Sofia Johnson Frankenberg
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199652501
- eISBN:
- 9780191739217
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199652501.003.0030
- Subject:
- Law, Family Law, Human Rights and Immigration
Most caregivers regard it as their responsibility to teach children to behave appropriately. What is appropriate behaviour and how to make children behave as they should varies according to the local ...
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Most caregivers regard it as their responsibility to teach children to behave appropriately. What is appropriate behaviour and how to make children behave as they should varies according to the local context. In Tanzania, although a signatory to the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, corporal punishment is lawful in schools, in the penal system, in families, and in alternative care institutions. In a previous chapter, caregivers' conceptions of corporal punishment have been explored. This chapter takes point of departure in these findings and takes them a step further by investigating how they can be understood in the light of the caregiving relationship using the concepts zone of intimacy and ethics of care.Less
Most caregivers regard it as their responsibility to teach children to behave appropriately. What is appropriate behaviour and how to make children behave as they should varies according to the local context. In Tanzania, although a signatory to the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, corporal punishment is lawful in schools, in the penal system, in families, and in alternative care institutions. In a previous chapter, caregivers' conceptions of corporal punishment have been explored. This chapter takes point of departure in these findings and takes them a step further by investigating how they can be understood in the light of the caregiving relationship using the concepts zone of intimacy and ethics of care.
Rebecca Krawiec
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780195129434
- eISBN:
- 9780199834396
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195129431.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion in the Ancient World
Analyzes the evidence for the lives of women living in the White Monastery, located in upper Egypt, under its third abbot, Shenoute, who served from 385–464 c.e. Several of Shenoute's letters, which ...
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Analyzes the evidence for the lives of women living in the White Monastery, located in upper Egypt, under its third abbot, Shenoute, who served from 385–464 c.e. Several of Shenoute's letters, which were written in Coptic and survive in fragmentary form, address periods of conflict either between female monks or between the female community and Shenoute. As a result, they differ in genre from any other evidence of female monasticism in late antiquity and so present a unique corpus of material for investigation. A key issue pertains to Shenoute's efforts to establish his monastic authority over the women's community, which was physically separate from the men's, and the evidence for the women's acceptance and resistance to that expansion. I then argue that gender analysis reveals that Shenoute regarded his efforts as part of the creation of a universal monasticism, which had uniform requirements for male and female monks, including the controversial subject of corporal punishment. It simultaneously reveals, however, points of gender asymmetry, and so inequity, within monastic authority and practices, some promoted by Shenoute and some by the women themselves. Finally, Shenoute's use of the family as a model for the monastery helped him create kinship bonds among all monks, both those who had left their families and those who brought their relatives with them. Like gender, with which the family is intimately connected, this model also allows Shenoute to negotiate tensions and contradictions using egalitarian language while simultaneously constructing patriarchal authority.Less
Analyzes the evidence for the lives of women living in the White Monastery, located in upper Egypt, under its third abbot, Shenoute, who served from 385–464 c.e. Several of Shenoute's letters, which were written in Coptic and survive in fragmentary form, address periods of conflict either between female monks or between the female community and Shenoute. As a result, they differ in genre from any other evidence of female monasticism in late antiquity and so present a unique corpus of material for investigation. A key issue pertains to Shenoute's efforts to establish his monastic authority over the women's community, which was physically separate from the men's, and the evidence for the women's acceptance and resistance to that expansion. I then argue that gender analysis reveals that Shenoute regarded his efforts as part of the creation of a universal monasticism, which had uniform requirements for male and female monks, including the controversial subject of corporal punishment. It simultaneously reveals, however, points of gender asymmetry, and so inequity, within monastic authority and practices, some promoted by Shenoute and some by the women themselves. Finally, Shenoute's use of the family as a model for the monastery helped him create kinship bonds among all monks, both those who had left their families and those who brought their relatives with them. Like gender, with which the family is intimately connected, this model also allows Shenoute to negotiate tensions and contradictions using egalitarian language while simultaneously constructing patriarchal authority.
Rebecca Krawiec
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780195129434
- eISBN:
- 9780199834396
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195129431.003.0006
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion in the Ancient World
Shenoute's goal for the monastery, including the female community, was to create one monastic experience for all monks “whether male or female.” His emphasis on uniformity was meant to preclude ...
