703
- eISBN:
- 9780191715372
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199542703.003.0005
- Subject:
- Literature, 20th-century and Contemporary Literature, Prose (inc. letters, diaries)
This chapter continues the focus on narrative positions, now with respect to the fictional works Der Butt (1977) and Die Rättin (1986). Through close readings of each text, it is argued that Grass ...
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This chapter continues the focus on narrative positions, now with respect to the fictional works Der Butt (1977) and Die Rättin (1986). Through close readings of each text, it is argued that Grass uses these works to explore the limits of authorship as a kind of textual response to attacks on the socio-political model of authorship. As politics impinges on the literary realm, Grass's interest in literary self-presentation takes on an existential aspect. Within both texts the narrator represents authorship against the odds, struggling to retain his position within the text and yet implicitly defining the authorial role as the only way in which he might be able to ensure his survival. The insight yielded by these two challenging works not only accounts for their highly complex narrative structures, it introduces to Grass's later works a distinct sense of the literary author's limitations within the text on which he depends.Less
This chapter continues the focus on narrative positions, now with respect to the fictional works Der Butt (1977) and Die Rättin (1986). Through close readings of each text, it is argued that Grass uses these works to explore the limits of authorship as a kind of textual response to attacks on the socio-political model of authorship. As politics impinges on the literary realm, Grass's interest in literary self-presentation takes on an existential aspect. Within both texts the narrator represents authorship against the odds, struggling to retain his position within the text and yet implicitly defining the authorial role as the only way in which he might be able to ensure his survival. The insight yielded by these two challenging works not only accounts for their highly complex narrative structures, it introduces to Grass's later works a distinct sense of the literary author's limitations within the text on which he depends.
Philip J. M. Sturgess
- Published in print:
- 1992
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198119548
- eISBN:
- 9780191671173
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198119548.003.0002
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
This chapter provides a detailed effort of clarification concerning the idea of narrativity. It begins by considering the relationship which exists, or fails to exist, between this concept and two ...
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This chapter provides a detailed effort of clarification concerning the idea of narrativity. It begins by considering the relationship which exists, or fails to exist, between this concept and two important critical ideas, that already evoked of a grammar of narrative and that of ‘deep narrative structures’. Narrativity may be thought of as the enabling force of narrative, a force that is present at every point in the narrative and thus always operates syntagmatically.Less
This chapter provides a detailed effort of clarification concerning the idea of narrativity. It begins by considering the relationship which exists, or fails to exist, between this concept and two important critical ideas, that already evoked of a grammar of narrative and that of ‘deep narrative structures’. Narrativity may be thought of as the enabling force of narrative, a force that is present at every point in the narrative and thus always operates syntagmatically.
Roger W. Shuy
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- May 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780195328837
- eISBN:
- 9780199870165
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195328837.003.0007
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Sociolinguistics / Anthropological Linguistics
In a class action suit based on deceptive trade practices brought by eleven state attorneys general against the maker of a nicotine skin patch, plaintiffs claimed that the advertisements for that ...
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In a class action suit based on deceptive trade practices brought by eleven state attorneys general against the maker of a nicotine skin patch, plaintiffs claimed that the advertisements for that product made deceptive and false claims about its ability to cause smokers to “quit smoking” and that claims to success in this were based on inadequate research tests. Analysis of the narrative structure of the advertisement indicates that it did not include the conventional evaluation phase. The advertisement's implicature is that the narrator now thinks he can quit smoking, but nowhere does he say that he successfully quit. Semantic analyses of “quit” and “quitter” do not convey total permanence but, rather, ambiguously suggest an attempt with either permanent or temporal effects, supported by many citations based on a Lexis/Nexis search of media usage. If the advertisement had wanted to indicate permanence, the defense suggested words available in the lexicon to do this.Less
In a class action suit based on deceptive trade practices brought by eleven state attorneys general against the maker of a nicotine skin patch, plaintiffs claimed that the advertisements for that product made deceptive and false claims about its ability to cause smokers to “quit smoking” and that claims to success in this were based on inadequate research tests. Analysis of the narrative structure of the advertisement indicates that it did not include the conventional evaluation phase. The advertisement's implicature is that the narrator now thinks he can quit smoking, but nowhere does he say that he successfully quit. Semantic analyses of “quit” and “quitter” do not convey total permanence but, rather, ambiguously suggest an attempt with either permanent or temporal effects, supported by many citations based on a Lexis/Nexis search of media usage. If the advertisement had wanted to indicate permanence, the defense suggested words available in the lexicon to do this.
