Scott Smith-Bannister
- Published in print:
- 1997
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198206637
- eISBN:
- 9780191677250
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198206637.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History, Social History
This book contains the results of the first large-scale quantitative investigation of naming practices in early modern England. It traces the history of the fundamentally ...
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This book contains the results of the first large-scale quantitative investigation of naming practices in early modern England. It traces the history of the fundamentally significant human act of naming one's children during a period of great economic, social, and religious upheaval. Using in part the huge pool of names accumulated by the Cambridge Group for the History of Population and Social Structure, the book sets out to show which names were most commonly used, how children came to be given these names, why they were named after godparents, parents, siblings, or saints, and how social status affected naming patterns. The chief historical significance of this research lies in the discovery of a substantial shift in naming practices in this period: away from medieval patterns of naming a child after a godparent and towards naming them after a parent. In establishing the chronology of how parents came to exercise greater choice in naming their children and over the nature of naming practices, it successfully supersedes previous scholarship on this subject. Resolutely statistical and rich in anecdote, this exploration of this deeply revealing subject will have far-reaching implications for the history of the English family and culture.Less
This book contains the results of the first large-scale quantitative investigation of naming practices in early modern England. It traces the history of the fundamentally significant human act of naming one's children during a period of great economic, social, and religious upheaval. Using in part the huge pool of names accumulated by the Cambridge Group for the History of Population and Social Structure, the book sets out to show which names were most commonly used, how children came to be given these names, why they were named after godparents, parents, siblings, or saints, and how social status affected naming patterns. The chief historical significance of this research lies in the discovery of a substantial shift in naming practices in this period: away from medieval patterns of naming a child after a godparent and towards naming them after a parent. In establishing the chronology of how parents came to exercise greater choice in naming their children and over the nature of naming practices, it successfully supersedes previous scholarship on this subject. Resolutely statistical and rich in anecdote, this exploration of this deeply revealing subject will have far-reaching implications for the history of the English family and culture.
Doron Ben-Atar
- Published in print:
- 1999
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198205661
- eISBN:
- 9780191676741
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198205661.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, World Modern History, British and Irish Modern History
This chapter explores the last thirty years of revolutionary historiography. The vast literature on the subject can be divided into three approaches: first, the Atlantic interpretations, by which is ...
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This chapter explores the last thirty years of revolutionary historiography. The vast literature on the subject can be divided into three approaches: first, the Atlantic interpretations, by which is meant studies of the ‘big picture’ — the internal and external workings of the British Empire: secondly, the New Social History and its efforts to locate the origins of the American Revolution in colonial structures and processes; thirdly, the heated historiographical debate over the ideological interpretation which emphasizes the role of the republican tradition. Categorizing historians under one approach or another is a matter of emphasis. Most of the historians described consider the Revolution's imperialism, and its socio-economic and ideological contexts. Scholars such as Jack P. Greene, Edmund S. Morgan, and Bernard Bailyn have made significant contributions to all three approaches. This chapter challenges exclusive monocausal interpretations of the Revolution, and suggests that the event is best explained by effective integration of all three approaches. These approaches of modern historiography seek to explain how and why seemingly manageable political and constitutional disagreements between the colonists and the British government shattered the Empire.Less
This chapter explores the last thirty years of revolutionary historiography. The vast literature on the subject can be divided into three approaches: first, the Atlantic interpretations, by which is meant studies of the ‘big picture’ — the internal and external workings of the British Empire: secondly, the New Social History and its efforts to locate the origins of the American Revolution in colonial structures and processes; thirdly, the heated historiographical debate over the ideological interpretation which emphasizes the role of the republican tradition. Categorizing historians under one approach or another is a matter of emphasis. Most of the historians described consider the Revolution's imperialism, and its socio-economic and ideological contexts. Scholars such as Jack P. Greene, Edmund S. Morgan, and Bernard Bailyn have made significant contributions to all three approaches. This chapter challenges exclusive monocausal interpretations of the Revolution, and suggests that the event is best explained by effective integration of all three approaches. These approaches of modern historiography seek to explain how and why seemingly manageable political and constitutional disagreements between the colonists and the British government shattered the Empire.