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Shenoute's goal for the monastery, including the female community, was to create one monastic experience for all monks “whether male or female.” His emphasis on uniformity was meant to preclude difference, especially gender difference, even as his language continually reinscribed the categories of “male” and “female.” Three areas – corporal punishment, fasting, and teaching – show evidence of change within the female community as a result of Shenoute's insistence on uniform monastic practices. Yet, Shenoute also, perhaps unwittingly, created an asymmetrical monastic hierarchy where all monks were subordinate to Shenoute, but the female monks were also under the authority of male envoys (with the same monastic rank as the female leaders) who served as proxies for Shenoute. Gender also served as a structural basis of the community: both a physical boundary, evident in the women's seclusion and the prohibition on visits between male and female monks, including relatives, and a cultural boundary, reinforced by Shenoute's alignment of the women with susceptibility to the Devil, separated, and so created difference between the male and female communities.Less
Shenoute's goal for the monastery, including the female community, was to create one monastic experience for all monks “whether male or female.” His emphasis on uniformity was meant to preclude difference, especially gender difference, even as his language continually reinscribed the categories of “male” and “female.” Three areas – corporal punishment, fasting, and teaching – show evidence of change within the female community as a result of Shenoute's insistence on uniform monastic practices. Yet, Shenoute also, perhaps unwittingly, created an asymmetrical monastic hierarchy where all monks were subordinate to Shenoute, but the female monks were also under the authority of male envoys (with the same monastic rank as the female leaders) who served as proxies for Shenoute. Gender also served as a structural basis of the community: both a physical boundary, evident in the women's seclusion and the prohibition on visits between male and female monks, including relatives, and a cultural boundary, reinforced by Shenoute's alignment of the women with susceptibility to the Devil, separated, and so created difference between the male and female communities.
David R. Dupper
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195378078
- eISBN:
- 9780199777426
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195378078.001.0001
- Subject:
- Social Work, Children and Families
Mounting evidence shows that zero-tolerance policies, suspensions, and restrictive security policies fail to improve school safety and student behaviors, and are linked with increased risk of ...
More
Mounting evidence shows that zero-tolerance policies, suspensions, and restrictive security policies fail to improve school safety and student behaviors, and are linked with increased risk of dropping out. Minority students are suspended at disproportionate rates, and over a million cases of corporal punishment are reported each year. Against this dismal backdrop, David Dupper presents a transformative new model of school discipline that is preventive, proactive, and relationship-based. Unlike traditional punitive and exclusionary practices, the model developed in this Workshop volume focuses on enhancing students' connection to school through building relationships and bolstering social skills. Drawing on the latest research about what works, and what doesn’t, this highly practical guide catalogs an array of proven and promising practices designed to engage, instead of exclude, students. Rather than illustrate a one-size-fits-all approach, it guides practitioners and administrators in identifying their school's unique needs and selecting appropriate strategies for use at the universal, targeted, and remedial levels. A five-step strategic planning model helps schools transition toward a holistic, relationship-based approach to discipline. Boxes, evidence summaries, and practice tips make this an accessible, forward-thinking resource for school personnel seeking to engage students and reduce behavior problems in the most effective, pragmatic, and cost-efficient manner possible.Less
Mounting evidence shows that zero-tolerance policies, suspensions, and restrictive security policies fail to improve school safety and student behaviors, and are linked with increased risk of dropping out. Minority students are suspended at disproportionate rates, and over a million cases of corporal punishment are reported each year. Against this dismal backdrop, David Dupper presents a transformative new model of school discipline that is preventive, proactive, and relationship-based. Unlike traditional punitive and exclusionary practices, the model developed in this Workshop volume focuses on enhancing students' connection to school through building relationships and bolstering social skills. Drawing on the latest research about what works, and what doesn’t, this highly practical guide catalogs an array of proven and promising practices designed to engage, instead of exclude, students. Rather than illustrate a one-size-fits-all approach, it guides practitioners and administrators in identifying their school's unique needs and selecting appropriate strategies for use at the universal, targeted, and remedial levels. A five-step strategic planning model helps schools transition toward a holistic, relationship-based approach to discipline. Boxes, evidence summaries, and practice tips make this an accessible, forward-thinking resource for school personnel seeking to engage students and reduce behavior problems in the most effective, pragmatic, and cost-efficient manner possible.