Catherine Belling
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199892365
- eISBN:
- 9780199950096
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199892365.003.0024
- Subject:
- Philosophy, General
This chapter focuses on the problem of narrative structure in the story of hypochondria. In the absence of diagnosed organic disease, the hypochondriac is refused the conventional beginning of the ...
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This chapter focuses on the problem of narrative structure in the story of hypochondria. In the absence of diagnosed organic disease, the hypochondriac is refused the conventional beginning of the illness narrative. Instead, the story of hypochondria is recursive in structure, with repeated false starts. It follows, then, that no clear ending-or closure-are possible either. Different writers who identify themselves as hypochondriacs have found different ways to address these narrative challenges, revealing both the particular fears and desires inherent in stories of hypochondria, and the power of narrative in the experience of any illness.Less
This chapter focuses on the problem of narrative structure in the story of hypochondria. In the absence of diagnosed organic disease, the hypochondriac is refused the conventional beginning of the illness narrative. Instead, the story of hypochondria is recursive in structure, with repeated false starts. It follows, then, that no clear ending-or closure-are possible either. Different writers who identify themselves as hypochondriacs have found different ways to address these narrative challenges, revealing both the particular fears and desires inherent in stories of hypochondria, and the power of narrative in the experience of any illness.
Cheryl Mattingly and Linda C. Garro
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520218246
- eISBN:
- 9780520935228
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520218246.003.0008
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Medical Anthropology
This chapter focuses on “emergent narratives,” or stories that are created largely through actions rather than through words. It explores the interaction between health professionals and clients, ...
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This chapter focuses on “emergent narratives,” or stories that are created largely through actions rather than through words. It explores the interaction between health professionals and clients, while focusing on a single clinical encounter between an occupational therapist and patient. The discussion considers the poetics of the clinical interaction and relies on philosophical hermeneutics instead of rhetoric in considering the place of narrative in clinical work. The chapter also studies the narrative structure of action rather than narrative discourse.Less
This chapter focuses on “emergent narratives,” or stories that are created largely through actions rather than through words. It explores the interaction between health professionals and clients, while focusing on a single clinical encounter between an occupational therapist and patient. The discussion considers the poetics of the clinical interaction and relies on philosophical hermeneutics instead of rhetoric in considering the place of narrative in clinical work. The chapter also studies the narrative structure of action rather than narrative discourse.
Alexandra Georgakopoulou and Dionysis Goutsos
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748620456
- eISBN:
- 9780748671397
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748620456.003.0003
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Sociolinguistics / Anthropological Linguistics
The chapter examines narrative and non-narrative units and relations. The identification of narrative units depends on the analysis of narrative structures as e.g. in story grammar models or in ...