Ann Burack-Weiss
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780231151849
- eISBN:
- 9780231525336
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231151849.003.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Gerontology and Ageing
The introduction tells of the author's development as a gerontological social worker and educator.
The introduction tells of the author's development as a gerontological social worker and educator.
Judy Malloy
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780262034654
- eISBN:
- 9780262336871
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262034654.003.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Technology and Society
In the formative years of the Internet, researchers collaboratively connected computing systems with a goal of sharing research and computing resources. The model process with which they created the ...
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In the formative years of the Internet, researchers collaboratively connected computing systems with a goal of sharing research and computing resources. The model process with which they created the Internet and its forefather, the ARPANET, was echoed in early social media platforms, where creative computer scientists, artists, writers, musicians educators explored the promise of computer-based platforms to bring together communities of interest in what would be called “cyberspace.” With a focus on the arts and humanities, this introduction traces the development of social media affordances in applications such as email, mailing lists, BBSs, the Community Memory, PLATO, Usenet, mail art, telematic art, and video communication. The author outlines the early social media platforms documented in each chapter in this book and summarizes how the book's epilogues both explore differences between early and contemporary social media and look to the future of the arts in social media.Less
In the formative years of the Internet, researchers collaboratively connected computing systems with a goal of sharing research and computing resources. The model process with which they created the Internet and its forefather, the ARPANET, was echoed in early social media platforms, where creative computer scientists, artists, writers, musicians educators explored the promise of computer-based platforms to bring together communities of interest in what would be called “cyberspace.” With a focus on the arts and humanities, this introduction traces the development of social media affordances in applications such as email, mailing lists, BBSs, the Community Memory, PLATO, Usenet, mail art, telematic art, and video communication. The author outlines the early social media platforms documented in each chapter in this book and summarizes how the book's epilogues both explore differences between early and contemporary social media and look to the future of the arts in social media.
Terri Blom Crocker
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780813166155
- eISBN:
- 9780813166650
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Kentucky
- DOI:
- 10.5810/kentucky/9780813166155.003.0009
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History
By 1970 the orthodox narrative of the “senseless” First World War was so firmly entrenched that it permeated all works on the subject during this time, which consistently maintained that the ...
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By 1970 the orthodox narrative of the “senseless” First World War was so firmly entrenched that it permeated all works on the subject during this time, which consistently maintained that the Christmas truce proved that the British soldiers who served on the Western Front would have preferred to make peace with the Germans rather than fight them. Veterans of the war who were interviewed after 1970 increasingly subscribed to these myths of the truce, proving the dominance of the war’s conventional narrative for even those who had participated in the event, and demonstrating the new emphasis on social history, wherein the words of participants are used to prove a narrative. This chapter ends with the ultimate manifestation of the First World War in popular culture, the television series Blackadder Goes Forth, which featured the truce in its final episode.Less
By 1970 the orthodox narrative of the “senseless” First World War was so firmly entrenched that it permeated all works on the subject during this time, which consistently maintained that the Christmas truce proved that the British soldiers who served on the Western Front would have preferred to make peace with the Germans rather than fight them. Veterans of the war who were interviewed after 1970 increasingly subscribed to these myths of the truce, proving the dominance of the war’s conventional narrative for even those who had participated in the event, and demonstrating the new emphasis on social history, wherein the words of participants are used to prove a narrative. This chapter ends with the ultimate manifestation of the First World War in popular culture, the television series Blackadder Goes Forth, which featured the truce in its final episode.
Johnathan Andrew Farris
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9789888208876
- eISBN:
- 9789888313679
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Hong Kong University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5790/hongkong/9789888208876.001.0001
- Subject:
- Architecture, Architectural History
Cross-cultural relations are spatial relations. Enclave to Urbanity is the first book in English that examines how the architecture and the urban landscape of Guangzhou framed the relations between ...