Moira Maguire
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- July 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780719080814
- eISBN:
- 9781781702604
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719080814.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, Social History
This chapter investigates the physical and sexual violence to which children were subjected in twentieth-century Ireland. The Irish Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children (ISPCC), in spite ...
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This chapter investigates the physical and sexual violence to which children were subjected in twentieth-century Ireland. The Irish Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children (ISPCC), in spite of its founding mission to protect children from ‘cruelty,’ rarely dealt with explicit cases of cruelty, abuse, or assault in the course of their daily rounds. The use of corporal punishment in national schools is then discussed. Children were subject to a significant degree of sexual violence in twentieth-century Ireland. Sentencing and conviction patterns show that sexual crimes against children were not treated as serious, and no one recognized the potentially harmful long-term effects of sexual abuse on children. Irish society at all levels tolerated a degree of violence against children that was striking in its regularity and routineness.Less
This chapter investigates the physical and sexual violence to which children were subjected in twentieth-century Ireland. The Irish Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children (ISPCC), in spite of its founding mission to protect children from ‘cruelty,’ rarely dealt with explicit cases of cruelty, abuse, or assault in the course of their daily rounds. The use of corporal punishment in national schools is then discussed. Children were subject to a significant degree of sexual violence in twentieth-century Ireland. Sentencing and conviction patterns show that sexual crimes against children were not treated as serious, and no one recognized the potentially harmful long-term effects of sexual abuse on children. Irish society at all levels tolerated a degree of violence against children that was striking in its regularity and routineness.
Murray A. Straus and Michael Donnelly
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- October 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780300085471
- eISBN:
- 9780300133806
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300085471.003.0001
- Subject:
- Law, Family Law
The goal of this book is to stimulate further research by psychologists, sociologists, and other social scientists concerned with child development and parent behavior. Given the recent and growing ...
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The goal of this book is to stimulate further research by psychologists, sociologists, and other social scientists concerned with child development and parent behavior. Given the recent and growing concern with corporal punishment, the book appears at an opportune moment, when it might be the catalyst for more systematic and coherent research. Chapters define corporal punishment from the perspective of a particular theory, identify those aspects of corporal punishment that the theory is most adequate to explain, and relate the theory at hand to other theories. Many of the chapters also review empirical research on corporal punishment informed by the given theories, explore methodological issues, and suggest avenues for further research.Less
The goal of this book is to stimulate further research by psychologists, sociologists, and other social scientists concerned with child development and parent behavior. Given the recent and growing concern with corporal punishment, the book appears at an opportune moment, when it might be the catalyst for more systematic and coherent research. Chapters define corporal punishment from the perspective of a particular theory, identify those aspects of corporal punishment that the theory is most adequate to explain, and relate the theory at hand to other theories. Many of the chapters also review empirical research on corporal punishment informed by the given theories, explore methodological issues, and suggest avenues for further research.
Nigel Rodley and Matt Pollard
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- April 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780199693566
- eISBN:
- 9780191807503
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199693566.003.0011
- Subject:
- Law, Human Rights and Immigration
This chapter briefly assesses the geographical scope of the practice of corporal punishment and investigates reports of the rare occasions upon which it has been considered by the General Assembly ...
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This chapter briefly assesses the geographical scope of the practice of corporal punishment and investigates reports of the rare occasions upon which it has been considered by the General Assembly and other UN bodies. It compares the Third and Fourth Geneva Conventions' prohibition of corporal punishment and takes on the question whether the infliction of corporal punishment would entail a grave breach of the Conventions within their respective meaning. In the environment of international human rights law, the chapter studies the UN Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners definition of corporate punishment. Furthermore, it analyses the Tyrer v. United Kingdom case brought before the European Commission of Human Rights to test the compatibility of jurisdiction under the European Convention on Human Rights.Less
This chapter briefly assesses the geographical scope of the practice of corporal punishment and investigates reports of the rare occasions upon which it has been considered by the General Assembly and other UN bodies. It compares the Third and Fourth Geneva Conventions' prohibition of corporal punishment and takes on the question whether the infliction of corporal punishment would entail a grave breach of the Conventions within their respective meaning. In the environment of international human rights law, the chapter studies the UN Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners definition of corporate punishment. Furthermore, it analyses the Tyrer v. United Kingdom case brought before the European Commission of Human Rights to test the compatibility of jurisdiction under the European Convention on Human Rights.