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The chapter examines narrative and non-narrative units and relations. The identification of narrative units depends on the analysis of narrative structures as e.g. in story grammar models or in Labov’s model of narrative structure. In the latter, evaluation is discussed as a central structural component, realised through several devices. Narrative units can also be distinguished in thematic terms, including idea units, lines, stanzas etc., as well as in sequential or hierarchical terms, including the foreground-background distinction. Non-narrative units, on the other hand, can also be identified in sequential terms, as a result of the basic strategies of continuity and shift. Ideational acts, like those involved in the rhetorical relations of Rhetorical Structure Theory, are also prominent, while a clear distinction should be made between the latter and intentional relations, which are involved in argumentation.Less
The chapter examines narrative and non-narrative units and relations. The identification of narrative units depends on the analysis of narrative structures as e.g. in story grammar models or in Labov’s model of narrative structure. In the latter, evaluation is discussed as a central structural component, realised through several devices. Narrative units can also be distinguished in thematic terms, including idea units, lines, stanzas etc., as well as in sequential or hierarchical terms, including the foreground-background distinction. Non-narrative units, on the other hand, can also be identified in sequential terms, as a result of the basic strategies of continuity and shift. Ideational acts, like those involved in the rhetorical relations of Rhetorical Structure Theory, are also prominent, while a clear distinction should be made between the latter and intentional relations, which are involved in argumentation.
Peter Goldie
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780199253043
- eISBN:
- 9780191597510
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199253048.003.0004
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Philosophy of Mind
The notion of paradigmatic narrative structures can help explain cross‐cultural similarities and differences in emotional experience, expression, and conception. Our capabilities for emotional ...
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The notion of paradigmatic narrative structures can help explain cross‐cultural similarities and differences in emotional experience, expression, and conception. Our capabilities for emotional experience are developmentally open or plastic. This is contrasted with the avocado‐pear conception, that basic emotions are hard‐wired, and that it is only the soft outer element that is culturally influenced. There is a defence of commonsense psychology, showing how it can learn from evolutionary psychology, rather than being threatened by it. In particular, the idea is discussed that weakness of the will or akrasia can be explained by reference to the cognitive impenetrability of some of our emotional responses, and our primitively intelligible emotional desires.Less
The notion of paradigmatic narrative structures can help explain cross‐cultural similarities and differences in emotional experience, expression, and conception. Our capabilities for emotional experience are developmentally open or plastic. This is contrasted with the avocado‐pear conception, that basic emotions are hard‐wired, and that it is only the soft outer element that is culturally influenced. There is a defence of commonsense psychology, showing how it can learn from evolutionary psychology, rather than being threatened by it. In particular, the idea is discussed that weakness of the will or akrasia can be explained by reference to the cognitive impenetrability of some of our emotional responses, and our primitively intelligible emotional desires.
Fernando Ortiz and Lydia Cabrera
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780813037479
- eISBN:
- 9780813042329
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813037479.003.0002
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Latin American Studies
This chapter explores the ways in which narrative structure shapes and is shaped by the presentation of race. Through a comparison of Fernando Ortiz's Los negros brujos and Lydia Cabrera's El Monte, ...
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This chapter explores the ways in which narrative structure shapes and is shaped by the presentation of race. Through a comparison of Fernando Ortiz's Los negros brujos and Lydia Cabrera's El Monte, it shows how Cuban writers use ideas of time and space to represent blackness. Ortiz constructs his study via a temporal framework that privileges positivist ideas of evolution. His desire to create a coherent national narrative creates a tension in his work between defining Afro-Cuban culture and subsuming the question of blackness into a narrative of hybridity, a tension which extends to his later work such as Contrapunteo cubano. Cabrera's use of a spatial, rather than temporal, framework of analysis allows her, unlike Ortiz, to posit a national space in which different races and cultural narratives exist.Less
This chapter explores the ways in which narrative structure shapes and is shaped by the presentation of race. Through a comparison of Fernando Ortiz's Los negros brujos and Lydia Cabrera's El Monte, it shows how Cuban writers use ideas of time and space to represent blackness. Ortiz constructs his study via a temporal framework that privileges positivist ideas of evolution. His desire to create a coherent national narrative creates a tension in his work between defining Afro-Cuban culture and subsuming the question of blackness into a narrative of hybridity, a tension which extends to his later work such as Contrapunteo cubano. Cabrera's use of a spatial, rather than temporal, framework of analysis allows her, unlike Ortiz, to posit a national space in which different races and cultural narratives exist.