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Cross-cultural relations are spatial relations. Enclave to Urbanity is the first book in English that examines how the architecture and the urban landscape of Guangzhou framed the relations between the Western mercantile and missionary communities and the city’s predominantly Chinese population. The book takes readers through three phases: the Thirteen Factories era from the eighteenth century to the 1850s; the Shamian enclave up to the early twentieth century; and the adoption of Western building techniques throughout the city as its architecture modernized in the early Republic. The discussion of architecture goes beyond stylistic trends to embrace the history of shared and disputed spaces, using a broadly chronological approach that combines social history with architectural and spatial analysis. With nearly a hundred carefully chosen images, this book illustrates how the foreign architectural footprints of the past form the modern Guangzhou.Less
Cross-cultural relations are spatial relations. Enclave to Urbanity is the first book in English that examines how the architecture and the urban landscape of Guangzhou framed the relations between the Western mercantile and missionary communities and the city’s predominantly Chinese population. The book takes readers through three phases: the Thirteen Factories era from the eighteenth century to the 1850s; the Shamian enclave up to the early twentieth century; and the adoption of Western building techniques throughout the city as its architecture modernized in the early Republic. The discussion of architecture goes beyond stylistic trends to embrace the history of shared and disputed spaces, using a broadly chronological approach that combines social history with architectural and spatial analysis. With nearly a hundred carefully chosen images, this book illustrates how the foreign architectural footprints of the past form the modern Guangzhou.
Scott Smith-Bannister
- Published in print:
- 1997
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198206637
- eISBN:
- 9780191677250
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198206637.003.0003
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History, Social History
This chapter examines the relationship between naming and the family in England between 1538 and 1700. It is based on family reconstitution data ...
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This chapter examines the relationship between naming and the family in England between 1538 and 1700. It is based on family reconstitution data for sixteen English parishes compiled by associates of the Cambridge Group for the History of Population and Social Structure. It considers the trends in the proportion of children named after their grandparents. It also seeks to end the controversy over the naming of children after elder siblings by providing conclusive evidence on this naming practice. Three important conclusions emerge. Firstly, there was a clear and progressive rise in the proportion of children named after a parent. Secondly, despite the proportionately larger rise in mother-daughter name-sharing, a substantially larger proportion of boys were named after their father than daughters after their mother. Thirdly, we can discern and date the start of a positive shift towards naming progressively more children after their parents. There were definite rises in the proportion of children named after a parent, regardless of the child's position in the family's birth-order.Less
This chapter examines the relationship between naming and the family in England between 1538 and 1700. It is based on family reconstitution data for sixteen English parishes compiled by associates of the Cambridge Group for the History of Population and Social Structure. It considers the trends in the proportion of children named after their grandparents. It also seeks to end the controversy over the naming of children after elder siblings by providing conclusive evidence on this naming practice. Three important conclusions emerge. Firstly, there was a clear and progressive rise in the proportion of children named after a parent. Secondly, despite the proportionately larger rise in mother-daughter name-sharing, a substantially larger proportion of boys were named after their father than daughters after their mother. Thirdly, we can discern and date the start of a positive shift towards naming progressively more children after their parents. There were definite rises in the proportion of children named after a parent, regardless of the child's position in the family's birth-order.
Alan Kidd and Melanie Tebbutt
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- September 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780719090356
- eISBN:
- 9781526124081
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719090356.003.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Social Movements and Social Change
The editors introduce the volume and the chapter is in two parts. The first part summarises the themes of the book and the arguments of each of the essays and the second part is an appreciation of ...
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The editors introduce the volume and the chapter is in two parts. The first part summarises the themes of the book and the arguments of each of the essays and the second part is an appreciation of the life and work of the person in his whose honour the essays have been written.Less
The editors introduce the volume and the chapter is in two parts. The first part summarises the themes of the book and the arguments of each of the essays and the second part is an appreciation of the life and work of the person in his whose honour the essays have been written.
Judith Donath
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780262034654
- eISBN:
- 9780262336871
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262034654.003.0029
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Technology and Society
The early days of social media saw tremendous optimism about the transformations that connecting people via networked computers would bring. This chapter, the book’s epilogue, analyses the nostalgia ...