Paul Millar
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- May 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195310313
- eISBN:
- 9780199871384
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195310313.003.0006
- Subject:
- Psychology, Social Psychology
This chapter addresses two major issues. First, it reviews several theoretical accounts of the development of aggression in children. While some theories suggest that aggressive behavior is learned, ...
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This chapter addresses two major issues. First, it reviews several theoretical accounts of the development of aggression in children. While some theories suggest that aggressive behavior is learned, others suggest that it is innate, and that children must be socialized to be nonviolent. Second, family of origin parameters are thought to be important in the process of socialization, in particular for the development of self-control. Using data from Canada's National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (NLSCY), it investigates the direct and indirect effects of a variety of family factors on childhood aggression. In particular, the chapter finds that corporal punishment and yelling are strongly associated with both aggression and property offences. The nuances of relationships among family factors such as income and parent education, parenting factors such as corporal punishment, yelling, consistency and supervision, and aggressive outcomes are explored in detail.Less
This chapter addresses two major issues. First, it reviews several theoretical accounts of the development of aggression in children. While some theories suggest that aggressive behavior is learned, others suggest that it is innate, and that children must be socialized to be nonviolent. Second, family of origin parameters are thought to be important in the process of socialization, in particular for the development of self-control. Using data from Canada's National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth (NLSCY), it investigates the direct and indirect effects of a variety of family factors on childhood aggression. In particular, the chapter finds that corporal punishment and yelling are strongly associated with both aggression and property offences. The nuances of relationships among family factors such as income and parent education, parenting factors such as corporal punishment, yelling, consistency and supervision, and aggressive outcomes are explored in detail.
David R. Dupper
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195378078
- eISBN:
- 9780199777426
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195378078.003.0001
- Subject:
- Social Work, Children and Families
This chapter discusses a number of issues surrounding the most widely implemented school disciplinary practices in U.S. public schools today out-of-school suspension and expulsion. It discusses the ...
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This chapter discusses a number of issues surrounding the most widely implemented school disciplinary practices in U.S. public schools today out-of-school suspension and expulsion. It discusses the current prevalence of suspensions, the effectiveness of suspensions, and health and social problems that have been shown to be associated with suspensions. It also examines what is known about the reasons why students are suspended from school and raises a number of questions and concerns about the way in which certain categories of offenses are defined and reported. It discusses issues surrounding the disproportionate rates of suspensions for African-American and Hispanic students and concludes with a brief discussion of the prevalence and outcomes associated with the use of corporal punishment in those states where it remains legal.Less
This chapter discusses a number of issues surrounding the most widely implemented school disciplinary practices in U.S. public schools today out-of-school suspension and expulsion. It discusses the current prevalence of suspensions, the effectiveness of suspensions, and health and social problems that have been shown to be associated with suspensions. It also examines what is known about the reasons why students are suspended from school and raises a number of questions and concerns about the way in which certain categories of offenses are defined and reported. It discusses issues surrounding the disproportionate rates of suspensions for African-American and Hispanic students and concludes with a brief discussion of the prevalence and outcomes associated with the use of corporal punishment in those states where it remains legal.
Kathleen Marshall
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2015
- ISBN:
- 9781845860677
- eISBN:
- 9781474406260
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781845860677.003.0010
- Subject:
- Law, Legal History
This chapter explores the Campbell and Cosans case involving Jane Cosans, mother of the fifteen-year-old Jeffrey Cosans, and Grace Campbell, mother of the six-year-old Gordon Campbell. Both women ...