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The early days of social media saw tremendous optimism about the transformations that connecting people via networked computers would bring. This chapter, the book’s epilogue, analyses the nostalgia that permeates the preceding chapters, in which the pioneers of the field write with nostalgia for creative freedom, the pre-commercial internet and the hopeful time when people believed that computing would change humanity for the better. The world of dial-up modems and floppy disks and ASCII bulletin board systems seems very long ago. But the ideals of that time, in spite of their naiveté, indeed because of it, are very valuable. Untainted by cynicism or corrupted by practicalities, they remind us of what the social net ought to be; they remind of the direction to head in, even if we will not quite get there. By inculcating ideals into mythic origin stories, nostalgia weaves them into a culture: we create the past that we want to live up to.Less
The early days of social media saw tremendous optimism about the transformations that connecting people via networked computers would bring. This chapter, the book’s epilogue, analyses the nostalgia that permeates the preceding chapters, in which the pioneers of the field write with nostalgia for creative freedom, the pre-commercial internet and the hopeful time when people believed that computing would change humanity for the better. The world of dial-up modems and floppy disks and ASCII bulletin board systems seems very long ago. But the ideals of that time, in spite of their naiveté, indeed because of it, are very valuable. Untainted by cynicism or corrupted by practicalities, they remind us of what the social net ought to be; they remind of the direction to head in, even if we will not quite get there. By inculcating ideals into mythic origin stories, nostalgia weaves them into a culture: we create the past that we want to live up to.
Martin Johnes
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780719086663
- eISBN:
- 9781781705988
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719086663.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History
This book is the first overview of Wales in the period from the Second World War to the early years of devolution. Drawing upon in-depth research, it offers an incisive account of an important phase ...
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This book is the first overview of Wales in the period from the Second World War to the early years of devolution. Drawing upon in-depth research, it offers an incisive account of an important phase in British history from the perspective of a nation that is too often overlooked, including topics ranging from the Aberfan disaster, the miners’ strikes and the flooding of Tryweryn to the impact of consumerism, rugby and popular music. The period since 1939 saw more rapid and significant change than any other time in Welsh history. Wales developed a more assertive identity of its own and some of the apparatus of a nation state. Yet its economy floundered between boom and bust, its traditional communities were transformed and the Welsh language and other aspects of its distinctiveness were undermined by a globalizing world. Wales was also deeply divided by class, language, ethnicity, gender, religion and region. Its people grew wealthier, healthier and more educated but they were not always happier. This ground-breaking book examines the story of Wales since 1939, giving voice to ordinary people, incorporating the things that mattered in their everyday lives, and the variety of experiences within the nation. This is thus a history not just of a nation, but of its residents’ hopes and fears, their struggles and pleasures and their views of where they lived and the wider world.Less
This book is the first overview of Wales in the period from the Second World War to the early years of devolution. Drawing upon in-depth research, it offers an incisive account of an important phase in British history from the perspective of a nation that is too often overlooked, including topics ranging from the Aberfan disaster, the miners’ strikes and the flooding of Tryweryn to the impact of consumerism, rugby and popular music. The period since 1939 saw more rapid and significant change than any other time in Welsh history. Wales developed a more assertive identity of its own and some of the apparatus of a nation state. Yet its economy floundered between boom and bust, its traditional communities were transformed and the Welsh language and other aspects of its distinctiveness were undermined by a globalizing world. Wales was also deeply divided by class, language, ethnicity, gender, religion and region. Its people grew wealthier, healthier and more educated but they were not always happier. This ground-breaking book examines the story of Wales since 1939, giving voice to ordinary people, incorporating the things that mattered in their everyday lives, and the variety of experiences within the nation. This is thus a history not just of a nation, but of its residents’ hopes and fears, their struggles and pleasures and their views of where they lived and the wider world.
Rachelle Saltzman
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780719079771
- eISBN:
- 9781781704080
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719079771.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Social History
A lark for the sake of their country tells the tale of the upper and middle-class ‘volunteers’ in Great Britain's 1926 General Strike. With behaviour derived from their play traditions – the larks, ...
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A lark for the sake of their country tells the tale of the upper and middle-class ‘volunteers’ in Great Britain's 1926 General Strike. With behaviour derived from their play traditions – the larks, rags, fancy dress parties, and treasure hunts that prevailed at universities and country houses – the volunteers transformed a potential workers’ revolution into a festive public performance of Englishness. This book recreates the cultural context for the volunteers’ actions to explore how volunteers, strikers, and the Government used the strike to define national identity; it also considers how scholars, novelists, playwrights, diarists, museum curators, local examine historians, and even a theme restaurant have continued to recycle the event.Despite scores of books about the strike, there is no other full-length study of the volunteers. Using the methodology and theory of folklore, social anthropology, literary criticism, and social history, this work presents a cultural ethnography of one of modern British history's most significant events. From 1985’87, the author conducted correspondence and oral history interviews with nearly 300 volunteers, strikers, and contemporary observers. Those materials, combined with archival documents and a survey of contemporary media, novels, diaries, plays, memoirs, histories, and exhibitions, provided the basis for exploring the traditional expressive culture of the British upper classes.This study will appeal to aficianodos of British social and cultural history, folklore, and popular culture as well as to undergraduate and graduate classes in British studies, modern labour history, and social anthropology as well as those on collective memory, history making and identity.Less
A lark for the sake of their country tells the tale of the upper and middle-class ‘volunteers’ in Great Britain's 1926 General Strike. With behaviour derived from their play traditions – the larks, rags, fancy dress parties, and treasure hunts that prevailed at universities and country houses – the volunteers transformed a potential workers’ revolution into a festive public performance of Englishness. This book recreates the cultural context for the volunteers’ actions to explore how volunteers, strikers, and the Government used the strike to define national identity; it also considers how scholars, novelists, playwrights, diarists, museum curators, local examine historians, and even a theme restaurant have continued to recycle the event.Despite scores of books about the strike, there is no other full-length study of the volunteers. Using the methodology and theory of folklore, social anthropology, literary criticism, and social history, this work presents a cultural ethnography of one of modern British history's most significant events. From 1985’87, the author conducted correspondence and oral history interviews with nearly 300 volunteers, strikers, and contemporary observers. Those materials, combined with archival documents and a survey of contemporary media, novels, diaries, plays, memoirs, histories, and exhibitions, provided the basis for exploring the traditional expressive culture of the British upper classes.This study will appeal to aficianodos of British social and cultural history, folklore, and popular culture as well as to undergraduate and graduate classes in British studies, modern labour history, and social anthropology as well as those on collective memory, history making and identity.
Julianne Nyhan
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780262034654
- eISBN:
- 9780262336871
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262034654.003.0014
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Technology and Society
Humanist is an online, international seminar on digital humanities that was set up in 1987 by Willard McCarty. Since its inception, it has taken the form of an electronic mailing list and, within the ...
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Humanist is an online, international seminar on digital humanities that was set up in 1987 by Willard McCarty. Since its inception, it has taken the form of an electronic mailing list and, within the context of the history of computing in the humanities, can be viewed as a proto-social media platform. Newer and slicker social media and crowd-driven platforms may have come (and, in some cases, gone) but Humanist has endured. Indeed, it arguably remains digital humanities’ most vital locus of questioning, imagining and reflecting on and about itself and its many interdisciplinary intersections. In this paper, the author discusses conversations conducted via Humanist in its inaugural year in order to identify and analyze references to disciplinary identity. After focusing on the contradictions that emerge, she reflects on what they might reveal about longer-term dynamics of Digital Humanities’ disciplinary formation and emphasizes the value of Humanist archives in such research.Less
Humanist is an online, international seminar on digital humanities that was set up in 1987 by Willard McCarty. Since its inception, it has taken the form of an electronic mailing list and, within the context of the history of computing in the humanities, can be viewed as a proto-social media platform. Newer and slicker social media and crowd-driven platforms may have come (and, in some cases, gone) but Humanist has endured. Indeed, it arguably remains digital humanities’ most vital locus of questioning, imagining and reflecting on and about itself and its many interdisciplinary intersections. In this paper, the author discusses conversations conducted via Humanist in its inaugural year in order to identify and analyze references to disciplinary identity. After focusing on the contradictions that emerge, she reflects on what they might reveal about longer-term dynamics of Digital Humanities’ disciplinary formation and emphasizes the value of Humanist archives in such research.
Leslie Woodcock Tentler
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781469625294
- eISBN:
- 9781469625317
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469625294.003.0003
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
This essay views the reception of the Council against the background of the transformation of the American Catholic landscape in the late 1950s and 1960s, when upward mobility and suburbanization ...