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This chapter explores the Campbell and Cosans case involving Jane Cosans, mother of the fifteen-year-old Jeffrey Cosans, and Grace Campbell, mother of the six-year-old Gordon Campbell. Both women protested the use of corporal punishment as a disciplinary measure in their children's schools. The mothers lodged the case before the European Commission for Human Rights (ECHR), claiming that corporal punishment was both degrading and inhumane, and thus a violation of Article 3 of ECHR's Protocol 1. As a defence, the state schools, through the UK government, argued that the Scotland's domestic law and the 1968 Code of Practice provided adequate safeguards against such punishment. The ECHR rejected the claim of the mothers. The mothers then appealed the case before the European Court of Human Rights, yet it was subsequently dismissed.Less
This chapter explores the Campbell and Cosans case involving Jane Cosans, mother of the fifteen-year-old Jeffrey Cosans, and Grace Campbell, mother of the six-year-old Gordon Campbell. Both women protested the use of corporal punishment as a disciplinary measure in their children's schools. The mothers lodged the case before the European Commission for Human Rights (ECHR), claiming that corporal punishment was both degrading and inhumane, and thus a violation of Article 3 of ECHR's Protocol 1. As a defence, the state schools, through the UK government, argued that the Scotland's domestic law and the 1968 Code of Practice provided adequate safeguards against such punishment. The ECHR rejected the claim of the mothers. The mothers then appealed the case before the European Court of Human Rights, yet it was subsequently dismissed.
Michael Donnelly and Murray Straus (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- October 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780300085471
- eISBN:
- 9780300133806
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300085471.001.0001
- Subject:
- Law, Family Law
Despite being commonplace in American households a generation ago, corporal punishment of children has been subjected to criticism and shifting attitudes in recent years. Many school districts have ...
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Despite being commonplace in American households a generation ago, corporal punishment of children has been subjected to criticism and shifting attitudes in recent years. Many school districts have banned it, and many child advocates recommend that parents no longer spank or strike their children. This book taps into the expertise of social science scholars and researchers who address issues of corporal punishment, a subject that is now characterized as a key issue in child welfare. The chapters discuss corporal punishment, its use, causes, and consequences, drawing on a wide array of comparative, psychological, and sociological theories. Together, they clarify the analytical issues and lay a strong foundation for future research and interdisciplinary collaboration.Less
Despite being commonplace in American households a generation ago, corporal punishment of children has been subjected to criticism and shifting attitudes in recent years. Many school districts have banned it, and many child advocates recommend that parents no longer spank or strike their children. This book taps into the expertise of social science scholars and researchers who address issues of corporal punishment, a subject that is now characterized as a key issue in child welfare. The chapters discuss corporal punishment, its use, causes, and consequences, drawing on a wide array of comparative, psychological, and sociological theories. Together, they clarify the analytical issues and lay a strong foundation for future research and interdisciplinary collaboration.
Catherine Robson
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691119366
- eISBN:
- 9781400845156
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691119366.003.0003
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
This chapter focuses on the poem, “Casabianca,” by Felicia Hemans, which presents the spectacle of a child sailor who is blown to pieces because his sense of duty keeps him standing on deck during ...
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This chapter focuses on the poem, “Casabianca,” by Felicia Hemans, which presents the spectacle of a child sailor who is blown to pieces because his sense of duty keeps him standing on deck during the bombardment of his ship. This poem is used as a lens to examine the processes whereby the performance of poetry in Britain's elementary schools forged short-term and long-term bodily relationships between individuals and measured language. Looking, among other things, at the history of corporal punishment within mass education, the chapter considers not only what happened to children, but also to poems with regular rhythms, during the process of enforced recitation. The fragmented survival of “Casabianca” in popular consciousness today, this chapter argues, is the last remaining trace of its pedagogical past, of a time when poetry was experienced in and through the body.Less
This chapter focuses on the poem, “Casabianca,” by Felicia Hemans, which presents the spectacle of a child sailor who is blown to pieces because his sense of duty keeps him standing on deck during the bombardment of his ship. This poem is used as a lens to examine the processes whereby the performance of poetry in Britain's elementary schools forged short-term and long-term bodily relationships between individuals and measured language. Looking, among other things, at the history of corporal punishment within mass education, the chapter considers not only what happened to children, but also to poems with regular rhythms, during the process of enforced recitation. The fragmented survival of “Casabianca” in popular consciousness today, this chapter argues, is the last remaining trace of its pedagogical past, of a time when poetry was experienced in and through the body.
John E. B. Myers
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- April 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195169355
- eISBN:
- 9780199893348
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195169355.003.0007
- Subject:
- Social Work, Children and Families, Crime and Justice
There is no magic wand to wave over child abuse; no quick fix to this tragic reality. Yet, progress is possible, and this chapter describes broad structural changes that will reduce child abuse and ...
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There is no magic wand to wave over child abuse; no quick fix to this tragic reality. Yet, progress is possible, and this chapter describes broad structural changes that will reduce child abuse and neglect. Little progress is possible so long as poverty remains common, and the chapter grapples with this issue. A development that holds promise for reducing maltreatment is home health-visiting for babies and young children, and research on home visiting programs is described. The chapter discusses the importance of rebuilding a sense of community, and proposes the outlawing of corporal punishment. It is argued that a great deal of serious and fatal child abuse results from corporal punishment that gets out of control. Corporal punishment is unnecessary to raise healthy, obedient children, and banning corporal punishment will substantially reduce physical abuse. Thirteen nations have banned corporal punishment, and it is time for America to adopt this enlightened approach.Less
There is no magic wand to wave over child abuse; no quick fix to this tragic reality. Yet, progress is possible, and this chapter describes broad structural changes that will reduce child abuse and neglect. Little progress is possible so long as poverty remains common, and the chapter grapples with this issue. A development that holds promise for reducing maltreatment is home health-visiting for babies and young children, and research on home visiting programs is described. The chapter discusses the importance of rebuilding a sense of community, and proposes the outlawing of corporal punishment. It is argued that a great deal of serious and fatal child abuse results from corporal punishment that gets out of control. Corporal punishment is unnecessary to raise healthy, obedient children, and banning corporal punishment will substantially reduce physical abuse. Thirteen nations have banned corporal punishment, and it is time for America to adopt this enlightened approach.
Rebecca Krawiec
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780195129434
- eISBN:
- 9780199834396
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195129431.003.0003
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion in the Ancient World
Lays out the narratives and explores the issues of various periods of crisis that prompted Shenoute's letters to the female monks. The issue themselves are wide ranging: Shenoute's exercise of power ...
More
Lays out the narratives and explores the issues of various periods of crisis that prompted Shenoute's letters to the female monks. The issue themselves are wide ranging: Shenoute's exercise of power over the female community; his insistence on the gender separation of the male and female monks, including forbidding visits among relatives even as Shenoute himself visited the female community; incidents of female homoeroticism; a debate over what constituted proper monastic duties and proper corporal punishment; gossip; disputes over the quality of clothing the women were producing for male monks, including Shenoute's; and complaints about the excessive nature of Shenoute's leadership. All these topics, even in their diversity and their focus on conflict, provided Shenoute with the opportunity to teach all the monks, male and female, how to lead a salvific life in the monastery.Less
Lays out the narratives and explores the issues of various periods of crisis that prompted Shenoute's letters to the female monks. The issue themselves are wide ranging: Shenoute's exercise of power over the female community; his insistence on the gender separation of the male and female monks, including forbidding visits among relatives even as Shenoute himself visited the female community; incidents of female homoeroticism; a debate over what constituted proper monastic duties and proper corporal punishment; gossip; disputes over the quality of clothing the women were producing for male monks, including Shenoute's; and complaints about the excessive nature of Shenoute's leadership. All these topics, even in their diversity and their focus on conflict, provided Shenoute with the opportunity to teach all the monks, male and female, how to lead a salvific life in the monastery.
REX AHDAR and IAN LEIGH
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199253623
- eISBN:
- 9780191719769
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199253623.003.0008
- Subject:
- Law, Human Rights and Immigration
This chapter examines religious freedom issues that concern the family and parents. There can be no doubt that religiously devout parents are vitally interested in the successful transmission of ...