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This essay views the reception of the Council against the background of the transformation of the American Catholic landscape in the late 1950s and 1960s, when upward mobility and suburbanization contributed to the final collapse of the American Catholic subculture. Largely unrelated to the Council, these developments intersected with responses to the Council in interesting ways. In debates over the use of birth control, divorce and remarriage, and liturgical innovation, laypeople often took things into their own hands. In the city of Detroit, Catholic laity, in their interaction with Archbishop John Francis Dearden (1958-1980), occasionally used the authority of the Council in defending their own views, in particular with regard to the archbishop’s controversial actions in dealing with race related problems in the city in the 1960s.Less
This essay views the reception of the Council against the background of the transformation of the American Catholic landscape in the late 1950s and 1960s, when upward mobility and suburbanization contributed to the final collapse of the American Catholic subculture. Largely unrelated to the Council, these developments intersected with responses to the Council in interesting ways. In debates over the use of birth control, divorce and remarriage, and liturgical innovation, laypeople often took things into their own hands. In the city of Detroit, Catholic laity, in their interaction with Archbishop John Francis Dearden (1958-1980), occasionally used the authority of the Council in defending their own views, in particular with regard to the archbishop’s controversial actions in dealing with race related problems in the city in the 1960s.
Lars U. Scholl
- Published in print:
- 1995
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780969588580
- eISBN:
- 9781786944856
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5949/liverpool/9780969588580.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, Maritime History
This essay constructively examines and analyses research in German Maritime History since 1970. Each analysis is divided into specific topics, with work and research adhering to that topic receiving ...
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This essay constructively examines and analyses research in German Maritime History since 1970. Each analysis is divided into specific topics, with work and research adhering to that topic receiving critical response. Topics include Marine Art and Industrial Archaeology; Inland Navigation; Social History; Fishing and Writing; Ports; Shipbuilding; Shipping Companies; Emigration; Shipping and Trade with Various Regions; and Works of General References and Syntheses.Less
This essay constructively examines and analyses research in German Maritime History since 1970. Each analysis is divided into specific topics, with work and research adhering to that topic receiving critical response. Topics include Marine Art and Industrial Archaeology; Inland Navigation; Social History; Fishing and Writing; Ports; Shipbuilding; Shipping Companies; Emigration; Shipping and Trade with Various Regions; and Works of General References and Syntheses.
Susanne Gerber
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780262034654
- eISBN:
- 9780262336871
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262034654.003.0022
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Technology and Society
In the early Internet, art history crossed the path of media history and both disciplines conveyed characteristics of each other. Net (based) art did not regain the utopian potential of art, but its ...
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In the early Internet, art history crossed the path of media history and both disciplines conveyed characteristics of each other. Net (based) art did not regain the utopian potential of art, but its social, aesthetic and conceptual approach referenced the future role of digital communication. This chapter documents and examines the role of the art network THE THING in early digital communication and art practice and how it anticipated the future potential to communicate, distribute, and produce. Including the theory and practice that informed the founding of THE THING, as well as an interview with THE THING founder, Wolfgang Staehle, and a concluding timeline of THE THING's history, this chapter also emphasizes how THE THING was both playful and far ahead of its time.Less
In the early Internet, art history crossed the path of media history and both disciplines conveyed characteristics of each other. Net (based) art did not regain the utopian potential of art, but its social, aesthetic and conceptual approach referenced the future role of digital communication. This chapter documents and examines the role of the art network THE THING in early digital communication and art practice and how it anticipated the future potential to communicate, distribute, and produce. Including the theory and practice that informed the founding of THE THING, as well as an interview with THE THING founder, Wolfgang Staehle, and a concluding timeline of THE THING's history, this chapter also emphasizes how THE THING was both playful and far ahead of its time.
Holly M. Karibo
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781469625201
- eISBN:
- 9781469625225
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469625201.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, American History: 19th Century
This chapter outlines the key arguments made in the book, setting them within the context of the historiography on borderlands, vice, moral regulation, and the postwar period. The chapter also ...