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This chapter examines religious freedom issues that concern the family and parents. There can be no doubt that religiously devout parents are vitally interested in the successful transmission of their faith to their offspring. This is one of the prime incidents of religious liberty. The current law governing family autonomy and the religious upbringing of children is outlined, and liberal and religious conceptions of the family and childrearing are compared. The chapter looks at three controversial topics: whether a maturing child has an independent right of religious liberty, the scope of religious childrearing in the fractured family, and whether devout parents have any special religious claim to administer corporal punishment to their children amidst the growing international call for the abolition of the parental right of reasonable chastisement.Less
This chapter examines religious freedom issues that concern the family and parents. There can be no doubt that religiously devout parents are vitally interested in the successful transmission of their faith to their offspring. This is one of the prime incidents of religious liberty. The current law governing family autonomy and the religious upbringing of children is outlined, and liberal and religious conceptions of the family and childrearing are compared. The chapter looks at three controversial topics: whether a maturing child has an independent right of religious liberty, the scope of religious childrearing in the fractured family, and whether devout parents have any special religious claim to administer corporal punishment to their children amidst the growing international call for the abolition of the parental right of reasonable chastisement.
Rebecca Krawiec
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780195129434
- eISBN:
- 9780199834396
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195129431.003.0009
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion in the Ancient World
Biological kin, who were defined with precise language as “those according to the flesh,” lived in the monastery alongside those monks who had renounced their families to join the monastery. These ...
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Biological kin, who were defined with precise language as “those according to the flesh,” lived in the monastery alongside those monks who had renounced their families to join the monastery. These monks faced particular challenges since they experienced enforced gender separation from spouses and relatives, witnessed the corporal punishment of relatives, and even saw relatives expelled from the monastery. Overall, the monks with kin were expected to live as though they had also renounced each other so that all monks had the same “kinship” with each other and so shared the same salvation. Despite these expectations, Shenoute found a way to have male and female monks visit each other without violating his own commands: male relatives often served as envoys carrying these very letters from Shenoute to the female community. Finally, the experiences of one female monk, Tachom, shows the intersection of the three patterns that determined a monk's life: power, gender, and family.Less
Biological kin, who were defined with precise language as “those according to the flesh,” lived in the monastery alongside those monks who had renounced their families to join the monastery. These monks faced particular challenges since they experienced enforced gender separation from spouses and relatives, witnessed the corporal punishment of relatives, and even saw relatives expelled from the monastery. Overall, the monks with kin were expected to live as though they had also renounced each other so that all monks had the same “kinship” with each other and so shared the same salvation. Despite these expectations, Shenoute found a way to have male and female monks visit each other without violating his own commands: male relatives often served as envoys carrying these very letters from Shenoute to the female community. Finally, the experiences of one female monk, Tachom, shows the intersection of the three patterns that determined a monk's life: power, gender, and family.
Matthew S. Seligmann
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- July 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780198759973
- eISBN:
- 9780191820489
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198759973.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History, Military History
Although the flogging of adult sailors had been suspended in the Royal Navy in 1881, at the outset of the twentieth century boy sailors could still be caned or birched for infractions of naval ...
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Although the flogging of adult sailors had been suspended in the Royal Navy in 1881, at the outset of the twentieth century boy sailors could still be caned or birched for infractions of naval discipline. Many naval officers regarded such physical chastisement as the only appropriate and effective punishment for the youths in their charge, but there were many important opinion formers and campaigners outside the Navy who regarded corporal punishment as a relic from a more barbaric age and sought its total abolition in the senior service. Pressure was particularly strong in Parliament on this point. Sensitive to this pressure, Winston Churchill set up a committee to examine the whole system of naval discipline and, under cover of its report, sought to limit the regime of corporal punishment in the Navy.Less
Although the flogging of adult sailors had been suspended in the Royal Navy in 1881, at the outset of the twentieth century boy sailors could still be caned or birched for infractions of naval discipline. Many naval officers regarded such physical chastisement as the only appropriate and effective punishment for the youths in their charge, but there were many important opinion formers and campaigners outside the Navy who regarded corporal punishment as a relic from a more barbaric age and sought its total abolition in the senior service. Pressure was particularly strong in Parliament on this point. Sensitive to this pressure, Winston Churchill set up a committee to examine the whole system of naval discipline and, under cover of its report, sought to limit the regime of corporal punishment in the Navy.