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This chapter outlines the key arguments made in the book, setting them within the context of the historiography on borderlands, vice, moral regulation, and the postwar period. The chapter also outlines the methodological approach taken within the book, which includes blending social and cultural history.Less
This chapter outlines the key arguments made in the book, setting them within the context of the historiography on borderlands, vice, moral regulation, and the postwar period. The chapter also outlines the methodological approach taken within the book, which includes blending social and cultural history.
Ian Miller
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- September 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780719088865
- eISBN:
- 9781781706909
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719088865.003.0008
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History
Who ought to assume responsibility for feeding the young? Were mothers who failed to do so neglectful individuals or simply lacking in dietetic and nutritional knowledge? And what role should the ...
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Who ought to assume responsibility for feeding the young? Were mothers who failed to do so neglectful individuals or simply lacking in dietetic and nutritional knowledge? And what role should the state adopt in relation to infant and child welfare? Questions such as these were pivotal to a prominent turn-of-the-century Irish food discourse and raised concerns that were simultaneously personal, biological and socio-political. Furthermore, they formed the basis of a new array of improving strategies designed to improve the health of the young. This chapter explores the ideas and work of two voluntary groups: the Women's National Health Association and the Ladies School Dinners Committee. Although these groups held contrasting political agendas, they united around the precept that feeding the young was a matter of national importance and strove, in different ways, to increase state intervention. Nonetheless, the quest to enact nutritional improvement ultimately remained confined to voluntary schemes rather than state action. This allowed nationalist opponents to British rule to ask whether imperial governance was in fact helping to determine the conditions that had caused Irish national decline rather than helping to remove them.Less
Who ought to assume responsibility for feeding the young? Were mothers who failed to do so neglectful individuals or simply lacking in dietetic and nutritional knowledge? And what role should the state adopt in relation to infant and child welfare? Questions such as these were pivotal to a prominent turn-of-the-century Irish food discourse and raised concerns that were simultaneously personal, biological and socio-political. Furthermore, they formed the basis of a new array of improving strategies designed to improve the health of the young. This chapter explores the ideas and work of two voluntary groups: the Women's National Health Association and the Ladies School Dinners Committee. Although these groups held contrasting political agendas, they united around the precept that feeding the young was a matter of national importance and strove, in different ways, to increase state intervention. Nonetheless, the quest to enact nutritional improvement ultimately remained confined to voluntary schemes rather than state action. This allowed nationalist opponents to British rule to ask whether imperial governance was in fact helping to determine the conditions that had caused Irish national decline rather than helping to remove them.
Heather Norris Nicholson
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780719077739
- eISBN:
- 9781781704547
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719077739.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Cultural History
Amateur film: Meaning and practice 1927–77 traces the development of non-professional interests in making and showing film. It explores how amateur cinematography gained a following among the ...
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Amateur film: Meaning and practice 1927–77 traces the development of non-professional interests in making and showing film. It explores how amateur cinematography gained a following among the wealthy, following the launch of lightweight portable cine equipment by Kodak and Pathé in Britain during the early 1920s. As social access to the new hobby widened, enthusiasts began to use cine equipment at home, work, on holiday and elsewhere. Some amateurs made films only for themselves while others became cine club members, contributors to the hobby literature and participated in film competitions from local to international level. The stories of individual filmmakers, clubs and the emergence of an independent hobby press, as well as the non-fiction films made by groups and individuals, provide a unique lens through which contemporary responses to daily experience may be understood over fifty years of profound social, cultural and economic change. Using regional film archive collections, oral testimony and textual sources, this book explores aspects of family life, working experience, locality and social issues, leisure time and overseas travel as captured by filmmakers from northern and northwest England. This study of visual memory, identity and status sets cine camera use within a wider trajectory of personal record making, and discusses the implications of footage moving from private to public spaces as digitisation widens access and transforms contemporary archive practice.Less
Amateur film: Meaning and practice 1927–77 traces the development of non-professional interests in making and showing film. It explores how amateur cinematography gained a following among the wealthy, following the launch of lightweight portable cine equipment by Kodak and Pathé in Britain during the early 1920s. As social access to the new hobby widened, enthusiasts began to use cine equipment at home, work, on holiday and elsewhere. Some amateurs made films only for themselves while others became cine club members, contributors to the hobby literature and participated in film competitions from local to international level. The stories of individual filmmakers, clubs and the emergence of an independent hobby press, as well as the non-fiction films made by groups and individuals, provide a unique lens through which contemporary responses to daily experience may be understood over fifty years of profound social, cultural and economic change. Using regional film archive collections, oral testimony and textual sources, this book explores aspects of family life, working experience, locality and social issues, leisure time and overseas travel as captured by filmmakers from northern and northwest England. This study of visual memory, identity and status sets cine camera use within a wider trajectory of personal record making, and discusses the implications of footage moving from private to public spaces as digitisation widens access and transforms contemporary archive practice.