Magdalena Forowicz
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199592678
- eISBN:
- 9780191595646
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199592678.003.0004
- Subject:
- Law, Human Rights and Immigration
This chapter discusses the reception of the Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction, the Hague Convention on Intercountry Adoption, the United Nations Convention on the ...
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This chapter discusses the reception of the Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction, the Hague Convention on Intercountry Adoption, the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, and International Labour Convention No. 29 concerning Forced or Compulsory Labour in the case law of the Strasbourg bodies. The receptiveness of to international child rights law in the Strasbourg case law was impressive. The ECHR contains few specific references to child rights, and its general provisions needed to be adapted in order to meet the changing international standards. While Contracting States have an important margin of appreciation in family law and juvenile justice, this did not prevent the Court from referring and applying international child rights law. A different trend is apparent, however, in relation the sexual abuse and forced labour of children, where the Court relied on older or less specific international instruments.Less
This chapter discusses the reception of the Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction, the Hague Convention on Intercountry Adoption, the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, and International Labour Convention No. 29 concerning Forced or Compulsory Labour in the case law of the Strasbourg bodies. The receptiveness of to international child rights law in the Strasbourg case law was impressive. The ECHR contains few specific references to child rights, and its general provisions needed to be adapted in order to meet the changing international standards. While Contracting States have an important margin of appreciation in family law and juvenile justice, this did not prevent the Court from referring and applying international child rights law. A different trend is apparent, however, in relation the sexual abuse and forced labour of children, where the Court relied on older or less specific international instruments.
Michael Donnelly
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- October 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780300085471
- eISBN:
- 9780300133806
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300085471.003.0004
- Subject:
- Law, Family Law
This chapter discusses the history of the family and the history of childhood as its complement and offshoot. Both have been studied in detail before, and as such, there is an abundance of ...
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This chapter discusses the history of the family and the history of childhood as its complement and offshoot. Both have been studied in detail before, and as such, there is an abundance of documentation and new interpretations about family life in the distant and recent past. Few of these studies have focused intensively on corporal punishment of children by parents, but many broach the subject. In fact, discipline and punishment often figure as key themes in historical accounts of the family, since punishment is typically assumed to be a central and enduring means of child rearing. How parents punish children, moreover, is frequently taken as a way to indicate, symptomatically, something of the subjective tenor of family life.Less
This chapter discusses the history of the family and the history of childhood as its complement and offshoot. Both have been studied in detail before, and as such, there is an abundance of documentation and new interpretations about family life in the distant and recent past. Few of these studies have focused intensively on corporal punishment of children by parents, but many broach the subject. In fact, discipline and punishment often figure as key themes in historical accounts of the family, since punishment is typically assumed to be a central and enduring means of child rearing. How parents punish children, moreover, is frequently taken as a way to indicate, symptomatically, something of the subjective tenor of family life.
James D. Schmidt
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- March 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781479894147
- eISBN:
- 9781479804078
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9781479894147.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
This chapter examines the issue of corporal punishment in schools and how it was challenged by both children and parents in the courts during the nineteenth century. Focusing on court cases pitting ...
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This chapter examines the issue of corporal punishment in schools and how it was challenged by both children and parents in the courts during the nineteenth century. Focusing on court cases pitting and their families vs. schools and school teachers, it considers questions about school authority and how these clashes shaped daily expressions of power in the modern school system. It also suggests that these litigations reveal conflicts embedded not only in class and gender but also in contested notions of the role of education in a democratic society. Finally, it explains how student and parent resistance to corporal punishment led to increasing reliance on suspensions and expulsions as means of school governance by the early twentieth century.Less
This chapter examines the issue of corporal punishment in schools and how it was challenged by both children and parents in the courts during the nineteenth century. Focusing on court cases pitting and their families vs. schools and school teachers, it considers questions about school authority and how these clashes shaped daily expressions of power in the modern school system. It also suggests that these litigations reveal conflicts embedded not only in class and gender but also in contested notions of the role of education in a democratic society. Finally, it explains how student and parent resistance to corporal punishment led to increasing reliance on suspensions and expulsions as means of school governance by the early twentieth century.