Lee Felsenstein
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780262034654
- eISBN:
- 9780262336871
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262034654.003.0004
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Technology and Society
Community Memory was the first public-access social media system, opening without advance notice on August 8, 1973 in Berkeley, California. Designed and programmed by members of a nonprofit company ...
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Community Memory was the first public-access social media system, opening without advance notice on August 8, 1973 in Berkeley, California. Designed and programmed by members of a nonprofit company established to bring the power of computers to the counterculture, it ran on a mainframe computer and was well received by those who tried it. This chapter discusses the history of the project, contributions of some of its members, and ways in which it succeeded and ultimately failed to sustain itself. Pre-dating the personal computer, it was designed to provide terminals that nucleated neighborhood information-exchange points. Community Memory spun out from its parent organization, Resource One, Inc. to form its own nonprofit -- The Community Memory Project -- in 1977. The design underwent three generations, culminating in a network of text-based browsers running on basic IBM PCs accessing a Unix server. It was never connected to the Internet, and closed in 1992.Less
Community Memory was the first public-access social media system, opening without advance notice on August 8, 1973 in Berkeley, California. Designed and programmed by members of a nonprofit company established to bring the power of computers to the counterculture, it ran on a mainframe computer and was well received by those who tried it. This chapter discusses the history of the project, contributions of some of its members, and ways in which it succeeded and ultimately failed to sustain itself. Pre-dating the personal computer, it was designed to provide terminals that nucleated neighborhood information-exchange points. Community Memory spun out from its parent organization, Resource One, Inc. to form its own nonprofit -- The Community Memory Project -- in 1977. The design underwent three generations, culminating in a network of text-based browsers running on basic IBM PCs accessing a Unix server. It was never connected to the Internet, and closed in 1992.
Antoinette LaFarge
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780262034654
- eISBN:
- 9780262336871
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262034654.003.0026
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Technology and Society
The history of social media has been marked by arguments over two central issues: markers of identity and degrees of participation. The battle over identity has largely focused on the legitimacy of ...
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The history of social media has been marked by arguments over two central issues: markers of identity and degrees of participation. The battle over identity has largely focused on the legitimacy of experimenting with personal and social identity through pseudonymous ‘avatars’. The argument over agency has centered on whether participants should be tightly corralled or given full programming power to change the structures of social media itself. These issues are linked through widespread distrust of pseudonymous agency and the suspicion -- fueled by recent controversies over ‘trolling’ -- that people will tend to participate disruptively, and that such disruptions are necessarily problematic. In this chapter, the author argues for a different view, suggesting that artists have led the way in demonstrating the creative potential of pseudonymous agency in social media. Among the fruits of deep participation in social media are new ways of telling stories, understanding identity itself, and engaging with improvisation as a central rather than peripheral creative activity.Less
The history of social media has been marked by arguments over two central issues: markers of identity and degrees of participation. The battle over identity has largely focused on the legitimacy of experimenting with personal and social identity through pseudonymous ‘avatars’. The argument over agency has centered on whether participants should be tightly corralled or given full programming power to change the structures of social media itself. These issues are linked through widespread distrust of pseudonymous agency and the suspicion -- fueled by recent controversies over ‘trolling’ -- that people will tend to participate disruptively, and that such disruptions are necessarily problematic. In this chapter, the author argues for a different view, suggesting that artists have led the way in demonstrating the creative potential of pseudonymous agency in social media. Among the fruits of deep participation in social media are new ways of telling stories, understanding identity itself, and engaging with improvisation as a central rather than peripheral creative activity.
